1
|
Hiraide T, Hayashi T, Ito Y, Urushibata R, Uchida H, Kitagata R, Ishigaki H, Ogata T, Saitsu H, Fukuda T. Case Report: Novel compound heterozygous TPRKB variants cause Galloway-Mowat syndrome. Front Pediatr 2024; 12:1360867. [PMID: 38628357 PMCID: PMC11018998 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2024.1360867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare genetic disease characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly with central nervous system abnormalities. Pathogenic variants in genes encoding kinase, endopeptidase, and other proteins of small size (KEOPS) complex subunits cause GAMOS. The subunit TPRKB (TP53RK binding protein) has been reported in only two patients with GAMOS with homozygous missense variants. Clinical report Herein, we described a three-year-old male with GAMOS. He exhibited developmental delay, developmental regression, microcephaly, distinctive facial features, skeletal abnormalities, and epilepsy. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed progressive brain atrophy, delayed myelination, T2-hypointense signals in the thalamus, and multiple intracranial abnormal signals on diffusion-weighted imaging. He presented with relapsing nephrotic proteinuria exacerbated by upper respiratory tract infections and progressive renal function decline. Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous missense and frameshift variants in TPRKB: c.224dup, p.(Ser76IlefsTer3) and c.247C>T, p.(Leu83Phe). Conclusions Our study supports that pathogenic TPRKB variants cause KEOPS complex-related GAMOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Hiraide
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Taiju Hayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Rei Urushibata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Uchida
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Kitagata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Ishigaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ogata
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu Medical Center, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Tokiko Fukuda
- Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
- Department of Hamamatsu Child Health and Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen Y, Yang Y, Yang Y, Rao J, Bai H. Diagnosis delay a family of Galloway-Mowat Syndrome caused by a classical splicing mutation of Lage3. BMC Nephrol 2023; 24:29. [PMID: 36755238 PMCID: PMC9909869 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-022-03000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a group of rare hereditary diseases by the combination of early onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies caused by WDR73, LAGE3, OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, GON7, WDR4 or NUP133 mutations. CASE PRESENTATION We present the clinical and genetic features of a two-year-old boy with early nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, growth retardation hypotonia and hypothyroidism. Genetic testing showed the presence of a canonical-splice mutation in the LAGE3 gene (NM_006014: c.188 + 1C > T). A total of nine female members of the family carried the variant. Seven male members died prematurely, and three of them suffered from nephrotic syndrome, which is consistent with the x-linked gene map of the disease. The overall symptoms of the disease due to the LAGE3 mutation were mild compared to other pathogenic genes. CONCLUSION As far as we know, this is the largest family case of GAMOS2 caused by LAGE3 mutation found so far. We also compared other subtypes of GAMOS. Due to the heterogeneity of the renal phenotype, regular proteinuria screening is recommended for all patients diagnosed with GAMOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- grid.412625.6Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China ,Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China ,grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233Institute of Pediatrics School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China
| | - Yan Yang
- grid.412625.6Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China ,Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China ,grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233Institute of Pediatrics School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China
| | - Yang Yang
- grid.412625.6Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China ,Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China ,grid.12955.3a0000 0001 2264 7233Institute of Pediatrics School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000 China
