Evaluation of Thermal Properties of Ferromagnetic Core for Treatment of Solid Tumors by Electromagnetic Induction Hyperthermia.
J Biomed Phys Eng 2023;
13:543-554. [PMID:
38148962 PMCID:
PMC10749418 DOI:
10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2101-1261]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Background
Electromagnetic induction hyperthermia is a promising method to treat the deep-seated tumors such as brain and prostatic tumors. This technique is performed using the induction of electromagnetic waves in the ferromagnetic cores implanted at the solid tumor.
Objective
This study aims at determining the conditions of the optimal thermal distribution in the different frequencies before performing the in vitro cellular study.
Material and Methods
In this experimental study, the i-Cu alloy (70.4-29.6; wt%) was prepared and characterized and then the parameters, affecting the amount of induction heating in the ferromagnetic core, were investigated. Self-regulating cores in 1, 3, 6, and 9 arrangements in the water phantom with a volume of 2 cm3 were used as a replacement for solid tumor.
Results
Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) analysis and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) show the uniformity of the alloy after 4 times remeling by vacuum arc remelting furnace. The Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) shows that the Curie temperature (TC) of the ferromagnetic core is less than 50 °C. Temperature profile with a frequency of 100-400 kHz for 30 min, was extracted by infrared imaging camera, indicating the increase temperature in the range of 42 °C to 46 °C.
Conclusion
The optimum conditions with used hyperthermia system are supplied in the frequency of 100 kHz, 200 kHz and 400 kHz with 6, 3 and 1 seeds, respectively. It is also possible to induce a temperature up to 50 °C by increasing the number of seeds at a constant frequency and power, or by increasing the applied frequency at a constant number of seeds.
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