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Spatially and temporally understanding dynamic solid-electrolyte interfaces in carbon dioxide electroreduction. Chem Soc Rev 2023. [PMID: 37431250 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00441k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquity of solid-liquid interfaces in nature and the significant role of their atomic-scale structure in determining interfacial properties have led to intensive research. Particularly in electrocatalysis, however, a molecular-level picture that clearly describes the dynamic interfacial structures and organizations with their correlation to preferred reaction pathways in electrochemical reactions remains poorly understood. In this review, CO2 electroreduction reaction (CO2RR) is spatially and temporally understood as a result of intricate interactions at the interface, in which the interfacial features are highly relevant. We start with the discussion of current understandings and model development associated with the charged electrochemical interface as well as its dynamic landscape. We further highlight the interactive dynamics from the interfacial field, catalyst surface charges and various gradients in electrolyte and interfacial water structures at interfaces under CO2RR working conditions, with emphasis on the interfacial-structure dependence of catalytic reactivity/selectivity. Significantly, a probing energy-dependent "in situ characterization map" for dynamic interfaces based on various complementary in situ/operando techniques is proposed, aiming to present a comprehensive picture of interfacial electrocatalysis and to provide a more unified research framework. Moreover, recent milestones in both experimental and theoretical aspects to establish the correct profile of electrochemical interfaces are stressed. Finally, we present key scientific challenges with related perspectives toward future opportunities for this exciting frontier.
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Effects of dietary niacinamide and CP concentrations on the nitrogen excretion, growth performance, and meat quality of pigs. Animal 2023; 17:100869. [PMID: 37390624 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing the dietary CP concentration in the formulation of low-protein diets without adverse effects on animal growth performance and meat quality remains challenging. In this study, we investigated the effects of nicotinamide (NAM) on the nitrogen excretion, growth performance, and meat quality of growing-finishing pigs fed low-protein diets. To measure the nitrogen balance, we conducted two trials: in nitrogen balance trial 1, four crossbred (Duroc × Landrace × Large White) barrows (40 ± 0.5 kg BW) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design with four diets and periods. The diets consisted of a basal diet + 30 mg/kg NAM (a control dose), basal diet + 90 mg/kg NAM, basal diet + 210 mg/kg NAM, and basal diet + 360 mg/kg NAM. In nitrogen balance trial 2, another four barrows (40 ± 0.5 kg BW) were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square design. The diets consisted of a basal diet + including 30 mg/kg NAM (control), basal diet + 360 mg/kg NAM, low-protein diet + 30 mg/kg NAM, and low-protein diet + 360 mg/kg NAM. To measure growth performance, two trials were conducted. In growth performance trial 1, 40 barrows (37.0 ± 1.0 kg) were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments (n = 10 per group), whereas in growth performance trial 2, 300 barrows (41.4 ± 2.0 kg) were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments, with each dietary treatment conducted in five repetitions with 15 pigs each. The four diets in the two growth performance trials were similar to those in nitrogen balance trial 2. Supplementing the diet with 210 or 360 mg/kg NAM reduced urinary nitrogen excretion and total nitrogen excretion and increased nitrogen retention comparted with the control diet (P < 0.05). Compared with the control diet, the low-protein diet with 360 mg/kg NAM reduced faecal, urinary, and total nitrogen excretion (P < 0.05) without affecting nitrogen retention and average daily gain (P > 0.05). Pigs fed the low-protein diet with 360 mg/kg NAM showed a decreased intramuscular fat content in the longissimus thoracis muscle when compared with pigs fed the control diet (P > 0.05). Our results suggest NAM as a suitable dietary additive to reduce dietary CP concentration, maximise nitrogen retention and growth performance, and decrease fat deposition in pigs.
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New Radical Route and Insight for Highly Efficient Benzimidazoles Synthesis Integrated with Hydrogen Evolution. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202304306. [PMID: 37208951 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202304306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Benzimidazoles are a versatile class of scaffolds with important biological activities, whereas their synthesis in a lower-cost and more efficient manner remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a conceptually new radical route for the high-performance photoredox coupling of alcohols and diamines to synthesize benzimidazoles along with stoichiometric hydrogen (H2) over Pd-decorated ultrathin ZnO nanosheets (Pd/ZnO NSs). Mechanistic study reveals the unique advantage of ZnO NSs over other supports and particularly that the features of Pd nanoparticles in facilitating the cleavage of the α-C-H bond of alcohols and adsorbing subsequently-generated C-centered radicals hold the key to turning on the reaction. This work highlights a new insight into radical-induced efficient benzimidazoles synthesis pairing with H2 evolution by rationally designing semiconductor-based photoredox systems.
