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Pattathil N, Moon CC, Haq Z, Law C. Systematic review of simulation-based education in strabismus assessment and management. J AAPOS 2023; 27:183-187. [PMID: 37490980 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Strabismus is a dynamic condition for which simulation-based training is valuable, given the variable complexity and relatively reduced exposure compared with other ophthalmic presentations. This study assessed the performance of simulation models available for medical training in the assessment and management of strabismus. METHODS A systematic review of relevant peer-reviewed academic databases was conducted, without publication date restrictions. English-language publications evaluating the performance of simulation models for education on strabismus were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane RoB-2 tool and CLARITY Risk of Bias Instrument for Cross-Sectional Surveys of Attitudes and Practices. Validity of evidence was evaluated using the Kirkpatrick framework. RESULTS Of the total 3,298 citations exported for title and abstract screening, 54 advanced to full-text screening, and 7 were included in final review. Model types were either dry (2), wet (4), or virtual reality (1). All models were deemed to be successful, but few standardized parameters were specified. Costs of models ranged from a few dollars (ball and wood), to moderate (non-cadaveric), to costly (virtual reality). All studies scored a moderate or high risk of bias, and the majority (4/7) of studies scored level 1 on the Kirkpatrick scale. CONCLUSIONS Research on simulation for strabismus assessment and management is limited and varied for model fidelity and testing audiences. All models were deemed individually successful compared to non-simulation-based teaching methodologies, although no direct comparisons were made. The limited evidence available suggests that low-fidelity and low-cost models can be used for trainees without sacrificing educational quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niveditha Pattathil
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Christine C Moon
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Zahra Haq
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
| | - Christine Law
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology, Queen's University and Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, Canada.
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Tietjen I, Schonhofer C, Sciorillo A, Naidu ME, Haq Z, Kannan T, Kossenkov AV, Rivera-Ortiz J, Mounzer K, Hart C, Gyampoh K, Yuan Z, Beattie KD, Rali T, Shuda McGuire K, Davis RA, Montaner LJ. The Natural Stilbenoid (-)-Hopeaphenol Inhibits HIV Transcription by Targeting Both PKC and NF-κB Signaling and Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0160022. [PMID: 36975214 PMCID: PMC10112218 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01600-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite effective combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), people living with HIV (PLWH) continue to harbor replication-competent and transcriptionally active virus in infected cells, which in turn can lead to ongoing viral antigen production, chronic inflammation, and increased risk of age-related comorbidities. To identify new agents that may inhibit postintegration HIV beyond cART, we screened a library of 512 pure compounds derived from natural products and identified (-)-hopeaphenol as an inhibitor of HIV postintegration transcription at low to submicromolar concentrations without cytotoxicity. Using a combination of global RNA sequencing, plasmid-based reporter assays, and enzyme activity studies, we document that hopeaphenol inhibits protein kinase C (PKC)- and downstream NF-κB-dependent HIV transcription as well as a subset of PKC-dependent T-cell activation markers, including interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine and CD25 and HLA-DRB1 RNA production. In contrast, it does not substantially inhibit the early PKC-mediated T-cell activation marker CD69 production of IL-6 or NF-κB signaling induced by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). We further show that hopeaphenol can inhibit cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) enzymatic activity required for HIV transcription. Finally, it inhibits HIV replication in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) infected in vitro and dampens viral reactivation in CD4+ cells from PLWH. Our study identifies hopeaphenol as a novel inhibitor that targets a subset of PKC-mediated T-cell activation pathways in addition to CDK9 to block HIV expression. Hopeaphenol-based therapies could complement current antiretroviral therapy otherwise not targeting cell-associated HIV RNA and residual antigen production in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Tietjen
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Cole Schonhofer
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | - Maya E Naidu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zahra Haq
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Karam Mounzer
- Jonathan Lax Immune Disorders Treatment Center, Philadelphia Field Initiating Group for HIV-1 Trials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Colin Hart
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kwasi Gyampoh
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zhe Yuan
- The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Karren D Beattie
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Topul Rali
- School of Natural and Physical Sciences, The University of Papua New Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Hamadani H, Bihaqi SFA, Salahuddin M, Khan AA, Sheikh IU, Haq Z, Banday MT, Adil S. The Kashmir duck: an important poultry genetic resource of India. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2023.2175345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Henna Hamadani
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - S. F. A. Bihaqi
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - M. Salahuddin
