1
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Kaneria M, Rakholiya K, Bavaliya KR, Pandya MH, Sipai TN, Vadher SA, Patel M, Yadav VK, Solanki R, Patel S, Sahoo DK, Patel A. Untargeted metabolomics-based identification of bioactive compounds from Mangifera indica L. seed extracts in drug discovery through molecular docking and assessment of their anticancer potential. J Sci Food Agric 2024. [PMID: 38416598 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mangifera indica L. (mango), a medicinal plant rich in biologically active compounds, has potential to be used in disease-preventing and health-promoting products. The present investigation reveals and uncovers bioactive metabolites with remarkable therapeutic efficiency from mango (family: Anacardiaceae) seeds. RESULTS Biological activity was determined by antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer assays, and metabolite profiling was performed on gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) and liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) platforms. Validation of active metabolites was carried out by in silico molecular docking (Molinspiration Cheminformatics Server and PASS). Extracted and identified metabolites were screened; 54 compounds associated with various groups were selected for the in silico interaction study. CONCLUSIONS Molecular docking revealed lead molecules with a potential binding energy score, efficacy and stable modulation with a selected protein domain. Investigation, directed by in vitro and in silico analysis, confirms mango seeds as an excellent source of potential metabolites as a therapeutic agent. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mital Kaneria
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Kalpna Rakholiya
- Institute of Biotechnology, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
- Department of Microbiology, Harivandana College, Rajkot, India
| | - Kaushal R Bavaliya
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Mohit H Pandya
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Tahir N Sipai
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | | | - Margi Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Virendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
| | - Raghu Solanki
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Sunita Patel
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, USA
| | - Ashish Patel
- Department of Life Sciences, Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan, India
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2
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Liu S, Huang Y, Duan Y, Xiang Z, Liu J, Zhou X, Chen Z. Volatile/semi-volatile metabolites profiling in living vegetables via a novel covalent triazine framework based solid-phase microextraction fiber coupled with GC-QTOF-MS. Food Chem 2024; 430:137064. [PMID: 37549619 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
An in vivo solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber with high-coverage capture capacity of plant endogenous substances based on the porous covalent triazine framework (CTF) material was developed. The CTF fiber coupled with gas chromatographic quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer (GC-QTOF-MS) analysis was used for monitoring untargeted endogenous metabolites in living Chinese cabbage plants (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino (var. communis Tsen et Lee)). A total of 100 endogenous substances were identified, mainly including aldehydes, ketones, acids, alcohols, phenols, alkanes, alkenes, esters, isorhodanates, nitriles, as well as indole and its derivatives. Using the in vivo metabolites analysis method, Chinese cabbage plants at different growing stages demonstrated significantly statistical differences in plant metabolism. In addition, metabolic dysregulation of Chinese cabbage plants under fipronil pesticide contamination was observed. To summarize, the proposed approach provides a feasible method to capture metabolic information in living vegetables and for risk assessment of pesticide use during agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yiquan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yingming Duan
- School of Chemistry and Material Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550001, China
| | - Zhangmin Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China; Institute of Advanced Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Xi Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China.
| | - Zhiyong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center Guangzhou), Guangzhou 510070, China.
