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Cao G, Bao J, Feng C, Li X, Lang Y, Xing Y, Jiang H. First report of Metschnikowia bicuspidata infection in Chinese grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes sinensis) in China. Transbound Emerg Dis 2022; 69:3133-3141. [PMID: 35076183 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.14460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Chinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) was found with white turbidity appearance in the Panjin area. After dissection, typical symptoms of milky disease with hemolymph emulsification and noncoagulation were observed; however, the pathogen was unknown. In this study, we aimed to isolate the pathogen of the diseased P. sinensis. We found that the pathogen could grow on the fungal medium Bengal red, and microscopic examination showed that it reproduced by budding. Molecular identification of the isolated and purified yeast strain LNMB2021 based on 26S rDNA sequence showed that the pathogenic pathogen was Metschnikowia bicuspidata (GenBank OK094821), with 98.74% homology with M. bicuspidata strain LNES0119 (GenBank OK073903) and 98.56% with M. bicuspidata strain Liao (GenBank MT856369). The results of an artificial infection test showed that M. bicuspidata caused the same clinical symptoms in P. sinensis, and the isolated pathogen was still the same, which proved that P. sinensis was a new host of M. bicuspidata. Histopathological analysis showed that there were obvious pathological changes in the hepatopancreas and muscle tissue of the diseased P. sinensis. Identification of the pathogen is essential for the prevention and control of the disease and the healthy culture of P. sinensis. Furthermore, considering the transmissibility and cross-host transmission of M. bicuspidata, its risk of infecting other aquatic animals deserves high attention. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gangnan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
| | - Jie Bao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
| | - Yuxi Lang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
| | - Yuenan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, P R China
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Yu C, Xu W, Li X, Jin J, Zhao X, Wang S, Zhang Z, Wei Y, Chen Q, Li Y. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Chinese grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes sinensis) hepatopancreas under ectoparasitic isopod (Tachaea chinensis) infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2021; 117:211-219. [PMID: 34303835 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tachaea chinensis, a parasitic isopod, negatively affects the production of several commercially important shrimp species. To better understand the interaction between shrimp immunity and isopod infection, we performed a transcriptome analysis of the hepatopancreas of Palaemonetes sinensis challenged with T. chinensis. After assembly and annotation, 75,980 high-quality unigenes were obtained using RNA-seq data. Differential gene expression analysis revealed 896 significantly differently expressed genes (DEGs) after infection, with 452 and 444 upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively. Specifically, expression levels of genes involved in detoxification, such as the interferon regulatory factor, venom carboxylesterase-6, serine proteinase inhibitor, and cytochrome P450, were upregulated. Furthermore, expression levels of genes corresponding to retinol dehydrogenase, triosephosphate isomerase, variant ionotropic glutamate receptor, and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase were significantly upregulated after isopod parasitization, indicating that the shrimp's visual system was influenced by isopod parasitization. Moreover, quantitative real-time PCR of 10 DEGs helped validate the RNA-seq findings. These results provide a valuable basis for future studies on the elucidation of immune responses of P. sinensis to T. chinensis infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changyue Yu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Xinmiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Simiao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yanyu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, 110866, Shenyang, China.