| | - Jia Rao
- grid.411333.70000 0004 0407 2968Department of Nephrology, Children’s Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100 China
| | - Haitao Bai
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China. .,Pediatric Key Laboratory of Xiamen, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China. .,Institute of Pediatrics School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang L, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Mao J. Novel LAGE3 Pathogenic Variants Combined with TRPC6 and NUP160 Variants in Galloway-Mowat Syndrome: A Case Report. Case Rep Nephrol Dial 2023; 13:148-155. [PMID: 37900929 PMCID: PMC10601869 DOI: 10.1159/000533580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly with brain anomalies in children. Researchers studying GAMOS reported the first pathogenic variant identified was the WDR73 gene, and more recently, four new pathogenic genes, OSGEP, LAGE3, TP53RK, and TPRKB, have been identified. In the present study, we report a new mutation of c.290T>G (p.L97R) LAGE3 in a 4-year-old boy with specific urological and nephrological complications. The patient presented with early-onset proteinuria, brain atrophy, delayed language and motor development, and axial hypotonia. This patient also had mutations in two other genes: TRPC6 and NUP160, make the clinical presentation of this patient more diverse. Our novel findings add to the spectrum of pathogenic variants in the LAGE3 gene. In addition, early genetic diagnosis of GAMOS is essential for genetic counseling and prenatal care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Limin Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Clinical Center of Pediatric Nephrology of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanfei Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children’s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beenstock J, Ona SM, Sicheri F. A suite of in vitro and in vivo assays for monitoring the activity of the pseudokinase Bud32. Methods Enzymol 2022; 667:729-73. [PMID: 35525560 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.03.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Bud32 is a member of the protein kinase superfamily that is invariably conserved in all eukaryotic and archaeal organisms. In both of these kingdoms, Bud32 forms part of the KEOPS (Kinase, Endopeptidase and Other Proteins of Small size) complex together with the three other core subunits Kae1, Cgi121 and Pcc1. KEOPS functions to generate the universal and essential tRNA post-transcriptional modification N6-theronylcarbamoyl adenosine (t6A), which is present at position A37 in all tRNAs that bind to codons with an A in the first position (ANN decoding tRNAs) and is essential for the fidelity of translation. Mutations in KEOPS genes in humans underlie the severe genetic disease Galloway-Mowat syndrome, which results in childhood death. KEOPS activity depends on two major functions of Bud32. Firstly, Bud32 facilitates efficient tRNA substrate recruitment to KEOPS and helps in positioning the A37 site of the tRNA in the active site of Kae1, which carries out the t6A modification reaction. Secondly, the enzymatic activity of Bud32 is required for the ability of KEOPS to modify tRNA. Unlike conventional protein kinases, which employ their enzymatic activity for phosphorylation of protein substrates, Bud32 employs its enzymatic activity to function as an ATPase. Herein, we present a comprehensive suite of assays to monitor the activity of Bud32 in KEOPS in vitro and in vivo. We present protocols for the purification of the archaeal KEOPS proteins and of a tRNA substrate, as well as protocols for monitoring the ATPase activity of Bud32 and for analyzing its role in tRNA binding. We further present a complementary protocol for monitoring the role Bud32 has in cell growth in yeast.
Collapse
|
5
|
Xu S, Hu L, Yang L, Wu B, Cao Y, Zhang R, Xu X, Ma H, Zhou W, Cheng G, Zhang P, Hu L. Galloway-Mowat Syndrome Type 3 Caused by OSGEP Gene Variants: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:899991. [PMID: 35783322 PMCID: PMC9249162 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.899991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galloway-Mowat syndrome type 3 (GAMOS3) is an extremely rare and severe autosomal-recessive disease characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome (NS), microcephaly and neurological impairment. Reported GAMOS cases have gradually increased since pathogenic OSGEP variants were identified as the aetiology in 2017. METHODS Using whole-exome sequencing