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Khiddi F, Abdellahi MVM, Horma MA, Billoet A, Collobert G, Amar AM, Nech HDM, Vadel EHM, Houmeida A, Raymond J, Dauga C, Gastli N. Characteristics of Helicobacter pylori strains isolated from Mauritanian patients. Helicobacter 2020; 25:e12726. [PMID: 32686319 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) is responsible for various diseases including cancer It co-evolved with humans, and human migrations shaped the expansion and the diversity of strains around the world. The risk of developing a disease depends on virulence factors, mainly the cytotoxin-associated gene A protein (CagA). The aim of this study was to determine the cagA status in H pylori strains from Mauritanian patients and to search for a relationship with endoscopic and histologic findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS H pylori was searched in gastric biopsies taken during endoscopy in patients with gastro-duodenal symptoms. RT-PCR was used for the diagnosis and resistance to clarithromycin. The cagA status was determined with PCR and the EPIYA-cagA polymorphism with sequencing. RESULTS At all, 76/78 (97.4%) biopsies were positive. The rate of clarithromycin resistance was 4/76 (5.26%) due to the A2143G mutation, with a mixed population in 2 cases. The cagA gene was present in 23/76 (30.26%) biopsies, and the EPIYA motif was ABC in 21 (91.3%). High bacterial load and inflammation were significantly associated with cagA-positive status (P < .01). Phylogenetic analysis of the glmM and hspA genes highlighted a mixture of African and European genes in strains of H pylori isolated from patients of Moor origin. CONCLUSION We report a high prevalence of H pylori infection in Mauritanian patients, a low rate of clarithromycin resistance (5.26%) and high bacterial load and inflammation associated with cagA-positive status. The phylogenetic analysis highlights the mix of different populations leading to the Moor ethnicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimetou Khiddi
- Unit of Epidemiology and Diversity of Microorganisms, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | | | | | - Annick Billoet
- Centre, Université de Paris, France Bacteriology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ghislaine Collobert
- Centre, Université de Paris, France Bacteriology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Amar
- Gastroenterology Department, Cheikh Zayid hospital, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | | | | | - Ahmed Houmeida
- Anatomo-pathology Department, Chiva Clinic, Nouakchott, Mauritania
| | - Josette Raymond
- Centre, Université de Paris, France Bacteriology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.,Université Paris Saclay, Bacteriology Laboratory, Bicêtre Hospital, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Catherine Dauga
- Department of Computational Biology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nabil Gastli
- Centre, Université de Paris, France Bacteriology Laboratory, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
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El Khadir M, Alaoui Boukhris S, Benajah DA, Ibrahimi SA, Chbani L, Bouguenouch L, El Rhazi K, El Abkari M, Nejjari C, Mahmoud M, Bennani B. Helicobacter pylori CagA EPIYA-C motifs and gastric diseases in Moroccan patients. Infect Genet Evol 2018; 66:120-129. [PMID: 30244090 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenicity of cagA-positive H. pylori strains is associated with the number and type of repeated sequences named EPIYA located in the C-terminal region of the CagA protein. The aim of this study is to determine the polymorphism of the H. pylori cagA 3' region circulating in Morocco and its association with different gastric pathologies. METHODS A total of 1353 consenting patients, were recruited in this study. The gastric biopsies performed during endoscopy were used for histological examination and for molecular characterization of H. pylori. The study of the type and number of "EPIYA" motif was identified by PCR directly on H. pylori positive biopsies. RESULTS Of all the biopsies, the infection rate was 61.1%. The cagA gene was amplified in 68.9% of the cases and the analysis of the 3' region of cagA showed the exclusive presence of the "Western CagA" type with a predominance of the EPIYA-ABC motif (71.4%). The number of EPIYA-C motif varies from 0 to 2. The multinomial analysis shows that the infection with strains of H. pylori having two EPIYA-C motifs is a factor that increases the risk of developing gastric cancer compared to gastritis cases with strains lacking this motif (OR = 11.64; CI: 3.34-45.15), whereas this risk is 6 fold higher in comparison with duodenal ulcer cases (OR = 6, CI: 1.29-27.76). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the number of EPIYA-C motifs might be useful as a predictive marker of the infection evolution and will help in the identification of patients at high risk of developing gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounia El Khadir
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Equipe micro-organismes génomique et facteurs oncogènes, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Morocco
| | - Samia Alaoui Boukhris
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Equipe micro-organismes génomique et facteurs oncogènes, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Morocco
| | - Dafr-Allah Benajah
- Service d'Hépato Gastro-entérologie CHU Hassan II de Fès, Equipe Maladies de l'appareil digestif (FMPF), Morocco; Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine, Biomédecine et Environnement, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco