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Exposed Zinc Sites on Hybrid ZnIn2S4@CdS Nanocages for Efficient Regioselective Photocatalytic Epoxide Alcoholysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202303054. [PMID: 36988009 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202303054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic epoxide alcoholysis through C-O bond cleavage and formation has emerged as an alternative to synthesizing anti-tumoral pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. However, the lack of crucial evidence to interpret the interaction between reactants and photocatalyst surface makes it challenging for photocatalytic epoxide alcoholysis with both high activity and regioselectivity. In this work, we report the hierarchical ZnIn2S4@CdS photocatalyst for epoxide alcoholysis with high regioselectivity nearly 100%. Mechanistic studies unveil that the precise activation switch on exposed Zn acid sites for C-O bond polarization and cleavage has a critical significance for achieving efficient photocatalytic performance. Furthermore, the establishment of Z-scheme heterojunction facilitates the interface charge separation and transfer. Remarkably, the underlying regioselective photocatalytic reaction pathway has been distinctly revealed.
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Exposed Zinc Sites on Hybrid ZnIn2S4@CdS Nanocages for Efficient Regioselective Photocatalytic Epoxide Alcoholysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202303054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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6
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Near Field Scattering Optical Model-Based Catalyst Design for Artificial Photoredox Transformation. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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7
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Photoredox-Catalyzed Plastic Waste Conversion: Nonselective Degradation versus Selective Synthesis. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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Heterostructure-Engineered Semiconductor Quantum Dots toward Photocatalyzed-Redox Cooperative Coupling Reaction. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2023; 6:0073. [PMID: 36930756 PMCID: PMC10013965 DOI: 10.34133/research.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor quantum dots have been emerging as one of the most ideal materials for artificial photosynthesis. Here, we report the assembled ZnS-CdS hybrid heterostructure for efficient coupling cooperative redox catalysis toward the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol to acetophenone/2,3-diphenyl-2,3-butanediol (pinacol) integrated with the reduction of protons to H2. The strong interaction and typical type-I band-position alignment between CdS quantum dots and ZnS quantum dots result in efficient separation and transfer of electron-hole pairs, thus distinctly enhancing the coupled photocatalyzed-redox activity and stability. The optimal ZnS-CdS hybrid also delivers a superior performance for various aromatic alcohol coupling photoredox reaction, and the ratio of electrons and holes consumed in such redox reaction is close to 1.0, indicating a high atom economy of cooperative coupling catalysis. In addition, by recycling the scattered light in the near field of a SiO2 sphere, the SiO2-supported ZnS-CdS (denoted as ZnS-CdS/SiO2) catalyst can further achieve a 3.5-fold higher yield than ZnS-CdS hybrid. Mechanistic research clarifies that the oxidation of 1-phenylethanol proceeds through the pivotal radical intermediates of •C(CH3)(OH)Ph. This work is expected to promote the rational design of semiconductor quantum dots-based heterostructured catalysts for coupling photoredox catalysis in organic synthesis and clean fuels production.
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Fatigue Detection of Pilots' Brain Through Brains Cognitive Map and Multilayer Latent Incremental Learning Model. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CYBERNETICS 2022; 52:12302-12314. [PMID: 33961575 DOI: 10.1109/tcyb.2021.3068300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work proposes a nonparametric prior induced deep sum-logarithmic-multinomial mixture (DSLMM) model to detect pilots' cognitive states through the developed brain power map. DSLMM uses multinormal distribution to infer the latent variable of each neuron in the first layer of the network. These latent variables obeyed a sum-logarithmic distribution that is backpropagated to its observation vector and the number of neurons in the next layer. Multinormal distribution is used to segment the extended observation vector to form a matrix associated with the width of the next layer. This work also proposes an adaptive topic-layer stochastic gradient Riemann (ATL-SGR) Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) inference method to learn its global parameters without heuristic assumptions. The experimental results indicate that DSLMM can extract more probability distribution contained in the brain power map layer by layer, and achieve higher pilot cognition detection accuracy.
