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Gangwar C, Mishra AK, Gururaj K, Kumar A, Kharche SD, Saraswat S, Kumar R, Ramachandran N. Semen quality and total microbial load: An association study in important Indian Goat breeds during different seasons. Andrologia 2021; 53:e13995. [PMID: 33629781 DOI: 10.1111/and.13995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The invasion of the male urogenital tract by microorganisms, and its subsequent effects on sperm fertilising ability, has not been well discussed in bucks. The present study was conducted to assess the bacterial load in fresh semen of the 2-6 years old bucks. For conducting the experiment, semen ejaculates from 18 bucks (6 from each breed namely Jakhrana, Jamunapari and Barbari) were used. We collected 5 ejaculates from each buck in each season (Summer-April to June, Rainy-July to Sept and Winter-November to January). Semen was collected with the artificial vagina (AV) method, and separate AV was used for each buck every time. The semen collection frequency was once in a week. Immediately after initial evaluation, collected semen samples were transferred to the microbiology laboratory of the institute. Thereafter, the semen samples were subjected to bacteriological examination to assess the microbial load. The results of the current study indicate that the microbial load in the semen was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the Jamunapari bucks and in aged bucks. Bacteriospermia in different seasons was not significantly varied; however, nonsignificant increase in microbial load during the rainy season was observed. Overall, the average bacterial load in the semen of Jamunapari, Barbari and Jakhrana bucks was found 540.50 ± 55.88 CFU/ml, 391.81 ± 46.33CFU/ml and 388.93 ± 44.71 CFU/ml respectively. No significant difference in bacterial counts in the subsequent ejaculates among bucks was observed. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed that the proportions of motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity were negatively influenced by the increased bacterial contamination of buck semen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Gangwar
- Animal Physiology & Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (ICAR-CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anil Kumar Mishra
- Animal Health Division, ICAR-CIRG, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaresan Gururaj
- Animal Health Division, ICAR-CIRG, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anshuman Kumar
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Mirzapur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suresh Dinkar Kharche
- Animal Physiology & Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (ICAR-CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sonia Saraswat
- Animal Physiology & Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats (ICAR-CIRG), Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravindra Kumar
- Animal Nutrition, Management & Product Technology Division, ICAR-CIRG, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Natesan Ramachandran
- Bioenergetics and Environmental Sciences Division, ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology (ICAR-NIANP), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Kumar N, Rai B, Bhat SA, Kharche SD, Gangwar C, Jindal SK, Chandra S. Effect of management system and season on semen freezability in Jakhrana bucks. Vet World 2016; 9:199-202. [PMID: 27051208 PMCID: PMC4819372 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2015.199-202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2015] [Revised: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The objective of the study was to determine the effect of the management system (intensive and semi-intensive) and season (autumn and winter) on semen freezability in Jakhrana bucks. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 24 Jakhrana bucks of same body weight and age (BW=30 kg, age=1 year) were randomly allotted into two groups, viz., Group I (intensive system, 12 bucks) and Group II (semi-intensive system, 12 bucks). These two groups were statistically tested for their homogeneity with respect to age and BW. Semen was collected twice weekly using an artificial vagina during two seasons: autumn (September-November) and winter (December-February). A total of 240 semen samples (120 from each group and season) were evaluated for post-thaw motility (PTM), viability, abnormality, functional membrane integrity (hypo-osmotic swelling [HOS]) response and acrosomal integrity. RESULTS The mean values of PTM and acrosomal integrity of spermatozoa were significantly (p<0.01) higher in Group II as compared to Group I. The mean values of viability and abnormality were also differed significant (p<0.05) between groups. However, the mean values of HOS response were found non-significant (p>0.05) between groups. The season showed a significant effect on all parameters except viability and HOS response. The PTM and acrosomal integrity of spermatozoa were significantly (p<0.01) higher in winter as compared to autumn season. Abnormality of spermatozoa was significantly (p<0.05) lower in winter season. CONCLUSIONS This study indicates that both management system and season influence semen freezability. The semen collected from bucks reared under the semi-intensive system and winter season showed better semen freezability characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Kumar
- Department of Livestock Production and Management, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - B Rai
- Department of Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Showkat A Bhat
- Department of Livestock Production and Management, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
| | - S D Kharche
- Department of Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chetna Gangwar
- Department of Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S K Jindal
- Department of Physiology Reproduction and Shelter Management, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Goats, Mathura - 281 001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Livestock Production and Management, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India
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