| | - Sidi Adil Ibrahimi
- Service d'Hépato Gastro-entérologie CHU Hassan II de Fès, Equipe Maladies de l'appareil digestif (FMPF), Morocco; Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine, Biomédecine et Environnement, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco
| | - Laila Chbani
- Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine, Biomédecine et Environnement, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique CHU Hassan II, Morocco
| | - Laila Bouguenouch
- Unité de Génétique Médicale et d'Oncogénétique, Laboratoire Central d'Analyses Médicales CHU Hassan II, Morocco
| | - Karima El Rhazi
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche Clinique, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco
| | - Mohamed El Abkari
- Service d'Hépato Gastro-entérologie CHU Hassan II de Fès, Equipe Maladies de l'appareil digestif (FMPF), Morocco; Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine, Biomédecine et Environnement, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco
| | - Chakib Nejjari
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Recherche Clinique, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco
| | | | - Bahia Bennani
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Equipe micro-organismes génomique et facteurs oncogènes, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Fès (FMPF), Université Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah (USMBA), Morocco; Laboratoire de Pathologie Humaine, Biomédecine et Environnement, FMPF, USMBA, Morocco.
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Sheikh AF, Yadyad MJ, Goodarzi H, Hashemi SJ, Aslani S, Assarzadegan MA, Ranjbar R. CagA and vacA allelic combination of Helicobacter pylori in gastroduodenal disorders. Microb Pathog 2018; 122:144-150. [PMID: 29908307 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allelic variation of the virulence genes, vacA and cagA, as the most important virulence associated genes play an important role in the pathogenesis of severe gastrointestinal disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to identify the diversity of the virulence genes in patients with Gastric Cancer (GC), who were referred to the gastro-endoscopy unit of Imam Khomeini Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of medical science, Ahvaz, Iran. METHODS Gastric biopsy specimens from 301 patients suspected to gastrointestinal disorders, were analyzed for H. pylori using molecular and phenotypical methods (culture, and biochemical test (catalase, oxidase and urease tests)). RESULTS Among 201 PCR positive for H. pylori, using histopathological methods, 22 (10.9%) patients had GC. Presence of vacA gene in our H. pylori strains was 100% (201/201), while the most virulent vacA s1 allele was detected in 82.6% isolates, and the mid region vacA m1 was found in 39.8% isolates. The vacA s1/m1 genotype was the most virulent allelic combination in GC and Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) in 68.2% and 50%, respectively. The cagA gene was detected in 66.7% isolates. Among the cagA positive isolates, EPIYA-ABC motif was the most common motif in the GC (66.7%), PUD (55.6%) and Erosive Gastroduodenitis (EG) samples (55.2%), while EPIYA-ABCC was the most common motif (58.7%) in the Non-Ulcer Dyspepsia (NUD) samples. The vacA s1m1/cagA+ combination was detected in GC (73.3%) and PUD (51.9%), while vacA s1m2/cagA+ presented in the NUD and EG samples in 77.8% and 62.1%, respectively. CONCLUSION In this work, Western type (EPIYA-ABC and ABCC motifs) cagA, vacA s1m1 combinations have been demonstrated as the dominant genotype in the tested Ahvazian H. Pylori strains. Also the participation of cagA gene and vacA s1m1 genotype in development and severity of gastric disorder was well evident. Therefore, infection with H. pylori strain containing the cagA gene or the vacA s1m1 genotypes could be associated with increased risk of GC. This is the first study in our area that reports the high incidence and diversity of allelic combination of cagA and vacA genes in gastroduodenitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Farajzadeh Sheikh
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Jaafar Yadyad
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamed Goodarzi
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Seyed Jalal Hashemi
- Research Institute for Infectious Diseases of the Digestive System, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
| | - Sajad Aslani
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Reza Ranjbar
- Molecular Biology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Hayashi T, Senda M, Suzuki N, Nishikawa H, Ben C, Tang C, Nagase L, Inoue K, Senda T, Hatakeyama M. Differential Mechanisms for SHP2 Binding and Activation Are Exploited by Geographically Distinct Helicobacter pylori CagA Oncoproteins. Cell Rep 2018; 20:2876-2890. [PMID: 28930683 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori East Asian CagA is more closely associated with gastric cancer than Western CagA. Here we show that, upon tyrosine phosphorylation, the East Asian CagA-specific EPIYA-D segment binds to the N-SH2 domain of pro-oncogenic SHP2 phosphatase two orders of magnitude greater than Western CagA-specific EPIYA-C. This high-affinity binding is achieved via cryptic interaction between Phe at the +5 position from phosphotyrosine in EPIYA-D and a hollow on the N-SH2 phosphopeptide-binding floor. Also, duplication of EPIYA-C in Western CagA, which increases gastric cancer risk, enables divalent high-affinity binding with SHP2 via N-SH2 and C-SH2. These strong CagA bindings enforce enzymatic activation of SHP2, which endows cells with neoplastic traits. Mechanistically, N-SH2 in SHP2 is in an equilibrium between stimulatory "relaxed" and inhibitory "squeezed" states, which is fixed upon high-affinity CagA binding to the "relaxed" state that stimulates SHP2. Accordingly, East Asian CagA and Western CagA exploit distinct mechanisms for SHP2 deregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeru Hayashi
