The relationship between clinical symptoms of oral lichen planus and quality of life related to oral health

INTRODUCTION

Oral Lichen Planus (OLP) is a chronic and relatively common mucocutaneous disease that often affects the oral mucosa. Although, OLP is generally not life-threatening, its consequences can significantly impact the quality of life in physical, psychological, and social aspects. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between clinical symptoms of OLP and oral health-related quality of life in patients using the OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile-14) questionnaire.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This descriptive-analytical study has a cross-sectional design, with case-control comparison. In this study, 56 individuals were examined as cases, and 68 individuals were included as controls. After recording demographic characteristics and clinical features by reviewing patients' records, the OHIP-14 questionnaire including clinical severity of lesions assessed using the Thongprasom scoring system, and pain assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) were completed. The ADD (Additive) and SC (Simple Count) methods were used for scoring, and data analysis was performed using the T-test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-Square, Spearman's Correlation Coefficient, and SPSS 24.

RESULTS

Nearly all patients (50 individuals, 89.3%) reported having pain, although the average pain intensity was mostly mild. This disease has affected the quality of life in 82% of the patients (46 individuals). The patient group, in comparison to the control group, significantly expressed a lower quality of life in terms of functional limitations and physical disability. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between clinical symptoms of OLP, gender, location (palate), and clinical presentation type (erosive, reticular, and bullous) of OLP lesions with OHIP-14 scores, although the number or bilaterality of lesions and patient age did not have any significant correlation with pain or OHIP scores.

CONCLUSION

It appears that certain aspects of oral health-related quality of life decrease in patients with OLP, and that of the OLP patient group is significantly lower in terms of functional limitations and physical disability compared to the control group. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between clinical symptoms of OLP and pain as well as OHIP scores.

The impact of unmet treatment need on oral health related quality of life: a questionnaire survey

BACKGROUND

Based on the present global burden of oral diseases, unmet dental needs affect a more significant population worldwide. It is characterised by the need for dental care but receiving delayed or no care. The contributing factors include lack of knowledge about oral health, its consequences, and the availability of dental services. We need to find out the scale of the problem of unmet dental needs for the south Indian population. Therefore, the objective was to determine the relationship between the presence of oral disease and the quality of life-related to oral health using the OHIP-14 tool.

METHODS

The unmet dental requirements of the south Indian population were determined using a cross-sectional questionnaire survey. Close-ended questions were used to obtain data from two investigators trained to record the answers from the patients. The data was collected using the OHIP-14 questionnaire, which consists of 14 items divided into seven domains with two questions each. Physical pain, psychological impairment, physical disability, psychological disability, social disability, and disability were all considered. An additional analysis of artificial neural network (ANN) was done.

RESULTS

The response rate was 100 per cent. N = 1029 people replied to the questionnaire about their unmet dental needs. N = 497 (48.3%) were men, whereas N = 532 (51.7%) were women. The average age was 31.7811.72. As their current occupation, most of the included subjects (60.1%) were students. The respondents had no known personal habits and a mixed diet (94.93%). The average BMI was 24.022.59 (14-30.9). OHIP was present in 62.3% of the population. The average OHIP-14 severity score was 10.97. (8.54). The severity and degree of unmet dental need were substantial (p0.01) due to pain in the mouth/teeth/gums, malocclusion, and gum bleeding. The most common OHIP-14 domains affected by unmet oral needs were psychological discomfort, psychological limitation, social limitation, and feeling handicapped. The analysis of ANN revealed that high OHIP scores were primarily attributed to dental caries, poor oral health, and dental aesthetics.

CONCLUSION

The severity and degree of unmet dental needs were significant among the south Indian population. The most common oral health status that impacted OHIP-14 domains were pain, malocclusion, and bleeding gums. These patients were significantly impacted by psychological discomfort and social limitations and felt handicapped.

Oral health and oral-health-related quality of life in people with X-linked hypophosphatemia

BACKGROUND

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a type of vitamin D-resistant rickets. It is the most common form of it and is related with oral health problems. This study aimed to analyze the OHRQoL of people suffering from XLH and measure physical oral health to confirm or refute evidence of reduced oral health.

METHODS

The German version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14G), was used to measure OHRQoL. All study participants underwent clinical examination, and oral health was scored using the Physical Oral Health Index (PhOX).

RESULTS

A total of 26 people participated in the study, of whom five were male and 21 were female. The average participant age was 40.9 ± 12.8 years. The OHIP-14G score was 14.3 (± 12.1; 95% CI: 9.37. 19.16) points (range 0-44 points). The PhOX score was 77.1 (± 9.9; 95% CI: 73.10-81.13) points (range 61-95 points).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study confirm that oral health and OHRQoL are both reduced in the studied cohort of people affected by XLH. Particular attention should be paid to perfect oral hygiene in people with XLH, as the impaired enamel mineralisation increases the risk of caries and thus also the occurrence of apical infections.

The Association Between Oral Mucosal Lesions and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Using the Validated Indonesian Version of OHIP-14 Among People Living with HIV/AIDS

Background

Oral mucosal lesions in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients, posing a concern for healthcare professionals, impact their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to evaluate the association between oral mucosal lesions and OHRQoL as measured by the validated Indonesian version of the oral health impact profile-14 questionnaire (OHIP-14) among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA).

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Central Referral Hospital in West Java, Indonesia. The validity of OHIP-14 was evaluated in 30 PLWHA using inter-item corrected correlation, while reliability was assessed through Cronbach's alpha and kappa coefficient agreement. Subsequently, a consecutive sample of 110 PLWHA self-completed the validated Indonesian version of OHIP-14 and underwent an oral examination. The association between oral mucosal lesions and OHRQoL was analyzed using the chi-squared test.

Results

The validity test of the OHIP-14 questionnaire produced a rcount > 0.189, meaning that all question items were valid and could be used to describe OHRQoL. The reliability test of the OHIP-14 questionnaire produced a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.960 (> 0.7), which means that overall, the OHIP-14 questionnaire is reliable and feasible to be used to assess OHRQoL. Among the 110 enrolled participants, 61.8% were female and 38.2% were male, with the mean age 23.5 years old, the majority of them (59.1%) had been taking antiretrovirals (ARV), and (81.5%) had good QoL. There was a statistically significant relationship between oral lesions and quality of life (p<0.05), particularly acute pseudomembranous candidiasis, angular cheilitis, recurrent intraoral herpes, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome.

Conclusion

This study indicated a significant association between oral mucosal lesions and OHRQoL in PLWHA. The successfully validated Indonesian version of the OHIP-14 questionnaire serves as a reliable and effective tool for assessing OHRQoL among PLWHA.

Assessing the Impact of Precancerous Lesions on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Study at Tertiary Care Hospital

Objective

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a cohort of 500 patients diagnosed with precancerous lesions and conditions at a tertiary care hospital in Central India.

Methods

500 patients with confirmed precancerous oral lesions and conditions were recruited for the study. The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire, a validated instrument consisting of 14 items, was used to assess the OHRQoL of the participants. The OHIP-14 questionnaire scores were statistically analyzed using appropriate methods.

Results

The majority of the participants were with a mean age of 48 years. The mean OHIP-14 score was calculated to be 45.1, indicating the overall impact of oral health on the quality of life of patients with precancerous lesions and conditions. The individual domains most affected were functional limitations and physical pain.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates that promoting oral health awareness and regular screenings in the community is needed to prevent the progression of oral precancerous conditions and ultimately reduce the burden of oral cancer.

Oral health-related quality of life among diabetic patients: A cross-sectional controlled study

Introduction

Diabetes is a widespread chronic metabolic condition that has a significant negative influence on a person's sociopsychological, physical, and economic well-being. This study was designed to (1) measure the impact of oral health on quality of life (QoL) using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) in association with other factors (age, gender, years of diabetes, level of education, smoking, presence of other conditions, oral complaints, and glycemic control) and (2) validate the Arabic version of the OHIP-14.

Materials and Methods

Diabetic and healthy participants completed a two-part survey including demographic characteristics OHIP-14 questionnaire.

Results

The sample consisted of 121 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 146 healthy controls. Sociodemographic data, OHIP-14 questionnaires, and glycemic control data were collected. The data were statistically analyzed. The results showed that OHIP-14 was found to have sufficient reliability and validity in measuring life quality. Our study documented the effects of oral health complications on QoL among diabetics compared to controls. The type of diabetes had no effect on life quality. The highest OHIP-14 domain affected was functional limitation, while the lowest one was social handicap.

Conclusion

It was concluded that diabetes has a negative effect on life quality. Diabetic patients have unsatisfactory oral health, which affects their QoL. The OHIP-14 is a reliable and valuable instrument to measure life quality.

Patient-reported outcome measures after periodontal surgery

OBJECTIVES

The present study aimed to explore the impact of different periodontal surgical treatments on the quality of life and postoperative morbidity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The present study is a single-center, prospective, observational cohort trial. One hundred fifty-five patients, referred to the Periodontal Department of Bologna University who needed periodontal surgical treatment, were recruited. The self-reported perception of the postoperative course was assessed using the following anonymous questionnaires: Italian oral health impact profile (I-OHIP-14), visual analog scale (VAS) to evaluate the intensity of the pain, and 5-point Likert scale.