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3
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Fan J, Xiao Z, Qiu W, Zhao C, Yi C, Lin D, Lin Z. Analysis of Metabolic Components of JUNCAO Wine Based on GC-QTOF-MS. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112254. [PMID: 37297498 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
JUNCAO wine fermentation metabolites are closely related to the final quality of the product. Currently, there are no studies of dynamic metabolite changes during fermentation of JUNCAO wine. Here, we used gas chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) metabolomics and multivariate statistical analysis to explore the relationship between metabolites and fermentation time. A total of 189 metabolites were annotated throughout the fermentation process. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a clear separation between the samples in the early and late stages of fermentation. A total of 60 metabolites were annotated as differential during the fermentation (variable importance in the projection, VIP > 1, and p < 0.05), including 21 organic acids, 10 amino acids, 15 sugars and sugar alcohols, and 14 other metabolites. Pathway analysis showed that the most commonly influenced pathways (impact value > 0.1 and p < 0.05) were tricarboxylic acid cycle, alanine, aspartic acid and glutamic acid metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and other 10 metabolic pathways. Moreover, integrated metabolic pathways are generated to understand the conversion and accumulation of differential metabolites. Overall, these results provide a comprehensive overview of metabolite changes during fermentation of JUNCAO wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlin Fan
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zheng Xiao
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Wanwei Qiu
- School of Life and Health Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chao Yi
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao, Fuzhou 350002, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dongmei Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhanxi Lin
- National Engineering Research Center of Juncao, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Zhang Q, Xu H, Song N, Liu S, Wang Y, Ye F, Ju Y, Jiao S, Shi L. New insight into fate and transport of organic compounds from pollution sources to aquatic environment using non-targeted screening: A wastewater treatment plant case study. Sci Total Environ 2023; 863:161031. [PMID: 36549534 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A variety of chemicals discharged into the aquatic environment by the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), which is a potential source of hazard to the ecological environment and human health. This study established a novel analytical method for all compounds using non-targeted screening to comprehensively explore the fate and transport of organic compounds from WWTP to aquatic environment. 3967 and 3636 features were detected in WWTP samples and river samples, respectively. Multi-level classification was applied to all identified compounds, and results showed that aliphatics were dominant in both abundance and response, accounting for an average of 35.49 % and 74.10 %, respectively. A total of 88 Emerging Contaminants (ECs), including 22 endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), 12 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), 12 pesticides, 10 volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 5 persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and 27 chemicals with other uses, were identified from all compounds, and their traceability analysis was performed. Furthermore, the contribution rate of organic compounds from WWTP effluent to river was calculated to be 33.60 % by the analysis of source-sink relationship. An in-depth and comprehensive exploration of the fate and transport of all organic compounds will help to provide guidelines for the treatment technologies and achieve the traceability of pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China; College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Hang Xu
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, PR China
| | - Ninghui Song
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
| | - Sitao Liu
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Fei Ye
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Yongming Ju
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Shaojun Jiao
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Lili Shi
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Nanjing 210042, PR China
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5
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Aimila A, Ma X, Sodik N, Mamat X, Aisa HA, Maiwulanjiang M. Separation and Qualitative Study of Mentha asiatica Boriss. Essential Oil Components by prep-GC, GC-QTOF-MS, NMR and Prediction of Bioactive Compounds. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202200566. [PMID: 36795002 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the material basis of wild Mentha asiatica Boris. in Xinjiang, the chemical constituents of essential oil extracted from aerial parts of this plant were studied. A total 52 components were detected and 45 compounds were identified. First of all, the essential oil was separated by silica gel column chromatography, and divided into several parts according to the results of thin layer chromatography. Eight fractions were obtained, and then each fragment was preliminarily screened for antibacterial activity. It was found that all eight fragments had certain antibacterial activity in different level. Then the fractions were subjected to preparative gas chromatography (prep-GC) for further isolation. Ten compounds were identified by 13 C-NMR, 1 H-NMR and gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight-Mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS). They are sabinene, limonene and β-caryophyllene, (1R*,3S*,5R*)-sabinyl acetate, piperitone oxide, rotundifolone, thymol, piperitone, 4-hydroxypiperiditone, cedrol. After screened by bioautography, 4-hydroxypiperone and thymol were showed best antibacterial activity. The inhibitory effects of the two isolated compounds on Candida albicans and their related mechanisms were studied. The results showed that, 4-hydroxypiperone and thymol significantly reduced ergosterol content on the surface of Candida albicans cell membrane in a dose-dependent manner. This work has accumulated experience for the development and utilization of Xinjiang characteristic medicinal plant resources and new drug research and development, and provided scientific basis and support for the later research and development of Mentha asiatica Boris.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoken Aimila
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Natural Products Chemistry, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing South Road 40-1, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Xueping Ma
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Natural Products Chemistry, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing South Road 40-1, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Numonov Sodik
- China-Tajik Innovation Center for Natural Products, 734063, Dushanbe, Tajikistan
