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Pérez Hernández MF, Calderón Vallejo A, Aguilar Castillo SDJ, Gómez Jiménez DC, Rodríguez Guerrero E, Aguilar Morales F, Moreno Tovar MG, Zurita Muñóz MA, Bautista Cortéz AE, Calzada Mendoza CC, De Nova Ocampo MA, Ordóñez Rodríguez JM, Gómez Esquivel ML, García Méndez A, Flores Gil O, Macías Zaragoza VM, Cortés Moreno GY, Salinas Lara C, Velázquez García G, Saldivar Cerón HI, Pérez Navarro LM, Ávila Jiménez L, Gómez Zamudio JH, Díaz Flores M, Cruz López M, Ocharan Hernández ME, Peralta Romero JDJ. Electroacupuncture efficacy in diabetic polyneuropathy: Study protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled multicenter clinical trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:90. [PMID: 38360684 PMCID: PMC10868023 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is the most common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); its diagnosis and treatment are based on symptomatic improvement. However, as pharmacological therapy causes multiple adverse effects, the implementation of acupunctural techniques, such as electroacupuncture (EA) has been suggested as an alternative treatment. Nonetheless, there is a lack of scientific evidence, and its mechanisms are still unclear. We present the design and methodology of a new clinical randomized trial, that investigates the effectiveness of EA for the treatment of DPN. METHODS This study is a four-armed, randomized, controlled, multicenter clinical trial (20-week intervention period, plus 12 weeks of follow-up after concluding intervention). A total of 48 T2DM patients with clinical signs and symptoms of DPN; and electrophysiological signs in the Nerve Conduction Study (NCS); will be treated by acupuncture specialists in outpatient units in Mexico City. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to one of the following four groups: (a) short fibre DPN with EA, (b) short fibre DPN with sham EA, (c) axonal DPN with EA and (d) axonal DPN with sham EA treatment. The intervention will consist of 32 sessions, 20 min each, per patient over two cycles of intervention of 8 weeks each and a mid-term rest period of 4 weeks. The primary outcome will be NCS parameters, and secondary outcomes will include DPN-related symptoms and pain by Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument (MNSI), Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Score (MDNS), Dolour Neuropatique Score (DN-4), Semmes-Westein monofilament, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) for pain assessment, and the 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). To measure quality of life and improve oxidative stress, the inflammatory response; and genetic expression; will be analysed at the beginning and at the end of treatment. DISCUSSION This study will be conducted to compare the efficacy of EA versus sham EA combined with conventional diabetic and neuropathic treatments if needed. EA may improve NCS, neuropathic pain and symptoms, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and genetic expression, and it could be considered a potential coadjutant treatment for the management of DPN with a possible remyelinating effect. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT05521737 Registered on 30 August 2022. International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) ISRCTN97391213 Registered on 26 September 2022 [2b].
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Affiliation(s)
- María Fernanda Pérez Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 11340, Mexico
- Red MEDICI. Carrera de Médico Cirujano. FES Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, State of Mexico, 54090, Mexico
| | - Alejandra Calderón Vallejo
- Departamento de Neurología de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Sergio de Jesús Aguilar Castillo
- Departamento de Neurofisiología de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Daniel Cuauhtémoc Gómez Jiménez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Especialidad en Acupuntura Humana, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Rodríguez Guerrero
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Especialidad en Acupuntura Humana, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | - Claudia Camelia Calzada Mendoza
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 11340, Mexico
| | - Mónica Ascención De Nova Ocampo
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía del Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Maestría en Ciencias en Biomedicina Molecular, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Ordóñez Rodríguez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Especialidad en Acupuntura Humana, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | - Mónica Luz Gómez Esquivel
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Especialidad en Acupuntura Humana, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | | | - Octavio Flores Gil
- Coordinación de Internado y Servicio Social, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico
| | | | | | - Citlaltepetl Salinas Lara
- Red MEDICI. Carrera de Médico Cirujano. FES Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, State of Mexico, 54090, Mexico
- Departamento de Neuropatología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, 14269, Mexico
| | - Germán Velázquez García
- Red MEDICI. Carrera de Médico Cirujano. FES Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, State of Mexico, 54090, Mexico
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, UNAM, Mexico City, 09239, Mexico
- Universidad Intercultural del Estado de México Plantel Tepetlixpa, Tepetlixpa, Estado de México, 56880, México
| | - Héctor Iván Saldivar Cerón
- Red MEDICI. Carrera de Médico Cirujano. FES Iztacala, UNAM, Estado de México, State of Mexico, 54090, Mexico
- Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, State of Mexico, 54090, Mexico
- Unidad de Biomedicina (UBIMED), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, UNAM, Tlalnepantla, State of Mexico, 54090, Mexico
| | | | - Laura Ávila Jiménez
- Coordinación Auxiliar Médica de Investigación en Salud, Jefatura de Servicios de Prestaciones Médicas, Delegación Estatal Morelos, IMSS, Cuernavaca, Morelos, 62000, Mexico
| | - Jaime Héctor Gómez Zamudio
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Margarita Díaz Flores
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - Miguel Cruz López
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico
| | - María Esther Ocharan Hernández
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 11340, Mexico
| | - José de Jesús Peralta Romero
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad "Dr. Bernardo Sepúlveda", Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, Mexico City, 06720, Mexico.
