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Sachdeva A, Hart CA, Carey CD, Vincent AE, Greaves LC, Heer R, Oliveira P, Brown MD, Clarke NW, Turnbull DM. Automated quantitative high-throughput multiplex immunofluorescence pipeline to evaluate OXPHOS defects in formalin-fixed human prostate tissue. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6660. [PMID: 35459777 PMCID: PMC9033818 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) and digital image analysis has enabled simultaneous assessment of protein defects in electron transport chain components. However, current manual methodology is time consuming and labour intensive. Therefore, we developed an automated high-throughput mIF workflow for quantitative single-cell level assessment of formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue (FFPE), leveraging tyramide signal amplification on a Ventana Ultra platform coupled with automated multispectral imaging on a Vectra 3 platform. Utilising this protocol, we assessed the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) protein alterations in a cohort of benign and malignant prostate samples. Mitochondrial OXPHOS plays a critical role in cell metabolism, and OXPHOS perturbation is implicated in carcinogenesis. Marked inter-patient, intra-patient and spatial cellular heterogeneity in OXPHOS protein abundance was observed. We noted frequent Complex IV loss in benign prostate tissue and Complex I loss in age matched prostate cancer tissues. Malignant regions within prostate cancer samples more frequently contained cells with low Complex I & IV and high mitochondrial mass in comparison to benign-adjacent regions. This methodology can now be applied more widely to study the frequency and distribution of OXPHOS alterations in formalin-fixed tissues, and their impact on long-term clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwin Sachdeva
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK.
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK.
- Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK.
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK.
| | - Claire A Hart
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK
| | - Christopher D Carey
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- NovoPath, Cellular Pathology, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Amy E Vincent
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Laura C Greaves
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Pedro Oliveira
- Department of Pathology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
| | - Michael D Brown
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK
| | - Noel W Clarke
- Genito Urinary Cancer Research Group, Division of Cancer Sciences, Oglesby Cancer Research Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK
- Belfast-Manchester Movember FASTMAN Prostate Cancer Centre of Excellence, Manchester, UK
- Department of Surgery, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, M20 4BX, UK
- Department of Urology, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Doug M Turnbull
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
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