RESULTS

Patients reported a mean OHIP-14 total score of 9.87±8.5 (range 0-42), significantly influenced by the female sex, flap extension, and periodontal dressing. A mean VAS score of 2.96±2.39 (range 0-9) was calculated, and was found to be influenced by the presence of vertical releasing incisions and palatal flap extension. Of the 155 subjects, 40 (25.8%) patients reported bleeding as a post-surgical complication, 96 (61.9%) swelling, 105 (67.7%) eating discomfort, and 44 (28.4%) reported speech discomfort.

CONCLUSIONS

Within the limitations of the nature of the present study, periodontal surgical procedures have a low impact on patients' quality of life evaluated through the OHIP-14 and VAS pain questionnaires.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Periodontal surgical procedures are safe procedures, with a limited duration of postoperative discomfort as well as the incidence of complications.

Ulcerative colitis and periodontitis - a cross-sectional pilot study from a Norwegian cohort

BACKGROUND

Inflammatory bowel disease, which includes ulcerative colitis (UC), is an inflammatory disorder with potential impact on periodontal disease, but evidence to date for this association is limited. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of periodontitis according to the 2017-classification in a cohort of subjects with UC. The secondary aim was to assess a potential correlation of periodontal status with previous UC disease parameters and to assess oral health-related quality-of-life.

METHOD

A cohort from a community hospital in Norway with confirmed extensive UC was comprehensively examined. Periodontal parameters, OHIP-14 and demographic variables were collected. Previous UC data including colon activity index (CAI), Mayo score and years of UC diagnosis was used to explore a potential correlation with periodontal status.

RESULTS

A total of 50 out of 63 invited patients participated. According to the 2017-classification, 74% of the patients presented periodontitis. No correlation was found between periodontitis (stage, grade, bleeding on probing or probing pocket depth ≥6mm) and CAI, Mayo score, or years with UC diagnosis.

CONCLUSIONS

Within the limitations of this study, the prevalence of periodontitis among patients with mild UC for more than 12 years was in line with that reported from a Norwegian general population. No correlation between periodontitis and UC disease indices or years with UC diagnosis was observed. The study suggests that the susceptibility to periodontitis may be limited in patients with well treated or mild UD who regularly attend the dental office, despite a considerable UC disease duration.

Meta-analysis of outcomes related to the quality of life after orthodontic-surgical treatment

Orthognathic surgery causes functional and aesthetic changes, which could affect patients' quality of life (QOL). The current analysis assessed the impact of orthodontic-surgical treatment on the parameters affecting the QOL using different scoring systems. The criteria for inclusion were studies written in various languages that compared the effects of the intervention on patients' QOL before surgery and at various periods after surgery (3 weeks to several months), which resulted in including 19 studies into this meta-analysis. The outcomes of these studies underwent random-effect modeling to calculate the mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the impact of different surgical techniques on clinical parameters, and publication bias was analyzed with Begg's test. According to the total score of the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ), surgery significantly affected patients' QOL after 2 months or less (p = 0.049), up to 6 months (p < 0.001), and when comparing 2 months or less with up to 6 months (2-6 months) (p < 0.001). In addition, the total Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) score showed a significant difference in the QOL after 6 months (p = 0.003) and up to 12 months (p = 0.002) after surgery. Therefore, orthodontic-surgical treatment significantly improves patients' QOL after surgery compared to before surgery.

Oral health-related quality of life of older Australian men

OBJECTIVES

The aims of this study were to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a cohort of older Australian men and explore the association between their general health conditions, socio-demographic factors and OHRQoL.

METHODS

The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project (CHAMP) is a cohort study of the health of a representative sample of Australian men, initiated in 2005-2006 with an initial sample of 1705 men 70 years or over. Participants completed a self-administered health and socio-demographic questionnaire and attended an interview and clinical assessment at baseline and each of three follow-up assessments. Information on oral health and responses to the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) were collected in the 4th follow-up in which 778 men completed the OHIP-14 questionnaire and 614 men had a dental assessment. The prevalence of oral health impact was defined as a response of fairly often or very often to one or more of the OHIP-14 questions. Mean OHIP-14 scores were calculated for the 14 questions and used as the dependent variable in the regression analyses. Zero-inflated Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence rate ratios (PRR).

RESULTS

Only 10% of men presented oral health impacts. In multivariate regression modelling, being born in Italy/Greece (PRR: 2.16, 95% CI: 1.93-2.42) or in other countries (PRR: 2.12, 95% CI: 1.89-2.38), having poor self-rated general health (PRR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.24-1.53), having poor mental wellbeing (PRR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04-1.24), having ≥6 depressive symptoms (PRR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05-1.32), being a current smoker (PRR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.06-1.70) and having more decayed tooth surfaces (PRR:1.01, 95% CI: 1.00-1.02) were associated with higher impact scores.

CONCLUSIONS

Overall, older Australian men exhibit good oral health-related quality of life. The inter-relationship between perceptions of general health and well-being, health and oral health variables and social background supports policy objectives of closer integration of general health and oral health services for older Australian men.

The Relationship between Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Body Mass Index in an Older Population from Southern Italy: The Salus in Apulia Study

BACKGROUND

The assessment of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) evaluated the impact of an individual's oral health on the patient's physical and psychosocial status. We evaluated the association between subjective OHRQoL, measured with the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire, and unfavorable body mass index (BMI) (i.e., too high or too low) in a large population-based study on older adults from Southern Italy. Moreover, we assessed which of the seven OHIP-14 domains was the most strongly associated with an unfavorable BMI.

METHODS

We used data on a subpopulation of the Salus in Apulia Study, including 216 older adults. BMI < 18.4 kg/m2 and >30 kg/m2 were classified as unfavorable, while values between 18.5 and 30 kg/m2 were classified as ideal.

RESULTS

A higher OHIP-14 total score increased the risk of an unfavorable BMI (odds ratio (OR): 1.08, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01-1.15). In the model adjusted for age, sex, education, hypertension, carbohydrate consumption, and alcohol consumption, this finding was confirmed with a higher OHIP-14 total score increasing the risk of an unfavorable BMI (OR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.01-1.22), and higher age linked to a decreased risk of an unfavorable BMI (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82-0.97). In a random forest regression model, the most important predictive domains/sub-scales of OHIP-14 in the mean decrease in the Gini coefficient for unfavorable BMI were, in order of decreasing importance, physical pain, functional limitation, psychological discomfort, physical disability, social disability, psychological disability, and handicap.

CONCLUSIONS

In older age, negative OHRQoL, particularly linked to the physical pain domain, increased the risk of being underweight or overweight and obesity.

Cross-Sectional Study on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Using OHIP-14 in Migrants Children in Melilla (Spain)

Quality of life is a parameter that not only evaluates clinical parameters, but also refers to the perception of the individual in his or her sociocultural context. It also refers to psychosocial aspects that have a very important impact on people's lives. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) must also be considered when assessing oral health in any population for which an oral health program is to be developed. On this premise, and taking into account the precarious situation of refugee children housed in the Temporary Center for Migrants (CETI) in Melilla (Spain), a study was conducted to assess the oral health and OHRQoL of the children housed in the aforementioned facility. For this purpose, the 120 children in care at the time of the study underwent a basic epidemiological examination according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO), and their OHRQoL was assessed using the specific OHIP-14 questionnaire. The results show a state of oral health with a high caries prevalence (95%), high DMFT, and dft indices for the studied population. The oral health-related quality of life perceived by these children shows that pain and psychological discomfort are the areas rated worst by them. Thus, it is concluded that it is important to implement specific oral health programs for this population, based on caries prevention and pain management, which must also take into account the psychological and sociocultural aspects that have accompanied their lives.

Psychometric Properties of the 14 Items Oral Health Impact Profile Questionnaire Translated into the Macedonian language

Objective

Due to the consideration that oral/dental health is an important part of general health, well-being, and an individual's quality of life, the need for appropriate instruments assessing oral health-related quality of life is emphasized. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Oral health-related quality of life questionnaire consisting of 14 questions among the Macedonian language-speaking adults (OHIP-MAC 14).

Material and methods

A total of 270 adults participated in the study. The reliability of the questionnaire was examined by testing the internal consistency and reproducibility (test-retest). The responsiveness of the instrument was tested by computing the pre-intervention and post-intervention OHIP-14 scores using the paired t-test followed by the determination of the effect-size. The two aspects of the construct validity were evaluated: concurrent validity and discriminative validity.

Results

A concurrent validity analysis confirmed that the instrument performed well. Discriminative validity also confirmed good psychometric properties (P<0.01). The ICC statistics and the Cronbach alpha coefficients indicated the appropriate reliability of the instrument for the included groups of participants. The responsiveness of the questionnaire was also acceptable (P<0.01) demonstrating the large effect-size of 1.43.

Conclusion

The OHIP 14 MAC showed acceptable psychometric properties and can be recommended as a valuable instrument in assessments of the Oral health-related quality of life in the Republic of North Macedonia.

A cross-sectional study on activity impairment in primary Sjogren's syndrome

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to show relations between activity impairment and salivary gland involvement for patient empowerment in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).