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Miki Senda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Suzuki
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nishikawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chi Ben
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chao Tang
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Lisa Nagase
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan
| | - Kaori Inoue
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshiya Senda
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan; Department of Materials Structure Science, School of High Energy Accelerator Science, The Graduate University of Advanced Studies, Tsukuba 305-0801, Japan.
| | - Masanori Hatakeyama
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Farzi N, Yadegar A, Aghdaei HA, Yamaoka Y, Zali MR. Genetic diversity and functional analysis of oipA gene in association with other virulence factors among Helicobacter pylori isolates from Iranian patients with different gastric diseases. Infect Genet Evol 2018; 60:26-34. [PMID: 29452293 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2018.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most genetically diverse bacterial pathogens that persistently colonizes the human gastric epithelium. This remarkable genomic plasticity may act as a driving force for successful adaptation and persistence of the bacteria in the harsh gastric environment. Outer inflammatory protein A (OipA) encoded by oipA gene (HP0638/hopH) is a member of the outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of H. pylori involved in induction of IL-8 secretion and is associated with development of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. Expression of OipA is regulated by phase variation within a CT dinucleotide repeat motif of the oipA gene. In this study we carried out direct DNA sequence analysis of 53 amplified fragments to investigate the oipA "On/Off" status among Iranian H. pylori isolates from patients with various gastric diseases. The prevalence of cagL, cagA, EPIYA motifs, vacA alleles, babA2 and sabA genotypes as well as cagPAI integrity of the isolates were determined by PCR. Our results demonstrated a high prevalence of strains with functional oipA status (79%) and significant associations were found between functional oipA and cagA (P = 0.027) and vacA s1m1 (P = 0.022) genotypes. The vacA s1m2 genotype was also found to be statistically associated with PUD (P = 0.0001). Interestingly, we showed that H. pylori strains with intact cagPAI co-expressed oipA gene in a significant synergistic relationship (P < 0.01). However, no significant association was observed between the functional oipA status and clinical outcomes (P > 0.05). In conclusion, our findings denotes great diversity in the number and pattern of CT dinucleotide repeats of oipA among Iranian H. pylori strains. The synergistic link between functional oipA and other important virulence factors is proposed to be critical in the pathogenesis of H. pylori, which needs further studies with a larger number of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Farzi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yoshio Yamaoka
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nishikawa H, Hatakeyama M. Sequence Polymorphism and Intrinsic Structural Disorder as Related to Pathobiological Performance of the Helicobacter pylori CagA Oncoprotein. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9040136. [PMID: 28406453 PMCID: PMC5408210 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9040136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CagA, an oncogenic virulence factor produced by Helicobacter pylori, is causally associated with the development of gastrointestinal diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Upon delivery into gastric epithelial cells via bacterial type IV secretion, CagA interacts with a number of host proteins through the intrinsically disordered C-terminal tail, which contains two repeatable protein-binding motifs, the Glu-Pro-Ile-Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motif and the CagA multimerization (CM) motif. The EPIYA motif, upon phosphorylation by host kinases, binds and deregulates Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2), a bona fide oncoprotein, inducing pro-oncogenic mitogenic signaling and abnormal cell morphology. Through the CM motif, CagA inhibits the kinase activity of polarity regulator partitioning-defective 1b (PAR1b), causing junctional and polarity defects while inducing actin cytoskeletal rearrangements. The magnitude of the pathobiological action of individual CagA has been linked to the tandem repeat polymorphisms of these two binding motifs, yet the molecular mechanisms by which they affect disease outcome remain unclear. Recent studies using quantitative techniques have provided new insights into how the sequence polymorphisms in the structurally disordered C-terminal region determine the degree of pro-oncogenic action of CagA in the gastric epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nishikawa
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
- Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Masanori Hatakeyama
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
- CREST, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.