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Especialidad en Acupuntura Humana, Escuela Nacional de Medicina y Homeopatía, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, 07320, Mexico.
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Reyes-Carmona L, Sepúlveda-Robles OA, Almaguer-Flores A, Bello-Lopez JM, Ramos-Vilchis C, Rodil SE. Antimicrobial activity of silver-copper coating against aerosols containing surrogate respiratory viruses and bacteria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294972. [PMID: 38079398 PMCID: PMC10712891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The transmission of bacteria and respiratory viruses through expelled saliva microdroplets and aerosols is a significant concern for healthcare workers, further highlighted during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. To address this issue, the development of nanomaterials with antimicrobial properties for use as nanolayers in respiratory protection equipment, such as facemasks or respirators, has emerged as a potential solution. In this study, a silver and copper nanolayer called SakCu® was deposited on one side of a spun-bond polypropylene fabric using the magnetron sputtering technique. The antibacterial and antiviral activity of the AgCu nanolayer was evaluated against droplets falling on the material and aerosols passing through it. The effectiveness of the nanolayer was assessed by measuring viral loads of the enveloped virus SARS-CoV-2 and viability assays using respiratory surrogate viruses, including PaMx54, PaMx60, PaMx61 (ssRNA, Leviviridae), and PhiX174 (ssDNA, Microviridae) as representatives of non-enveloped viruses. Colony forming unit (CFU) determination was employed to evaluate the survival of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The results demonstrated a nearly exponential reduction in SARS-CoV-2 viral load, achieving complete viral load reduction after 24 hours of contact incubation with the AgCu nanolayer. Viability assays with the surrogate viruses showed a significant reduction in viral replication between 2-4 hours after contact. The simulated viral filtration system demonstrated inhibition of viral replication ranging from 39% to 64%. The viability assays with PhiX174 exhibited a 2-log reduction in viral replication after 24 hours of contact and a 16.31% inhibition in viral filtration assays. Bacterial growth inhibition varied depending on the species, with reductions ranging from 70% to 92% for aerobic bacteria and over 90% for anaerobic strains. In conclusion, the AgCu nanolayer displayed high bactericidal and antiviral activity in contact and aerosol conditions. Therefore, it holds the potential for incorporation into personal protective equipment to effectively reduce and prevent the transmission of aerosol-borne pathogenic bacteria and respiratory viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Reyes-Carmona
- Laboratorio de Biointerfases, DEPeI, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
- Programa de Maestría y Doctorado en Ciencias Médicas Odontológicas y de la Salud, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
| | - Omar A. Sepúlveda-Robles
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Genética Humana, UMAE Hospital de Pediatría, Centro Médico Nacional "Siglo XXI", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), CDMX, México
| | - Argelia Almaguer-Flores
- Laboratorio de Biointerfases, DEPeI, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
| | - Juan Manuel Bello-Lopez
- Dirección de Investigación, Hospital Juárez de México, Magdalena de las Salinas, CDMX, México
| | - Carlos Ramos-Vilchis
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
| | - Sandra E. Rodil
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, México
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Gamboa-Sánchez C, Becerril-Villanueva E, Alvarez-Herrera S, Leyva-Mascareño G, González-López SL, Estudillo E, Fernández-Molina AE, Elizalde-Contreras JM, Ruiz-May E, Segura-Cabrera A, Jiménez-Genchi J, Pavón L, Zamudio SR, Pérez-Sánchez G. Upregulation of S100A8 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with depression treated with SSRIs: a pilot study. Proteome Sci 2023; 21:23. [PMID: 38049858 PMCID: PMC10694904 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-023-00224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects more than 350 million people worldwide, and there is currently no laboratory test to diagnose it. This pilot study aimed to identify potential biomarkers in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MDD patients. METHODS We used tandem mass tagging coupled to synchronous precursor selection (mass spectrometry) to obtain the differential proteomic profile from a pool of PBMCs from MDD patients and healthy subjects, and quantitative PCR to assess gene expression of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) of our interest. RESULTS We identified 247 proteins, of which 133 had a fold change ≥ 2.0 compared to healthy volunteers. Using pathway enrichment analysis, we found that some processes, such as platelet degranulation, coagulation, and the inflammatory response, are perturbed in MDD patients. The gene-disease association analysis showed that molecular alterations in PBMCs from MDD patients are associated with cerebral ischemia, vascular disease, thrombosis, acute coronary syndrome, and myocardial ischemia, in addition to other conditions such as inflammation and diabetic retinopathy. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed by qRT-PCR that S100A8 is upregulated in PBMCs from MDD patients and thus could be an emerging biomarker of this disorder. This report lays the groundwork for future studies in a broader and more diverse population and contributes to a deeper characterization of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concepción Gamboa-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Enrique Becerril-Villanueva
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Samantha Alvarez-Herrera
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Gabriela Leyva-Mascareño
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Sandra L González-López
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Enrique Estudillo
- Laboratorio de Reprogramación Celular, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Av. Insurgentes Sur 3877 Del. Tlalpan, 14269. Col. La Fama., Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto E Fernández-Molina
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - José Miguel Elizalde-Contreras
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Cluster BioMimic®, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación El Haya, 91073, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Eliel Ruiz-May
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Cluster BioMimic®, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación El Haya, 91073, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Aldo Segura-Cabrera
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología A. C, Cluster BioMimic®, Carretera Antigua a Coatepec 351, Congregación El Haya, 91073, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Genomic Sciences, GSK, Stevenage, UK
| | - Janeth Jiménez-Genchi
- Hospital Psiquiátrico Fray Bernardino Álvarez. Av, Niño Jesús, San Buenaventura 214000, Tlalpan, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Lenin Pavón
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México
| | - Sergio Roberto Zamudio
- Departamento de Fisiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Av. Wilfrido Massieu 399, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738, Ciudad de México, México.
| | - Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez
- Laboratorio de Psicoinmunología, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de La Fuente Muñiz, Colonia San Lorenzo Huipulco, Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Tlalpan, 14370, Ciudad de Mexico, México.
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Batta E, Stephens CR. Evolutionary success of the thrifty genotype depends on both behavioral adaptations and temporal variability in the food environment. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7975. [PMID: 37198171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33139-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a result of a long-term energy imbalance due to decisions associated with energy intake and expenditure. Those decisions fit the definition of heuristics: cognitive processes with a rapid and effortless implementation which can be very effective in dealing with scenarios that threaten an organism's viability. We study the implementation and evaluation of heuristics, and their associated actions, using agent-based simulations in environments where the distribution and degree of richness of energetic resources is varied in space and time. Artificial agents utilize foraging strategies, combining movement, active perception, and consumption, while also actively modifying their capacity to store energy-a "thrifty gene" effect-based on three different heuristics. We show that the selective advantage associated with higher energy storage capacity depends on both the agent's foraging strategy and heuristic, as well as being sensitive to the distribution of resources, with the existence and duration of periods of food abundance and scarcity being crucial. We conclude that a "thrifty genotype" is only beneficial in the presence of behavioral adaptations that encourage overconsumption and sedentariness, as well as seasonality and uncertainty in the food distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasmo Batta
- Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de la Computación, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico city, 04510, México
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico city, 04510, México
| | - Christopher R Stephens
- Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico city, 04510, México.
- Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico city, 04510, México.
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