| | - Xamxikamar Mamat
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Natural Products Chemistry, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing South Road 40-1, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - H A Aisa
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Natural Products Chemistry, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing South Road 40-1, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Maitinuer Maiwulanjiang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Natural Products Chemistry, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing South Road 40-1, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
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6
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Kim MK, Kim T, Choi J, Joo YE, Park H, Lee H, Lee C, Jang S, Vasseghian Y, Joo SW, Lee JI, Zoh KD. Analysis of semi-volatile organic compounds in indoor dust and organic thin films by house type in South Korea. Environ Res 2022; 214:113782. [PMID: 35810805 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in samples of indoor dust and organic thin films obtained from 100 residential houses in South Korea, were examined, based on both target analysis using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and non-target analysis by gas chromatography-quadrupole time-of flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) screening. In the targeted approach, phthalates and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed in dust and organic film samples, to find that both these classes of SVOCs were detected in dust and organic film samples, with the median concentrations of eight phthalates (Σ8 phthalate) and 16 PAHs (Σ16 PAH) being 1015.93 μg/g and 1824.97 ng/g in the dust samples, and 75.79 μg/m2 and 2252.78 ng/m2 in the organic film samples, respectively. Among the phthalates, in all house types. bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) was detected at the highest concentration, followed by dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and diisobuthyl phthalate (DiBP), with DEHP levels found to be highest in dwelling houses. DEHP levels were found to be significantly associated with building age and renovation status. Lower levels of DEHP were detected in houses less than 10 years old or that had undergone renovation in the previous 10 years. Among the assessed PAHs, a significant correlation was detected between benzo(a)pyrene in dust and building age (p < 0.05). These findings imply that the inhabitants of older houses are at a greater risk of exposure to SVOCs originating from indoor dust and organic films. Non-target screening of selected dust and organic film samples using GC-QTOF-MS data revealed the presence of numerous SVOC compounds, including triphenylphosphine oxide, (Z)-9-octadecenamide, and cyclosiloxanes, along with certain organophosphate flame retardants including tris(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris(1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCPP), and plasticizers. These compounds identified in the non-target screening are of emerging concern, and their presence in dust and organic films needs to be estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moon-Kyung Kim
- Institute of Health & Environment, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyeon Kim
- Institute of Health & Environment, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiseon Choi
- Korea Testing & Research Institute, Gwacheon, 13810, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye-Eun Joo
- Korea Testing & Research Institute, Gwacheon, 13810, Republic of Korea
| | - Heungjoo Park
- Institute of Health & Environment, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, 02713, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheolmin Lee
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Seokyeong University, Seoul, 02713, Republic of Korea
| | - Soonmin Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, Seoul, 143-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul, 06978, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Il Lee
- Korea Testing & Research Institute, Gwacheon, 13810, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung-Duk Zoh
- Institute of Health & Environment, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Urquiza-López A, Álvarez-Rivera G, Ballesteros-Vivas D, Cifuentes A, Del Villar-Martínez AA. Metabolite Profiling of Rosemary Cell Lines with Antiproliferative Potential against Human HT-29 Colon Cancer Cells. Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2021; 76:319-325. [PMID: 34264453 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-021-00892-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) is a culinary and medicinal plant used in food and pharmaceutical industry. The wide range of biological activities is mainly related to phenolic and terpenic compounds; like carnosic acid (CA), carnosol (CS) and rosmarinic acid (RA), mainly reported in rosemary leaf extracts, and recently described in rosemary callus extracts. The aim of this work was to investigate the chemical profile of rosemary cell lines and evaluate their antiproliferative potential against human HT-29 colorectal cancer cell lines. For this purpose, rosemary leaf explants were dedifferentiated on MS medium and added with 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid; 2 mg/L) and BAP (6-benzylaminopurine; 2 mg/L). Cell aggregates were separated according to colour and three rosemary cell lines cultures were established: green (RoG), yellow (RoY) and white (RoW). The chemical profile of rosemary cell lines extracts was characterized by combining HPLC and GC platforms coupled to HR-MS/MS. The antiproliferative activity against HT-29 cell line was analyzed with MTT assay. A total of 71 compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acid and hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, flavonoids, phenolic di- and triterpenes, as well as relevant unsaturated fatty acids and their esters, phytosterols, and carotenoids were tentatively identified in the extract of the target cell lines. The antiproliferative activity test against HT-29 cell using the MTT assay revealed that the viability of HT-29 colon cancer cells was affected after treatment with the RoW extract (IC50 of 49.63 μg/mL) at 48 h. These results showed that rosemary cell lines can also accumulate other bioactive phytochemicals with demonstrated antiproliferative potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araceli Urquiza-López
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, carretera Yautepec-Jojutla Km. 6, Calle CeProBi No 8, Col. San Isidro, 62731, Yautepec, Mor, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Álvarez-Rivera
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Ballesteros-Vivas
- High Pressure Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera 30 #45-03, Bogotá D.C., 111321, Colombia
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alma Angélica Del Villar-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Departamento de Biotecnología, Centro de Desarrollo de Productos Bióticos, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, carretera Yautepec-Jojutla Km. 6, Calle CeProBi No 8, Col. San Isidro, 62731, Yautepec, Mor, Mexico.