- Max Planck-The University of Tokyo Center for Integrative Inflammology, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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Senda Y, Murata-Kamiya N, Hatakeyama M. C-terminal Src kinase-mediated EPIYA phosphorylation of Pragmin creates a feed-forward C-terminal Src kinase activation loop that promotes cell motility. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:972-80. [PMID: 27116701 PMCID: PMC4946704 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pragmin is one of the few mammalian proteins containing the Glu‐Pro‐Ile‐Tyr‐Ala (EPIYA) tyrosine‐phosphorylation motif that was originally discovered in the Helicobacter pylori CagA oncoprotein. Following delivery into gastric epithelial cells by type IV secretion and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation at the EPIYA motifs, CagA serves as an oncogenic scaffold/adaptor that promiscuously interacts with SH2 domain‐containing mammalian proteins such as the Src homology 2 (SH2) domain‐containing protein tyrosine phosphatase‐2 (SHP2) and the C‐terminal Src kinase (Csk), a negative regulator of Src family kinases. Like CagA, Pragmin also forms a physical complex with Csk. In the present study, we found that Pragmin directly binds to Csk by the tyrosine‐phosphorylated EPIYA motif. The complex formation potentiates kinase activity of Csk, which in turn phosphorylates Pragmin on tyrosine‐238 (Y238), Y343, and Y391. As Y391 of Pragmin comprises the EPIYA motif, Pragmin–Csk interaction creates a feed‐forward regulatory loop of Csk activation. Together with the finding that Pragmin and Csk are colocalized to focal adhesions, these observations indicate that the Pragmin–Csk interaction, triggered by Pragmin EPIYA phosphorylation, robustly stimulates the kinase activity of Csk at focal adhesions, which direct cell‐matrix adhesion that regulates cell morphology and cell motility. As a consequence, expression of Pragmin and/or Csk in epithelial cells induces an elongated cell shape with elevated cell scattering in a manner that is mutually dependent on Pragmin and Csk. Deregulation of the Pragmin–Csk axis may therefore induce aberrant cell migration that contributes to tumor invasion and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshie Senda
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Murata-Kamiya
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Hatakeyama
- Division of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Yadegar A, Alebouyeh M, Zali MR. Analysis of the intactness of Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island in Iranian strains by a new PCR-based strategy and its relationship with virulence genotypes and EPIYA motifs. Infect Genet Evol 2015; 35:19-26. [PMID: 26205689 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Variants of the Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island (cagPAI) and certain virulence genotypes have been proposed to be associated with different gastric disorders. In the present study, we designed a new PCR-based strategy to investigate the intactness of cagPAI in Iranian patients using highly specific primer sets spanning the cagPAI region. The possible relationship between the cagPAI status of the strains and clinical outcomes was also determined. We also characterized virulence genotypes (cagL, cagA, vacA, babA2 and sabA) and variants of CagA EPIYA motifs in these strains. H. pylori was detected in 61 out of 126 patients with various gastroduodenal diseases. The cagL, cagA, vacA s1m1, vacA s1m2, vacA s2m2, babA2, and sabA genotypes were detected in 96.7%, 85.2%, 29.5%, 45.9%, 24.6%, 96.7%, and 83.6% of the strains, respectively. Among the 52 cagA-positive strains, EPIYA motifs ABC, ABCC, ABCCC, and mixed types were orderly detected in the 39, 7, 1, and 5 strains. The cagPAI positivity included both intact and partially deleted, with the overall frequencies of 70.5% and 26.2%, respectively. The majority of the strains from patients with PUD (87.5%), gastric erosion (83.3%) and cancer (80%) presented an intact cagPAI, while a lower frequency of cagPAI intactness was detected in gastritis patients (61.1%). However, no significant relationship was found between the possession of intact cagPAI and clinical outcomes. Furthermore, we found that cagA and vacA s1m1 genotypes were significantly correlated with intact cagPAI (P=0.015 and P=0.012). A significant correlation was also found between EPIYA-ABC and intact cagPAI (P=0.010). The proposed PCR-based scheme was found to be useful for determining the intactness of cagPAI. Our findings also indicate that the cagPAI appears to be intact and rather conserved in majority of Iranian strains. Finally, our study proposed that H. pylori strains with partially deleted cagPAI were less likely to cause severe diseases in comparison with those carrying intact cagPAI.