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Jiang Y, Li Z, Li X, Xu W, Wei H, Li Y, Li X. Genetic diversity and variation of seven Chinese grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes sinensis) populations based on the mitochondrial COI gene. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:167. [PMID: 34488635 PMCID: PMC8422745 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01893-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) is an important species widely distributed throughout China, which is ecologically relevant and possesses ornamental and economic value. These organisms have experienced a sharp decline in population due to overfishing. Therefore interest in P. sinensis aquaculture has risen in an effort to alleviate fishing pressure on wild populations. Therefore, we investigated the genetic diversity and variation of P. sinensis to verify the accuracy of previous research results, as well as to assess the risk of diversity decline in wild populations and provide data for artificial breeding. METHODS Palaemonetes sinensis specimens from seven locations were collected and their genetic variability was assessed based on mitochondrial COI gene segments. DNA sequence polymorphisms for each population were estimated using DNASP 6.12. The demographic history and genetic variation were evaluated using Arlequin 3.11. At last, the pairwise genetic distance (Ds) values and dendrograms were constructed with the MEGA 11 software package. RESULTS Our study obtained sequences from 325 individuals, and 41 haplotypes were identified among the populations. The haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity (π) indices ranged from 0.244 ± 0.083 to 0.790 ± 0.048 and from 0.0004 ± 0.0001 to 0.0028 ± 0.0006, respectively. Haplotype network analyses identified haplotype Hap_1 as a potential maternal ancestral haplotype for the studied populations. AMOVA results indicated that genetic variations mainly occurred within populations (73.07%). Moreover, according to the maximum variation among groups (FCT), analysis of molecular variance using the optimal two-group scheme indicated that the maximum variation occurred among groups (53.36%). Neutrality and mismatch distribution tests suggested that P. sinensis underwent a recent population expansion. Consistent with the SAMOVA analysis and haplotype network analyses, the Ds and FST between the population pairs indicated that the JN population was distinctive from the others. CONCLUSIONS Our study conducted a comprehensive characterization of seven wild P. sinensis populations, and our findings elucidated highly significant differences within populations. The JN population was differentiated from the other six populations, as a result of long-term geographical separation. Overall, the present study provided a valuable basis for the management of genetic resources and a better understanding of the ecology and evolution of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhu
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, SA, 5024, Australia
| | - Ye Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China. .,Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co. Ltd., Panjin, 124000, China.
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Jiang H, Chen Y, Bao J, Li X, Feng C, Xing Y, Chen Q. Isolation of the Parasite Enterocytospora artemiae From Chinese Grass Shrimp ( Palaemonetes sinensis)-First Report in Asia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:580088. [PMID: 33365276 PMCID: PMC7750389 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.580088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chinese grass shrimp (Palaemonetes sinensis) is an economically important crustacean in Chinese aquaculture. Recently, we found that shrimp in Panjin city were infected with microsporidia, a group of fungi. The hepatopancreas of several infected shrimp showed white turbidity and pathological changes that negatively affected the health and appearance of the shrimp. Histopathology and transmission electron microscopy were used to examine the development of the parasite within its parasitophorous vacuole. Our results indicated that microsporidia developed asynchronously within the same parasitophorous vacuole. The spores were predominantly small, and rod or oval-shaped. The sizes of fresh spores were approximately 3.1 × 2.4 μm and fixed spores were 1.9 × 1.1 μm. The polar filament was isofilar with 5-6 coils and the thickness was 103.2 nm. Merogonial divisions occurred by binary fission and sporogonial division occurred by plasmotomy. The small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence (1295 bp) from the parasite was highly similar to the previously reported parasite Enterocytospora artemiae (99% nucleotide identity, JX915760). Using maximum likelihood to analyze the phylogenetic relationships, we found that this microsporidian should be grouped within Clade IV, an Enterocytospora-like clade, of the Microsporidia phylum. Based on this parasite's life cycle characteristics, morphology, and small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence, the parasite described here is likely E. artemiae, which has previously only been described in Europe and North America. Thus, this is the first report of E. artemiae both in Asia and economically important shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuwen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Bao
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chengcheng Feng
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yuenan Xing
