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Achievement of Target Gain Larger than Unity in an Inertial Fusion Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:065102. [PMID: 38394591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.065102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
On December 5, 2022, an indirect drive fusion implosion on the National Ignition Facility (NIF) achieved a target gain G_{target} of 1.5. This is the first laboratory demonstration of exceeding "scientific breakeven" (or G_{target}>1) where 2.05 MJ of 351 nm laser light produced 3.1 MJ of total fusion yield, a result which significantly exceeds the Lawson criterion for fusion ignition as reported in a previous NIF implosion [H. Abu-Shawareb et al. (Indirect Drive ICF Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 075001 (2022)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.129.075001]. This achievement is the culmination of more than five decades of research and gives proof that laboratory fusion, based on fundamental physics principles, is possible. This Letter reports on the target, laser, design, and experimental advancements that led to this result.
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Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:075001. [PMID: 36018710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.075001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.
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Scintillation light detection in the 6-m drift-length ProtoDUNE Dual Phase liquid argon TPC. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2022; 82:618. [PMID: 35859696 PMCID: PMC9288420 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
DUNE is a dual-site experiment for long-baseline neutrino oscillation studies, neutrino astrophysics and nucleon decay searches. ProtoDUNE Dual Phase (DP) is a 6 × 6 × 6 m 3 liquid argon time-projection-chamber (LArTPC) that recorded cosmic-muon data at the CERN Neutrino Platform in 2019-2020 as a prototype of the DUNE Far Detector. Charged particles propagating through the LArTPC produce ionization and scintillation light. The scintillation light signal in these detectors can provide the trigger for non-beam events. In addition, it adds precise timing capabilities and improves the calorimetry measurements. In ProtoDUNE-DP, scintillation and electroluminescence light produced by cosmic muons in the LArTPC is collected by photomultiplier tubes placed up to 7 m away from the ionizing track. In this paper, the ProtoDUNE-DP photon detection system performance is evaluated with a particular focus on the different wavelength shifters, such as PEN and TPB, and the use of Xe-doped LAr, considering its future use in giant LArTPCs. The scintillation light production and propagation processes are analyzed and a comparison of simulation to data is performed, improving understanding of the liquid argon properties.
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Abstract No. 348 ▪ FEATURED ABSTRACT Assessing effects of geniculate artery embolization in a non-surgical animal model of osteoarthritis. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Molecular Methodology for Tick Speciation and Tickborne Pathogen Surveillance. Int J Infect Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.12.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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SO-8 Health-related quality of life in patients treated with pembrolizumab for microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair deficient advanced solid tumors: Results from the KEYNOTE-158 study. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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8
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Prospects for beyond the Standard Model physics searches at the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment: DUNE Collaboration. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. C, PARTICLES AND FIELDS 2021; 81:322. [PMID: 34720713 PMCID: PMC8550327 DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09007-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) will be a powerful tool for a variety of physics topics. The high-intensity proton beams provide a large neutrino flux, sampled by a near detector system consisting of a combination of capable precision detectors, and by the massive far detector system located deep underground. This configuration sets up DUNE as a machine for discovery, as it enables opportunities not only to perform precision neutrino measurements that may uncover deviations from the present three-flavor mixing paradigm, but also to discover new particles and unveil new interactions and symmetries beyond those predicted in the Standard Model (SM). Of the many potential beyond the Standard Model (BSM) topics DUNE will probe, this paper presents a selection of studies quantifying DUNE's sensitivities to sterile neutrino mixing, heavy neutral leptons, non-standard interactions, CPT symmetry violation, Lorentz invariance violation, neutrino trident production, dark matter from both beam induced and cosmogenic sources, baryon number violation, and other new physics topics that complement those at high-energy colliders and significantly extend the present reach.