METHODS

In the study, 86 patients with pSS were included. The data were collected through clinical examinations and a questionnaire regarding Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), EULAR Sjogren's syndrome patient-reported index (ESSPRI) and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Relations were analysed by using mediation and moderation analyses. In simple mediation analysis, an independent variable (X) influences outcome variable (Y) through a mediator variable (M) whereas a moderator variable (W) affects the direction of the relationship between the dependent (Y) and independent variables (X).

RESULTS

Increases in ESSPRI-Dryness score (X) (p = 0.0189) and OHIP-14 score (M) (p = 0.0004) were associated with the poor WPAI activity impairment score (Y) in the first mediation analysis. The WPAI activity impairment score was mediated by the elevated ESSPRI-Fatigue score (X) (p = 0.03641) and low U-SFR (M) (p = 0.0000) in the second mediation analysis. In addition, ESSPRI-Pain score (W) was the significant moderator for WPAI activity impairment (Y) in patients without hyposalivation in the moderation analysis (p = 0.0010).

CONCLUSION

WPAI activity impairment was affected by both ESSPRI-Dryness with OHRQoL and ESSPRI-Fatigue with SFR in glandular involvement.

Assessment of oral health literacy and oral health related quality of life in Saudi university students: A cross sectional study

BACKGROUND

Oral health literacy was recognized as important to encouraging oral health and avoiding oral health diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess oral health literacy (OHL) and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among undergraduate students studying at university.

MATERIALS & METHODS

A prospective cross-sectional study was carried out from November to February 2023 among the students of King Khalid University. OHL and OHRQoL were assessed using a Rapid estimate of adult literacy in dentistry-30 (REALD-30) and oral health impact profile (OHIP-14). Further, Pearson's correlation tests were used to measure the correlation between REALD-30 and OHIP-14.

RESULTS

Among the 394 completed respondents, the majority were Aged>20 years (n=221; 56.09%), Aged <20 years (n=173 43.91%), female (n=324; 82.23%), male (n=70; 17.7%). Participants from health-related colleges were (n=343; 87.06%), and other colleges were (n=51; 12.94%) *P<0.04. Participants brushing frequency once daily were (n=165; 41.88%) twice or more per day (n=229; 58.12%) *P<0.018. The overall mean REALD-30 score of the participants was 11.76 ±0.17 indicating Low OHL. The higher mean score of OHIP-14 for the following domains physical pain 12.93±0.56, physical disability 12.05±0.72, and psychological disability 12.71±0.76. Oral health impact profile-14 and REALD showed a positive correlation for health-related colleges (r = 0.314; *P<0.002) and other colleges (r = 0.09; P<0.072). However, a significant correlation was observed between REALD-30 and OHIP-14 scores among health-related colleges (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

The current study concluded that self-rated poor oral health is significantly linked with OHIP-14 scores. Furthermore, systematic health education programs such as regular dental checkups for college students must be arranged to assist in changing the student's everyday life and oral health behaviors.

Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 telephone interview reliability to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in orthosurgical patients

BACKGROUND

The influence of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 administration method through telephone or face-to-face interviews in orthosurgical patients is unknown. The study aims to assess the reliability of the OHIP-14 questionnaire through its stability and internal consistency when applied through a telephone interview compared with a face-to-face interview.

METHODS

A total of 21 orthosurgical patients were selected to compare the scores obtained in OHIP-14. The interview was carried out by telephone, and 2 weeks later, the patient was invited to attend a face-to-face interview. Stability was verified by Cohen's kappa coefficient with quadratic weighting for individual items and intraclass correlation coefficient for the total OHIP-14 score. Internal consistency was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the total scale and its seven subscales.

RESULTS

Items 5 and 6 showed reasonable agreement in the two modes of administration; 4 and 14 moderate; 1, 3, 7, 9, 11, and 13 substantial; and items 2, 8, 10, and 12 showed almost perfect agreement, according to the Cohen's kappa coefficient test. The instrument's internal consistency was better in the face-to-face interview (0.89) than it was in the telephone interview (0.85). For the evaluation of the seven OHIP-14 subscales, differences were found in functional limitations, psychological discomfort, and social disadvantage subscales.

CONCLUSIONS

Although there were some differences in OHIP-14 subscales between the interview methods, the total score of the questionnaire showed good stability and internal consistency. The telephone method can be a reliable alternative for the application of the OHIP-14 questionnaire in orthosurgical patients.

Impact of Case Difficulty, Endodontic Mishaps, and Instrumentation Method on Endodontic Treatment Outcome and Quality of Life: A Four-Year Follow-up Study

INTRODUCTION

Root canal treatment (RCT) is often considered a difficult procedure for both the patient and treatment provider. The American Association of Endodontists case difficulty assessment form categorizes cases as minimal, moderate, and high difficulty level. We recently showed that endodontic mishaps occur frequently during treatment of teeth in high difficulty category. The aims were to investigate the clinical and radiographic outcome at least 4 years after RCT and to evaluate patients' perceived oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

METHODS

Two hundred thirty-four patients (257 endodontically treated teeth) who were previously included in a quality assurance study were offered a recall appointment at the Department of Clinical Dentistry, University of Bergen, Norway. Patients were given a thorough clinical, radiographic examination and asked to fill out the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire.

RESULTS

A total of 149 patients (160 teeth) attended the 4-year (range, 4-6 years) recall appointment. An unchanged or lower Periapical Index (PAI) score at recall visit was registered on 153 teeth (95.6%) (P < .001). Radiographic success rate (PAI score ≤ 2) was 87.5%, and clinical success (absence of clinical signs and symptoms) was 88.8%. Both radiographic and clinical success was observed in 78.8% of teeth. Teeth in high difficulty category, instrumented with engine-driven files, and molars presented with significantly more clinical signs and symptoms but not high PAI score (PAI score ≥ 3) (P < .05). Endodontic mishaps such as overinstrumentation and overfill with gutta-percha resulted in significantly high PAI score (P < .05). Patients with no clinical signs and symptoms after RCT and elderly had a significantly better OHRQoL (P < .05).

CONCLUSIONS

Presence of clinical signs and symptoms rather than PAI score affected patients' OHRQoL.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Different Subtypes of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

This study assessed differences in the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) between subtypes of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). For statistical analysis, participants were divided according to their subtype: classical EDS (cEDS), hypermobile EDS (hEDS), and vascular EDS (vEDS). All other subtypes were descriptively analyzed. Free-text questions and the German short form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) were used. Finally, 295 questionnaires were included, representing 10 different EDS subtypes. The mean OHIP score of all participants was 19.6 points (standard derivation (SD) ± 12.3). The most predominant subtypes showed similar reduced OHRQoL, with 18.0 (cEDS, ±12.9), 19.5 (hEDS, ±12.0), and 15.2 (vEDS, ±11.6) OHIP points. For all other subtypes, the OHIP values varied. Participants waited an average of 21.8 years (±12.8) for their diagnosis. However, within the predominant subtypes, vEDS patients waited a noticeably shorter period of 13.3 years (±13.0; p = 0.004) compared to participants with hEDS. Additionally, this study showed no difference in OHRQoL for the predominant subtypes regardless of whether a participant was a self-help group member (18.8, ±12.0) or not (19.4, ±12.1; p = 0.327).

Dimensional structure of the OHIP-14 and associations with self-report oral health-related variables in home-dwelling Norwegians aged 70

OBJECTIVES

The primary objective of the present study was to investigate the dimensional structure of the OHIP-14 in a sample of elderly Norwegians. A secondary objective was to describe associations between the exposed OHIP-14 dimensions and additional self-report oral health-related variables to assess the dimensions' criterion validity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

A survey questionnaire including the OHIP-14 and additional self-report oral health-related measures was completed by 325 home-dwelling Norwegians aged 70+. Exploratory factor analysis was used to investigate the dimensional structure of the OHIP-14 in this sample. Bivariate correlations were used to describe associations between the exposed OHIP-14 dimensions and additional self-report oral health-related variables.

RESULTS

Three dimensions named psychosocial impacts, oral function impacts and general function impacts were revealed. Convergent and discriminant validity of these dimensions were largely supported, and internal consistency reliability for each dimension was good. Statistically significant associations were found between the exposed dimensions and additional self-report oral health-related variables, supporting the dimensions' criterion validity.

CONCLUSIONS

A three-dimensional structure of the OHIP-14 was exposed and validated in the present study sample. Since different aspects of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) may be perceived and weighted differently in various populations, suggestions for future research include more profound investigations of the construct validity of the OHIP-14 and similar instruments assessing OHRQoL. Such research should include an exploration of various dimensions and the weights given to them through qualitative research in the target population(s).