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Li Y, Xu W, Li X, Han Z, Zhang R, Li X, Chen Q. Metabolic responses of shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis to isopod Tachaea chinensis parasitization. Dis Aquat Organ 2020; 138:227-235. [PMID: 32270763 DOI: 10.3354/dao03460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tachaea chinensis, a parasitic isopod, negatively affects the production of several commercially important shrimp species in China. The mechanism of parasite-host interaction cannot be accurately described by transcriptomic and proteomic approaches individually. Here, comparative metabolite profiling was used to achieve a broad coverage of primary metabolite changes in Chinese grass shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis following T. chinensis parasitization. In total, 66 metabolites were significantly differentially accumulated between the control and infected groups; of these, 19 were upregulated and 47 were downregulated after T. chinensis infection. Moreover, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis revealed that 10 pathways were significantly enriched. The protein digestion and absorption pathways were highly enriched, followed by the mineral absorption, aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, biosynthesis of amino acids, and metabolic metabolism pathways. Parasitization by T. chinensis enhanced the glycolytic pathway and tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in P. sinensis, thereby releasing more energy for swimming, foraging, and evading predation. Glucogenic amino acids such as alanine, histidine, glutamine, and proline were consumed to generate glutamate and enhance the TCA cycle. Nucleotide-related metabolic pathways were downregulated, possibly because T. chinensis can secrete molecules to degrade nucleotides and inhibit hemostasis and inflammatory responses. These results suggest that the isopod parasite can increase the host's metabolic burden by enhancing the host's TCA cycle and secreting molecules to degrade host proteins, thereby enabling the parasite to feed on the host and inhibit an inflammatory response. The results will be a valuable contribution to understanding the metabolic responses of crustaceans to isopod parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
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Li R, Mu XD, Qin CJ, Wang J, He Y, Wen ZY. Complete mitochondrial genome of Palaemonetes sinensis and its phylogenetic consideration. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:4223-4224. [PMID: 33366392 PMCID: PMC7707653 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1693934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) and the phylogenetic location of the Palaemonetes sinensis. The mitogenome was 15,736 bp in length, containing 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 ribosome RNA genes (rRNAs), and a control region (CR). The overall nucleotide composition is as follows: A, 35.69%; C, 21.66%; G, 12.39%; T, 30.26%. Nine and four PCGs were encoded on the heavy and light strands, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that P. sinensis shares a close relationship with Palaemon serenus and Palaemon capensis. These findings are helpful for better understanding the phylogenetic relationship among Caridea, as well as investigating the population genetics of P. sinensis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Xi-Dong Mu
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Recreational Fisheries, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Jie Qin
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Yang He
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Zheng-Yong Wen
- Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province for Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- College of Life Science, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
- BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
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Zhao Y, Zhu X, Li Z, Xu W, Dong J, Wei H, Li Y, Li X. Genetic diversity and structure of Chinese grass shrimp, Palaemonetes sinensis, inferred from transcriptome-derived microsatellite markers. BMC Genet 2019; 20:75. [PMID: 31604423 PMCID: PMC6787973 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-019-0779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Chinese grass shrimp, Palaemonetes sinensis, is an economically important freshwater shrimp in China, and the study of genetic diversity and structure can positively contribute to the exploration of germplasm resources and assist in the understanding of P. sinensis aquaculture. Microsatellite markers are widely used in research of genetic backgrounds since it is considered an important molecular marker for the analyses of genetic diversity and structure. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity and structure of wild P. sinensis populations in China using the polymorphic microsatellite makers from the transcriptome. RESULTS Sixteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for P. sinensis from transcriptome, and analyzed for differences in genetic diversity and structure in multiple wild P. sinensis populations in China. Totally of 319 individual shrimps from seven different populations were genotyped to find that allelic polymorphisms varied in two to thirteen alleles seen in the entire loci. Compared to other populations analyzed, the two populations including LD and SJ showed lower genetic diversity. Both the genetic distance (D) and Wrights fixation index (FST) comparing any two populations also indicated that LD and SJ populations differed from the other five populations. An UPGMA tree analysis showed three main clusters containing SJ, LD and other populations which were also confirmed using STRUCTURE analysis. CONCLUSION This is the first study where polymorphic microsatellite markers from the transcriptome were used to analyze genetic diversity and structures of different wild P. sinensis populations. All the polymorphic microsatellite makers are believed useful for evaluating the extent of the genetic diversity and population structure of P. sinensis. Compared to the other five populations, the LD and SJ populations exhibited lower genetic diversity, and the genetic structure was differed from the other five populations. Therefore, they needed to be protected against further declines in genetic diversity. The other five populations, LP, LA, LSL, LSY and LSH, are all belonging to Liaohe River Drainage with a relatively high genetic diversity, and hence can be considered as hot spots for in-situ conservation of P. sinensis as well as sources of desirable alleles for breeding values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Aqua-life Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 200090, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Hua Wei
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yingdong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis of Liaoning Province, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China. .,Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co.Ltd., Panjin, 124000, China.