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Grants
- MR/T019530/1 Medical Research Council
- MR/T041323/1 Medical Research Council
- MSMT, Czech Republic
- NRF, South Korea
- Canadian Network for Research and Innovation in Machining Technology, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung
- SERI, Switzerland
- Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
- U.S. Department of Energy
- CERN
- Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu
- The Royal Society, United Kingdom
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- U.S. NSF
- FCT, Portugal
- CEA, France
- CNRS/IN2P3, France
- European Regional Development Fund
- Science and Technology Facilities Council
- H2020-EU, European Union
- IPP, Canada
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
- Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
- CAM, Spain
- MSCA, European Union
- Instituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
- Fundacção de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
- Fundacion “La Caixa” Spain
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Multiple Pulmonary Pleomorphic Adenomas of Unknown Primary. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
The most common site of pleomorphic adenomas (PAs) is salivary glands, which behave as benign tumors and rarely metastasize. Primary PAs in lungs are exceedingly rare. We report a case of multiple PAs in lungs with an inconclusive origin.
Methods
A 65-year-old woman had a two-year history of numerous scattered bilateral well-circumscribed pulmonary nodules measuring up to 2.1 cm. She had no prior history of smoking, asbestos exposure and salivary gland diseases, and denied any symptoms. The latest chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed the two largest lower lobe nodules had mildly increased in size compared to two years before. The patient then underwent wedge resections.
Results
Grossly, the wedge resection specimens showed multiple well-circumscribed, pale tan, firm nodules. Microscopically, the nodules comprised cytologically bland nests of polygonal to plasmacytoid cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm, variably set in a myxoid matrix. Immunohistochemical stains demonstrated that the cells were positive for AE-1/AE-3, S-100, bcl-2 and SOX-10, and negative for chromogranin, smooth muscle actin, p63, calponin, PAX-8, CD34, CD31, HMB-45, melan-A, HHF-35, GATA-3, GFAP and RCC marker; TTF-1 highlighted entrapped pulmonary epithelium but the tumor cells were negative. These findings might suggest metastatic low grade PA from salivary glands. However, the patient’s follow-up examination by an otolaryngologist was normal; the CT scan of her chest and abdomen did not show any remarkable findings other than her lung nodules.
Conclusion
To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of multiple pulmonary PAs without a preceding primary.
It has raised questions about the pathogenesis of multiple PAs in lungs. Could PA present as multiple primary nodules in lungs? Could one primary pulmonary PA generate multiple satellite nodules in lungs? Do multiple primary pulmonary PAs have a different IHC profile than that of a single primary pulmonary PA? More research is needed.
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Temperature Elevation During Neonatal and Pediatric Fixed Wing Transport in a Subtropic Climate: A Descriptive Study. Air Med J 2020; 40:65-68. [PMID: 33455630 DOI: 10.1016/j.amj.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to describe the degree of temperature elevation (∆T) among children transported in a subtropical climate (Florida) via fixed wing aircraft and identify potential relationships between patient weight and ∆T. METHODS We performed a retrospective cohort study in children < 18 years of age undergoing interfacility transport via fixed wing aircraft from January 2016 through July 2020. The study outcomes were ∆T, maximum patient temperature, ambient temperature, and heat index. Bivariate cohorts defined by patient weight (5 kg) were compared using Fisher exact, Student t-, and Wilcoxon rank sum analyses. Exploratory testing included receiver operator characteristic curve analyses and unadjusted logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 58 children studied, 25 (43%) were ≤ 5 kg, and 33 (57%) were > 5 kg. Compared with children > 5 kg, those ≤ 5 kg had greater ∆T (0.8° ± 0.6°C vs. 0.2° ± 0.3°C), maximum patient temperature (37.3° ± 0.6°C vs. 36.8° ± 0.4°C), and proportion with ≥ 1°C ∆T (36% vs. 3%). No child > 5 kg had a temperature > 38°C, and no differences were observed for heat index or ambient temperature. Receiver operating characteristic analysis of patient weight on ∆T ≥ 1°C yielded an area under the curve of 0.86 (cutoff of 3.5 kg; sensitivity = 81.3%, specificity = 80%). Patient weight was inversely associated with ∆T ≥ 1°C (odds ratio = 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.49-0.96). CONCLUSIONS Young children appear at greatest risk for developing environmental hyperthermia during interfacility fixed wing transport.
