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Bansal M, Bansal M, Bahrami A, Krishan B, Garg R, Özkılıç YO, Althaqafi E. Influence of pozzolanic addition on strength and microstructure of metakaolin-based concrete. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298761. [PMID: 38598491 PMCID: PMC11006177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The intent of this study is to explore the physical properties and long-term performance of concrete made with metakaolin (MK) as a binder, using microsilica (MS) and nanosilica (NS) as substitutes for a portion of the ordinary Portland cement (OPC) content. The dosage of MS was varied from 5% to 15% for OPC-MK-MS blends, and the dosage of NS was varied from 0.5% to 1.5% for OPC-MK-NS blends. Incorporation of these pozzolans accelerated the hardening process and reduced the flowability, consistency, and setting time of the cement paste. In addition, it produced a denser matrix, improving the strength of the concrete matrix, as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The use of MS enhanced the strength by 10.37%, and the utilization of NS increased the strength by 11.48% at 28 days. It also reduced the penetrability of the matrix with a maximum reduction in the water absorption (35.82%) and improved the resistance to the sulfate attack for specimens containing 1% NS in the presence of 10% MK. Based on these results, NS in the presence of MK can be used to obtain cementitious structures with the enhanced strength and durability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Bansal
- Civil Engineering Department, M.R.S.P.T.U, Bathinda (Punjab), India
| | - Manjeet Bansal
- Civil Engineering Department, M.R.S.P.T.U, Bathinda (Punjab), India
| | - Alireza Bahrami
- Department of Building Engineering, Energy Systems and Sustainability Science, Faculty of Engineering and Sustainable Development, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Bal Krishan
- Civil Engineering Department, M.R.S.P.T.U, Bathinda (Punjab), India
| | - Rishav Garg
- Civil Engineering Department, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida (Uttar Pradesh), India
| | - Yasin Onuralp Özkılıç
- Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
- Department of Civil Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Essam Althaqafi
- Civil Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Bhuia MS, Chowdhury R, Sonia FA, Kamli H, Shaikh A, El-Nashar HAS, El-Shazly M, Islam MT. Anticancer Potential of the Plant-Derived Saponin Gracillin: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanistic Approaches. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300847. [PMID: 37547969 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of cancer and the toxic side effects of synthetic drugs, natural products are being developed as promising therapeutic approaches. Gracillin is a naturally occurring triterpenoid steroidal saponin with several therapeutic activities. It is obtained as a major compound from different Dioscorea species. This review was designated to summarize the research progress on the anti-cancer activities of gracillin focusing on the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, as well as its pharmacokinetic features. The data were collected (up to date as of May 1, 2023) from various reliable and authentic literatures comprising PubMed, Springer Link, Scopus, Wiley Online, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The findings demonstrated that gracillin displays promising anticancer effects through various molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory effects, apoptotic cell death, induction of oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, induction of genotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, anti-proliferative effect, autophagy, inhibition of glycolysis, and blocking of cancer cell migration. Additionally, this review highlighted the pharmacokinetic features of gracillin, indicating its lower oral bioavailability. As a conclusion, it can be proposed that gracillin could serve as a hopeful chemotherapeutic agent. However, further extensive clinical research is recommended to establish its safety, efficacy, and therapeutic potential in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shimul Bhuia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Raihan Chowdhury
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Akter Sonia
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Hossam Kamli
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Shaikh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Heba A S El-Nashar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, 11566, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
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Abdel-Rahman LH, Basha MT, Al-Farhan BS, Alharbi W, Shehata MR, Al Zamil NO, Abou El-Ezz D. Synthesis, Characterization, DFT Studies of Novel Cu(II), Zn(II), VO(II), Cr(III), and La(III) Chloro-Substituted Schiff Base Complexes: Aspects of Its Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Photodegradation of Methylene Blue. Molecules 2023; 28:4777. [PMID: 37375332 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A new chlorobenzylidene imine ligand, (E)-1-((5-chloro-2-hydroxybenzylidene)amino) naphthalen-2-ol (HL), and its [Zn(L)(NO3)(H2O)3], [La(L)(NO3)2(H2O)2], [VO(L)(OC2H5)(H2O)2], [Cu(L)(NO3)(H2O)3], and [Cr(L)(NO3)2(H2O)2], complexes were synthesized and characterized. The characterization involved elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV/Vis, NMR, mass spectra, molar conductance, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The obtained data confirmed the octahedral geometrical structures of all metal complexes, while the [VO(L)(OC2H5)(H2O)2] complex exhibited a distorted square pyramidal structure. The complexes were found to be thermally stable based on their kinetic parameters determined using the Coats-Redfern method. The DFT/B3LYP technique was employed to calculate the optimized structures, energy gaps, and other important theoretical descriptors of the complexes. In