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Spratford CM, Goins LM, Chi F, Girard JR, Macias SN, Ho VW, Banerjee U. Intermediate progenitor cells provide a transition between hematopoietic progenitors and their differentiated descendants. Development 2021; 148:273785. [PMID: 34918741 PMCID: PMC8722385 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and genomic analysis in Drosophila suggests that hematopoietic progenitors likely transition into terminal fates via intermediate progenitors (IPs) with some characteristics of either, but perhaps maintaining IP-specific markers. In the past, IPs have not been directly visualized and investigated owing to lack of appropriate genetic tools. Here, we report a Split GAL4 construct, CHIZ-GAL4, that identifies IPs as cells physically juxtaposed between true progenitors and differentiating hemocytes. IPs are a distinct cell type with a unique cell-cycle profile and they remain multipotent for all blood cell fates. In addition, through their dynamic control of the Notch ligand Serrate, IPs specify the fate of direct neighbors. The Ras pathway controls the number of IP cells and promotes their transition into differentiating cells. This study suggests that it would be useful to characterize such intermediate populations of cells in mammalian hematopoietic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie M Spratford
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Lauren M Goins
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Fangtao Chi
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Juliet R Girard
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Savannah N Macias
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Vivien W Ho
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Utpal Banerjee
- Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
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Gilmour J, O'Connor L, Middleton CP, Keane P, Gillemans N, Cazier JB, Philipsen S, Bonifer C. Robust hematopoietic specification requires the ubiquitous Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors. Epigenetics Chromatin 2019; 12:33. [PMID: 31164147 PMCID: PMC6547542 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-019-0282-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Both tissue-specific and ubiquitously expressed transcription factors, such as Sp-family members, are required for correct development. However, the molecular details of how ubiquitous factors are involved in programming tissue-specific chromatin and thus participate in developmental processes are still unclear. We previously showed that embryonic stem cells lacking Sp1 DNA-binding activity (Sp1ΔDBD/ΔDBD cells) are able to differentiate into early blood progenitors despite the inability of Sp1 to bind chromatin without its DNA-binding domain. However, gene expression during differentiation becomes progressively deregulated, and terminal differentiation is severely compromised. Results Here, we studied the cooperation of Sp1 with its closest paralogue Sp3 in hematopoietic development and demonstrate that Sp1 and Sp3 binding sites largely overlap. The complete absence of either Sp1 or Sp3 or the presence of the Sp1 DNA-binding mutant has only a minor effect on the pattern of distal accessible chromatin sites and their transcription factor binding motif content, suggesting that these mutations do not affect tissue-specific chromatin programming. Sp3 cooperates with Sp1ΔDBD/ΔDBD to enable hematopoiesis, but is unable to do so in the complete absence of Sp1. Using single-cell gene expression analysis, we show that the lack of Sp1 DNA binding leads to a distortion of cell fate decision timing, indicating that stable chromatin binding of Sp1 is required to maintain robust differentiation trajectories. Conclusions Our findings highlight the essential contribution of ubiquitous factors such as Sp1 to blood cell development. In contrast to tissue-specific transcription factors which are required to direct specific cell fates, loss of Sp1 leads to a widespread deregulation in timing and coordination of differentiation trajectories during hematopoietic specification. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13072-019-0282-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Gilmour
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Leigh O'Connor
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Christopher P Middleton
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Computational Biology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Keane
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Nynke Gillemans
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sjaak Philipsen
- Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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Abstract
RUNX transcription factors belong to a highly conserved class of transcriptional regulators which play various roles in the development of the majority of metazoans. In this review we focus on the founding member of the family, RUNX1, and its role in the transcriptional control of blood cell development in mammals. We summarize data showing that RUNX1 functions both as activator and repressor within a chromatin environment, a feature that requires its interaction with multiple other transcription factors and co-factors. Furthermore, we outline how RUNX1 works together with other factors to reshape the epigenetic landscape and the three-dimensional structure of gene loci within the nucleus. Finally, we review how aberrant forms of RUNX1 deregulate blood cell development and cause hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Bonifer
- Institute for Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | - Elena Levantini
- Beth Israel Diaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Richerche, Pisa, Italy
| | - Valerie Kouskoff
- Division of Developmental Biology & Medicine, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Georges Lacaud
- Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Abstract
Marsupials are a group of mammals that give birth to immature young lacking mature immune tissues at birth, and are unable to mount their own specific immune defence. Their immune tissues develop in a non-sterile ex-utero environment unlike that of eutherian mammals such as ourselves. Marsupials are therefore ideal models for studying the development of immune tissues, in particular haematopoiesis, yet relatively little has been investigated. Most studies have been restricted to histological or immunohistological studies, however some factors likely to be involved, based on eutherian studies in haematopoiesis, have been isolated and characterised, including a few key markers, and some cell signaling and regulation molecules, mostly involved in lymphocytopoiesis. However the role of many molecules in haematopoiesis is largely presumed. We currently lack much of the rudimentary information regarding time of appearance and expression levels of these molecules, and no functional studies have been conducted. This paper reviews our knowledge of marsupial haematopoiesis to date, and highlights the need for future research in marsupials to gain further insights into the evolution of haematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Old
- Water and Wildlife Ecology, School of Science and Health, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, Locked Bag 1797, Penrith, N.S.W, 2751 Australia.
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