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STAGdb: a 30K SNP genotyping array and Science Gateway for Acropora corals and their dinoflagellate symbionts. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12488. [PMID: 32719467 PMCID: PMC7385180 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69101-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Standardized identification of genotypes is necessary in animals that reproduce asexually and form large clonal populations such as coral. We developed a high-resolution hybridization-based genotype array coupled with an analysis workflow and database for the most speciose genus of coral, Acropora, and their symbionts. We designed the array to co-analyze host and symbionts based on bi-allelic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) markers identified from genomic data of the two Caribbean Acropora species as well as their dominant dinoflagellate symbiont, Symbiodinium ‘fitti’. SNPs were selected to resolve multi-locus genotypes of host (called genets) and symbionts (called strains), distinguish host populations and determine ancestry of coral hybrids between Caribbean acroporids. Pacific acroporids can also be genotyped using a subset of the SNP loci and additional markers enable the detection of symbionts belonging to the genera Breviolum, Cladocopium, and Durusdinium. Analytic tools to produce multi-locus genotypes of hosts based on these SNP markers were combined in a workflow called the Standard Tools for Acroporid Genotyping (STAG). The STAG workflow and database are contained within a customized Galaxy environment (https://coralsnp.science.psu.edu/galaxy/), which allows for consistent identification of host genet and symbiont strains and serves as a template for the development of arrays for additional coral genera. STAG data can be used to track temporal and spatial changes of sampled genets necessary for restoration planning and can be applied to downstream genomic analyses. Using STAG, we uncover bi-directional hybridization between and population structure within Caribbean acroporids and detect a cryptic Acroporid species in the Pacific.
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368: RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PATIENT WEIGHT AND HYPERTHERMIA DURING FIXED-WING TRANSPORT IN THE FLORIDA SUN. Crit Care Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1097/01.ccm.0000619824.49403.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Association of tumour mutational burden with outcomes in patients with select advanced solid tumours treated with pembrolizumab in KEYNOTE-158. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz253.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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P4522Intravascular volume expansion mitigates the impact of impaired renal function and associated clinical outcomes in chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz745.0915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background/Introduction
Intravascular volume is regulated by the kidneys but the interconnection of the extent of volume expansion with renal function and outcomes in patients with chronic HF has not been assessed. Therefore, we evaluated how GFR-defined renal function and HF-related clinical outcomes are impacted by the relative extent of intravascular volume expansion. Our hypothesis was that greater rather than lesser volume expansion would be protective of worse renal function and contribute to better clinical outcomes than mild-moderate volume expansion.
Purpose
Assess the impact of quantitated intravascular volume expansion on heart failure (HF) outcomes in relation to renal function in post-hospital clinically determined “euvolemic” chronic HF patients.
Methods
Blood volume (BV) was prospectively measured in 87 HF patients considered clinically “euvolemic” post-diuresis at the time of hospital discharge using a standardized radiolabeled albumin indicator-dilution technique (Daxor Corp., NY, NY). A volume cut-point of ≥+25% above normal expected BV was used to define the greater degree of volume expansion from more mild-moderate expansion. These volume subgroups were then stratified by cohort median eGFR (46 mL/min/1.73m2) and analyzed for 1-year outcomes of HF-related mortality or 1st re-hospitalization using the Kaplan-Meier method.
Results
Volume expansion ≥+25% was demonstrated in 53% of the cohort at the time of hospital discharge despite hospital diuretic therapy. In this subgroup over 1.0 year of follow-up the risk for the composite outcome was significantly lower than in the group with mild-moderate volume expansion (Log-Rank p=0.017). Further, in the clinical setting of greater volume expansion, worse renal function with eGFR below the cohort median (<46 mL/min/1.73m2) was not associated with increased risk for the composite end-point (Figure). In contrast, low eGFR in the presence of mild-moderate volume expansion stratified risk and was associated with worse outcome relative to a higher eGFR above the median (Figure).
Figure 1
Conclusions
In post-hospital chronic HF patients significant intravascular volume expansion is common, and importantly the extent of BV expansion impacts outcomes including HF-related mortality. However, greater rather than lesser volume expansion appears to favorably mitigate the impact of worse renal function (low eGFR), while normal or mild-moderate expansion does not spare the impact of worse renal function on outcomes. Thus, a favorable degree of volume expansion appears to balance the risks of worse renal function. Volume-kidney interconnections are complex with volume status modulating the impact of impaired renal function on outcomes in chronic HF.
