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Batterbury A, Douglas C, Coyer F. Patient outcomes following medical emergency team review on general wards: Development of predictive models. J Clin Nurs 2024. [PMID: 38356199 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.17029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
AIM To develop and internally validate risk prediction models for subsequent clinical deterioration, unplanned ICU admission and death among ward patients following medical emergency team (MET) review. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study of 1500 patients who remained on a general ward following MET review at an Australian quaternary hospital. METHOD Logistic regression was used to model (1) subsequent MET review within 48 h, (2) unplanned ICU admission within 48 h and (3) hospital mortality. Models included demographic, clinical and illness severity variables. Model performance was evaluated using discrimination and calibration with optimism-corrected bootstrapped estimates. Findings are reported using the TRIPOD guideline for multivariable prediction models for prognosis or diagnosis. There was no patient or public involvement in the development and conduct of this study. RESULTS Within 48 h of index MET review, 8.3% (n = 125) of patients had a subsequent MET review, 7.2% (n = 108) had an unplanned ICU admission and in-hospital mortality was 16% (n = 240). From clinically preselected predictors, models retained age, sex, comorbidity, resuscitation limitation, acuity-dependency profile, MET activation triggers and whether the patient was within 24 h of hospital admission, ICU discharge or surgery. Models for subsequent MET review, unplanned ICU admission, and death had adequate accuracy in development and bootstrapped validation samples. CONCLUSION Patients requiring MET review demonstrate complex clinical characteristics and the majority remain on the ward after review for deterioration. A risk score could be used to identify patients at risk of poor outcomes after MET review and support general ward clinical decision-making. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Our risk calculator estimates risk for patient outcomes following MET review using clinical data available at the bedside. Future validation and implementation could support evidence-informed team communication and patient placement decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Batterbury
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- School of Nursing/Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
| | - Clint Douglas
- School of Nursing/Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- Metro North Hospital and Health Service, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona Coyer
- Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia
- School of Nursing/Centre for Healthcare Transformation, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove, Queensland, Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Brown TP, Duff TJ, Inbar A, Lane PNJ, Sheridan GJ. Forest reorganisation effects on fuel moisture content can exceed changes due to climate warming in wet temperate forests. Glob Chang Biol 2024; 30:e17023. [PMID: 37929811 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.17023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
The distributions of vegetation and fire activity are changing rapidly in response to climate warming. In many regions, climate effects on dead fuel moisture content (FMC) are expected to increase future wildfire activity. However, forest FMC is largely driven by microclimate conditions, which are moderated from open weather by vegetation canopies. As shifts in vegetation increase under climate warming, the extent to which future fire activity will be driven by climate directly or associated vegetation shifts remains unresolved. Here, we present a study aimed at quantifying the relative magnitudes of (i) direct climate warming, and (ii) vegetation change, on FMC. Field sites to evaluate these effects were established in a natural laboratory of altered forest states to mature wet temperate forest in south-eastern Australia. FMC was estimated using a process-based model and 48 years of reconstructed climate data. Canopy effects on microclimate were captured by transferring inputs from climate to microclimate using models parameterised with field observations. To evaluate the relative magnitude of climate and vegetation effects, we calculated the maximum difference in mean annual FMC across annual climate replicates and compared this to FMC differences across reorganising forest sites. Our results show vegetation effects on FMC can exceed those related to expected climate change. Changes to forest structure and composition increased (+15.7%) and decreased (-12.3%) mean annual FMC, with a larger negative effect when forest cover was completely removed (-18.5%). In contrast, the largest climate effect on FMC was -6.6% across 48-years of data. Our study demonstrates that the magnitude of vegetation effects on FMC can exceed expected climate change effects. Models of future fire activity that do not account for changing vegetation effects on microclimate are omitting a key biophysical control on FMC and therefore may not be accurately predicting future fire activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan P Brown
- US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory, Missoula, Montana, USA
| | - Thomas J Duff
- Fire Risk, Research and Community Preparedness, Country Fire Authority, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
| | - Assaf Inbar
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Patrick N J Lane
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gary J Sheridan
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Mills JMZ, Luscombe GM, Hugh TJ. The ANZ hernia repair practices study: improving informed consent and surgeon-patient communication. ANZ J Surg 2023; 93:2792-2795. [PMID: 37583354 DOI: 10.1111/ans.18646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna M Z Mills
- Northern Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Georgina M Luscombe
- The University of Sydney School of Rural Health, Sydney Medical School, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Thomas J Hugh
- Northern Clinical School, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Upper Gastrointestinal Surgical Unit, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Balka KR, Venkatraman R, Saunders TL, Shoppee A, Pang ES, Magill Z, Homman-Ludiye J, Huang C, Lane RM, York HM, Tan P, Schittenhelm RB, Arumugam S, Kile BT, O'Keeffe M, De Nardo D. Termination of STING responses is mediated via ESCRT-dependent degradation. EMBO J 2023:e112712. [PMID: 37139896 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
cGAS-STING signalling is induced by detection of foreign or mislocalised host double-stranded (ds)DNA within the cytosol. STING acts as the major signalling hub, where it controls production of type I interferons and inflammatory cytokines. Basally, STING resides on the ER membrane. Following activation STING traffics to the Golgi to initiate downstream signalling and subsequently to endolysosomal compartments for degradation and termination of signalling. While STING is known to be degraded within lysosomes, the mechanisms controlling its delivery remain poorly defined. Here we utilised a proteomics-based approach to assess phosphorylation changes in primary murine macrophages following STING activation. This identified numerous phosphorylation events in proteins involved in intracellular and vesicular transport. We utilised high-temporal microscopy to track STING vesicular transport in live macrophages. We subsequently identified that the endosomal complexes required for transport (ESCRT) pathway detects ubiquitinated STING on vesicles, which facilitates the degradation of STING in murine macrophages. Disruption of ESCRT functionality greatly enhanced STING signalling and cytokine production, thus characterising a mechanism controlling effective termination of STING signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Balka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Rajan Venkatraman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Tahnee L Saunders
- Ubiquitin Signalling Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Vic., Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Angus Shoppee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Ee Shan Pang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Zoe Magill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Jihane Homman-Ludiye
- Monash Micro Imaging, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Rachael M Lane
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Harrison M York
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Peck Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Ralf B Schittenhelm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Facility, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Senthil Arumugam
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- European Molecular Biological Laboratory Australia (EMBL Australia), Monash University, Clayton/Melbourne, Vic., Australia
| | - Benjamin T Kile
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Meredith O'Keeffe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
| | - Dominic De Nardo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic., Australia
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