Periodontitis in a 65-year-old population: risk indicators and impact on oral health-related quality of life

AIMS

The aims of the present study were to investigate socioeconomic and behavioral risk indicators for severe periodontitis in a 65-year-old Norwegian population, and to investigate how periodontitis impacts oral health-related quality of life.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A sample of 65-year-old residents in Oslo, born in 1954, was randomly selected for this study. The participants answered a questionnaire regarding country of birth, education, diabetes, smoking habits, dental attendance pattern, and tooth-brushing habits. In addition, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) was assessed by the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire (OHIP-14). Negative impact on OHRQoL was defined as responding "fairly often" or "very often" to at least one of the OHIP-14 items. The diagnosis of periodontitis was based on clinical and radiographic periodontal measurements and classified based on the consensus report from the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

RESULTS

Of 796 eligible participants, 460 individuals agreed to participate in the present study (response rate 58%). Seven participants were excluded from the analyses due to < 2 remaining teeth (n = 3) or missing questionnaire (n = 4), resulting in a study sample of 453 individuals (233 men and 220 women). An association was found between non-western country of birth, diabetes type 2, lower education, smoking, non-regular dental visits, and severe periodontitis (stage III or IV, n = 163) in bivariate analyses (Chi-square test). However, in the multiple logistic regression model, only non-western country of birth, diabetes type 2 and smoking (former and current), were associated with higher odds of severe periodontitis. The overall mean OHIP-14 total score was 3.6 (SD: 6.1). Participants with stage III or IV periodontitis reported a significantly higher OHIP-14 total score (mean: 4.7, SD: 7.4), indicating a lower OHRQoL, compared to non-periodontitis participants (mean: 2.9, SD: 4.9).

CONCLUSIONS

In the present study, non-western birth country, diabetes type 2, and smoking were found as significant risk indicators for severe periodontitis. Overall, results indicate a good OHRQoL among 65-year-olds in Oslo, however, a tendency of reduced OHRQoL with increasing severity of periodontitis was observed.

Oral health-related quality of life in rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative analysis

Background

Compared to the healthy population, the psychological impact of rheumatoid arthritis(RA) on patients' lives could dramatically lower their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Our goal is to analyze OHRQoL in RA patients and look into the role of disease activity, dental health index, and Temporomandibular disorders score in maintaining their oral health.

Methods

In a cross-sectional comparative study, we compared a sample of 40 RA patients with 40 age- and gender-matched healthy controls in terms of oral health and OHRQoL. Temporomandibular disorders (TMD), number of decayed, filled, or missing teeth (DMFT), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) were among the oral health factors studied (OHIP-14). This study also looked at the link between the RA disease activity score (DAS28) and oral health factors.

Results

RA patients had a significantly higher mean (poorer OHRQol) than healthy controls in total oral function, total psychosocial impact, OHIP-14 sum score, OHIP-14 extent score, TMD score and the number of missed teeth (Mann–Whitney U test, P-value < 0.05). After adjustment for DMFT, only the oral function score of OHIP-14 had a significant correlation with disease activity (Mann–Whitney U test, P-value < 0.05). The TMD sum score significantly correlated with disease activity regardless of adjustment for DMFT (Spearman's Correlation test, P-value < 0.05 for both). The number of decayed teeth and missed teeth showed a positive correlation with increased disease activity (Coefficient = 0.239 and 0.245, P-value < 0.05 for both).

Conclusions

Patients with RA are less satisfied with their oral health than healthy controls. In RA patients, the number of missing teeth and temporomandibular disorders was substantially greater, and the number of missing teeth and temporomandibular diseases increased significantly with increased disease activity. Although OHRQoL was inversely connected with RA activity, after correcting for decaying, missing, and filled teeth, only the oral function score of OHIP-14 exhibited a slight connection to DAS28.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41927-022-00292-w.

Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in Polish adults with periodontal diseases, oral mucosal diseases and dental caries

BACKGROUND

With the development of medicine and extending the human lifespan, the next challenge for healthcare providers is to improve the quality of life. Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is a worldwide known questionnaire that is used for assessing oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the present study was to assess the impact of periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions and dental caries on OHRQoL among Polish adults.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A cross-sectional study consisting of an intraoral clinical examination and a questionnaire was conducted among 250 adult patients seeking dental treatment at the University Dental Clinic (UDC) in Cracow, Poland. The obtained clinical data included the number of decayed, filled and missing teeth (DMFT), the presence of fixed or removable dental prostheses, the type and size of oral mucosal diseases, periodontal data based on a visual examination as well as the approximal plaque index (API) and modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI) scores, and the patient's dental history. A modified OHIP questionnaire was used, which had been previously validated amongst patients with periodontal and oral mucosal diseases.

RESULTS

In patients reporting problems with oral mucosa, the OHIP-14 scores in relation to oral mucosa and other soft tissues were higher, and the scores in relation to the teeth were lower than in patients who did not suffer from oral mucosal diseases (0.86 (0.25-1.81) vs. 0.29 (0-1.00); p < 0.001, and 0.39 (0.07-1.07) vs. 0.68 (0.29-1.29); p = 0.048, respectively). Among patients looking for treatment due to caries and other dental problems, the OHIP-14 scores relating to dentures were higher and the scores relating to oral mucosa were lower than in patients who did not report such problems (2.07 (0.96-2.15) vs. 0.64 (0-1.38); p = 0.043, and 0.14 (0-0.56) vs. 0.57 (0.14-1.31); p = 0.001, respectively). Among patients noticing prosthetic problems, the OHIP-14 scores relating to dentures were higher than in those who did not suffer from such issues (2.07 (1.23-2.36) vs. 0.64 (0-1.36); p = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONS

The symptoms reported by patients with periodontal diseases, oral mucosal lesions and dental caries influenced their OHRQoL. The proper prophylaxis and treatment of these diseases are important to avoid the worsening of OHRQoL.

Usefulness of implementing the OHIP-14 questionnaire to assess the impact of xerostomia and hyposalivation on quality of life in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome

BACKGROUND

The aim of this study is to analyze if the results of the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 questionnaire (OHIP-14) in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) are correlated with salivary flow and level of xerostomia.

METHODS

This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in 61 patients (60 women, one man, mean age 57.64 [13.52]) diagnosed of pSS according to the American-European Criteria (2002). After recording demographic, medical and dental data (decayed-missing-filled teeth index [DMFT]), unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) salivary flows were collected. Subsequently, UWS flow was categorized into two groups (<0.1 ml/min and ≥0.1 ml/min) and SWS into three groups (<0.1 ml/min, 0.1-0.7 ml/min and >0.7 ml/min). Patients also filled out a visual analog scale (VAS) for xerostomia and OHIP-14 for self-reported quality of life (QoL).

RESULTS

Data showed positive and significant correlation between OHIP-14 and xerostomia, based on VAS results (r = 0.52; p = 0.001). Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between UWS and OHIP-14 scores (r = -0.34; p = 0.006) and VAS for xerostomia (r = -0.22; p = 0.09). No significant correlation was found between SWS and OHIP-14 or VAS neither between DMFT and OHIP-14. When assessing the level of QoL by the UWS and SWS flow categories a significant association was found for UWS (p = 0.001) but not for SWS (p = 0.11). The OHIP-14 values were higher in the groups with lower salivary flow. The multiple linear regression to predict OHIP-14 only selected VAS for xerostomia as a statistically significant predictor.

CONCLUSIONS

Increased level of xerostomia and reduced UWS flow decrease oral health-related QoL in patients with pSS.

Effect of Behcet's disease-associated oral ulcers on oral health related quality of life

AIM

The current study assessed the clinical characteristics of patients suffering from Behcet's disease (BD)-associated oral ulcers and investigated the effect of these oral ulcers on the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

METHODS

This study included BD patients suffering from active oral ulcers, defined by the revised International Criteria for BD (ICBD) criteria. We collected BD and oral ulcers characteristics. The oral ulcer activity index and OHRQoL were measured by composite index (CI) and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), respectively.

RESULTS

Genital and ocular manifestations were the most frequent. Ocular manifestations were the main diagnostic manifestation. The mean age of BD diagnosis and first oral ulcer appearance were 32.15 ± 8.96 and 29.62 ± 9.04, respectively. Minor oral ulcers were more frequent; solitary or multiple. CI revealed that pain was more severe than functional disability. OHIP-14 showed that patients suffered more often from pain and difficulties in eating. Patients reported feeling tense, being irritable, doing usual job with difficulty, and having less satisfying life.

CONCLUSION

BD-associated oral ulcers lead to poor quality of life. Female gender, multiple ulcers, and buccal mucosa were associated with more severe pain and functional disability as well as poorer quality of life.

Oral-Health-Related Quality of Life and Anxiety in Orthodontic Patients with Conventional Brackets

The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and anxiety levels of adult patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed multibracket appliances.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The study was carried out at the Dental Clinic of the University of Salamanca in 2021. It included 120 adult patients between 19 and 45 years of age undergoing orthodontic treatment with conventional metal brackets. The data collection instruments chosen were the state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) to assess anxiety levels and the OHIP-14 questionnaire to measure the OHRQoL. Anxiety levels and OHRQoL were analyzed one month after starting treatment.

RESULTS

The mean age was 31.7 years ± 6.5 years; 68 patients were women (56.7%) and 52 were men (43.3%). Psychological disability was the dimension of the OHIP-14 questionnaire that was found to have the greatest impact (3.20 ± 1.08) on patients, as compared to the dimension of disability, which had the lowest impact on the oral-health quality of life (0.37 ± 0.56). The mean total score of the OHIP-14 questionnaire was 11.93 (±2.19). There was no statistically significant influence from either sex or age on the anxiety and oral-health quality of life of the participants; however, there was a significant relationship between the dimensions of physical disability and anxiety traits.

CONCLUSIONS

The physical disability dimension of the OHIP-14 questionnaire increased the anxiety level of adult patients treated with conventional brackets. The impact of orthodontic treatment on adult patients may negatively influence their levels of anxiety.