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Song C, Liu Y, Chen J. First report of mitogenome of Chinese grass shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) yielded by next-generation sequencing. Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 2019; 4:3316-3317. [PMID: 33365972 PMCID: PMC7710309 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1673249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2022]
Abstract
The nearly complete mitochondrial genome of Palaemonetes sinensis is 15,504 bp in size, containing 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs, and a partial control region. The gene content and arrangement were similar to other Palaemonidae species. The mitogenomic information obtained herein will be useful for future studies on population genetic and phylogenetic analyses of this shrimp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Song
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Wuxi Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Wuxi Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiazhang Chen
- Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Products on Environmental Factors, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.,Key Laboratory of Control of Quality and Safety for Aquatic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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Li Y, Li X, Xu W, Han Z, Zhao Y, Dong J, Wei H, Chen Q. Comparative iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis of the Chinese grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes sinensis) infected with the isopod parasite Tachaea chinensis. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:415. [PMID: 31443734 PMCID: PMC6708196 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3675-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although parasitic isopods can negatively affect the reproduction and ingestion of several commercially important crustaceans, little is known regarding the mechanisms that underlie these effects. METHODS In the present study, the iTRAQ (isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification) approach was applied to identify differentially expressed proteins in the Chinese grass shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis infected with the parasitic isopod Tachaea chinensis. RESULTS On the basis of our analysis, we identified 1262 proteins from a total of 4292 peptides. There was a significant difference in the expression of 182 proteins between the control and infected groups, among which 69 were upregulated and 113 were downregulated after T. chinensis infection. The differentially expressed proteins revealed that parasitism may inhibit the immune response, thereby increasing host vulnerability to additional lethal infection. Furthermore, T. chinensis may secrete anticoagulants to inhibit hemolymph clotting. Moreover, the isopod parasite placed a heavy metabolic burden on the host, particularly with respect to glucose metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our study is the first to use the iTRAQ-based proteomic approach to analyze the effects of an isopod parasite on its host. The results we obtained using this approach will make a valuable contribution to understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying isopod parasitism on crustaceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Zhibin Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Jing Dong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Hua Wei
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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Bao J, Li X, Yu H, Jiang H. Respiratory Metabolism Responses of Chinese Mitten Crab, Eriocheir sinensis and Chinese Grass Shrimp, Palaemonetes sinensis, Subjected to Environmental Hypoxia Stress. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1559. [PMID: 30459640 PMCID: PMC6232423 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental hypoxia represents a major physiological challenge for Eriocheir sinensis and Palaemonetes sinensis and is a severe problem in aquaculture. Therefore, understanding the metabolic response mechanisms of E. sinensis and P. sinensis, which are economically important species, to environmental hypoxia and reoxygenation is essential. However, little is known about the intrinsic mechanisms by which E. sinensis and P. sinensis cope with environmental hypoxia at the metabolic level. Hypoxia-reoxygenation represents an important physiological challenge for their culture. In this study, respiratory metabolism and respiratory metabolic enzymes of E. sinensis and P. sinensis were evaluated after different hypoxia and reoxygenation times. The results showed that environmental hypoxia had a dramatic influence on the respiratory metabolism and activities of related enzymes. The oxygen consumption rates (OCR) significantly increased as hypoxia time increased, while the ammonia excretion rate (AER) was significantly lower than that in the control group after 8 h hypoxia. The oxygen to nitrogen ratio (O:N) in the control group was <16, indicating that all the energy substrates were proteins. After environmental hypoxia, the O:N significantly increased, and the energy substrate shifted from protein to a protein-lipid mixture. The OCR, AER, and O:N did not restore to initial levels after 2 h or 12 h reoxygenation and was still the same as after 8 h hypoxia. As environmental hypoxia time increased, succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) gradually decreased and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) gradually increased. Both SDH and LDH were gradually restored to normal levels after reoxygenation. Therefore, environmental hypoxia should be avoided as much as possible during aquaculture breeding of E. sinensis and P. sinensis. Further, since OCR will significantly increase after a short period of reoxygenation, secondary environmental hypoxia due to rapid consumption of oxygen should also be avoided in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Bao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.,Research and Development Center, Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co., Ltd., Panjin, China