and a data analysis process established by Children's Hospital of Fudan University, the clinical and molecular features of 3 infants with OSGEP mutations were summarized. Literature regarding the clinical features of GAMOS3 caused by OSGEP variants was reviewed. RESULTS Thirty-seven individuals (3 from this study) from 34 families were included. Twenty-two different OSGEP variants were identified. The c.740G>A (p.Arg247Gln) variant in OSGEP was detected in 15 families (44%), all from Asia. Most affected individuals (including patients I and II in this study) showed a typical phenotype, including microcephaly (92%) with brain anomalies (97%), developmental delay (81%), congenital NS (54%), and craniofacial (94%) and skeletal dysmorphism (84%). Renal manifestations varied from proteinuria (94%, median onset = 1.5 months) to NS (83%) and end-stage renal disease (48%, 11 months) during follow-up. Patients with congenital NS had a lower survival probability (median survival time = 3 months) than those without congenital NS (78 months) (P < 0.01, log-rank test). CONCLUSION GAMOS3 is a progressive renal-neurological syndrome with a poor prognosis, especially with congenital NS. Microcephaly with dysmorphic features are vital clues to further evaluate renal impairment and brain anomalies. Timely molecular diagnosis is crucial for clinical decision-making, appropriate treatment and genetic counselling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suhua Xu
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Hu
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Clinical Genetic Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingbing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Cao
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Neonatology, Xiamen Children's Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Zhuhai Women and Children's Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Wenhao Zhou
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Clinical Genetic Center, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, The Translational Medicine Center of Children Development and Disease of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqiang Cheng
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liyuan Hu
- Department of Neonatology, National Children's Medical Center, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Genetic studies of hereditary nephrotic syndrome (NS) have identified more than 50 genes that, if mutated, are responsible for monogenic forms of steroid-resistant NS (SRNS), either isolated or syndromic. Most of these genes encode proteins expressed in the podocyte with various functions such as transcription factors, mitochondrial proteins, or enzymes, but mainly structural proteins of the slit diaphragm (SD) as well as cytoskeletal binding and regulator proteins. Syndromic NS is sometimes associated with neurological features. Over recent decades, various studies have established links between the physiology of podocytes and neurons, both morphologically (slit diaphragm and synapse) and functionally (signaling platforms). Variants in genes expressed in different compartments of the podocyte and neurons are responsible for phenotypes associating kidney lesions with proteinuria (mainly Focal and Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) or Diffuse Mesangial Sclerosis (DMS)) and central and/or peripheral neurological disorders. The Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS, OMIM#251300) associates neurological defects, microcephaly, and proteinuria and is caused by variants in genes encoding proteins of various functions (microtubule cytoskeleton regulation (WDR73), regulation of protein synthesis via transfer RNAs (KEOPS and WDR4 complexes)). Pierson syndrome (OMIM#609049) associating congenital nephrotic syndrome and central neurological and ophthalmological anomalies is secondary to variants in LAMB2, involved in glomerular and ocular basement membranes. Finally, Charcot-Marie-Tooth-FSGS (OMIM#614455) combines peripheral sensory-motor neuropathy and proteinuria and arises from INF2 variants, resulting in cytoskeletal polymerization defects. This review focuses on genetic syndromes associating nephrotic range proteinuria and neurological involvement and provides the latest advances in the description of these neuro-renal disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Boyer
- Service de Néphrologie Pédiatrique, AP-HP, Centre de Référence de maladies rénales rares de l'enfant et de l'adulte (MARHEA), Hôpital Necker - Enfants Malades, 149 Rue de Sèvres, 75015, Paris, France.