Oral Health Impact Profile in adult Polish population

BACKGROUND

Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) is a significant patient-oriented outcome which should be considered in diagnostic, decision making and therapeutic process by dentists.

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate the influence of a condition of teeth, oral mucosa and dentures on the OHRQoL among patients seeking dental treatment in the University Dental Clinic (UDC) in Kraków, Poland.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

250 patients took part in a cross-sectional study conducted in the UDC in Kraków. Collected clinical data included: oral mucosa and periodontal condition, number of Decayed, Missed and Filled Teeth (DMFT index), presence of dentures. Questionnaire part of the study has been based on OHIP-14 questionnaire.

RESULTS

The condition of teeth worsened OHRQoL in following groups of patients: first-time visitors, smokers, with periodontal diseases and without oral mucosal diseases. There was a positive significant correlation between number of decayed teeth and OHRQoL related to teeth. The condition of oral mucosa significantly impaired OHRQoL in: women, patients with oral mucosal diseases and those who undergone prosthetic treatment in the last year. There was a correlation between number of missing teeth, DMFT index, age and subscale 2 of the form. The condition of dentures significantly impaired the OHRQoL in patients: who used removable dental prostheses, undergone prosthetic treatment in the last year and females. There was a positive correlation between subscale 3 of the questionnaire and number of missing teeth and DMFT index and a negative correlation with number of filled teeth within this subscale.

CONCLUSIONS

Evaluation of patient's OHRQoL is one of important components for successful dental treatment.

Life Quality of Children Affected by Cleft Lip Palate and Alveolus (CLPA)

The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of life of children and adolescents affected by cleft lip, palate and alveolus (CLPA) in the Italian population after a tailored treatment dental program. A prospective study was conducted with subjects of both genders at the University Hospital of Pisa, Italy. This study included 32 patients (11 females and 21 males, mean age: 9.8 ± 2.1 years old) affected by CLPA (test group); a tailored oral hygiene instruction protocol was adopted in the test group since early age (6.1 ± 0.9 years old) after corrective surgery and regular dental hygiene appointments were scheduled. Moreover, a control group of 32 patients (11 females and 21 males, mean age: 10.1 ± 2.2 years old) without CLPA was included; control subjects were first-visit patients, matched for age and sex, who had not received a specific dental hygiene program before. The OHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) questionnaire was applied for the evaluation of the quality of life of patients of both groups and the questions were presented directly to the patients. Moreover, the DMFT (Decayed, Missed and Filled Teeth) index was measured. A statistical analysis was performed and the level of significance was set at: p < 0.05. The OHIP-14 scores presented significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05); the test group exhibited a lower mean OHIP-14 score in comparison to the control group. The DMFT score was significantly lower in the test group in comparison to controls (p: 0.001, p < 0.05). The quality of life and DMFT score of children and adolescents affected by CLPA, after a tailored treatment dental program, were better than that of the subjects of the control group.

The Influence of Periodontal Disease on Oral Health Quality of Life in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: A Cross-Sectional Observational Single-Center Study

Background and Objectives: Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of global death with a rising prevalence and a heavy economic burden. Periodontal disease has been associated with cardiovascular diseases—including incident coronary heart disease, peripheral artery disease and ischemic stroke. The study evaluates the quality of life of patients with cardiovascular and periodontal disease from the point of view of oral health by using the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 221 patients (61.86 ± 15.03 years old) selected from the Emergency Hospital of Sibiu, Romania. The participants self-completed the OHIP-14 questionnaire and they benefited from an oral health examination conducted to assess the presence and the severity of periodontal disease. Results: Out of the 147 patients with cardiovascular disease, 77.5% had periodontal disease (32.6% stage I, 29.2% stage II, and 15.6% stage III and IV). The presence of periodontal disease was associated with a lower oral-health-related quality of life (p < 0.001, ANOVA) and with a higher OHIP-14 score in patients with cardiovascular disease (18.67 ± 8.17, p < 0.001 ANOVA). No significant difference was observed concerning patient sex and background; however, age, body mass index and the lack of an appropriate oral hygiene routine had a strong association with the individual quality of life. The general OHIP-14 score was higher in patients with periodontal disease and associated cardiovascular disease, the presence of both cardiovascular and periodontal disease being associated with a lower quality of life. Conclusions: By increasing the patients’ awareness to oral healthcare measures, better outcomes and improved oral-health-related quality of life could be observed.

The MOHIP-14PW (Modified Oral Health Impact Profile 14-Item Version for Pregnant Women): A Real-World Study of Its Psychometric Properties and Relationship with Patient-Reported Oral Health

Background: The 14-item version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) has been widely used as a measure for oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) since its publication in 1997. However, few studies have examined its psychometric properties and relationship with patient-reported oral health in pregnant women. Aim: To offer empirical evidence for appropriate use of the OHIP-14 among pregnant women in research and clinical practice. Objectives: (1) to empirically investigate the psychometric properties of the OHIP-14, (2) to modify it into the MOHIP-14PW (modified OHIP-14 for pregnant women), and (3) to compare their relationships with patient-reported oral health in pregnant women. Methods: In this real-world study (RWS) from suburban New York clinics, we collected OHIP-14 data from 291 pregnant women and assessed its psychometric properties at the item-, dimension-, and measure-level, including confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Accordingly, we modified the OHIP-14 into the MOHIP-14PW. Finally, we compared their correlations with patient-reported oral health scores. Results: All OHIP-14 items had severely skewed distributions, and two had a correlation with the patient-reported oral health < 0.1. All seven pairs of items correlated well (0.47 to 0.62), but the Cronbach’s alphas indicated suboptimal reliability, with two below 0.70. CFA results offered suboptimal support to the original structure, and EFA found a three-dimensional structure best fitted the data. Therefore, we modified the OHIP-14 into the MOHIP-14PW. CFA on the MOHIP-14PW offered stronger supports, and the Cronbach’s alphas increased to 0.92, 0.72, and 0.71. The MOHIP-14PW’s dimensions were more meaningful to pregnant women and had stronger relationships with patient-reported oral health than the OHIP-14; the average correlation coefficients increased by 26% from 0.19 in OHIP-14 to 0.24 in the MOHIP-14PW. Conclusions: The original OHIP-14 required modifications at the item-, dimension-, and measure- level, and the MOHIP-14PW had better psychometric properties, easier interpretation, and stronger correlation with patient-reported oral health in low-income pregnant women. Through an interdisciplinary RWS on a large sample of pregnant women, this study offers concrete empirical evidence for the advantages of the MOHIP-14PW over the original OHIP-14.

Clinical characteristics of odontogenic sinusitis with periapical lesions

INTRODUCTION

Although the symptoms and radiographic signs may mimic rhinogenic sinusitis, odontogenic sinusitis (OS) with periapical lesions (PALs) is fundamentally an endodontic infection. It is considered to be one of the main causes of OS, especially when presented unilaterally. Despite this routine dental examination is not performed and periapical infection frequently remains undiagnosed by otolaryngologists and radiologists.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This prospective observational study covered a group of 61 patients with symptomatic OS with PAL. Assessment of quality of life was done using the 22-item Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) and Oral Health-Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Temporal and etiological relationship between the dental cause and sinonasal complication was established among the otolaryngologist and dental specialist based on the clinical symptoms, nasal endoscopy described according to the modified Lund-MacKay scale, computed tomography (CT) scans measured and scored in compliance with Lund- Kennedy, Zinreich and Estrela scales.

RESULTS

Out of 61 patients, 28 (46%) were women and 33 (54%) men. Group median age 49.1 years, ranged from 22.8 to 78.9 years. Total OHIP-14 score was 12.7 ± 11.3, with the highest value obtained in domains describing physical pain (mean 2.9 ± 2.4, median 3) in which the highest score was obtained in item 3 - painful aching in mouth and/or teeth - scored ≥2 by 52.5% of participants. Concerning dental symptoms 11.5% of patients were asymptomatic. Total SNOT-22 score was 40.7 ± 21.1, with the highest value in domains describing nasal symptoms. 23% of patients reported mild, 44.3% moderate and 32.7% severe symptoms. In the endoscopic evaluation 86.8% of cases presented discharge, 73.8% mucosal edema. In 11.5% of cases the polypoid tissues was observed in nasal cavities. The first molar tooth was the most frequently affected with an incidence of 42.6%, followed by the second molar (27.9%). In 33 (48.5%) of cases the inflammatory process caused the discontinuity of the sinus floor, which in 51.5% coexisted with total maxillary sinus opacification. 10 teeth (14.7%) had the periapical lesions with a diameter exceeding 8 mm. In case of the multi-rooted teeth, PALs were usually encountered at more than one root (57.4%). Maxillary and ethmoid sinus were affected in 54% of cases and additional frontal sinus involvement in 32.8%. In 69.6% patients, ostiomeatal complex was obstructed.

CONCLUSIONS

Persistent sinonasal symptoms such as rhinorrhea, post-nasal drip and nose congestion along with dental pain may suggest endodontic nature of OS, especially after previous root-canal treatment. The bigger the PAL is in diameter and the closer to the maxillary sinus, the greater effect on its mucosal involvement and obstruction of ostiomeatal complex is observed. PALs around molar or premolar tooth apexes with coexistence of unilateral sinus opacifications should be noticed and mentioned by radiologists and evaluated by dental specialists in order to refer the patient to further treatment.

