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Gautam I, Huss CW, Storad ZA, Krebs M, Bassiouni O, Ramesh R, Wuescher LM, Worth RG. Activated Platelets Mediate Monocyte Killing of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0055622. [PMID: 36853027 PMCID: PMC10016073 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00556-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are known for essential activities in hemostasis and for their important contribution to protection against infectious pathogens. Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen widely known to cause nosocomial infections. Recently, hypervirulent strains of K. pneumoniae have been emerging, which can cause severe infections in immunocompetent individuals. Combined with the increase in antibiotic resistance, it is important to understand how K. pneumoniae affects components of the immune system. We studied the interactions of human platelets with several K. pneumoniae strains (the wild type encapsulated strain, and a nonencapsulated mutant). Thrombin-stimulated whole human and mouse blood significantly inhibited bacterial growth compared to unstimulated whole blood. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of K. pneumoniae on platelet activation. Both strains induced significant increase in activation of both unstimulated and thrombin-stimulated human platelets. Additionally, only the nonencapsulated mutant increased aggregation of platelets in response to ADP. K. pneumoniae killing assays were then performed with washed platelets in the presence or absence of thrombin. Surprisingly, washed platelets failed to exhibit any effects on the growth of K. pneumoniae. We further explored the impact of platelets on monocyte-mediated killing of K. pneumoniae. Importantly, we found that activated platelets significantly enhanced monocyte-mediated killing of K. pneumoniae. This effect was likely due to the formation of platelet-monocyte aggregates in blood upon thrombin stimulation. Overall, this study highlights the role of platelets in mediating a protective response against K. pneumoniae and reinforces the importance of platelets in modulating leukocyte behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iluja Gautam
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Chadwick W. Huss
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Zachary A. Storad
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Michelle Krebs
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Omar Bassiouni
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Rochan Ramesh
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Leah M. Wuescher
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Randall G. Worth
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Matoo S, Graves MJ, Acharya P, Choi MS, Storad ZA, Idris RAES, Pickles BK, Arvay TO, Shinder PE, Gerts A, Papish JP, Crawley SW. Comparative analysis of the MyTH4-FERM myosins reveals insights into the determinants of actin track selection in polarized epithelia. Mol Biol Cell 2021; 32:ar30. [PMID: 34473561 PMCID: PMC8693963 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e20-07-0494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
MyTH4-FERM (MF) myosins evolved to play a role in the creation and function of a variety of actin-based membrane protrusions that extend from cells. Here we performed an analysis of the MF myosins, Myo7A, Myo7B, and Myo10, to gain insight into how they select for their preferred actin networks. Using enterocytes that create spatially separated actin tracks in the form of apical microvilli and basal filopodia, we show that actin track selection is principally guided by the mode of oligomerization of the myosin along with the identity of the motor domain, with little influence from the specific composition of the lever arm. Chimeric variants of Myo7A and Myo7B fused to a leucine zipper parallel dimerization sequence in place of their native tails both selected apical microvilli as their tracks, while a truncated Myo10 used its native antiparallel coiled-coil to traffic to the tips of filopodia. Swapping lever arms between the Class 7 and 10 myosins did not change actin track preference. Surprisingly, fusing the motor-neck region of Myo10 to a leucine zipper or oligomerization sequences derived from the Myo7A and Myo7B cargo proteins USH1G and ANKS4B, respectively, re-encoded the actin track usage of Myo10 to apical microvilli with significant efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Matoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Maura J Graves
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Prashun Acharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Myoung Soo Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Zachary A Storad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | | | - Brooke K Pickles
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Taylen O Arvay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Paula E Shinder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Andrew Gerts
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Jacob P Papish
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
| | - Scott W Crawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606
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Graves MJ, Matoo S, Choi MS, Storad ZA, El Sheikh Idris RA, Pickles BK, Acharya P, Shinder PE, Arvay TO, Crawley SW. A cryptic sequence targets the adhesion complex scaffold ANKS4B to apical microvilli to promote enterocyte brush border assembly. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:12588-12604. [PMID: 32636301 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.013790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient-transporting enterocytes interact with their luminal environment using a densely packed collection of apical microvilli known as the brush border. Assembly of the brush border is controlled by the intermicrovillar adhesion complex (IMAC), a protocadherin-based complex found at the tips of brush border microvilli that mediates adhesion between neighboring protrusions. ANKS4B is known to be an essential scaffold within the IMAC, although its functional properties have not been thoroughly characterized. We report here that ANKS4B is directed to the brush border using a noncanonical apical targeting sequence that maps to a previously unannotated region of the scaffold. When expressed on its own, this sequence targeted to microvilli in the absence of any direct interaction with the other IMAC components. Sequence analysis revealed a coiled-coil motif and a putative membrane-binding basic-hydrophobic repeat sequence within this targeting region, both of which were required for the scaffold to target and mediate brush border assembly. Size-exclusion chromatography of the isolated targeting sequence coupled with in vitro brush border binding assays suggests that it functions as an oligomer. We further show that the corresponding sequence found in the closest homolog of ANKS4B, the scaffold USH1G that operates in sensory epithelia as part of the Usher complex, lacks the inherent ability to target to microvilli. This study further defines the underlying mechanism of how ANKS4B targets to the apical domain of enterocytes to drive brush border assembly and identifies a point of functional divergence between the ankyrin repeat-based scaffolds found in the IMAC and Usher complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura J Graves
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Samaneh Matoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Myoung Soo Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Zachary A Storad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Brooke K Pickles
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Prashun Acharya
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Paula E Shinder
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Taylen O Arvay
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
| | - Scott W Crawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA
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Choi MS, Graves MJ, Matoo S, Storad ZA, El Sheikh Idris RA, Weck ML, Smith ZB, Tyska MJ, Crawley SW. The small EF-hand protein CALML4 functions as a critical myosin light chain within the intermicrovillar adhesion complex. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:9281-9296. [PMID: 32209652 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.012820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized transporting and sensory epithelial cells employ homologous protocadherin-based adhesion complexes to remodel their apical membrane protrusions into organized functional arrays. Within the intestine, the nutrient-transporting enterocytes utilize the intermicrovillar adhesion complex (IMAC) to assemble their apical microvilli into an ordered brush border. The IMAC bears remarkable homology to the Usher complex, whose disruption results in the sensory disorder type 1 Usher syndrome (USH1). However, the entire complement of proteins that comprise both the IMAC and Usher complex are not yet fully elucidated. Using a protein isolation strategy to recover the IMAC, we have identified the small EF-hand protein calmodulin-like protein 4 (CALML4) as an IMAC component. Consistent with this finding, we show that CALML4 exhibits marked enrichment at the distal tips of enterocyte microvilli, the site of IMAC function, and is a direct binding partner of the IMAC component myosin-7b. Moreover, distal tip enrichment of CALML4 is strictly dependent upon its association with myosin-7b, with CALML4 acting as a light chain for this myosin. We further show that genetic disruption of CALML4 within enterocytes results in brush border assembly defects that mirror the loss of other IMAC components and that CALML4 can also associate with the Usher complex component myosin-7a. Our study further defines the molecular composition and protein-protein interaction network of the IMAC and Usher complex and may also shed light on the etiology of the sensory disorder USH1H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Soo Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | - Maura J Graves
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | - Samaneh Matoo
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | - Zachary A Storad
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
| | | | - Meredith L Weck
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240
| | - Zachary B Smith
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240
| | - Matthew J Tyska
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37240
| | - Scott W Crawley
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606
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