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Interfacial engineering of CdS for efficient coupling photoredox. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Engineering Semiconductor Quantum Dots for Selectivity Switch on High-Performance Heterogeneous Coupling Photosynthesis. ACS NANO 2022; 16:17444-17453. [PMID: 36170635 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c08652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor-based photoredox catalysis brings an innovative strategy for sustainable organic transformation (e.g., C-C/C-X bond formation), via radical coupling under mild conditions. However, since semiconductors interact with photogenerated radicals unselectively, the precise control of selectivity for such organic synthesis by steering radical conversion is extremely challenging. Here, by the judicious design of a structurally well-defined and atomically dispersed cocatalyst over semiconductor quantum dots, we demonstrate the precise selectivity switch on high-performance selective heterogeneous coupling photosynthesis of a C-C bond or a C-N bond along with hydrogen production over the Ni-oxo cluster and single Pd atom-decorated CdS quantum dots crafted onto the SiO2 support. Mechanistic studies unveil that the Ph(•CH)NH2 and PhCH2NH2•+ act as dominant radical intermediates for such divergent organic synthesis of C-C coupled vicinal diamines and C-N coupled imines, as respectively enabled by Ni-oxo clusters assisted radical-radical coupling and single Pd atom-assisted radical addition-elimination. This work overcomes the pervasive difficulties of selectivity regulation in semiconductor-based photochemical synthesis, highlighting a vista of utilizing atomically dispersed cocatalysts as active sites to maneuver unselective radical conversion by engineering quantum dots toward selective heterogeneous photosynthesis.
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Photocatalytic selective oxidation of aromatic alcohols coupled with hydrogen evolution over CdS/WO3 composites. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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13
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Multifunctional graphene-based composite photocatalysts oriented by multifaced roles of graphene in photocatalysis. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63871-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Nanoscale Assembly of CdS/BiVO 4 Hybrids for Coupling Selective Fine Chemical Synthesis and Hydrogen Production under Visible Light. ACS PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY AU 2022; 2:216-224. [PMID: 36855572 PMCID: PMC9718317 DOI: 10.1021/acsphyschemau.1c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simultaneously utilizing photogenerated electrons and holes in one photocatalytic system to synthesize value-added chemicals and clean hydrogen (H2) energy meets the development requirements of green chemistry. Herein, we report a binary material of CdS/BiVO4 combining one-dimensional (1D) CdS nanorods (NRs) with two-dimensional (2D) BiVO4 nanosheets (NSs) constructed through a facile electrostatic self-assembly procedure for the selectively photocatalytic oxidation of aromatic alcohols integrated with H2 production, which exhibits significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance. Within 2 h, the conversion of aromatic alcohols over CdS/BiVO4-25 was approximately 9-fold and 40-fold higher than that over pure CdS and BiVO4, respectively. The remarkably improved photoactivity of CdS/BiVO4 hybrids is mainly ascribed to the Z-scheme charge separation mechanism in the 1D/2D heterostructure derived from the interface contact between CdS and BiVO4, which not only facilitates the separation and transfer of charge carriers, but also maintains the strong reducibility of photogenerated electrons and strong oxidizability of photogenerated holes. It is anticipated that this work will further stimulate interest in the rational design of 1D/2D Z-scheme heterostructure photocatalysts for the selective fine chemical synthesis integrated with H2 evolution.
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Benzyl alcohol oxidation and hydrogen generation over MoS2/ZnIn2S4 composite photocatalyst. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-021-04636-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Enhanced ambient ammonia photosynthesis by Mo-doped Bi5O7Br nanosheets with light-switchable oxygen vacancies. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63837-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Cooperative Coupling of Oxidative Organic Synthesis and Hydrogen Production over Semiconductor-Based Photocatalysts. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13051-13085. [PMID: 34378934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Merging hydrogen (H2) evolution with oxidative organic synthesis in a semiconductor-mediated photoredox reaction is extremely attractive because the clean H2 fuel and high-value chemicals can be coproduced under mild conditions using light as the sole energy input. Following this dual-functional photocatalytic strategy, a dreamlike reaction pathway for constructing C-C/C-X (X = C, N, O, S) bonds from abundant and readily available X-H bond-containing compounds with concomitant release of H2 can be readily fulfilled without the need of external chemical reagents, thus offering a green and fascinating organic synthetic strategy. In this review, we begin by presenting a concise overview on the general background of traditional photocatalytic H2 production and then focus on the fundamental principles of cooperative photoredox coupling of selective organic synthesis and H2 production by simultaneous utilization of photoexcited electrons and holes over semiconductor-based catalysts to meet the economic and sustainability goal. Thereafter, we put dedicated emphasis on recent key progress of cooperative photoredox coupling of H2 production and various selective organic transformations, including selective alcohol oxidation, selective methane conversion, amines oxidative coupling, oxidative cross-coupling, cyclic alkanes dehydrogenation, reforming of lignocellulosic biomass, and so on. Finally, the remaining challenges and future perspectives in this flourishing area have been critically discussed. It is anticipated that this review will provide enlightening guidance on the rational design of such dual-functional photoredox reaction system, thereby stimulating the development of economical and environmentally benign solar fuel generation and organic synthesis of value-added fine chemicals.