Acknowledgement/Funding
None
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Seasonal temperature patterns and durations of acceptable temperature range in houses in Brisbane, Australia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 683:470-479. [PMID: 31141748 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A paradigm shift to the use of indoor rather than outdoor temperature to estimate the exposure risk of low and high temperatures is vital for better prediction of temperature health effects and timely health warnings, and will also assist in understanding the influence of temperature on energy consumption and comfort. This study aimed to quantify the percentage of hours during the year that indoor temperature (living room) was in the extended comfort band (18-28 °C) of a subtropical climate, and identify the diurnal pattern of indoor temperatures in different seasons. Data used was collected in a previous study on the association between indoor and outdoor temperature. A k-shape cluster analysis resulted in two clusters of indoor temperature patterns for both weekdays and weekends. A bimodal pattern was identified during the cool season and a flat top pattern for the warm season, with many variations at weekends. These patterns can be attributed to the influence of cooling and heating processes depending on the season as well as occupancy, occupants' interference, and building materials. During the intermediate season, a sinusoidal pattern was observed for both weekdays and weekends because occupants likely relied on outdoor temperature conditions which were similar to those expected indoors without heating or cooling devices. The percentage of hours in which the indoor temperature of the houses ranged within the extended comfort band was 72-97% throughout the year, but for the coldest and hottest months it was 50-75%. These findings show that Brisbane residents are at possible risk of exposure to cold and hot temperatures due to the poor thermal performance of houses, and confirm that there is no standard indoor temperature pattern for all houses.
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SKY ABOVE CLOUDS: THE POWER OF CREATIVITY THROUGH ILLNESS AND ADVERSITY. Innov Aging 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igy023.3055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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17
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Usability and efficacy of a virtual reality simulator for power wheelchair training. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2018.05.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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LB985 GSK2967901A, a novel small molecule SIRT1 activator for the topical treatment of psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Protease-activated receptor-1 inhibits proliferation but enhances leukemia stem cell activity in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2016; 36:2589-2598. [PMID: 27819671 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Eradication of leukemia stem cells (LSCs) is the ultimate goal of treating acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We recently showed that the combined loss of Runx1/Cbfb inhibited the development of MLL-AF9-induced AML. However, c-Kit+/Gr-1- cells remained viable in Runx1/Cbfb-deleted cells, indicating that suppressing RUNX activity may not eradicate the most immature LSCs. In this study, we found upregulation of several hemostasis-related genes, including the thrombin-activatable receptor PAR-1 (protease-activated receptor-1), in Runx1/Cbfb-deleted MLL-AF9 cells. Similar to the effect of Runx1/Cbfb deletion, PAR-1 overexpression induced CDKN1A/p21 expression and attenuated proliferation in MLL-AF9 cells. To our surprise, PAR-1 deficiency also prevented leukemia development induced by a small number of MLL-AF9 leukemia stem cells (LSCs) in vivo. PAR-1 deficiency also reduced leukemogenicity of AML1-ETO-induced leukemia. Re-expression of PAR-1 in PAR-1-deficient cells combined with a limiting-dilution transplantation assay demonstrated the cell-dose-dependent role of PAR-1 in MLL-AF9 leukemia: PAR-1 inhibited rapid leukemic proliferation when there were a large number of LSCs, while a small number of LSCs required PAR-1 for their efficient growth. Mechanistically, PAR-1 increased the adherence properties of MLL-AF9 cells and promoted their engraftment to bone marrow. Taken together, these data revealed a multifaceted role for PAR-1 in leukemogenesis, and highlight this receptor as a potential target to eradicate primitive LSCs in AML.
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A Comparative Study of the in vitro and in vivo Antiviral Activities of Acyclovir and Penciclovir. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/095632029500600203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The antiviral properties of the compounds acyclovir (ACV) and penciclovir (PCV) have been compared in a number of in vitro and in vivo assays. In vitro, both compounds had good activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and varicella-zoster virus (VZV), although ACV showed statistically significant superiority. In addition, ACV had greater activity against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). We examined the effect of time of addition and removal of ACV and PCV under a variety of conditions and found similar results with the two compounds under most conditions. However, at a high multiplicity of infection, when all of the cells would be expected to be synchronously expressing large amounts of the viral thymidine kinase, short exposures to PCV appeared to be superior to similar exposures to ACV. In the HSV-1 zosteriform mouse model there was no significant difference between the activities of ACV and PCV, or its prodrug famciclovir (FCV), in once- or twice-daily treatment. The possible significance of these results and those previously reported on the activity of the compounds in humans is discussed.