- Division of Livestock Products Technology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - A. A. Khan
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - I. U. Sheikh
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - Z. Haq
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - M. T. Banday
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
| | - S. Adil
- Division of Livestock Production and Management, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Srinagar, India
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undefined MA, Ganai AM, Ahmad HA, Beigh YA, Sheikh GG, Farooq J, Haq Z, Reshi PA. Feeding practices and nutritional status of horses in Ganderbal District of Kashmir. Journal of Livestock Science 2022. [DOI: 10.33259/jlivestsci.2022.100-106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Tietjen I, Haq Z, Naidu M, Rivera-Ortiz J, Cai Y, Beattie K, Rali T, Brumme Z, Montaner L, Davis R. Persistent HIV reservoir suppression by (-)-hopeaphenol, a plant-derived stilbenoid. J Virus Erad 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s2055-6640(20)30190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Lum KY, Carroll AR, Ekins MG, Read S, Haq Z, Tietjen I, St John J, Davis RA. Capillasterin A, a Novel Pyrano[2,3-f]chromene from the Australian Crinoid Capillaster multiradiatus. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17010026. [PMID: 30621172 PMCID: PMC6356231 DOI: 10.3390/md17010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Capillasterin A (1), a novel pyrano[2,3-f]chromene, together with seven known naphthopyrones including comaparvin (2), TMC-256C1 (3), 6-methoxycomaparvin-5- methyl ether (4), 5,8-dihydroxy-6-methoxy-2-propyl-4H-naphtho[2,3-b]pyran-4-one (5), 5,8-dihydroxy-6,10-dimethoxy-2-propyl-4H-naphtho[2,3-b]pyran-4-one (6), TMC-256A1 (7) and 6-methoxycomaparvin (8) were isolated from an EtOH/H2O extract from the Australian crinoid Capillaster multiradiatus. The structures of all the compounds were determined by detailed spectroscopic (1D/2D NMR and MS) data analysis. This is the first report of a natural product that contains the pyrano[2,3-f]chromene skeleton. Compounds 2–6 were observed to display moderate inhibition of in vitro HIV-1 replication in a T cell line with EC50 values ranging from 7.5 to 25.5 µM without concomitant cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Yean Lum
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Anthony R Carroll
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Merrick G Ekins
- Biodiversity and Geosciences, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane BC, QLD 4101, Australia.
| | - Silven Read
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Zahra Haq
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Ian Tietjen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - James St John
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4111, Australia.
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Haq Z, Jain RK, Khan N, Dar MY, Ali S, Gupta M, Varun TK. Recent advances in role of chromium and its antioxidant combinations in poultry nutrition: A review. Vet World 2016; 9:1392-1399. [PMID: 28096611 PMCID: PMC5234053 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.1392-1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry is reared in open side houses in most of the tropical countries, which results in huge temperature variation in shed causing stress resulting in increased demand of antioxidant supplementation. Since cooling of poultry houses or environment control is very expensive, thus methods focused on nutritional modifications appears to be the much logical approach. Stress increases mineral and vitamin mobilization from tissues and their excretion. Effect of some minerals and vitamin supplements such as chromium (Cr) and ascorbic acid to elevate the negative effects of environmental stress is well documented. Cr functions as an antioxidant and its deficiency are said to disrupt carbohydrate and protein metabolism. Cr has been utilized for weight gain, to improve feed conversion ratio, increase relative organ weight, muscle development, decrease cholesterol, increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and improve nutrient digestion. Therefore, the present review discusses the beneficial aspects of Cr with its effect in different doses and antioxidant combinations to explore and promote its optimum utilization in poultry nutrition and production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Haq
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu - 181 102, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - R K Jain
- Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Mhow - 453446, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - N Khan
- Division of Instructional Livestock Farm Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu - 181 102, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - M Y Dar
- Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu - 181 102, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - S Ali
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu - 181 102, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - M Gupta
- Division of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu, Jammu - 181 102, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - T K Varun
- Division of Animal Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, India
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Haq Z, Malik M, Khan W. The H1N1 influenza pandemic of 2009 in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: lessons learnt and future strategy. East Mediterr Health J 2016; 22:552-556. [PMID: 27714750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A novel strain of influenza A virus H1N1 surfaced in Mexico in April 2009 and quickly spread across the globe, turning an epidemic into a pandemic. Within two months, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an international health emergency and raised the threat bar from level V to level VI, i.e. containment to mitigation. During this time, the WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean worked closely with its Member States, other stakeholders and WHO headquarters to manage the situation. This report examines the steps taken as part of this response. Programme documents were reviewed and key personnel interviewed for this study. A hallmark of the response was the establishment of the Strategic Health Operations Centre to bring together experts from different technical backgrounds at regional level. Several lessons were learnt that can provide the basis for standard operating procedures, protocols and guidelines for emergency events in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Haq