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8
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Suárez Montenegro ZJ, Álvarez-Rivera G, Mendiola JA, Ibáñez E, Cifuentes A. Extraction and Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Terpenes Recovered from Olive Leaves Using a New Adsorbent-Assisted Supercritical CO 2 Process. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061301. [PMID: 34198926 PMCID: PMC8229582 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports the use of GC-QTOF-MS to obtain a deep characterization of terpenoid compounds recovered from olive leaves, which is one of the largest by-products generated by the olive oil industry. This work includes an innovative supercritical CO2 fractionation process based on the online coupling of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and dynamic adsorption/desorption for the selective enrichment of terpenoids in the different olive leaves extracts. The selectivity of different commercial adsorbents such as silica gel, zeolite, and aluminum oxide was evaluated toward the different terpene families present in olive leaves. Operating at 30 MPa and 60 °C, an adsorbent-assisted fractionation was carried out every 20 min for a total time of 120 min. For the first time, GC-QTOF-MS allowed the identification of 40 terpenoids in olive leaves. The GC-QTOF-MS results indicate that silica gel is a suitable adsorbent to partially retain polyunsaturated C10 and C15 terpenes. In addition, aluminum oxide increases C20 recoveries, whereas crystalline zeolites favor C30 terpenes recoveries. The different healthy properties that have been described for terpenoids makes the current SFE-GC-QTOF-MS process especially interesting and suitable for their revalorization.
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9
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Yang C, Lambert P, Nguyen M, Yang Z, Hollebone BP, Fieldhouse B, Brown CE. Application of gas chromatography-high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in fingerprinting analysis of polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1630:461577. [PMID: 32980610 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs), as a group of major sulfur-containing compounds, widely occur in crude oil and its refined products. Accurate analyses of these petrochemical components play an important role in monitoring oil quality, forensic source identification, and assessment of environmental impact of an oil spill. PASHs occur at relatively lower abundances in most crude oils and refined petroleum products than their corresponding aromatic hydrocarbons and are co-eluted together with some petroleum hydrocarbons in chromatographic analysis, resulting in high uncertainty for their quantitation. Capillary gas chromatography coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) provides high resolution and high mass accuracy, which facilitates discrimination of the delicate mass defects of isobaric compounds with the same nominal mass and external matrix material. In this work, GC-QTOF-MS was applied to analyze bicyclic to pentacyclic PASHs including benzothiophenes, dibenzothiophenes, benzonaphthothiophenes, dinaphthothiophenes and their C1- to C4- alkylated homologues in a number of crude oils, refined petroleum products, and environmental samples. GC-QTOF-MS analysis substantially improved the identification confidence and reduced quantitation uncertainty of PASHs and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by eliminating the interferences presented in nominal mass chromatograms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Yang
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Patrick Lambert
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Monica Nguyen
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Zeyu Yang
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bruce P Hollebone
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ben Fieldhouse
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Carl E Brown
- Emergencies Science and Technology Section, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 335 River Road, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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10
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Watkins PJ. Characterization of Four Alkyl-branched Fatty Acids as Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, and Butyl Esters Using Gas Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry. ANAL SCI 2020; 36:425-429. [PMID: 31708560 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.19p349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Branched fatty chain fatty acids (BCFAs) are associated with the "mutton flavor" found with the aroma resulting from cooked older sheep meat with three BCFAs, 4-methyloctanoic (MOA), 4-ethyloctanoic (EOA) and 4-methylnonanoic (MNA) acids as the main compounds responsible for "mutton flavor". Usually, BCFA analysis is done by gas chromatography (GC) with the use of quadrupole mass spectrometry (qMS) becoming predominant. 2-Butyloctanoic acid (2BO) has been used in this facility using as an internal standard to determine BCFA content in sheep fat. In this present work, GC-qMS, along with GC-quadrupole-time of flight MS (GC-QTOF-MS), have been deployed to characterize alkyl esters (as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl) for MOA, EOA, MNA, and 2BO. This work presents, for the first time, the mass spectral characterization of 2BO for these alkyl esters using GC-qMS and GC-QTOF-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Watkins
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 671 Sneydes Road, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia.