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Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) has been widely utilized as the precursor of graphene (GR) to fabricate GR-based hybrid photocatalysts for solar-to-chemical energy conversion. However, until now, the properties and roles that GO played in heterogeneous photocatalysis have remained relatively elusive. In this Review, we start with a brief discussion of synthesis and structure of GO. Then, the photocatalysis-related properties of GO, including electrical conductivity, surface chemistry, dispersibility, and semiconductor properties, are concisely summarized. In particular, we have highlighted the fundamental multifaceted roles of GO in heterogeneous photocatalysis, which contain the precursor of GR, cross-linked framework for constructing aerogel photocatalyst, macromolecular surfactant, two-dimensional growth template, and photocatalyst by itself. Furthermore, the future prospects and remaining challenges on developing effective GO-derived hybrid photocatalysts are presented, which is expected to inspire further research into this promising research domain.
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Coupling Strategy for CO 2 Valorization Integrated with Organic Synthesis by Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:21150-21172. [PMID: 33908154 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to solar fuels and/or fine chemicals is a promising way to increase the energy supply and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. However, the conventional reaction system for CO2 photoreduction with pure H2 O or sacrificial agents usually suffers from low catalytic efficiency, poor stability, or cost-ineffective atom economy. A recent surge of developments, in which photocatalytic CO2 valorization is integrated with selective organic synthesis into one reaction system, indicates an efficient modus operandi that enables sufficient utilization of photogenerated electrons and holes to achieve the goals for sustainable economic and social development. In this Review we discuss current advances in cooperative photoredox reaction systems that integrate CO2 valorization with organics upgrading based on heterogeneous photocatalysis. The applications and virtues of this strategy and the underlying reaction mechanisms are discussed. The ongoing challenges and prospects in this area are critically discussed.
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Nanostructured metal phosphides: from controllable synthesis to sustainable catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:7539-7586. [PMID: 34002737 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00323b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Metal phosphides (MPs) with unique and desirable physicochemical properties provide promising potential in practical applications, such as the catalysis, gas/humidity sensor, environmental remediation, and energy storage fields, especially for transition metal phosphides (TMPs) and MPs consisting of group IIIA and IVA metal elements. Most studies, however, on the synthesis of MP nanomaterials still face intractable challenges, encompassing the need for a more thorough understanding of the growth mechanism, strategies for large-scale synthesis of targeted high-quality MPs, and practical achievement of functional applications. This review aims at providing a comprehensive update on the controllable synthetic strategies for MPs from various metal sources. Additionally, different passivation strategies for engineering the structural and electronic properties of MP nanostructures are scrutinized. Then, we showcase the implementable applications of MP-based materials in emerging sustainable catalytic fields including electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, mild thermocatalysis, and related hybrid systems. Finally, we offer a rational perspective on future opportunities and remaining challenges for the development of MPs in the materials science and sustainable catalysis fields.
