CircRNA_010763 promotes growth and invasion of lung cancer through serving as a molecular sponge of miR-715 to induce c-Myc expression

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to investigate the regulatory effect of circRNA_010763 on the growth and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

qRT-PCR was performed to detect the expressions of circRNA_010763 and c-Myc in human NSCLC tissues and cells. CCK-8 assay was performed to evaluate the A549 cells proliferation and transwell assay was performed to evaluate the A549 cells migration. The correlation between miR-715 and circRNA_010763 was detected by statistical analysis. Bioinformatics prediction and Luciferase assay were performed to explore the interaction and binding site of circRNA_010763 and miR-715, miR-715 and c-Myc, respectively.

RESULTS

We found that both circRNA_010763 and c-Myc were upregulated in human NSCLC tissues and cells. qRT-PCR and CCK-8 assay showed that circRNA_010763 expression is associated with the proliferation of NSCLC cells. Transwell assay showed that circRNA_010763 regulated the migration ability of NSCLC cells. The bioinformatics prediction and Luciferase assay demonstrated that circRNA_010763 can sponge with miR-715, serving as a molecular sponge to further regulate the expression of c-Myc.

CONCLUSIONS

In this study, we found that circRNA_010763 was highly expressed in human NSCLC tissues, which could promote tumor proliferation, migration and invasion through serving as a molecular sponge by modulating the inhibitory effect of miR-715 on oncogene c-Myc.

Evolutionary divergence of mitochondrial genomes in two Tetranychus species distributed across different climates

There is increasing evidence that mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) can be under selection, whereas the selective regimes shaping mitogenome evolution remain largely unclear. To test for mitogenome evolution in relation to the climate adaptation, we explored mtDNA variation in two spider mite (Tetranychus) species that distribute across different climates. We sequenced 26 complete mitogenomes of Tetranychus truncates, which occurs in both warm and cold regions, and nine complete mitogenomes of Tetranychus pueraricola, which is restricted to warm regions. Patterns of evolution in the two species' mitogenomes were compared through a series of d_N /d_S methods and physicochemical profiles of amino acid replacements. We found that: (1) the mitogenomes of both species were under widespread purifying selection; (2) elevated directional adaptive selection was observed in the T. truncatus mitogenome, perhaps linked to the cold climates adaptation of T. truncatus; and (3) the strength of selection varied across genes, and diversifying positive selection detected on ND4 and ATP6 pointed to their crucial roles during adaptation to different climatic conditions. This study gained insight into the mitogenome evolution in relation to the climate adaptation.

[Effects of continuous positive airway pressure on periodic limb movements during sleep in patients with obstructive sleep apnea]

Objective: To investigate the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on periodic limb movements during sleep (PLMS) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods: The polysomnography (PSG) data of 828 consecutive OSA outpatients from January 2015 to January 2017 who had undergone overnight CPAP titration were analyzed retrospectively. On the basis of changes in periodic limb movements index (PLMI) values (cut off level≥15/h) from baseline PSG (BPSG) to CPAP titration PSG, patients were assigned to one of the following four groups: persistent, CPAP-emergent, CPAP-disappeared, and non-PLMS. Results: Among 828 patients, 756 (91.3%) were male and 72 (8.7%) were female. The mean age was (45.7±10.7) years old, the mean body mass index (BMI) was (27.6±3.5) kg/m(2). The rate of patients was 3.9% in the persistent group, 10.3% in the CPAP-emergent group, 7.5% in the CPAP-disappearance group, and 78.4% in the non-PLMS group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that female appeared to be associated with the persistent group (P=0.004); older age and higher apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) on BPSG appeared to be associated with the CPAP-emergent group (P=0.012, 0.030). On the other hand, older age was negatively associated with the non-PLMS group (P=0.006). Conclusion: Elderly patients with higher AHI at BPSG may present with CPAP-emergent PLMS.

[Early diagnosis and early treatment for liver cancer in Qidong: survival of patients and effectiveness of screening]

Objective: To evaluate the patients' survival and effectiveness of the live cancer screening for population at high risk for liver cancer in Qidong. Methods: According to the Expert Scheme proposed the Expert Committee of Early Detection and Early Treatment, China Cancer Foundation, diagnostical screening by using combined methods of alpha-fetoprotein and B ultrasound monitoring were carried out biannually in individuals with positive HBsAg who were screened from Qidong area. The evaluation indices of the effectiveness are task completion rate of screening, detection rate of liver cancer, early diagnosis rate, and treatment rate. The deadline of the follow-up for the surviving outcome was March 31, 2016. The life-table method was used to calculate the observed survival, and to make comparison and significant tests between survival rates in Group A (those found via repeated periodic screening) and Group B (those diagnosed without periodic screening). Results: Since 2007, 38 016 target population have been screened, and 3 703(9.74%) individuals with positive HBsAg were found. Except for 29 patients with liver cancer at the initial screening, 3 674 persons in the cohort were followed up; 268 patients with liver cancer were detected from the 33 199 person-times screening, with an annual detection rate of 1.61%. Of them, 186 patients were found in Group A(1.12%), in which 149 patients were the early cases, with an early detection rate of 80.11%; 167 out of 186(89.78%) patients received treatment after diagnosis. The incidence of liver cancer in this HBsAg (+ ) cohort of 25 452 person-years was 1 052.96 per 100 000 annually, 187 cases in males(1 488.45/100 000)and 81 cases in females(628.46/100 000). The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year survival of all patients with liver cancer were 64.55%, 40.50%, 32.54%, and 19.65%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 8-year survival rates were 77.16%, 49.04%, 38.53%, and 24.25% in Group A, and were 36.25%, 21.21%, 21.21%, and 0% in Group B, respectively, with significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: The findings show that screening of individuals at high-risk of development of liver cancer, with semiannual AFP and B ultrasound, according to the Expert Scheme, is effective not only in increasing detection rate but also in detecting liver cancer at early stage, and in improving patients' survival as well.