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Vaziri F, Peerayeh SN, Alebouyeh M, Maghsoudi N, Azimzadeh P, Siadat SD, Zali MR. Novel effects of Helicobacter pylori CagA on key genes of gastric cancer signal transduction: a comparative transfection study. Pathog Dis 2014; 73:ftu021. [PMID: 25743471 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftu021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is now recognized as a worldwide problem. Helicobacter pylori CagA is the first bacterial oncoprotein to be identified in relation to human cancer. Helicobacter pylori CagA is noted for structural diversity in its C-terminal region (contains EPIYA motifs), with which CagA interacts with numerous host cell proteins. Deregulation of host signaling by translocated bacterial proteins provides a new aspect of microbial-host cell interaction. The aim of this study is to compare the cellular effects of two different CagA EPIYA motifs on identified signaling pathways involve in gastric carcinogenesis. To investigate the effects of CagA protein carboxyl region variations on the transcription of genes involved in gastric epithelial carcinogenesis pathways, the eukaryotic vector carrying the cagA gene (ABC and ABCCC types) was transfected into gastric cancer cell line. The 42 identified key genes of signal transduction involved in gastric cancer were analyzed at the transcription level by real-time PCR. The results of real-time PCR provide us important clue that the ABCCC oncoprotein variant can change the fate of the cell completely different from ABC type. In fact, these result proposed that the ABCCC type can induce the intestinal metaplasia, IL-8, perturbation of Crk adaptor proteins, anti-apoptotic effect and carcinogenic effect more significantly than ABC type. These data support our hypothesis of a complex interaction of host cell and these two different H. pylori effector variants that determines host cellular fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzam Vaziri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19835-187, Tehran, Iran Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O. Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran Department of Bacteriology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin N Peerayeh
- Department of Bacteriology, School of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-331, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Alebouyeh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19835-187, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Maghsoudi
- Neuroscience Research Center (NRC) and Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Azimzadeh
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19835-187, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed D Siadat
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, P.O. Box: 1316943551, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 19835-187, Tehran, Iran
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Wu Y, Zhang YL, Wang WB, Chen JP, Shen Y. Diversity of cagA gene 3' terminal variable region and its corresponding protein in Helicobacter pylori. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2007; 15:746-749. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v15.i7.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To study the diversity and structural characteristics of cagA (cytotoxin-associated gene A) gene 3' terminal variable region in Helicobacter pylori as well as their correlations with the outcome of H. pylori-related diseases.
METHODS: PCR products with positive H. pylori cagA were obtained from 20 cases and then sequenced by ExPASy-Translation software. Meanwhile, 3 to 6 cases of H. pylori 3' terminal variable region and amino acid sequence, collected from NCBI database in different countries, were comparatively analyzed.
RESULTS: The amino acid sequences were found with obvious regional characteristics, and could be classified into eastern-asian type and western type. Western-type aberrations occurred in some eastern-asian strains. Totally, 87.4% H. pylori stains contained 3 EPIYA motifs in series, and 8.2% strains had 4 or more EPIYA motifs. A new sequence containing 3 amino acids was found. There was no correlation between the numbers of EPIYA motifs in the amino acid sequences of cagA protein and the clinical outcomes.
CONCLUSION: There exists marked diversity in cagA gene and protein of H. pylori, which can be distinguished by the main sequences of H. pylori cagA 3' terminal variable region. The number of EPIYA motifs in cagA 3' terminal variable region is not correlated with the clinical outcomes of diseases.
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