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Martín-García B, Verardo V, León L, De la Rosa R, Arráez-Román D, Segura-Carretero A, Gómez-Caravaca AM. GC-QTOF-MS as valuable tool to evaluate the influence of cultivar and sample time on olive leaves triterpenic components. Food Res Int 2018; 115:219-226. [PMID: 30599934 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2018.08.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes play an important role in plant defense and have demonstrated beneficial effects in human health acting in disease prevention. In the present study, the determination of triterpenes compounds in olive leaves of six different cultivars grown at four dates was assessed in order to corroborate the influence of olive growth cycle on triterpenes content and to evaluate if the highest amounts are detected in correspondence to the olive oil production period when the leaves are one of the most important by-product. A GC-QTOF-MS methodology was optimized and validated, and five triterpenes were identified and quantified in all olive leaves samples analysed. ANOVA analyses revealed quantitative differences among sampling times and cultivars. Principal Component Analyses showed a good separation among triterpenes content for the different collecting seasons and cultivars. Picual, the most commonly grown olive today for olive oil production, was the cultivar that presented the highest concentrations of triterpenes and oleanolic acid the major triterpene in all cultivars at all sampling times (54-76.5% of total triterpenes). The triterpenes concentration is higher in June than in the other sampling times. Unfortunately, the leaves sampled at the stage that corresponded to the olive oil production were not the best one in terms of triterpenes content; however the decrease was never >15.5%. Thus, the present results confirm olive leaves a suitable source of bioactive compounds that can be used to obtain high added-value products enriched in triterpenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Martín-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Vito Verardo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, E-18071 Granada, Spain; Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology 'José Mataix', Biomedical Research Centre, University of Granada, Avenida del Conocimiento s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Lorenzo León
- IFAPA Centro Alameda del Obispo, Avda Menéndez Pidal, s/n, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Raúl De la Rosa
- IFAPA Centro Alameda del Obispo, Avda Menéndez Pidal, s/n, E-14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - David Arráez-Román
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avd. del Conocimiento, Bioregion building, 18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avd. del Conocimiento, Bioregion building, 18100, Granada, Spain
| | - Ana María Gómez-Caravaca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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Kaneria MJ, Rakholiya KD, Marsonia LR, Dave RA, Golakiya BA. Nontargeted metabolomics approach to determine metabolites profile and antioxidant study of Tropical Almond (Terminalia catappa L.) fruit peels using GC-QTOF-MS and LC-QTOF-MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2018; 160:415-427. [PMID: 30138813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to identify the metabolome pattern and study the biological efficacy of Almond (Terminalia catappa L.) peels. In the present study, metabolite profiling was carried out using GC-QTOF-MS and LC-QTOF-MS techniques, from the potent extract showed highest antioxidant efficacy. Antioxidant efficacy of the various extracts derived by six different extraction methods was assessed by different assays viz. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, superoxide, 2,2'-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl)benzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid diammonium salt radical cation inhibition assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The methanolic maceration extract showed significant antioxidant activity in all assays and richest source of flavonoid content. The results showed that the extraction method significantly altered the antioxidant activity. The correlation between the antioxidant activities and total flavonoid content were ranging between 0.939 to 0.628. Methanolic maceration extraction method proved to be the best extraction method for the extraction of antioxidant. During the metabolite profiling employed by GC-QTOF-MS and LC-QTOF-MS and total 24 and 53 compounds belongs to different groups were detected and identified, will help to uncover the relation with potent antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mital J Kaneria
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360005, India.