- Institut Imagine, Laboratoire des maladies rénales héréditaires, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Géraldine Mollet
- Institut Imagine, Laboratoire des maladies rénales héréditaires, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Dorval
- Institut Imagine, Laboratoire des maladies rénales héréditaires, INSERM UMR 1163, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Service de Génétique Moléculaire, AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Teng H, Liang C, Liang D, Li Z, Wu L. Novel variants in OSGEP leading to Galloway-Mowat syndrome by altering its subcellular localization. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 523:297-303. [PMID: 34666032 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is an extremely rare clinically heterogeneous autosomal or X-linked inherited recessive disease characterized by early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), microcephaly and neurological impairment. In this study, two siblings mainly presenting with decreased head circumference, hypotonia, gross motor delay, and dysmorphic features were initially detected without pathogenic variants by karyotyping, SNP-array and WES. After a 3 year's follow-up, the proband manifested additional proteinuria, hematuria and "deeper sulci" with a sign of brain atrophy. By reanalysis on the proband's previous WES data, two novel compound heterozygous variants of OSGEP (c.133dupA; c.608C > T) were identified. Furthermore, functional studies showed that the variants reduced the expression of OSGEP protein and activated the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling in the lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) obtained from the patient. The analysis of protein localization with confocal microscopy revealed that the EGFP-tagged/HA-tagged mutant OSGEP proteins were abnormal aggregation or retained inside the cytosol, respectively. Our study not only expanded the pathogenic variant spectrum of OSGEP but also carried on regular follow-up for kidney involvement and established a strategy for evaluation on the function of mutant OSGFP by subcellular localization assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Teng
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Lingqian Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Treimer E, Niedermayer K, Schumann S, Zenker M, Schmeisser MJ, Kühl SJ. Galloway-Mowat syndrome: New insights from bioinformatics and expression during Xenopus embryogenesis. Gene Expr Patterns 2021; 42:119215. [PMID: 34619372 DOI: 10.1016/j.gep.2021.119215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare developmental disease. Patients suffer from congenital brain anomalies combined with renal abnormalities often resulting in an early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. The etiology of GAMOS has a heterogeneous genetic contribution. Mutations in more than 10 different genes have been reported in GAMOS patients. Among these are mutations in four genes encoding members of the human KEOPS (kinase, endopeptidase and other proteins of small size) complex, including OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB and LAGE3. Until now, these components have been functionally mainly investigated in bacteria, eukarya and archaea and in humans in the context of the discovery of its role in GAMOS, but the KEOPS complex members' expression and function during embryogenesis in vertebrates is still unknown. In this study, in silico analysis showed that both gene localization and the protein sequences of the three core KEOPS complex members Osgep, Tp53rk and Tprkb are highly conserved across different species including Xenopus laevis. In addition, we examined the spatio-temporal expression pattern of osgep, tp53rk and tprkb using RT-PCR and whole mount in situ hybridization approaches during early Xenopus development. We observed that all three genes were expressed during early embryogenesis and enriched in tissues and organs affected in GAMOS. More precisely, KEOPS complex genes are expressed in the pronephros, but also in neural tissue such as the developing brain, eye and cranial cartilage. These findings suggest that the KEOPS complex plays an important role during vertebrate embryonic development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernestine Treimer
- Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Niedermayer
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sven Schumann
- Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael J Schmeisser
- Institute for Microscopic Anatomy and Neurobiology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Susanne J Kühl
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nawata A, Morishita T, Hisano S, Nakagawa K, Kusuhara K, Nakayama T. An unusual kidney presentation of severe proteinuria in a 2-year-old girl: Answers. Pediatr Nephrol 2021; 36:1153-1157. [PMID: 32789578 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-020-04676-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aya Nawata
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Morishita
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hisano
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kaneyasu Nakagawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Koichi Kusuhara
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakayama
