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Manuvera VA, Kharlampieva DD, Bobrovsky PA, Grafskaia EN, Brovina KA, Lazarev VN. New anticoagulant protein from medicinal leech. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 696:149473. [PMID: 38241814 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The saliva of the medicinal leech contains various anticoagulants. Some of them, such as hirudin, are well known. However, it is reasonable to believe that not all anticoagulant proteins from medicinal leech saliva have been identified. We previously performed a comprehensive study of the transcriptome, genome, and proteome of leech salivary gland cells, which led to the discovery of several previously unknown hypothetical proteins that may have anticoagulant properties. Subsequently, we obtained a series of recombinant proteins and investigated their impact on coagulation in in vitro assays. We identified a previously undescribed protein that exhibited a high ability to suppress coagulation. The His-tagged recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using metal chelate chromatography. To determine its activity, commonly used coagulation methods were used: activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, and thrombin inhibition clotting assay. Clotting and chromogenic assays for factor Xa inhibition were performed to evaluate anti-Xa activity. We used recombinant hirudin as a control anticoagulant protein in all experiments. The new protein showed significantly greater inhibition of coagulation than hirudin at the same molar concentrations in the activated partial thrombin time assay. However, hirudin demonstrated better results in the direct thrombin inhibition test, although the tested protein also exhibited the ability to inhibit thrombin. The chromogenic analysis of factor Xa inhibition revealed no activity, whereas the clotting test for factor Xa showed the opposite result. Thus, a new powerful anticoagulant protein has been discovered in the medicinal leech. This protein is homologous to antistatin, with 28 % identical amino acid residues. The recombinant protein was expressed in E. coli. This protein is capable of directly inhibiting thrombin, and based on indirect evidence, other proteases of the blood coagulation cascade have been identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin A Manuvera
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudny, Institutskiy per., 9, Russia.
| | - Daria D Kharlampieva
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Russia
| | - Pavel A Bobrovsky
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudny, Institutskiy per., 9, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Grafskaia
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Russia
| | - Ksenia A Brovina
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudny, Institutskiy per., 9, Russia
| | - Vassili N Lazarev
- Lopukhin Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 119435, Moscow, Malaya Pirogovskaya, 1a, Russia; Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), 141701, Moscow Region, Dolgoprudny, Institutskiy per., 9, Russia
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Kwak HJ, Park JS, Medina Jiménez BI, Park SC, Cho SJ. Spatiotemporal Expression of Anticoagulation Factor Antistasin in Freshwater Leeches. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163994. [PMID: 31426335 PMCID: PMC6719055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Antistasin, which was originally discovered in the salivary glands of the Mexican leech Haementeria officinalis, was newly isolated from Helobdella austinensis. To confirm the temporal expression of antistasin during embryogenesis, we carried out semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Hau-antistasin1 was uniquely expressed at stage 4 of the cleavage and was strongly expressed in the late stages of organogenesis, as were other antistasin members. In order to confirm the spatial expression of antistasin, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization in the late stages of organogenesis. The expression of each antistasin in the proboscis showed a similar pattern and varied in expression in the body. In addition, the spatial expression of antistasin orthologs in different leeches showed the possibility of different function across leech species. Hau-antistasin1 was expressed in the same region as hedgehog, which is a known mediator of signal transduction pathway. Hau-antistasin1 is probably a downstream target of Hedgehog signaling, involved in segment polarity signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jin Kwak
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
| | - Jeong-Su Park
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Brenda Irene Medina Jiménez
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea
- Department of Earth Sciences, Paleobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Soon Cheol Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Cho
- School of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Korea.
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