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Efficient Photoredox-Mediated C–C Coupling Organic Synthesis and Hydrogen Production over Engineered Semiconductor Quantum Dots. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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[Protective effect and mechanism of mild hypothermia on liver injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in pigs]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2020; 100:2785-2790. [PMID: 32972061 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20200514-01539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia therapy on liver after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods: Thirty-three inbred Chinese Wuzhishan (WZS) minipigs, weighted (28±2) kg, were used to establish a ventricular fibrillation model. And 30 animals survived after cardiopulmonary resuscitation reached basic life support. The surviving animals were randomly divided into two groups: mild hypothermia group (group M, n=15) and conventional treatment group (group C, n=15). All the animals were observed for 24 hours. Blood samples were extracted at baseline, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 12 and 24 h after successful resuscitation. The concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected at the time points. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). The data were compared between the two groups, LSD test was used when the variance was homogeneous, and Tamhane T2 test was used when the variance was uneven. Results: Eleven pigs (73.3%) in the group M and 8(53.3%) in the group C survived at 24 h after successful resuscitation, with no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ(2)=1.229, P=0.225). After successful resuscitation, the AST, ALT increased in both group but less in M group (all P<0.05). After successful resuscitation, the concentrations of TFN-α and IL-6 in the blood increased in both groups, reached the peak at 4h, and then decreased gradually. The concentrations of TFN-α in group M were lower than those in group C at 0.5, 2, 4 and 6 h after successful resuscitation (t=0.01, 0.01, 0.87, 0.86, all P<0.05). The concentrations of IL-6 in the group M were lower than those in group C at 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 h after successful resuscitation (t=0.23, 0.78, 0.11, 0.80, all P<0.05). Conclusions: After successful resuscitation, the release of inflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and cell apoptosis may involve in liver ischemia reperfusion injury. After successful resuscitation, the liver undergoes ischemia-reperfusion injury, which may be related to the release of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-α and IL-6. Mild hypothermia therapy can prevent the release of TNF-α, IL-6 to reduce the degree of liver damage after resuscitation.
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[Epidemiological investigation of a family clustering of COVID-19]. ZHONGHUA LIU XING BING XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA LIUXINGBINGXUE ZAZHI 2020; 41:629-633. [PMID: 32149484 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112338-20200223-00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of a family clustering of COVID-19. Methods: Field epidemiological survey was conducted. Results: Case 1 of the long-term residents from Hubei province was the source of infection of this family clustering. There were 6 cases (from case 2 to case 7) infected in the whole incubation period. The incubation period was more than 14 days for 3 of the second-generation cases. Routes of transmission included respiratory droplets (from case 1 transmitted to case 6, from case 1 to her family members) and close contact (from case 1 to other cases in her family). All the age groups were generally susceptible, while elderly were easier to progress to critically ill. Besides respiratory symptoms, there were also gastrointestinal symptoms, of which diarrhea was the most common one. Conclusions: Family clustering had been an important part for COVID-19 cases.
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A unique coordination-driven route for the precise nanoassembly of metal sulfides on metal-organic frameworks. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:714-719. [PMID: 32226984 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00769e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Incorporating different materials, such as metal sulfides, with metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to develop MOF-based multifunctional composites with enhanced performance is an important area of research. However, the intrinsically high interfacial energy barrier significantly restricts the heterogeneous nucleation and nanoassembly of metal sulfides onto MOFs during the wet chemistry synthesis process. Herein, taking advantage of the natural tailorability of MOFs, the precise and controllable growth of metal sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) (CdS, ZnS, CuS and Ag2S) at the coordinatively unsaturated metal sites (CUSs) of MOFs to form MOF@metal sulfide composites under mild conditions is achieved via a cysteamine-assisted coordination-driven route. During the process, the molecular linker of cysteamine, possessing one amino group for chelating with the CUSs of the MOF and one thiol group as a docking site to anchor metal ions, plays a prominent role in enhancing interfacial interactions between the MOF and metal ions. The subsequent S2- anion exchange process leads to intimate surface-attached nucleation and epitaxial growth of metal sulfide NPs on the surface of the MOF. The as-formed composites exhibit enhanced charge separation and transfer capability, and thus boost photocatalytic performance. This general and simple approach provides a new avenue for the design of MOF-metal sulfide hybrids.
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Switching Light for Site-Directed Spatial Loading of Cocatalysts onto Heterojunction Photocatalysts with Boosted Redox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b05420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Surface-defect-engineered photocatalyst for nitrogen fixation into value-added chemical feedstocks. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01227k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Surface-defect-engineered photocatalyst for nitrogen fixation.
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3D graphene-based gel photocatalysts for environmental pollutants degradation. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 253:365-376. [PMID: 31325881 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.06.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Enormous research interest is devoted to fabricating three-dimensional graphene-based gels (3D GBGs) toward improved conversion of solar energy by virtue of the intrinsic properties of single graphene and 3D porous structure characteristics. Here, this concise minireview is primarily focused on the recent progress on applications of 3D GBGs, including aerogels and hydrogels, in photocatalytic degradation of pollutants from water and air, such as organic pollutants, heavy metal ions, bacteria and gaseous pollutants. In particular, the preponderances of 3D GBG photocatalysts for environmental pollutants degradation have been elaborated. Furthermore, in addition to discussing opportunities offered by 3D GBG composite photocatalysts, we also describe the existing problems and the future direction of 3D GBG materials in this burgeoning research area. It is hoped that this review could spur multidisciplinary research interest for advancing the rational utilization of 3D GBGs for practical applications in environmental remediation.