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TH-F-202-01: MRI Basics. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4958290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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22
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Rapid Fire Abstract session: new insights in cardiomyopthies434The role of 4D echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers for early detection of chemotherapy induced cardiotoxicity in nonHodgkin lymphoma patients435Identification of proto-oncogenes and genes responsible for myocardial fibrosis and diastolic dysfunction after anticancer treatment under experimental conditions436Wild type transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: clinical characteristics, echocardiographic findings, and predictors of outcome437A novel echocardiographic index for detection of cardiac amyloidosis.438Left ventricular outflow obstruction is a treatable feature rather than a risk marker in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy439The international stress echo registry in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy440Value of left atrial size and function to risk stratify for new onset atrial fibrillation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy441Right ventricle ejection fraction by cardiac resonance imaging is superior in discrimination between early phase ARVC and right ventricular outflow tract ventricular tachycardia. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jev254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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WE-AB-BRA-11: Development of Physiological-Based Virtual Thorax Phantoms for Evaluation of Deformable Image Registration. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4925864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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TH-CD-204-09: Physiological Modeling of Lung Motion Based On Hyperpolarized Gas Tagging MRI. Med Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4926256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Evaluation of the anterior chamber angle in keratoconus and normal subjects. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2015; 38:277-82. [PMID: 25850882 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the anterior chamber angle in keratoconus eyes by use of the Visante™ OCT and Orbscan™ II. METHODS Anterior chamber angle was measured with the Visante™ OCT and Orbscan™ II in 52 subjects, 26 KC subjects and 26 age and control subjects. RESULTS When comparing the nasal and temporal angles obtained with the two techniques no correlation was found (R(2) always below 0.01) in either the control subjects or in the KC subjects. Despite this, there was an overall statistically significant difference in mean anterior chamber angles (p<0.001) between Visante™ OCT and Orbscan™ II. There was no statistical difference (p>0.05) between nasal and temporal anterior chamber angles when comparing controls and KC subjects with either of the two instruments. In general, the Visante™ OCT gave a smaller estimate of the anterior chamber angle. CONCLUSION The values from the Visante™ OCT and Orbscan™ II cannot be interchanged since the difference in measurement of the anterior chamber angle was significantly different between the two instruments.
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Determination of the Secondary Structure of an RNA fragment in Solution: Selective 2`-Hydroxyl Acylation Analyzed by Primer Extension Assay (SHAPE). Bio Protoc 2015. [DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.1386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Phase Ib/Ii Study of Lee011 (Cdk4/6 Inhibitor) and Lgx818 (Braf Inhibitor) in Braf-Mutant Melanoma. Ann Oncol 2014. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu344.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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MO-G-18C-03: Evaluation of Deformable Image Registration for Lung Motion Estimation Using Hyperpolarized Gas Tagging MRI. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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MO-C-17A-08: Evaluation of Lung Deformation Using Three Dimensional Strain Maps. Med Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4889131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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(145) Derivation of an emergency department-based clinical prediction tool to identify individuals at increased risk of chronic musculoskeletal pain development after motor vehicle collision. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2014.01.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Early CD3+/CD15+ peripheral blood leukocyte chimerism patterns correlate with long-term engraftment in non-malignant hematopoietic SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant 2014; 49:572-5. [PMID: 24419524 DOI: 10.1038/bmt.2013.207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Following hematopoietic SCT (HSCT) for non-malignant disorders (NMDs) variable donor chimerism among lympho-hematopoietic lines may be observed. We retrospectively evaluated early post-HSCT, lineage-sorted (CD3+ and CD15+) peripheral blood leukocyte chimerism data to characterize patterns and assess for association with long-term CD15+ engraftment. 'Early' was defined as the first value obtained between days +14 and +42, 'late' as the last recorded value after day +90. 'High' donor chimerism was defined as 80% on either fraction at all time-points. Patients were classified into four subgroups with respect to early CD3+/CD15+ chimerism patterns (high/low) then analyzed for long-term CD15+ chimerism status. A total of 135 transplants were evaluable, with all three time-points available in 97. Underlying disease, graft source, patient age and conditioning intensity varied. 'Split' early chimerism (discordant high/low CD3+/CD15+ status) was common. Multivariable analysis revealed strong association between conditioning regimen and primary disease on early CD3+/CD15+ chimerism patterns and a dominant predictive effect of early CD15+ chimerism on long-term CD15+ donor engraftment (observed at median day +365). These data may guide real-time clinician decisions (restraint vs intervention, when available) when faced with unfavorable or unusual early lympho-hematopoietic chimerism patterns following HSCT for NMD.