[Gender differences of REM related obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome]

Objective: To explore the gender differences of rapid-eye-movement (REM) related obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods: Consecutive patients with primary complaint of snoring from Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital between January 2016 and November 2016 were included in the study. All participants underwent one night polysomnography (PSG) and Epworth sleep scale (ESS) was estimated. The patients diagnosed with OSAHS were classified as REM related OSAHS (REM-OSAHS group) and non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) related OSAHS (NREM-OSAHS group) based on the PSG parameters. And the gender differences of demographic and polysomnograpic characteristics in both groups were compared. The associations between apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and body mass index (BMI), neck circumference and waist circumference among patients with OSAHS were explored by multiple linear regression analysis. Results: A total of 1 258 patients were diagnosed with OSAHS. There were 997 (79.3%) male and 261 (20.7%) female among these patients, the mean age was (46.4±12.0) years old and mean BMI was (26.6±3.4) kg/m(2). There were 236 patients (18.8%) classified into REM-OSAHS group, and 1 022 patients (81.2%) classified into NREM-OSAHS group; the proportion of REM-OSAHS in female was significantly higher than that in male (34.1% vs 14.7%, P<0.001). After controlling for age, drinking, smoking, hypnotics, coffee, strong tea and sleep related parameters, in NREM-OSAHS group, AHI was positively correlated with BMI, neck circumference and waist circumference (P<0.001) both in male and female. In REM-OSAHS group, AHI was positively correlated with BMI, neck circumference and waist circumference in female (P<0.05), but only significantly correlated with BMI and waist circumference in male (P<0.05). Conclusions: REM-OSAHS is commonly seen in female OSAHS patients. Evaluation of the influences of anthropometric data on the severity of REM-OSAHS should consider the impact of gender.

[Expression and clinical significance of moesin and E-cadherin in invasive carcinoma of breast, no specific type]

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the correlation of moesin and E-cadherin with biological behavior of breast cancer and its mechanism by comparing expression of moesin and E-cadherin in breast invasive carcinoma of no specific type(BIC-NST), breast ductal carcinoma in situ(BDCIS) and normal breast tissues adjacent to carcinoma.

METHODS

Breast cancer cases of the Huizhou Municipal Center People Hospital were collected between Jan 2008 and Dec 2010, expression of moesin and E-cadherin in 104 cases of BIC-NST, 84 cases of BDCIS and 53 cases of normal breast tissues adjacent to carcinoma were detected by tissue-microarray and SP immunohistochemical staining. Western blot was used to detect moesin expression of 16 BIC-NST fresh tissues.

RESULTS

Expression rate of moesin in BIC-NST and BDCIS were significantly higher than normal tissues(P<0.01), but the expression rate of E-cadherin in BIC-NST and BDCIS were significantly lower than those of normal tissues(P<0.01). Expression rate of moesin in BIC-NST grade Ⅲ group was significantly higher than that of the grade Ⅰ group.There was a significantly positive correlation between histological grade and moesin expression(P<0.05). However, E-cadherin expression rate in BIC-NST grade Ⅲ group was significantly lower than that in grade Ⅰ group , and there was a significantly negative correlation between histological grade and E-cadherin expression(P<0.05). Moreover, no significant correlation was observed between moesin and E-cadherin expression in BDCIS tissues. Expression of moesin in clinical stage Ⅱ + Ⅲ BIC-NST was significantly higher than that in stage Ⅰ(P<0.01) . Expression of moesin was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.01). But no significant correlation was observed between moesin expression and age, tumor size and vascular invasion . However, expression of E-cadherin in clinical stage Ⅱ+ Ⅲ BIC-NST was significantly lower than that in stage Ⅰ(P<0.01). Expression of E-cadherin was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion (P<0.01). But no significant correlation was observed between E-cadherin expression, age and tumor size. There was a negative correlation between expression of moesin and E-cadherin in BIC-NST(P=0.021)and BDCIS(P=0.032).

CONCLUSION

Higher moesin and lower E-cadherin signal transduction is closely related to the recurrence and development of breast carcinoma, therefore moesin and E-cadherin might provide new targets for gene therapy in breast carcinoma.

Effects of Wolbachia on mtDNA variation and evolution in natural populations of Tetranychus urticae Koch

We investigated the effects of Wolbachia infection on mtDNA variation in spider mites by sequencing a portion of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene from 198 individuals of known infection status. Four Wolbachia strains were described in the current study, namely wUrtOri1, wUrtOri2, wUrtOri3 and wUrtCon1. As predicted, the haplotype and nucleotide diversity were lower in infected individuals than in uninfected individuals. However, these mtDNA haplotype data are not entirely concordant with the surface protein of wolbachia (wsp) sequence data and both infected and uninfected individuals were found of the same haplotype. Although values of Tajima's D and Fu & Li's F were consistently less than zero for most infected groups, McDonald-Kreitman tests suggested that the patterns of variation were different from those expected under neutrality in only the uninfected group. Thus, the neutrality tests do not show a clear effect of Wolbachia infection on patterns of mtDNA variation and substitution in spider mites.