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Efficient visible-light-driven water remediation by 3D graphene aerogel-supported nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.10.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Earth-Abundant MoS 2 and Cobalt Phosphate Dual Cocatalysts on 1D CdS Nanowires for Boosting Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:11056-11065. [PMID: 31365263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cocatalysts play a significant role in accelerating the catalytic reactions of semiconductor photocatalyst. In particular, a semiconductor assembled with dual cocatalysts, i.e., reduction and oxidation cocatalysts, can obviously enhance the photocatalytic performance because of the synergistic effect of fast consumption of photogenerated electrons and holes simultaneously. However, in most cases, noble metal cocatalysts are employed, which tremendously increases the cost of the photocatalysts and restricts their large-scale applications. Herein, on the platform of one-dimensional (1D) CdS nanowires, we have utilized the earth-abundant dual cocatalysts, MoS2 and cobalt phosphate (Co-Pi), to construct the CdS@MoS2@Co-Pi (CMC) core-shell hybrid photocatalysts. In this dual-cocatalyst system, Co-Pi is in a position to expedite the migration of holes from CdS, while MoS2 acts as an electron transporter as well as active sites to accelerate the surface water reduction reaction. Taking the advantages of the dual-cocatalyst system, the prepared CMC hybrid shows an obvious enhancement of both the photoactivity and photostability toward hydrogen production compared with bare 1D CdS nanowires and binary hybrids (CdS@MoS2 and CdS@Co-Pi). This work highlights the promising prospects for rational utilization of earth-abundant dual cocatalysts to design low-cost and efficient hybrids toward boosting photoredox catalysis.
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Photocorrosion Inhibition of Semiconductor-Based Photocatalysts: Basic Principle, Current Development, and Future Perspective. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Efficient photoredox conversion of alcohol to aldehyde and H 2 by heterointerface engineering of bimetal-semiconductor hybrids. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3514-3522. [PMID: 30996942 PMCID: PMC6432391 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05813j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Controllable and precise design of bimetal- or multimetal-semiconductor nanostructures with efficient light absorption, charge separation and utilization is strongly desired for photoredox catalysis applications in solar energy conversion. Taking advantage of Au nanorods, Pt nanoparticles, and CdS as the plasmonic metal, nonplasmonic co-catalyst and semiconductor respectively, we report a steerable approach to engineer the heterointerface of bimetal-semiconductor hybrids. We show that the ingredient composition and spatial distribution between the bimetal and semiconductor significantly influence the redox catalytic activity. CdS deposited anisotropic Pt-tipped Au nanorods, which feature improved light absorption, structure-enhanced electric field distribution and spatially regulated multichannel charge transfer, show distinctly higher photoactivity than blank CdS and other metal-CdS hybrids for simultaneous H2 and value-added aldehyde production from one redox cycle.
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Ti 3C 2T x-Based Three-Dimensional Hydrogel by a Graphene Oxide-Assisted Self-Convergence Process for Enhanced Photoredox Catalysis. ACS NANO 2019; 13:295-304. [PMID: 30507143 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b06136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Assembly of two-dimensional (2D) layered structures into three-dimensional (3D) macroscopic hydrogel has been an enduring attracting research theme. However, the anisotropic intersheet cross-linking to form Ti3C2T x MXene-based hydrogel remains intrinsically challenging because of the superior hydrophilic nature of 2D Ti3C2T x. Herein, Ti3C2T x MXene is ingeniously assembled into the 3D macroscopic hydrogel under mild conditions by a graphene oxide (GO)-assisted self-convergence process. During the process, GO is reduced to reduced graphene oxide (RGO) by virtue of the reduction ability of Ti3C2T x, leading to the partial removal of hydrophilic oxygen-containing groups and an increase of the hydrophobicity and the π-conjugated structures of RGO, which enables the assembly of RGO into a 3D RGO framework. Simultaneously, Ti3C2T x is self-converged to be incorporated into the RGO framework by intimate interfacial interactions, thereby generating Ti3C2T x-based hydrogel. The hydrogel with interconnected porous structure holds great potential as a promising material platform for photoredox catalysis. With the incorporation of Eosin Y photosensitizer, the functional Ti3C2T x-based hydrogel exhibits enhanced photoactivity compared to the powder counterpart and features easy operability. This work enriches the rational utilization of GO/MXene colloid chemistry to design Ti3C2T x MXene-based hydrogels with improved overall efficacy in practical applications.