- Johns Hopkins Center for Communication Programs, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - M Malik
- Pandemic & Epidemic Diseases, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
| | - W Khan
- Pandemic & Epidemic Diseases, WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt
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Haq Z, Mahjour J, Khan W. Report: communicable diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: prevention and control 2010-2011. East Mediterr Health J 2013. [DOI: 10.26719/2013.19.10.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Haq Z, Mahjour J, Khan W. Communicable diseases in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: prevention and control 2010-2011. East Mediterr Health J 2013; 19:888-891. [PMID: 24313154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
One-third of all morbidities and mortalities in the Eastern Mediterranean Region are attributed to communicable diseases. A continued situation of war and conflict, and growing political unrest in the Region, coupled with factors such as travel and migration, and insufficient infrastructure and inadequate technical and managerial capacity ofthe programmes are the major challenges. Despite these challenges, the Region continued making progress towards the elimination of specific diseases such as lymphatic filariasis, measles, malaria, schistosomiasis and dracunculiasis during 2010-11. Coverage for vaccine-preventable diseases was enhanced. Preparedness and response to emerging (e.g. dengue fever in Pakistan and Yemen) and re-emerging (e.g. cholera in Sudan) infections was improved. The Region has continued its efforts for controlling tuberculosis and curbing HIV/AIDS. Looking ahead, the Region aims to improve surveillance and response capacities, legislation issues, coordination, bio-risk and bio-security and quality management in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Haq
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA.
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11
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Haq Z, Akber R, Qasim I, Bushra R, Sheryar K. P4.113 Stigma, Discrimination and Undue Pressure Faced by MSM’s from the Family, Peers and Society Leading to a Double Standard Life. Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.1010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Haq Z, Khan W, Rizwan S. Advocacy, communication and social mobilisation for tuberculosis control in Pakistan: a qualitative case study. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:394-9. [PMID: 23407229 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.12.0541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING A national-level study in four districts, one each in all four provinces of Pakistan, a high tuberculosis (TB) burden country. OBJECTIVES To examine how advocacy, communication and social mobilisation (ACSM) campaigns by the National Tuberculosis Programme (NTP) in Pakistan engaged the populations of interest, to what extent they were successful in promoting services and desired behaviours, and how these campaigns could be improved. DESIGN This was a qualitative case study comprising 13 focus groups and 36 individual interviews in four districts. All three levels of the ACSM programme, i.e., planners, implementers and beneficiaries, were included among the respondents. RESULTS Improved political commitment, availability of funds, partnership with the private sector, visibility of the NTP and access to directly observed treatment (DOT) were achieved. Individual and social environmental issues of poor patients and marginalised communities were addressed to some extent, and could be improved in the future. Empathy and respect from physicians, and better service delivery of the DOTS-based programme were desired by the patients. CONCLUSIONS The strategic advocacy ensured political and financial commitment; however, identification and targeting of vulnerable populations, and carrying out context-based social mobilisation and effective counselling are crucial to increase the use of DOT. Evaluations should be built-in from the beginning to increase the evidence on effectiveness of ACSM campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Haq
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
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Haq Z, Khan W, Seita A. Promoting public-private mix for TB-DOTs: a multi-country study from the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. East Mediterr Health J 2012; 18:410-416. [PMID: 22764425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to document the implementation status of public-private mix (PPM) in 6 member countries of the World Health Organization Eastern Mediterranean Region, with a particular focus on advocacy, communication and social mobilization (ACSM) specific to PPM. Interviews and focus group discussions were held with staff of national tuberculosis control programmes and partners. Four PPM models were being practised. For all models, ACSM specific to PPM was at the elementary stage. Participants perceived that promoting private partners was difficult, specific policy guidelines were deficient and human resources and capacity for both initiatives were lacking across the region. Building ACSM capacity is required along with the development of guidelines and the implementation of country-specific communication plans to carry out local-level advocacy, strategic communication and effective social mobilization to maximize the benefits of PPM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Haq
- Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia-SC, USA.