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TU-C-141-08: Evaluate Deformable Image Registration for the Lungs Using Hyperpolarized Gas Tagging MRI. Med Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4815385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Cardiac Ultrasound Findings in Infants with Severe (Hurler Phenotype) Untreated Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) Type I. JIMD Rep 2013; 10:87-94. [PMID: 23430808 DOI: 10.1007/8904_2012_208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serious cardiac valve disease and left ventricular hypertrophy occur in most untreated older children with severe mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Although it is assumed that early intervention prevents these processes, evaluation of cardiac findings in these infants has not yet been reported. METHODS We reviewed echocardiograms of 13 untreated infants < 1 year of age with severe mucopolysaccharidosis type I who had undergone evaluation for hematopoietic cell transplantation. We recorded left ventricular chamber dimensions, septal and posterior wall thicknesses, ventricular function, and aortic sinus diameters. We evaluated mitral and aortic valves for increased thickness, regurgitation, and stenosis. RESULTS Average age (7M, 6F) was 221 (range 25-347) days. Left ventricular chamber dimension was ≥2 SD of normal in 3/13; wall thicknesses were ≥2 SD of normal in 2/13 infants. Systolic function was normal. Mitral valves were thickened in all infants; mitral regurgitation was present in 9/13, but significant in only three infants. Aortic valves were thickened in 10/13, but no infant had significant aortic regurgitation. Neither mitral nor aortic stenosis occurred. Aortic roots were dilated to ≥2 SD of normal in 5/13. CONCLUSIONS Characteristic cardiac features of severe mucopolysaccharidosis type I can be seen in infancy. Mitral and aortic valve thickening are nearly universally present, even in the youngest infants. In 20-30 % of infants, other abnormalities such as left ventricular dilation, increased wall thickness, and mild mitral/aortic regurgitation may occur. Aortic root dilation is a frequent finding. Early intervention with enzyme replacement therapy may minimize the incidence and severity of cardiac findings in these infants. SUMMARY Serious cardiac valve disease and left ventricular hypertrophy occur in most untreated older children with severe mucopolysaccharidosis type I. Although it is assumed that early intervention prevents these processes, evaluation of cardiac findings in these infants has not yet been reported. In our study of 13 infants with severe untreated MPS I < 1 year of age, mitral and aortic valve thickening was nearly universally present and aortic root dilation was frequent. Despite this, we found a lower incidence of left ventricular hypertrophy and both a lower incidence and milder expression of mitral and aortic valve dysfunction than previously reported in older children. These findings suggest that earlier intervention, including neonatal screening, may be of benefit to children with severe MPS I.
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Measure for the assessment of confidence with manual wheelchair use (WheelCon-M) version 2.1: Reliability and validity. J Rehabil Med 2013; 45:61-7. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-1069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Defects in Androgen Biosynthesis Causing 46,XY Disorders of Sexual Development. Semin Reprod Med 2012; 30:417-26. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1324726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Loss of Fatty-Acid delta(6) desaturating ability in human mammary epithelial-cells that express an activated C-ha-ras oncogene. Int J Oncol 2012; 6:1039-46. [PMID: 21556637 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.6.5.1039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of essential fatty acids (EFAs) that have been shown to inhibit breast cancer cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in animals requires desaturation at C-6 of linoleic or alpha-linolenic acid. This observation, combined with reports that many tumors and tumor cell lines are deficient in Delta(6) desaturation and/or contain low levels of 6-desaturated EFAs, has led to the suggestion that loss of Delta(6) desaturating ability is relevant to the process of malignant transformation. This study was undertaken in search of direct evidence that malignant transformation of mammary epithelial cells alters EFA metabolism. We used two cell lines derived from the spontaneously immortalized human mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A and expressing either the c-Ha-ras protooncogene (MCF-10AneoN) or an activated c-Ha-ras oncogene (MCF-10AneoT), and a cell line immortalized by transfection of human mammary epithelial cells with SV40 T antigen. We compared these cell lines in terms of ability to convert EFAs (30 mu M) to other EFAs of the same family. MCF-10AneoT cells lose the ability to perform Delta(6) and Delta(4) desaturations, whereas MCF-10AneoN cells and the SV40 T antigen-transformed cell line do not. No significant changes in growth response to culture with 6-desaturated EFAs were noted for MCF-10AneoT cells compared with MCF-10AneoN and parental MCF-10A cells, suggesting that FA metabolism alone cannot account for the effects of EFAs on the growth of neoplastic and non-neoplastic mammary epithelial cells.