Oral health-related quality of life before, during, and after orthodontic-orthognathic treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis

OBJECTIVES

The effect of combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment was estimated, specifically the impact of pre-surgical orthodontic treatment, on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

The research question was formulated using the PICO method. The search was carried out in MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, psychINFO, Embase, and Cochrane (until February 3, 2020). Inclusion criteria were patients aged ≥ 17 years who underwent combined orthodontic-surgical treatment, quality of life assessment, and study design of randomized controlled trial, controlled clinical trial, prospective cohort study, observational study, intervention study, or cross-sectional study. The ROBINS-1 tool was used to assess the risk of bias within studies. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted when appropriate. The quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.

RESULTS

Six studies were analyzed. The OHIP-14 and/or OQLQ-22 questionnaires were used to measure the OHRQoL. All six studies had a serious risk of bias. Two studies (87 participants) were included in a meta-analysis showing improvement of OHRQoL when comparing before and after treatment were compared (mean 14.85 scale points, 95% confidence interval 10.36;19.35).

CONCLUSIONS

Studies indicate a decrease in OHRQoL during the pre-surgical orthodontic treatment phase but improvement after orthodontic-orthognathic treatment. Data substantiating these results are limited, and the quality of evidence is low. Further research is needed to assess the impact of pre-surgical orthodontic treatment on the OHRQoL in an orthognathic trajectory.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Patients should be well informed about the effect facial/esthetic changes may have on their OHRQoL during sequential phases of orthodontic-orthognathic treatment.

The impact of socioeconomic status, general health and oral health on Health-Related Quality of Life, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and mental health among Polish older adults

BACKGROUND

The study aims to evaluate the impact of socioeconomic status, general health and oral health parameters on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL), Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) and mental health in elderly urban residents of South-Western Poland.

METHODS

The 500 residents of Wroclaw, aged 65 and older provided demographic and personal information as well as their medical history. A patient's oral condition were determined based on the clinical oral examination.Quality of Life was assessed using Euro-Quality of Life (EQ-5D), Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).The association between exposure (socioeconomic status, general health and oral health) and outcome (HRQoL, OHRQoL and mental health variables) were analyzed with the use of four models: P - Poisson model, NB-Negative Binomial model, ZIP - Zero Inflated Poisson model, ZINB - Zero Inflated Negative Binomial model.

RESULTS

The best model turned out to be the ZINB model, in which a negative binomial distribution in the count equation is assumed. In this model, only 13 independent variables had a significant effect on HRQoL, OHRQoL, and mental health. HRQoL assessed with the EQ-5D is significantly influenced by: living conditions 0.133 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.267, p = 0.049), income -0.348 (95%CI: -0.466, -0.230, p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus 0.437 (95%CI: 0.250, 0.624, p < 0.001), myocardial infarction 0.454 (95% CI: 0.151, 0.757, p = 0.003), stroke 0.543 (95%CI: 0.094, 0.992, p = 0.018) and renal disease 0.466 (95% CI: 0.206, 0.726, p < 0.001). Factors negatively affecting OHRQOL are: the need for oral treatment 0.278 (95%CI: 0.104, 0.452, p = 0.002), the number of missing teeth 0.053 (95%CI: 0.039, 0.067, p < 0.001) and gender 0.271 (95%CI: 0.015, 0.527, p = 0.038) and age -0.025 (95%CI: -0.042, -0.008, p = 0.003). An important factor influencing the level of depression assessed by the PHQ-9 questionnaire may be the material condition -0.225 (95%CI: -0.349, -0.101, p < 0.001). It should be emphasized that living with other people may be a factor that significantly increases the probability of avoiding the occurrence of depression symptoms.

CONCLUSION

The study concerning elderly residents of the macroregion in Poland found the impact of socioeconomic, general health and oral health parameters on Health-Related Quality of Life, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and mental health. Research on the quality of life of the elderly at the local level allowed to assess the factors linked to quality of life of older adults.

Malocclusion and oral health-related quality of life among young Danish adults. Is there a difference between subjects who received orthodontic treatment during adolescence and subjects without treatment need? A cross-sectional study

OBJECTIVES

To evaluate and compare malocclusion traits and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) between untreated young adults assessed to have no orthodontic treatment need during childhood, and young adults treated orthodontically during childhood. In addition, to investigate the relationship between malocclusion and OHRQoL.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

One hundred undergraduate students were screened for eligibility. Subjects had intraoral scans and completed OHIP-14 questionnaires. Angle molar relationship, overjet, overbite, arch length and width, Little's Irregularity Index (LII), Peer Assessment Rating (PAR) index and Dental Aesthetic Index (DAI) scores were assessed. Unpaired t-tests were used to compare outcomes between treated and untreated subjects. Multiple regression analyses were conducted to model the relationship between OHIP-14 and several prognostics simultaneously.

RESULTS

Ninety-six subjects were included (mean age ± SD = 23.7 ± 1.8 years): 41 treated and 55 untreated. The untreated subjects had significantly higher LII (p = .02), PAR (p = .01), DAI (p < .01) and overbite (p = .03). The treated subjects had significantly larger inter-canine and inter-premolar distances. No relationship was found between OHIP-14 and LII, PAR, DAI, age, gender and presence/absence of previous orthodontic treatment. However, the DAI score was significantly correlated with the OHIP-14 functional limitation domain.

CONCLUSIONS

Untreated subjects had significantly higher LII, PAR and DAI scores than the treated subjects. DAI score was significantly correlated with the OHIP-14 functional limitation domain.

Impact of stage-grade of periodontitis and self-reported symptoms on oral health-related quality of life

OBJECTIVES

The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of stage-grade of periodontitis and self-reported signs and symptoms on oral health-related quality of life.

METHODS

The diagnosis of periodontitis was based on the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. The Turkish version of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) was used to assess oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and the participants were requested to state their symptoms associated with periodontal diseases.

RESULTS

One hundred and sixty-six patients were included in the study with a mean age of 46.54 ± 9.24 years. The participants with Stage IV and Grade C periodontitis had the highest total OHIP-14 scores (median 20.00 [min.-max, 3.00-35.00] and median 18.50 (min.-max, 0.00-36.00]; respectively). The OHIP-14 scores (mean ± SD) were significantly associated with the symptoms of bleeding gums (13.64 ± 9.39), sore gums (18.00 ± 10.47), swollen gums (17.42 ± 10.91), bad breath (15.82 ± 9.44), loose teeth (20.00 ± 8.66) and drifting teeth (24.56 ± 8.46).

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrates a significant association between OHRQoL and periodontitis. Stage-grade of periodontitis and its symptoms were associated with poor quality of life.

Effects of therapeutic exercise and aerobic exercise programmes on pain, anxiety and oral health-related quality of life in patients with temporomandibular disorders

BACKGROUND

Pain and anxiety contribute to decreasing quality of life related to oral health in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Evidence-based practice has shown that therapeutic and aerobic exercise programmes are adequate strategies for modifying these factors.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the effects of aerobic exercise on pain, anxiety and quality of life related to oral health in patients with TMD.

METHODS

Forty-five patients diagnosed with TMD were divided into three groups of 15 participants: a therapeutic exercise programme (G1, mean 26.9 ± 5.5 years), a therapeutic and aerobic exercise programme (G2, mean 26 ± 4.4 years) and an aerobic exercise programme (G3, mean 24.9 ± 3.4 years). Pain intensity was assessed using a numerical rating scale (NRS), anxiety level and quality of life related to oral health through GAD-7 and OHIP-14, respectively. These parameters were evaluated twice at baseline (T0a/T0b), ending 8-week intervention period (T1) and 8-12 weeks after ending intervention (T2).

RESULTS

NRS significantly decreased in G1 (mean difference T0a/T1 = 5.2, p ˂ .001), G2 (mean difference T0a/T1 = 6.0, p ˂ .001) and G3 (mean difference T0a/T1 = 2.2, p = 0.001). OHIP-14 significantly decreased in G1 (mean difference T0a/T1 = 13.5, p ˂ .001) and G2 (mean difference T0a/T1 = 15.8, p ˂ 0.001) but not in G3 (mean difference T0a/T1 = 1.2, p = 0.55). There were no significant differences between groups regarding GAD-7. Between T1 and T2, there were no significant differences in variables.

CONCLUSION

Therapeutic exercises and therapeutic excercises combined with aerobic exercise groups had a significant decrease in pain and oral health-related quality of life at 8 and 12 weeks. These decreases were not seen for the aerobic exercise group.