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Tunable plasmonic core-shell heterostructure design for broadband light driven catalysis. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8914-8922. [PMID: 30746116 PMCID: PMC6335626 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04479a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable effort has been devoted to manipulating the optical absorption of metal nanostructures for diverse applications. However, it still remains a challenge to develop a general and flexible method to promote broadband absorption of metal nanostructures without changing their size and shape. Here, we report a new strategy of hybridizing two conceptually different optical models to realize broadband absorption enhancement of metal nanoparticles (NPs), which is enabled by constructing a core-shell heterostructure, consisting of a spherical dielectric core covered by a metal NPs interlayer and tunable semiconductor shell. This approach integrates the interfacial photon management, photoexcitation of metal NPs and injection of hot charge carriers into the semiconductor shell, and results in distinctly enhanced hot charge carrier generation and transfer, thereby boosting the broad-spectrum light driven catalysis. The structure-plasmon-catalysis interplay of the heterostructure is comprehensively studied and optimized. This proof-of-concept proves to be generally feasible by varying the type of both metal NPs and support medium, opening a new avenue to control the optoelectronic properties of materials.
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An adaptive geometry regulation strategy for 3D graphene materials: towards advanced hybrid photocatalysts. Chem Sci 2018; 9:8876-8882. [PMID: 30627406 PMCID: PMC6296298 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc03679a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional graphene (3DG) is promising for constructing monolithic photocatalysts for solar energy conversion. However, the structure-associated light-shielding effect and the intricate porous architecture of 3DG result in intrinsic limitations in light penetration and mass transfer over 3DG supported hybrids, which restricts their photocatalytic efficiency. Here, taking 3DG-organic hybrids as examples, we report a geometry regulation strategy to minimize such structural restrictions, which not only favors the interaction between light and the photoactive component, but also facilitates reactant adsorption over the 3DG-organic hybrids, thereby cooperatively boosting their photoactivity. Such an adaptive geometry regulation strategy is expected to guide the rational utilization of 3DG to construct high-performance hybrids for photoredox catalysis.
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Constructing film composites of silicon nanowires@CdS quantum dot arrays with ameliorated photocatalytic performance. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj02883d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The film composites of n-type CdS QD decorated p-type silicon nanowire arrays are assembled toward H2 evolution with improved photoactivity and photostability.
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Upregulation of miR-3658 in bladder cancer and tumor progression. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2016; 15:gmr-15-gmr15049048. [PMID: 27820650 DOI: 10.4238/gmr15049048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Despite increasing advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant chemotherapies, bladder cancer remains the ninth leading cause of male malignancy-associated deaths worldwide. Several microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to be closely associated with the progression and prognosis of, and response to treatments in various human cancers. However, few studies have investigated the role of miR-3658 in bladder cancer. In this study, we examined the expression of miR-3658 in 96 pairs of bladder cancer tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues via quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results showed that expression of miR-3658 was up-regulated in the bladder cancer tissues as compared with that in the corresponding control tissues (4.15 ± 2.78 vs 2.17 ± 1.14; P < 0.0001). Furthermore, higher miR-3658 expression was significantly associated with lymph node invasion, distant metastasis, histological grade, TNM stage, and tumor recurrence in bladder cancer (all P < 0.0001). miR-3658 expression was not associated with other clinicopathological variables such as age, gender, tumor size, and number (all P > 0.05). Our study revealed that miR-3658 overexpression is involved in tumor progression of bladder cancer, indicating that the miRNA possesses prognostic values.
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New insight into the enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity over boron-doped reduced graphene oxide. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:7030-7034. [PMID: 25415859 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr05879h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Boron-doped reduced graphene oxide (B-RGO) synthesized by a facile one-step reflux route is able to exhibit significantly higher photocatalytic activity than non-doped RGO under visible light irradiation. New insights accounting for this photocatalytic activity improvement are discussed, which is distinctly different from the case of B-RGO nanoribbons under UV light irradiation.