| | - K D Rakholiya
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360005, India
| | - L R Marsonia
- Department of Biosciences (UGC-CAS), Saurashtra University, Rajkot, 360005, India
| | - R A Dave
- Food Testing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, 362001, India
| | - B A Golakiya
- Food Testing Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh, 362001, India
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López-Cobo A, Martín-García B, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Gómez-Caravaca AM. Comparison of Two Stationary Phases for the Determination of Phytosterols and Tocopherols in Mango and Its By-Products by GC-QTOF-MS. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071594. [PMID: 28737686 PMCID: PMC5536081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Two different gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-QTOF-MS) methodologies were carried out for the analysis of phytosterols and tocopherols in the flesh of three mango cultivars and their by-products (pulp, peel, and seed). To that end, a non-polar column ((5%-phenyl)-methylpolysiloxane (HP-5ms)) and a mid-polar column (crossbond trifluoropropylmethyl polysiloxane (RTX-200MS)) were used. The analysis time for RTX-200MS was much lower than the one obtained with HP-5ms. Furthermore, the optimized method for the RTX-200MS column had a higher sensibility and precision of peak area than the HP-5ms methodology. However, RTX-200MS produced an overlapping between β-sitosterol and Δ⁵-avenasterol. Four phytosterols and two tocopherols were identified in mango samples. As far as we are concerned, this is the first time that phytosterols have been studied in mango peel and that Δ⁵-avenasterol has been reported in mango pulp. α- and γ-tocopherol were determined in peel, and α-tocopherol was the major tocopherol in this fraction (up to 81.2%); however, only α-tocopherol was determined in the pulp and seed. The peel was the fraction with the highest total concentration of phytosterols followed by seed and pulp, and "Sensación" was the cultivar with the highest concentration of total phytosterols in most cases. There were no significant differences between quantification of tocopherols with both columns. However, in most cases, quantification of phytosterols was higher with RTX-200MS than with HP-5ms column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana López-Cobo
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avd. del Conocimiento, Bioregion Building, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avd. del Conocimiento, Bioregion Building, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Antonio Segura-Carretero
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avd. del Conocimiento, Bioregion Building, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alberto Fernández-Gutiérrez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
- Functional Food Research and Development Center, Health Science Technological Park, Avd. del Conocimiento, Bioregion Building, 18100 Granada, Spain.
| | - Ana María Gómez-Caravaca
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avd. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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López-Cobo A, Verardo V, Diaz-de-Cerio E, Segura-Carretero A, Fernández-Gutiérrez A, Gómez-Caravaca AM. Use of HPLC- and GC-QTOF to determine hydrophilic and lipophilic phenols in mango fruit (Mangifera indica L.) and its by-products. Food Res Int 2017; 100:423-34. [PMID: 28964365 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Mango industry processing generates high quantities of mango by-products such as peels and seeds (35%-60% of the fruit). Indeed, it is known that mango and its by-products contain different families of bioactive compounds that possess several health benefits. Thus, the aim of this study has been the determination of different families of phenolic derivatives (free and bound phenolic compounds and alk(en)ylresorcinols (ARs)) in mango edible part and its by-products (peel, seed and seed husk) from three different cultivars. This is the first study that evaluates the phenolic compounds and ARs in the four fractions of mango of three different cultivars. Special attention has been paid to the determination of anthocyanins and ARs, because these families of compounds had not been studied in depth in mango. In fact, petunidin rutinoside-(p-coumaric acid) gallate was found in mango pulp, peel, seed and seed husk of the three cultivars and, it had never been described in mango before. It is also important to highlight that this is the first time that the identification and quantification of ARs have been performed in mango seed and seed husk; besides, four and five out of eleven alk(en)ylresorcinols detected in peel and pulp, respectively, were identified for the first time in these mango fractions. Furthermore, antioxidant activity was measured by ABTS and FRAP assays. Seed free and bound phenolic extracts showed the highest antioxidant capacity.
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