A 5-Year Retrospective Study Evaluating Periodontal Health and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life of Implant-Supported Overdentures With Locator and Magnetic Attachments

This study compared peri-implant vertical bone loss, the periodontal index, prosthodontic maintenance requirements and oral health-related quality of life (OHQoL) of patients using mandibular implant-supported overdentures with 2 different attachment systems after an average of 5 years of use. Sixteen mandibular overdenture patients with magnet attachments (group 3), 24 with implant-supported mandibular overdentures with Locator attachments (group 2), and 25 conventional complete denture patients (group 1) were included in the study. The existing at least 5 years old dentures of all patients were evaluated for prosthodontic maintenance by the same prosthodontist and the patients were administered the oral health impact profile-14-Turkish version (OHIP-TR-14) questionnaire. Peri-implant tissue health was evaluated clinically in terms of plaque scores, bleeding scores, probing depth, and gingival index. Radiographic evaluation was performed in terms of peri-implant vertical bone loss. Radiographic evaluations were performed 5 years after overdenture insertion. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of total OHIP-TR-14 scores (P > .05). Although the average vertical bone resorption measured in group 2 at the end of 5 years was 1.38 mm, there was an average vertical bone loss of 1.45 mm in group 3, but this difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). Among the periodontal health indicators, there were no statistically significant differences in the mean values for periodontal indexes. According to results of the study, there were no differences in peri-implant vertical bone loss in groups 2 and 3, in periodontal health in mandibular overdentures with groups 2 and 3, or between total OHIP-TR-14 scores of patients in all groups.

Prevalence of Trismus and Its Impact on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Treated for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Oral squamous cell carcinoma, one of the most common malignancies, has a poor prognosis due to impairment in oral functions secondary to treatment. Trismus one of the major causes of impairment of oral function. The present study investigated the prevalence of trismus and its impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients treated for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The maximum inter-incisal mouth opening of hundred OSCC patients was recorded at post-treatment and 3 months post-treatment. OHRQoL questionnaire (OHIP-14) was intervened to assess the OHRQoL of patients post-treatment and 3 months follow-up, with emphasis on correlation with grades of trismus. The prevalence of trismus was 16% pre-treatment, 72% post-treatment, and 62% at 3 months after treatment. The overall OHIP-14 scores indicated that patients with trismus reported greater impairment of OHRQoL than those without trismus at the end of treatment and 3 months follow-up. At the end of treatment, patients with severe trismus demonstrated a higher mean OHIP-14 score (23.47 ±3.34) than those with moderate (17.72 ±2.83) and mild trismus (12.66 ±3.84) with statistically significant differences (p<0.001). Equivalent results were obtained at 3 months follow-up period. Patients with trismus suffer greater impairment of OHRQoL. The findings demand the need of identifying risk factors for developing trismus and early institution of newer/modified treatment approaches for better OHRQoL in OSCC survivors.

Assessing the effect of oral diseases on oral health related quality of life of institutionalized elderly using Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire: a pilot study

Background

India establishes a geriatric population of about 80 million which is 7.2% of the total population. The geriatric population is often faced by a negative impact on their quality of life due to poor oral health.

Objectives

To assess the impact of oral disease on daily activities and quality of life among the institutionalized elderly in Kanpur, India.

Materials and Method

A total of fifty-six patients were purposively selected from two old age homes through convenience sampling technique. To assess the oral health status WHO basic oral health survey form (1997) was used. Short version of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP - 14) questionnaire was used to assess the Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Independent t-test and ANOVA test was done to determine the relationship between the groups.

Results

Presence or absence of grossly decayed teeth, chronic periodontitis, based on edentulism and remaining sound teeth status produced no significant differences in any of the domains. In comparison with males, females experienced greater impact of oral diseases with respect to mean OHIP-14 score; however, it was non - significant (p=0.45).

Conclusion

Oral health status of the institutionalized subjects in Kanpur city is poor, with edentulism and periodontitis. The effect of oral diseases on the lives of elderly is comparatively low and is non-significant.

Periodontitis stage and grade are associated with poor oral-health-related quality of life: Findings from the Porto Alegre cohort study

AIM

To determine the association between periodontitis stage and grade with oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cohort was derived from the Porto Alegre study. The original sample was representative of more than 3 million inhabitants of a Brazilian urban area. Full-mouth periodontal examinations at six sites per tooth were performed at baseline and 5 years later. Periodontitis grade was determined by direct evidence of progression of attachment loss over the follow-up. Stage of periodontitis and OHRQoL, determined by the oral health impact profile version 14 (OHIP-14), were recorded at the follow-up examination. Mean ratios (MRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated adjusting for age, sex, smoking, systemic diseases, tooth loss, and baseline periodontitis diagnosis.

RESULTS

Five-hundred and ninety-nine individuals were analysed. Individuals with periodontitis grade C + stage II (MR = 1.49; 95% CI = 1.08-2.04) and stages III/IV (MR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.25-2.66) had significantly higher OHIP scores than those without periodontitis or with periodontitis stage I/grade B. Individuals with periodontitis stages II and III/IV + grade B did not differ from those without periodontitis or with periodontitis stage I/grade B.

CONCLUSION

Severity and progression rate of periodontitis are associated with poor OHRQoL.

Quality of life of patients following orthognathic surgery

The aim of this study was to evaluate how patients with dentofacial deficiency who have undergone orthognathic surgery perceive their quality of life (QoL) with respect to functional, esthetic, and psychosocial issues. In an observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative study, 10 patients who had undergone orthognathic surgery answered questionnaires used internationally for assessing QoL: the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14), and Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). In addition, the patients completed the Self-Perception Questionnaire of Esteem, Appearance, and Interpersonal Relationships (ASR-26), which explored the differences between their current self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, and interpersonal relationships and their memories of their presurgical feelings about those topics. The data were submitted to descriptive and multivariable statistical analyses. There was a statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative periods regarding self-esteem, appearance satisfaction, and professional relationships (P < 0.05). The data collected with the SF-36, OHIP-14, and OQLQ questionnaires showed high internal consistency (Cronbach α coefficient). The index (mean) scores for the SF-36 (81.5), OHIP-14 (0.6), and OQLQ (5.0) were close to the conditions of high QoL. Principal component analysis revealed 3 distinct groups of patients, and 70% of patients composed a group with high QoL scores, showing no complaints of physical pain, functional limitation, psychological discomfort, social disability, or excessive concern about their oral condition. In this small sample of patients, orthognathic surgery resulted in improved health-related QoL with variations among patients regarding physical pain, psychological discomfort, oral function, facial esthetics, physical function, social function, and self-awareness of facial deformity. The results of this study indicate the importance of applying a questionnaire in individuals who have undergone orthognathic surgery to investigate their personal motivations for treatment and which physical, social, and psychological problems are limiting their QoL.

Validation of the German-language version of the Liverpool Oral Rehabilitation Questionnaire version 3 and evaluation of oral-health-related quality of life among patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

The aim of this study was to translate the Liverpool Oral Rehabilitation Questionnaire version 3 (LORQv3) into German and validate this version in order to assess oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among head and neck cancer patients. This study was conducted at a German university clinic among patients who had completed therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC). The original English-language LORQv3 was translated into German according to the forward-backward approach. Validity and reliability were evaluated using further questionnaires related to OHRQoL and psychological impairments. Subgroups were built with reference to oral rehabilitation status and type of cancer therapy. Furthermore, OHRQoL was evaluated. Test-retest reliability was assessed by weighted kappa with a 10-14 day interval. Data were analysed by using Spearman's correlation and the following tests: Shapiro-Wilk, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U and Cronbach's alpha. The level of significance was set at α = 0.05. Analysis of the LORQv3 evaluations revealed excellent Cronbach's alpha and high test-retest reliability. Construct validity were supported by the data. LORQv3 summary score and domains were significantly affected by status of oral rehabilitation (p = 0.003, p = 0.008, p = 0.024) and treatment approach (p < 0.001, p = 0.025, p = 0.035). The German version of the LORQv3 showed high reliability and validity and an impaired OHRQoL of HNSCC patients. It can therefore be recommended for the assessment of OHRQoL.

Impact of Oral Lichen Planus on Oral Health-Related Quality of Life: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Oral health-related quality of life (OR-QoL) measurement in patients with oral lichen planus (OLP) can provide valuable information for the optimal management of their clinical conditions. The main objective of the present study was to assess the OR-QoL of patients with OLP as measured by the short-form Oral Health Impact profile-14 (OHIP-14) questionnaire. PubMed/MEDLINE, ISI/Web of Science, clinical trial registry, Embase, Scopus, and grey literature (via Google Scholar and Scilit) were searched. Reviewers independently screened titles/abstracts, assessed full-text articles, extracted data, and appraised their quality. Random effect analysis along with subgroup analysis for age, gender, and clinical type was performed. Seventeen studies were included. Mean overall OH-QoL was 15.20, [95% CI 12.176, 18.231]; a higher OHIP-14 score was seen in OLP patients, resulting in poor OH-QoL. The impact of OLP on OH-QoL life was moderate as compared to healthy subjects. However, medical treatment of the disease improved the OH-QoL and thus reduced the impact of OLP on it. OH-QoL among patients with OLP is generally poor. Clinicians and physicians should consider the OH-QoL of these patients as part of patients’ evaluation and modulate the administered treatment based on the OH-QoL response.

Comparison of two minimally invasive restorative techniques in improving the oral health-related quality of life of pregnant women: a six months randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND

Women tend to delay dental treatment due to misconceptions regarding the safety of dental procedures during pregnancy which may negatively affect their quality of life. Minimally invasive restorative techniques offer alternatives for caries treatment and can improve their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) during this stage.