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Domingo-Gallego A, Furlano M, Pybus M, Barraca D, Martínez AB, Mora Muñoz E, Torra R, Ars E. Novel homozygous OSGEP gene pathogenic variants in two unrelated patients with Galloway-Mowat syndrome: case report and review of the literature. BMC Nephrol 2019; 20:126. [PMID: 30975089 PMCID: PMC6458604 DOI: 10.1186/s12882-019-1317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by early-onset nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly with brain anomalies. WDR73 pathogenic variants were described as the first genetic cause of GAMOS and, very recently, four novel causative genes, OSGEP, LAGE3, TP53RK, and TPRKB, have been identified. Case presentation We present the clinical and genetic characteristics of two unrelated infants with clinical suspicion of GAMOS who were born from consanguineous parents. Both patients showed a similar clinical presentation, with early-onset nephrotic syndrome, microcephaly, brain atrophy, developmental delay, axial hypotonia, and early fatality. We identified two novel likely disease-causing variants in the OSGEP gene. These two cases, in conjunction with the findings of a literature review, indicate that OSGEP pathogenic variants are associated with an earlier onset of nephrotic syndrome and shorter life expectancy than WDR73 pathogenic variants. Conclusions Our findings expand the spectrum of pathogenic variants in the OSGEP gene and, taken in conjunction with the results of the literature review, suggest that the OSGEP gene should be considered the main known monogenic cause of GAMOS. Early genetic diagnosis of GAMOS is of paramount importance for genetic counseling and family planning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Domingo-Gallego
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Cartagena 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mónica Furlano
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marc Pybus
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Cartagena 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Daniel Barraca
- Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Roser Torra
- Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Ars
- Molecular Biology Laboratory, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Cartagena 340-350, 08025, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. .,Nephrology Department, Fundació Puigvert, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Sant Pau (IIB-Sant Pau), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, REDinREN, Instituto de Investigación Carlos III, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin PY, Tseng MH, Zenker M, Rao J, Hildebrandt F, Lin SH, Lin CC, Chang JH, Hsu CH, Lee MD, Lin SP, Tsai JD. Galloway-Mowat syndrome in Taiwan: OSGEP mutation and unique clinical phenotype. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018; 13:226. [PMID: 30558655 PMCID: PMC6296068 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-018-0961-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the combination of glomerulopathy with early-onset nephrotic syndrome and microcephaly with central nervous system anomalies. Given its clinical heterogeneity, GAMOS is believed to be a genetically heterogenous group of disorders. Recently, it has been reported that mutations in KEOPS-encoding genes, including the OSGEP gene, were responsible for GAMOS. Results Overall, 6 patients from 5 different Taiwanese families were included in our study; the patients had an identical OSGEP gene mutation (c.740G > A transition) and all exhibited a uniform clinical phenotype with early-onset nephrotic syndrome, craniofacial and skeletal dysmorphism, primary microcephaly with pachygyria, and death before 2 years of age. We reviewed their clinical manifestations, the prenatal and postnatal presentations and ultrasound findings, results of imaging studies, associated anomalies, and outcome on follow-up. All individuals were found to have an “aged face” comprising peculiar facial dysmorphisms. Arachnodactyly or camptodactyly were noted in all patients. Neurological findings consisted of microcephaly, hypotonia, developmental delay, and seizures. Brain imaging studies all showed pachygyria and hypomyelination. All patients developed early-onset nephrotic syndrome. The proteinuria was steroid-resistant and eventually resulted in renal function impairment. Prenatal ultrasound findings included microcephaly, intrauterine growth restriction, and oligohydramnios. Fetal MRI in 2 patients confirmed the gyral and myelin abnormalities. Conclusions Our study suggests that a careful review of the facial features can provide useful clues for an early and accurate diagnosis. Prenatal ultrasound findings, fetal MRI, genetic counseling, and mutation analysis may be useful for an early prenatal diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hua Tseng
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Martin Zenker
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shih-Hua Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chen Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hsing Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chyong-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Dar Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Hsinchu MacKay Memorial Hospital, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Shuan-Pei Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatric Genetics, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Jeng-Daw Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Chung-Shan North Road, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang PZT, Prasad C, Rodriguez Cuellar CI, Filler G. Nephrological and urological complications of homozygous c.974G>A (p.Arg325Gln) OSGEP mutations. Pediatr Nephrol 2018; 33:2201-2204. [PMID: 30141175 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-018-4060-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) (OMIM #251300) is a severe autosomal recessive disease characterized by the combination of early-onset steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) and microcephaly with brain anomalies caused by WDR73 as well as OSGEP, TP53RK, TPRKB, or LAGE3 mutations. OBJECTIVE We report on the hitherto undescribed urological and nephrological complications of the homozygous c.974G>A (p.Arg325Gln) OSGEP mutations in a 7-year-old Caucasian girl. CASE DIAGNOSIS The patient came to the attention of pediatric nephrology at the age of 3 years and 11 months, when she presented with status epilepticus due to profound hypomagnesemia (0.31 mmol/L, normal 0.65-1.05). A 24-h urine demonstrated a magnesium loss of 0.6 mmol/kg/day with associated proteinuria suggesting renal tubulopathy. Subsequently, she developed recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and was diagnosed with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. The patient continued to have UTIs associated with seizures and sequential cultures growing multi-drug-resistant organisms despite of antibiotic prophylaxis. In addition, the proteinuria (median microalbumin/creatinine ratio 647 mg/mmol) increased, and she developed partial Fanconi syndrome. At age 7, she developed a large bladder calculus (3.3 × 3.2 cm) and three left non-obstructing renal calculi associated with elevated urinary cystine, hypercalciuria, and ongoing hypomagnesemia and required surgical intervention. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) remained normal and she never developed frank nephrotic syndrome (average albumin 31 g/L). CONCLUSIONS It is unclear if patients with OSGEP mutations with tubular symptoms rather than nephrotic syndrome should be considered a different entity. Nephrological and urological complications of OSGEP mutations can be challenging and require a multidisciplinary approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Zhan Tao Wang
- Department of Surgery, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Chitra Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Children's Hospital, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
- Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Carmen Inés Rodriguez Cuellar
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Children's Hospital, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada
| | - Guido Filler
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, Children's Hospital, London Health Science Centre, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
- Children's Health Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6C 2V5, Canada.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N5A 5A5, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.
- Lilibeth Caberto Kidney Clinical Research Unit, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Braun DA, Shril S, Sinha A, Schneider R, Tan W, Ashraf S, Hermle T, Jobst-Schwan T, Widmeier E, Majmundar AJ, Daga A, Warejko JK, Nakayama M, Schapiro D, Chen J, Airik M, Rao J, Schmidt JM, Hoogstraten CA, Hugo H, Meena J, Lek M, Laricchia KM, Bagga A, Hildebrandt F. Mutations in WDR4 as a new cause of Galloway-Mowat syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:2460-2465. [PMID: 30079490 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.40489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS) is a phenotypically heterogeneous disorder characterized by neurodevelopmental defects combined with renal-glomerular disease, manifesting with proteinuria. To identify additional monogenic disease causes, we here performed whole exome sequencing (WES), linkage analysis, and homozygosity mapping in three affected siblings of an Indian family with GAMOS. Applying established criteria for variant filtering, we identify a novel homozygous splice site mutation in the gene WDR4 as the likely disease-causing mutation in this family. In line with previous reports, we observe growth deficiency, microcephaly, developmental delay, and intellectual disability as phenotypic features resulting from WDR4 mutations. However, the newly identified allele additionally gives rise to proteinuria and nephrotic syndrome, a phenotype that was never reported in patients with WDR4 mutations. Our data thus expand the phenotypic spectrum of WDR4 mutations by demonstrating that, depending on the specific mutated allele, a renal phenotype may be present. This finding suggests that GAMOS may occupy a phenotypic spectrum with other microcephalic diseases. Furthermore, WDR4 is an additional example of a gene that encodes a tRNA modifying enzyme and gives rise to GAMOS, if mutated. Our findings thereby support the recent observation that, like neurons, podocytes of the renal glomerulus are particularly vulnerable to cellular defects resulting from altered tRNA modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Braun
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shirlee Shril
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Aditi Sinha
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ronen Schneider
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Weizhen Tan
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Shazia Ashraf
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tobias Hermle
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tilman Jobst-Schwan
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Eugen Widmeier
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Amar J Majmundar
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ankana Daga
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jillian K Warejko
