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Tai JL, Grzejda R, Sultan MTH, Łukaszewicz A, Shahar FS, Tarasiuk W, Rychlik A. Experimental Investigation on the Corrosion Detectability of A36 Low Carbon Steel by the Method of Phased Array Corrosion Mapping. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5297. [PMID: 37570000 PMCID: PMC10419381 DOI: 10.3390/ma16155297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Petrochemical plants use on-stream inspection often to detect and monitor the corrosion on the equipment and piping system. Compared to ultrasonic thickness gauging and pulse-echo A-scan, phased array corrosion mapping has better coverability and can scan a large area to detect general and localized corrosion. This paper's objective is to obtain documentary evidence for the accuracy of corrosion detection from 30 °C to 250 °C on A36 low-carbon steel by carrying out simulation experiments every 10 °C step. A minimum of three sets of phased array corrosion mapping data in each temperature were collected to study and evaluate the detectability. The data evidence could enhance the confidence level of the plant's end users in using phased array mapping in the future during inspections. The experiments were found to be insufficiently thorough despite addressing the initial concerns, leaving more area for discussion in further studies, such as expanding the investigation to thicker carbon steel, stainless steel, and wedge materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lean Tai
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (J.L.T.); (F.S.S.)
| | - Rafał Grzejda
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 19 Piastow Ave., 70-310 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (J.L.T.); (F.S.S.)
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Product (INTROP), University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre [944751-A], Prime Minister’s Department, MIGHT Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, Cyberjaya 63600, Malaysia
| | - Andrzej Łukaszewicz
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Farah Syazwani Shahar
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (J.L.T.); (F.S.S.)
| | - Wojciech Tarasiuk
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Arkadiusz Rychlik
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland;
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Tai JL, Sultan MTH, Łukaszewicz A, Shahar FS, Tarasiuk W, Napiórkowski J. Ultrasonic Velocity and Attenuation of Low-Carbon Steel at High Temperatures. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:5123. [PMID: 37512396 PMCID: PMC10385177 DOI: 10.3390/ma16145123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
On-stream inspections are the most appropriate method for routine inspections during plant operation without undergoing production downtime. Ultrasonic inspection, one of the on-stream inspection methods, faces challenges when performed at high temperatures exceeding the recommended 52 °C. This study aims to determine the ultrasonic velocity and attenuation with known material grade, thickness, and temperatures by comparing theoretical calculation and experimentation, with temperatures ranging between 30 °C to 250 °C on low-carbon steel, covering most petrochemical equipment material and working conditions. The aim of the theoretical analysis was to obtain Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and longitudinal velocity at different temperatures. The experiments validated the theoretical results of ultrasonic change due to temperature increase. It was found that the difference between the experiments and theoretical calculation is 3% at maximum. The experimental data of velocity and decibel change from the temperature range provide a reference for the future when dealing with unknown materials information on site that requires a quick corrosion status determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Lean Tai
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Laboratory of Biocomposite Technology, Institute of Tropical Forest and Forest Product (INTROP), University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
- Aerospace Malaysia Innovation Centre [944751-A], Prime Minister's Department, MIGHT Partnership Hub, Jalan Impact, Cyberjaya 63600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Andrzej Łukaszewicz
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Farah Syazwani Shahar
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wojciech Tarasiuk
- Institute of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Jerzy Napiórkowski
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
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Szczucka-Lasota B, Szymczak T, Węgrzyn T, Tarasiuk W. Superalloy-Steel Joint in Microstructural and Mechanical Characterisation for Manufacturing Rotor Components. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2862. [PMID: 37049156 PMCID: PMC10096150 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The structure of energy rotor components includes different structural materials in the sections, which are subjected to varying levels of thermal loading. The first component section has to include a precipitation-hardened nickel-based alloy, while the second one may be manufactured from other materials. Due to the installation cost, the use of expensive nickel-based materials is not recommended for applications in sections with a lower degree of thermal loading. Therefore, this aspect is still actually from an engineering point of view and is discussed in the paper by means of manufacturing and experimental approaches. The paper follows the welding problems related to a hybrid joint made of superalloy (Alloy 59) and hard rusting steel (S355J2W+N steel). The problem is solved using the MIG process at various parameters. With respect to the joint quality, microstructural features and mechanical parameters of the examined zone are presented. In the case of microstructure analysis, the dendritic and cellular natures of austenite were dominant elements of the joint. Mechanical tests have expressed a 50% reduction in elongation of the steel and alloy steel weld and lowering mechanical parameters. Mechanical parameters of the joint were on the level of their values observed for the steel, while the hardening coefficient followed the hardening curve of the alloy. Decohesion of the steel and mixed weld has reflected the constant proportion of values of axial and shear stress components up to the total separation. It is noted the tensile curves of the alloy and alloy steel joint follow a very similar shape, reporting the same response on the monotonic tension. The materials can be analysed by applying constitutive equations at very similar values of their coefficients. The obtained results enabled elaborating and examining the MIG welding process for thick-walled structures (not smaller than 8 mm) in detail giving all parameters required for technology. Finally, the technology for producing a hybrid joint using difficult-to-weld materials with different physical and mechanical properties, such as nickel alloys and low-alloy steels, is proposed. Results have shown it possible to develop a technology for producing of hybrid joints (supper alloy + hard rusting steel) with assumed physical and mechanical properties for rotors applied in the power boiler. This solution was proposed instead of previously used elements of rotors from expensive materials. It was assumed that the newly proposed and utilised method of welding will allow for obtaining good properties in terms of energy devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bożena Szczucka-Lasota
- Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Tadeusz Szymczak
- Department of Vehicle Type-Approval & Testing, Motor Transport Institute, Jagiellońska 80, 03-301 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Węgrzyn
- Faculty of Transport and Aviation Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Krasińskiego 8, 40-019 Katowice, Poland
| | - Wojciech Tarasiuk
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45c, 15-352 Białystok, Poland
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Lemecha M, Napiórkowski J, Ligier K, Tarasiuk W, Sztukowski K. Analysis of Wear Properties of Powder Metallurgy Steel in Abrasive Soil Mass. Materials (Basel) 2022; 15:6888. [PMID: 36234229 PMCID: PMC9571601 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the results of testing for abrasive wear of Vanadis 60 SuperClean powder metallurgy steel as compared to Hardox 600 steel and PMFe60P padding weld. The testing was conducted by the "rotating bowl" method using natural abrasive soil masses. Two types of abrasive masses with particle size distributions corresponding to light soil and medium soil were used. The obtained results enable the conclusion that the weight loss for Vanadis 60 SuperClean powder steel in both types of abrasive mass was approximately seven times lower than that for Hardox 600 steel and two times lower than PMFe60P padding weld. The high resistance of powder steel to abrasive wear in abrasive soil masses is related to the presence of a large number of fine M6C (tungsten-molybdenum) and MC (vanadium) carbide precipitates in its microstructure. The obtained test results indicate that the application of Vanadis 60 SuperClean steel may be extended to working elements operating in mineral abrasive environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Lemecha
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Jerzy Napiórkowski
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ligier
- Faculty of Technical Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Wojciech Tarasiuk
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
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Dziki D, Gawlik-Dziki U, Tarasiuk W, Różyło R. Fiber Preparation from Micronized Oat By-Products: Antioxidant Properties and Interactions between Bioactive Compounds. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092621. [PMID: 35565971 PMCID: PMC9099853 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the possibility of utilizing oat by-products for fiber preparation. Oat husk (OH) and oat bran (OB) were micronized and used to prepare a novel product rich in fiber and with enhanced antioxidant properties. The basic chemical composition and phenolic acid profile were determined in OH and OB. The antioxidant properties of OH and OB were also analyzed. The type and strength of interactions between the biologically active compounds from their mixtures were characterized by an isobolographic analysis. The analyses showed that the sum of phenolic acids was higher in OH than in OB. Ferulic acid was dominant in both OH and OB; however, its content in OH was over sixfold higher than that in OB. The results also suggested that both OH and OB can be used for preparing fiber with enhanced antioxidant properties. The optimal composition of the preparation, with 60–70% of OH and 30–40% of OB, allows for obtaining a product with 60–70% fiber and enhanced antioxidant activity due to bioactive substances and their synergistic effect. The resulting product can be a valuable additive to various food and dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dariusz Dziki
- Poland Department of Thermal Technology and Food Process Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka 31, 20-612 Lublin, Poland;
- Fibrecare Sp. z o.o., Słowackiego 16, 40-094 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
- Fibrecare Sp. z o.o., Słowackiego 16, 40-094 Katowice, Poland;
- Department of Biochemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Skromna 8, 20-704 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Wojciech Tarasiuk
- Fibrecare Sp. z o.o., Słowackiego 16, 40-094 Katowice, Poland;
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Bialystok, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45A, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
| | - Renata Różyło
- Department of Food Engineering and Machines, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Głęboka St. 28, 20-950 Lublin, Poland;
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Pedich W, Bień B, Halicka M, Tarasiuk W. Application of the geriatric assessment card (g.a.c.) in the monitoring of socio-medical status of the elderly. Mater Med Pol 1991; 23:47-50. [PMID: 1843980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W Pedich
- Department of Gerontology, Medical Academy, Białystok, Poland
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Tarasiuk W. [A case of osteopoikilosis]. Wiad Lek 1990; 43:603-5. [PMID: 2260317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of literature and own observation a very rare form is discussed of skeletal system anomaly--osteopoikilosis+ which is considered to be a genetically determined, benign skeletal dysplasia. It manifests itself with numerous spotty densities of bony structure situated usually near the joints of long bones. They may be erroneously regarded as malignant metastases. The reported case of osteopoikilosis+ conformis the hereditary character of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Tarasiuk
- I Oddziału Chorób Wewnetrznych Wojewódzkiego Szpitala Zespolonego im. J. Sniadeckiego w Białymstoku
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