METHODS

A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 2019 and included 162 pregnant women visiting public family health centers in Alexandria, Egypt, with mild to moderate dental pain due to caries. Participants were randomly assigned into Papacarie-Duo group (n = 82) and ART group (n = 80). The outcome variable was percent change in OHRQoL (oral health impact profile, OHIP-14) after 6 months. T test/Mann Whitney U test were used to compare groups and a multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the factors affecting the outcome variable.

RESULTS

A significant reduction (P < 0.002) was noted in OHIP-14 between baseline and 6 months indicating improvement in OHRQoL in the Papacarie-Duo and ART groups (16.26% and 18.91%, P = 0.120 in bivariate analysis). Multiple linear regression revealed significantly greater reduction in OHIP-14 scores in the Papacarie-Duo than the ART group (regression coefficient = 4.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.652, 7.409, P = 0.020).

CONCLUSION

Minimally invasive restorative techniques, such as ART and chemo-mechanical caries removal using Papacarie- Duo can improve the OHRQoL of pregnant women suffering from mild to moderate pain due to dental caries. Significantly more improvement was noted in the Papacarie-Duo group after adjusting all other variables. Trial registration ID NCT04619264 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ); November 6 2020, retrospective registration. ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04619264?term=NCT04619264&draw=2&rank=1 ).

Oral health-related quality of life of patients with oral chronic graft-versus-host disease

Purpose

Symptoms of oral chronic graft-versus-host-disease (cGVHD) may significantly affect the oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study aimed to assess the OHRQoL in patients with oral cGVHD and to examine whether oral cGVHD symptoms, mucosal cGVHD, and salivary gland function correlated with OHRQoL.

Methods

Patients referred to the oral cGVHD outpatient clinic were included. Severity of oral mucosal cGVHD, oral cGVHD symptoms, and OHRQoL was assessed by the NIH OMS, NIH OSS, and OHIP-14, respectively. Unstimulated and stimulated whole salivary flow rates were determined and categorized into “hyposalivation,” “normal salivary flow,” and “hypersalivation.”

Results

Of 56 included patients, 80% had mild, moderate, or severe oral mucosal cGVHD. Mean total score of OHRQoL was 16.5 (±11.7), negatively affected by functional problems. Patients reported highest scores regarding oral sensitivity and xerostomia. Significant correlations were found between severity of oral pain and OHRQoL and between oral sensitivity and OHRQoL. No correlation was found between oral mucosal cGVHD and OHRQoL. Patients with hyposalivation, normal salivary flow, and hypersalivation reported equal levels of OHRQoL.

Conclusion

Results demonstrate that the OHRQoL was mostly negatively affected by complaints of oral pain and oral sensitivity and less by the severity of oral mucosal cGVHD assessed by the NIH OMS score. Special attention of (oral) health care professionals for patients with oral cGVHD is mandatory to alleviate their symptoms and improve OHRQoL.

Patient perception after oral biopsies: an observational outpatient study

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative course in patients undergoing oral mucosal biopsies, considering clinical and patient's perception variables potentially correlated to poor healing.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

Eighty patients underwent oral biopsies. All the variables connected with the surgery were recorded, and the harvested volume was calculated through image software (ImageJ, NIH, Betesda, USA). To evaluate the postoperative discomfort, the OHIP-14 and the numeric rating scale of pain (NRS) were administered at 6 h, 7 days and 21 days after biopsy.

RESULTS

Six hours after the biopsy, 22 (OHIP-14 ≥ 20) and 24 (NRS ≥ 4) patients experienced a troublesome or painful healing, respectively. A significant statistical correlation between poor healing and high scores of NRS and OHIP was detected (Pearson's correlation test p < 0.05). Higher values of OHIP-14 were correlated to the type of lesion (OR = 1.165; p < 0.05), whereas high values of NRS were correlated to the use of systemic drugs (p < 0.05). No surgical variable had a significant statistical correlation with any of the outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS

The clinical evaluation was correlated with the patient's perception of pain and discomfort. This finding could be suggestive of the fact that wound healing can be reliably monitored with the help of these tools.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Patient perception can be a predictor of the healing of biopsied tissues.

Chemosensory Function in Burning Mouth Syndrome a Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Taste and smell are considered to be functions that contribute to the maintenance of good nutritional status. The present study evaluates taste and smell function in patients with burning mouth syndrome (BMS) versus a control group. A cross-sectional study was made of 36 consecutive patients with BMS and 56 healthy patients. Smell was assessed using the Sniffin' Sticks test, while taste was evaluated with Taste Strips. Oral quality of life was assessed with the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), and the severity of dry mouth with the Thompson Xerostomia Inventory. The patients with BMS had a mean age of 60.4 0 ± 10.5 years, while the controls had a mean age of 61.3 ± 19 years. No significant differences in smell were recorded between the two groups. In contrast, significant differences in taste function were observed between the patients with BMS and the controls. In the patients with BMS, 44.4% suffered taste alterations compared with the 3.4% healthy controls. Further studies in such patients are needed to allow improved management of the chemosensory problems, mouth dryness, and oral health-related quality of life in BMS.

Oral health-related quality of life in oral cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

Aim: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the impact of oral health on quality of life in oral cancer patients (OCPs). Methods: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for publications on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in OCP and the information was extracted according to the PRISMA guidelines. A random effect model was used to obtain the pooled standard mean differences of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP)-14 questionnaire responses in meta-analysis. Results: total of 12 research papers were analyzed and revealed poor OHRQoL in OCPs (standard mean difference: 2.53; 95% CI: 1.55-3.50; p < 0.00001) compared with healthy individuals due to the effects of oncotherapy. Moreover, OHRQoL deteriorated with combinations of different treatment modalities. Conclusion: Oral health and oncotherapy can affect the quality of life in OCPs.

Oral and general health-related quality of life in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients- comparative analysis of different treatment regims

Background

Modern aggressive oncological treatment options for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are inevitably associated with impaired general health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and oral HRQoL (OHRQoL). However, there is dire need for prospective and concomitant assessment of HRQoL and OHRQoL after different treatment regims. Hence, present study was designed to investigate HRQoL and OHRQoL in patients treated for OSCC using various modalities.

Methods

135 OSCC patients were grouped according to treatment rendered into Group A: surgery only; Group B: post-surgical radiotherapy (PRT); and Group C: post-surgical chemo-radiation (PCRT). The 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14) were intervened to assess HRQoL and OHRQoL respectively at 1-month and 6-months post-treatment.

Results

At 1-month post-treatment, patients who received PCRT showed significantly lower mean values for physical and mental domains of SF-12 and higher mean subscales and overall OHIP-14 (24.57 ​± ​2.62) score than those treated by surgery alone (10.55 ​± ​2.26) and PRT (20.20 ​± ​3.80), with largest differences between PCRT and surgery alone groups (p ​< ​0.001). Social functioning, general health and bodily pain of SF-12 and functional limitations, physical pain and physical disability amongst OHIP-14 domains were greatly affected. Although few physical domains of SF-12 showed significant improvement, mental domains remained a greater problem after 6 months. However, OHRQoL was significantly poor in all the three study groups (p ​< ​0.001).

Conclusion

Irrespective of the post-treatment duration, patients who received PCRT had worse HRQoL and OHRQoL. There is a need to identify factors associated with impaired HRQoL and OHRQoL to customize better therapeutic decisions.

Subjective Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Objective Oral Health in People with Ectodermal Dysplasia

Ectodermal dysplasia (ED) refers to a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases of the skin, skin appendages, and teeth. People with ED experience a poorer oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) compared to the general population. The aim of this study was to examine the OHRQoL of people with ED and to measure their objective physical oral health to confirm or disprove evidence of poorer oral health in this population. To determine OHRQoL, the German version of the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14G) was used. All the participants in the study were clinically examined, and the measured parameters were recorded using the Physical Oral Health Index (PhOX). In total, 10 male and 11 female participants, with an average age of 22.0 ± 9.0 years, were included in this study. The OHIP-14G summary score was 23.9 (±15.2) points (range: 0–56 points). The PhOX summary score was 61.2 (±5.1) points (range: 22–80 points). The findings indicated that both the OHRQoL and physical oral health of the participants were highly impaired and that their objective and subjective oral health were worse than those of the general population in Germany.

Comparison of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) Values in Cancer Survivor Patients Treated Orthodontically with Either Rapid or Standard Duration Protocols of Treatment-A Prospective Case-Control Study

BACKGROUND

The aim of the study was to compare the oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) between cancer survivors: with rapid orthodontic treatment (TX) (up to 12 months) and standard TX (orthodontic treatment time longer than 16 months).

METHODS

There were 76 cancer survivors (48 women and 28 men) allocated into groups with rapid (36 people) or standard (40 people) duration of TX. OHRQoL was assessed on the basis of Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) values, measured before TX, 2 weeks and 3 months after the onset of TX, and after the end of TX. A repeated ANOVA test was used to check the statistical significance between the scores.

RESULTS

There were no significant differences regarding the OHIP-14 values between the examined groups at all stages of the examination. Both groups presented significant (p < 0.001) improvement of the values of OHRQoL at the end of TX comparing to the values achieved before the onset of TX.

CONCLUSIONS

Duration of orthodontic treatment by itself had no impact on oral-health-related quality of life.