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Haq Z, Khan W, Seita A. 410 Promoting public–private mix for TB-DOTS: a multicountry study from the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. East Mediterr Health J 2012. [DOI: 10.26719/2012.18.5.410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Knowles B, Phan C, Haq Z, Lingeman E, Deines N, Lacroix A, Shkel I, Record MT. A General Model for Solute Effects: How to Predict the Effect of Any Solute on Any Process. Biophys J 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2011.11.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Muscat M, Laverse E, Haq Z, Chahal AA, Akhtar J. Acute ischaemic ventricular inferoseptal defect in a pyretic patient: a diagnostic challenge. Case Reports 2011; 2011:bcr.07.2011.4452. [DOI: 10.1136/bcr.07.2011.4452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Haq Z, Karim SA. P896 Pre-menstrual syndrome - comparative study of working women vs. housewives. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-7292(09)62384-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Haq Z, Rahman M, Chowdhury RA, Baten MA, Khatun M. Chemical sphincterotomy--first line of treatment for chronic anal fissure. Mymensingh Med J 2005; 14:88-90. [PMID: 15695964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Anal fissure is a common disorder which may cause symptoms at any age. Internal anal sphincterotomy is the gold standard surgical treatment which lowers the resting anal pressure and effectively heals the majority of fissures. However the post operative period may be marked by surgical risks, complications and late incidence of incontinence that is some times permanent. These complications has led to a search for alternative therapies for the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Chemical sphincterotomy has been tried using a variety of novel agents including topical glyceryl trinitrate (GTN), calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine or diltiazem and botulinum toxin. Some of these agents were found to be effective in healing chronic anal fissure with negligible side effects and are now considered as first line treatment for chronic anal fissure.
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Haq Z, Rahman M, Siddique MA, Roy RK, Rahman AM, Khatun M. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha in open and laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Mymensingh Med J 2004; 13:153-6. [PMID: 15284691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Injury to the human body alters normal physiology across several systems and these alterations are proportional to the extent of the injury. Physiological response to minimally invasive surgery appears to be different than those of traditional open surgery. Acute phase protein response appears to be one example. The important cytokines that are known as major mediators of acute phase response are interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha. Thirty patients were studied in which 14 underwent open cholecystectomy and 16 laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Three blood samples were taken from each patient, one pre-operatively and 2 post operatively at 4 and 24 hours. Interleukin-6 and Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were raised significantly in post operative blood sample in both groups but the rise was much more in open group than laparoscopic group. This suggest less stress response in laparoscopic group which also showed a direct effect on patient convalescence in terms of less pain, less analgesic requirement and shorter hospital stay
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Haq
- Associate Professor of Surgery, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College
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Cowie J, Haq Z, McEwen I, Velićkovič J. Poly(alkyl itaconates): 8. Observations of dual glass transitions and crystallinity in the dialkyl ester series diheptyl to di-eicosyl. POLYMER 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(81)90043-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Cowie JMG, Haq Z, McEwen IJ. Independent relaxation of alkyl side chains in poly (di-n-heptyl itaconate): Evidence for a double glass transition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1979. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.1979.130171205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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