Crossed pulmonary arteries as additional cause of dysphagia in association with right aortic arch and Kommerell diverticulum

We describe an uncommon association of crossed pulmonary arteries and a right aortic arch with a Kommerell diverticulum and a left ligamentum arteriosum, resulting in disabling dysphagia in a 33-year-old woman. First, endovascular exclusion of the Kommerell diverticulum was performed using a thoracic stent graft, associated with left subclavian-carotid transposition. Second, open aneurysmorrhaphy and division of the left ligamentum arteriosum allowed a proper release of the oesophageal compression. Dysphagia completely disappeared in the postoperative course. Control computed tomography angiography at 6-month follow-up showed a satisfactory hybrid repair. A complete understanding of the combined effects of these two anatomical variations on oesophageal compression led to a suitable surgical management.