vitro antibacterial assays were conducted to evaluate the complexes' potential against pathogenic bacteria and fungi, comparing them to the free ligand. The compounds exhibited excellent fungicidal activity against Candida albicans ATCC: 10231 (C. albicans) and Aspergillus negar ATCC: 16404 (A. negar), with inhibition zones of HL, [Zn(L)(NO3)(H2O)3], and [La(L)(NO3)2(H2O)2] three times higher than that of the Nystatin antibiotic. The DNA binding affinity of the metal complexes and their ligand was investigated using UV-visible, viscosity, and gel electrophoresis methods, suggesting an intercalative binding mode. The absorption studies yielded Kb values ranging from 4.40 × 105 to 7.30 × 105 M-1, indicating high binding strength to DNA comparable to ethidium bromide (value 107 M-1). Additionally, the antioxidant activity of all complexes was measured and compared to vitamin C. The anti-inflammatory efficacy of the ligand and its metal complexes was evaluated, revealing that [Cu(L)(NO3)(H2O)3] exhibited the most effective activity compared to ibuprofen. Molecular docking studies were conducted to explore the binding nature and affinity of the synthesized compounds with the receptor of Candida albicans oxidoreductase/oxidoreductase INHIBITOR (PDB ID: 5V5Z). Overall, the combined findings of this work demonstrate the potential of these new compounds as efficient fungicidal and anti-inflammatory agents. Furthermore, the photocatalytic effect of the Cu(II) Schiff base complex/GO was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maram T Basha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Badriah Saad Al-Farhan
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Girls for Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, Science and Arts College, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed R Shehata
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Noura O Al Zamil
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Imam Abdurrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa Abou El-Ezz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA University), Giza 12566, Egypt
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Shah SNA, Shahabuddin S, Mohd Sabri MF, Mohd Salleh MF, Mohd Said S, Khedher KM, Sridewi N. Two-Dimensional Tungsten Disulfide-Based Ethylene Glycol Nanofluids: Stability, Thermal Conductivity, and Rheological Properties. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1340. [PMID: 32659972 PMCID: PMC7408399 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Developing stable nanofluids and improving their thermo-physical properties are highly important in heat transfer applications. In the present work, the stability, thermal conductivity, and rheological properties of tungsten disulphide (WS2) nanoparticles (NPs) with ethylene glycol (EG) were profoundly examined using a particle size analyzer, zeta-sizer, thermal property analyzer, rheometer, and pH measuring system. WS2 NPs were characterized by various techniques, such as XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), FESEM (Field emission scanning electron microscopy), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The nanofluids were obtained with the two-step method by employing three volume concentrations (0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02%) of WS2. The influence of different surfactants (Sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS), Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)) with various volume concentrations (0.05-2%) on the measured properties has also been evaluated. Pristine WS2/EG nanofluids exhibit low zeta potential values, i.e., -7.9 mV, -9.3 mV, and -5 mV, corresponding to 0.005%, 0.01%, and 0.02% nanofluid, respectively. However, the zeta potential surpassed the threshold (±30 mV) and the maximum values reached of -52 mV, -45 mV, and 42 mV for SDS, SDBS, and CTAB-containing nanofluids. This showed the successful adsorption of surfactants onto WS2, which was also observed through the increased agglomerate size of up to 1720 nm. Concurrently, particularly for 0.05% SDS with 0.005% WS2, thermal conductivity was enhanced by up to 4.5%, with a corresponding decrease in viscosity of up to 10.5% in a temperature range of (25-70 °C), as compared to EG. Conversely, the viscoelastic analysis has indicated considerable yield stress due to the presence of surfactants, while the pristine nanofluids exhibited enhanced fluidity over the entire tested deformation range. The shear flow behavior showed a transition from a non-Newtonian to a Newtonian fluid at a low shear rate of 10 s-1. Besides this, the temperature sweep analysis has shown a viscosity reduction in a range of temperatures (25-70 °C), with an indication of a critical temperature limit. However, owing to an anomalous reduction in the dynamic viscosity of up to 10.5% and an enhancement in the thermal conductivity of up to 6.9%, WS2/EG nanofluids could be considered as a potential candidate for heat transfer applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Nadeem Abbas Shah
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering (Main Campus Lahore), University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan
| | - Syed Shahabuddin
- Department of Science, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Knowledge Corridor, Raisan Village, Gandhinagar 382007, Gujarat, India
| | - Mohd Faizul Mohd Sabri
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
| | - Mohd Faiz Mohd Salleh
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.F.M.S.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Suhana Mohd Said
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.F.M.S.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Khaled Mohamed Khedher
- Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Civil Engineering, High Institute of Technological Studies, Mrezgua University Campus, Nabeul 8000, Tunisia
| | - Nanthini Sridewi
- Department of Maritime Science and Technology, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
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