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Makiko Nakayama
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - David Schapiro
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Merlin Airik
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jia Rao
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Charlotte A Hoogstraten
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Hannah Hugo
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jitendra Meena
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Monkol Lek
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kristen M Laricchia
- Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Arvind Bagga
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Friedhelm Hildebrandt
- Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Al-Rakan MA, Abothnain MD, Alrifai MT, Alfadhel M. Extending the ophthalmological phenotype of Galloway-Mowat syndrome with distinct retinal dysfunction: a report and review of ocular findings. BMC Ophthalmol 2018; 18:147. [PMID: 29929488 PMCID: PMC6013877 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-018-0820-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GMS) is a rare autosomal recessive condition first described in 1968 and characterized by microcephaly and infantile onset of central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities resulting in severely delayed psychomotor development, cerebellar atrophy, epilepsy, and ataxia, as well as renal abnormalities such as nephrotic syndrome, proteinuria, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and hiatal hernia. Case presentation We describe a GMS case diagnosed with homozygous missense mutation in the WDR73 gene, with absence of renal abnormalities. We expanded the clinical phenotype of GMS with WDR73 gene defect to include retinal dysfunction with missense mutation and developmental dysplasia of the hip. We compared eye findings of our case to previously reported cases, and we present an electroretinogram (ERG) picture for the first time in the literature. Conclusion We recommend that clinicians screen patients with GM syndrome for retinal dysfunction and that a skeletal survey should be done to detect developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) so as to provide for early intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Al-Rakan
- Deapartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal D Abothnain
- Deapartment of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad T Alrifai
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdullah Specialized Children Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), PO Box 22490, Riyadh, 11426, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rosti RO, Sotak BN, Bielas SL, Bhat G, Silhavy JL, Aslanger AD, Altunoglu U, Bilge I, Tasdemir M, Yzaguirrem AD, Musaev D, Infante S, Thuong W, Marin-Valencia I, Nelson SF, Kayserili H, Gleeson JG. Homozygous mutation in NUP107 leads to microcephaly with steroid-resistant nephrotic condition similar to Galloway-Mowat syndrome. J Med Genet 2017; 54:399-403. [PMID: 28280135 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microcephaly with nephrotic syndrome is a rare co-occurrence, constituting the Galloway-Mowat syndrome (GAMOS), caused by mutations in WDR73 (OMIM: 616144). However, not all patients harbour demonstrable WDR73 deleterious variants, suggesting that there are other yet unidentified factors contributing to GAMOS aetiology. METHODS Autozygosity mapping and candidate analysis was used to identify deleterious variants in consanguineous families. Analysis of patient fibroblasts was used to study splicing and alterations in cellular function. RESULTS In two consanguineous families with five affected individuals from Turkey with a GAMOS-like presentation, we identified a shared homozygous variant leading to partial exon 4 skipping in nucleoporin, 107-KD (NUP107). The founder mutation was associated with concomitant reduction in NUP107 protein and in the obligate binding partner NUP133 protein, as well as density of nuclear pores in patient cells. CONCLUSION Recently, NUP107 was suggested as a candidate in a family with nephrotic syndrome and developmental delay. Other NUP107-reported cases had isolated renal phenotypes. With the addition of these individuals, we implicate an allele-specific critical role for NUP107 in the regulation of brain growth and a GAMOS-like presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasim Ozgur Rosti
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Bethany N Sotak
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Stephanie L Bielas
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Gifty Bhat
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA.,Division of Pediatric Genetics
, The Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L Silhavy
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | | | - Umut Altunoglu
- Department Medical Genetics, Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilmay Bilge
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Tasdemir
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Amanda D Yzaguirrem
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Damir Musaev
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Sofia Infante
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Whitney Thuong
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Isaac Marin-Valencia
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanley F Nelson
- Program in Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hulya Kayserili
- Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul 34010, Turkey.,Department of Medical Genetics, Koç University, School of Medicine (KUSoM), Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.,Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rosti RO, Dikoglu E, Zaki MS, Abdel-Salam G, Makhseed N, Sese JC, Musaev D, Rosti B, Harbert MJ, Jones MC, Vaux KK, Gleeson JG. Extending the mutation spectrum for Galloway-Mowat syndrome to include homozygous missense mutations in the WDR73 gene. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170A:992-8. [PMID: 27001912 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Galloway-Mowat syndrome is a rare autosomal-recessive disorder classically described as the combination of microcephaly and nephrotic syndrome. Recently, homozygous truncating mutations in WDR73 (WD repeat domain 73) were described in two of 31 unrelated families with Galloway-Mowat syndrome which was followed by a report of two sibs in an Egyptian consanguineous family. In this report, seven affecteds from four families showing biallelic missense mutations in WDR73 were identified by exome sequencing and confirmed to follow a recessive model of inheritance. Three-dimensional modeling predicted conformational alterations as a result of the mutation, supporting pathogenicity. An additional 13 families with microcephaly and renal phenotype were negative for WDR73 mutations. Missense mutations in the WDR73 gene are reported for the first time in Galloway-Mowat syndrome. A detailed phenotypic comparison of all reported WDR73-linked Galloway-Mowat syndrome patients with WDR73 negative patients showed that WDR73 mutations are limited to those with classical Galloway-Mowat syndrome features, in addition to cerebellar atrophy, thin corpus callosum, brain stem hypoplasia, occasional coarse face, late-onset and mostly slow progressive nephrotic syndrome, and frequent epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rasim O Rosti
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York
| | - Esra Dikoglu
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York
| | - Maha S Zaki
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada Abdel-Salam
- Division of Human Genetics and Genome Research, Department of Clinical Genetics, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nawal Makhseed
- Pediatric Department, Al-Jahra Hospital, Jahra City, Kuwait
| | - Jordan C Sese
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York
| | - Damir Musaev
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York
| | - Basak Rosti
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York
| | - Mary J Harbert
- Rady Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Marilyn C Jones
- Rady Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Sharp Mary Birch Hospital, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Keith K Vaux
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego School of Medicine, San Diego, California
| | - Joseph G Gleeson
- Laboratory for Pediatric Brain Diseases, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York City, New York
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chen BB, Prasad C, Kobrzynski M, Campbell C, Filler G. Seizures Related to Hypomagnesemia: A Case Series and Review of the Literature. Child Neurol Open 2016; 3:2329048X16674834. [PMID: 28503619 PMCID: PMC5417264 DOI: 10.1177/2329048x16674834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Childhood seizures have various nonneurological etiologies. The patient's magnesium levels should be measured when evaluating afebrile seizures. The purpose of the current case series is to describe a systematic approach for diagnosing hypomagnesemia using 3 recent patient cases. METHODS This case series describes 3 patients with unprovoked hypomagnesemia-associated seizures. The authors describe the differential diagnosis, pathophysiology, and the workup of hypomagnesemia-associated seizures. RESULTS Hypomagnesemia contributed to the cause of the seizures in all 3 cases. Various causes of hypomagnesemia were investigated, including genetic etiologies. All 3 patients were maintained at a magnesium level >0.65 mmol/L, which improved or eliminated the seizures. SIGNIFICANCE Magnesium levels should always be measured when trying to determine the etiology of seizures. Hypomagnesemia and afebrile seizures should be treated with the goal of maintaining a magnesium concentration >0.65 mmol/L. Although rare, genetic causes of hypomagnesemia should be considered, once common causes of hypomagnesemia are ruled out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Becky Biqi Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chitra Prasad
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marta Kobrzynski
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Craig Campbell
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Epidemiology and Clinical Neurological Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Guido Filler
- Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Children’s Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Mubarak M, Lanewala A, Hashmi S. Early onset nephrotic syndrome with dysmorphic facies and microcephaly. J Nephropathol 2015; 4:101-4. [PMID: 26312239 PMCID: PMC4544554 DOI: 10.12860/jnp.2015.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammed Mubarak
- Histopathology Department, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
,Corresponding author: Prof. Muhammed Mubarak, Histopathology Department, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Ali Lanewala
- Nephrology Department, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Seema Hashmi
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|