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Two-dimensional MoS₂ nanosheet-coated Bi₂S₃ discoids: synthesis, formation mechanism, and photocatalytic application. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:4314-4322. [PMID: 25625414 DOI: 10.1021/la504549y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Myriad materials with desirable functional property resulting from their unique structures ignite enormous interest in synthesizing materials with controlled structural morphology toward achieving novel or enhanced properties for target applications. Herein, the novel and unique two-dimensional (2D) MoS2 nanosheet-coated Bi2S3 discoids composites, which feature a Bi2S3-core/MoS2-shell structure, have been elaborated via a facile anion-exchange strategy. Using the MoS2 nanosheets to coat the surface of Bi2S3 discoids boosts the light-harvesting efficiency and charge separation and promotes faster charge transport and collection, thus leading to the higher activity of the photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI) under visible light irradiation (λ > 400 nm). In particular, the phase evolution and possible formation mechanism of the MoS2-Bi2S3 core-shell structure have been explored by virtue of temperature- and time-dependent experiments. It is anticipated that this work could promote further interest in adopting an anion-exchange strategy to fabricate semiconductor-based composite materials with controlled architectural morphology and enhanced photocatalytic performance toward diverse applications.
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Constructing one-dimensional silver nanowire-doped reduced graphene oxide integrated with CdS nanowire network hybrid structures toward artificial photosynthesis. NANOSCALE 2015; 7:861-866. [PMID: 25273001 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04229h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A ternary hybrid structure of one-dimensional (1D) silver nanowire-doped reduced graphene oxide (RGO) integrated with a CdS nanowire (NW) network has been fabricated via a simple electrostatic self-assembly method followed by a hydrothermal reduction process. The electrical conductivity of RGO can be significantly enhanced by opening up new conduction channels by bridging the high resistance grain-boundaries (HGBs) with 1D Ag nanowires, which results in a prolonged lifetime of photo-generated charge carriers excited from the CdS NW network, thus making Ag NW-RGO an efficient co-catalyst with the CdS NW network toward artificial photosynthesis.
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Abstract
The current status, future developments, and challenges of one-dimension-based spatially ordered architectures in solar energy conversion are discussed and elucidated.
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One-dimensional CdS nanowires–CeO2 nanoparticles composites with boosted photocatalytic activity. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj00976f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The one-dimensional CdS nanowires–CeO2 nanoparticles composites exhibit enhanced visible-light-driven photoactivity toward selective reduction of nitroaromatics and water splitting to hydrogen.
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1D CdS nanowire–2D BiVO4 nanosheet heterostructures toward photocatalytic selective fine-chemical synthesis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra16397d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The CdS–BiVO4 1D/2D composite is fabricated by a simple electrostatic self-assembly methodology, which exhibits a significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance as compared to bare 1D CdS and 2D BiVO4.
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Enhanced effect of β-tricalcium phosphate phase on neovascularization of porous calcium phosphate ceramics: in vitro and in vivo evidence. Acta Biomater 2015; 11:435-48. [PMID: 25246313 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2014] [Revised: 09/11/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neovascularization plays a key role in bone repair and regeneration. In the present study, four types of porous calcium phosphate (CaP) ceramics, namely hydroxyapatite (HA), biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP-1 and BCP-2) and β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), with HA to β-TCP ratios of 100/0, 70/30, 30/70 and 2/98, respectively, were investigated in terms of their angiogenic induction. The in vitro cell culture revealed that the ceramics could promote proliferation and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). This result could be achieved by stimulating CCD-18Co human fibroblasts to secrete angiogenic factors (vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor-β) as a paracrine effect, as well as by up-regulating HUVECs to express these angiogenic factors and their receptors (KDR, FGFR1 and ACVRL1) and the downstream eNOS as an autocrine effect. These effects were more significant in β-TCP and BCP-2, which had a higher content of β-TCP phase. In the in vivo implantation into the thigh muscles of mice, the process of neovascularization of the ceramics was initiated at 2 weeks and the mature vascular networks were formed at 4 weeks as visualized by hematoxylin and eosin staining and scanning electron microscopy. Microvessel density count confirmed that β-TCP and BCP-2 induced more microvessels to form than HA or BCP-1. This phenomenon was further confirmed by the significantly up-regulated expressions of angiogenesis-related genes in the ingrowth of cells into the inner pores of the two ceramics. All the results confirmed the angiogenic induction of porous CaP ceramics, and a higher content of β-TCP phase had an enhanced effect on the neovascularization of the ceramics.
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Toward improving the photocatalytic activity of BiVO4–graphene 2D–2D composites under visible light by the addition of mediator. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra09257k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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