| | - Han Yu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
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Li Y, Xu W, Li X, Jiang H, She Q, Han Z, Li X, Chen Q. Comparative transcriptome analysis of Chinese grass shrimp ( Palaemonetes sinensis) infected with isopod parasite Tachaea chinensis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 82:153-161. [PMID: 30107262 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic isopods negatively affect reproduction and ingestion in several commercially important crustaceans; however, little is known about such parasite-host interactions. Therefore, we performed high-throughput sequencing of cDNA samples from Chinese grass shrimp Palaemonetes sinensis infected by parasitic isopod Tachaea chinensis and a non-infected control. We randomly assembled 46,858,882 and 41,110,746 clean reads from the parasitized and control groups, respectively. From these, we identified 1323 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (p < 0.05), of which 702 were up-regulated and 621 were down-regulated after T. chinensis infection, respectively. The up-regulated genes were enriched in 'ribosome', 'purine metabolism', and 'pyrimidine metabolism' signalling pathways, suggesting altered host nucleotide metabolite levels, possibly through the action of intracellular parasites transported by T. chinensis. Additionally, 14 representative DEGs involved in reproduction were down-regulated after parasitisation, indicating T. chinensis causes cascading effects in P. sinensis. Overall, parasitisation appeared to affect host immune response, metabolism, and gonadal development. In conclusion, the present study improves our understanding on the molecular mechanisms underlying interactions between isopod parasites and their crustacean hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingdong Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China.
| | - Weibin Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Hongbo Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qiuxin She
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zhibin Han
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Qijun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Dongling Road 120, Shenyang 110866, China
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12
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Dong J, Zhao YY, Yu YH, Sun N, Li YD, Wei H, Yang ZQ, Li XD, Li L. Effect of stocking density on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities, and nonspecific immune parameters of Palaemonetes sinensis. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2018; 73:37-41. [PMID: 29208496 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Palaemonetes sinensis is a new breed of shrimp with great potential for aquaculture, which has been confirmed in our previous production tests. However, there are limited reports about this species and its biological information is scarce. This study describes the effect of stocking density on the growth, digestive enzyme activities, and nonspecific immunity of P. sinensis with an initial average body weight was 0.25 ± 0.02 g. Groups of shrimps were reared at four different initial densities (2.5, 5, 10, and 20 individuals·L-1). After 30 days of culture, the results indicated that the final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate were higher in shrimps grown in groups of 10 individuals·L-1 than other groups, but the survival rates of these shrimp were significantly lower than those reared in group of 2.5 or 5 individuals·L-1. The trypsin, amylase, and lipase activities of shrimp significantly decreased with increase in stocking density. Nonspecific immune indicators decreased significantly with increase in density, but there were no significant differences between the 2.5 and 5 individuals·L-1 groups in terms of the total haemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase activity (PO), lysozyme (LZM), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). These results suggest that increasing the stocking density from 2.5 to 5 individuals·L-1 did not affect any of the detected indicators of P. sinensis, but there are shelter in farming mode is better for culture of P. sinensis up to 10 individuals L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhao
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Ye-Hui Yu
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Na Sun
- Research & Development Center, Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co. Ltd., Panjin, Liaoning 124000, PR China
| | - Ying-Dong Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Hua Wei
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China
| | - Zhan-Quan Yang
- Research & Development Center, Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co. Ltd., Panjin, Liaoning 124000, PR China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China; Research & Development Center, Panjin Guanghe Crab Industry Co. Ltd., Panjin, Liaoning 124000, PR China.
| | - Lin Li
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, PR China.
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