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Measurement of the proton-air cross section at √s=57 TeV with the Pierre Auger Observatory. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2012; 109:062002. [PMID: 23006259 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a measurement of the proton-air cross section for particle production at the center-of-mass energy per nucleon of 57 TeV. This is derived from the distribution of the depths of shower maxima observed with the Pierre Auger Observatory: systematic uncertainties are studied in detail. Analyzing the tail of the distribution of the shower maxima, a proton-air cross section of [505±22(stat)(-36)(+28)(syst)] mb is found.
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New Information in Old Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Blocks: Does the Paraffin Block Lose its Value in the Drawer Over Years? Am J Clin Pathol 2012. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/138.suppl1.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Tipping the scales: A lawyer joins the health care team. Paediatr Child Health 2012; 16:336. [PMID: 22654543 DOI: 10.1093/pch/16.6.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Numerical modelling of Czochralski growth of quadratic silicon crystals by means of a travelling magnetic field. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201100494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Early diagnosis of cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy in boys with Addison's disease improves survival and neurological outcomes. Eur J Pediatr 2011; 170:1049-54. [PMID: 21279382 PMCID: PMC3101278 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-011-1401-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2010] [Accepted: 01/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Approximately one third of boys with X-linked adrenoleukodystophy (X-ALD) develop an acute, progressive inflammatory process of the central nervous system, resulting in rapid neurologic deterioration and death. Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) can halt the progression of neurologic disease if performed early in the course of the cerebral form of X-ALD. We describe a retrospective cohort study of 90 boys with X-ALD evaluated at our institution between 2000 and 2009, to determine if early diagnosis of X-ALD following the diagnosis of unexplained adrenal insufficiency (AI) improves outcomes. We describe seven cases with a delay in the diagnosis of X-ALD and compare their outcomes to ten controls with the diagnosis of ALD made within 12 months following diagnosis of AI. At the time of evaluation for HCT, boys with a delay in the diagnosis of X-ALD had more extensive cerebral involvement and more limited functioning. These boys also were 3.9 times more likely to die and had significant advancement of cerebral disease after HCT, compared with boys with a timely diagnosis of X-ALD. In conclusion, the early diagnosis of cerebral X-ALD following the diagnosis of unexplained AI, and subsequent treatment with HCT improves both neurological outcomes and survival in boys with cerebral X-ALD.
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P1-S1.24 Longitudinal trends in syndromic STI diagnoses in Lilongwe, Malawi: 2006-2010. Sex Transm Infect 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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P1-S2.23 Transgender persons in Guatemala - over-exposed and under-protected - the findings of an RDS behavioural survey. Sex Transm Infect 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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P1-S4.08 Population size estimates for men who have sex with men in Guatemala City using time location sampling and respondent driven sampling. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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P1-S6.29 Longitudinal trends in HIV testing and prevalence among STI clinic patients in Lilongwe, Malawi: 2006-2010. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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O1-S05.04 Increased risk for Trichomonas vaginalis in an urban population of young adults. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050109.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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P1-S2.64 Demographic characteristics and HIV risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Guatemala City, Guatemala, 2010. Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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P1-S4.14 Does core theory apply in rural environments? Br J Vener Dis 2011. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050108.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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TH-A-220-10: Ventilation Imaging of the Lung: Comparison of 4DCT with Hyperpolarized Helium-3 MR. Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3613488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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