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Parra A, Rabin R, Pappas J, Pascual P, Cazalla M, Arias P, Gallego-Zazo N, Santana A, Arroyo I, Artigas M, Pachajoa H, Alanay Y, Akgun-Dogan O, Ruaud L, Couque N, Levy J, Porras-Hurtado GL, Santos-Simarro F, Ballesta-Martinez MJ, Guillén-Navarro E, Muñoz-Hernández H, Nevado J, Tenorio-Castano J, Lapunzina P. Clinical Heterogeneity and Different Phenotypes in Patients with SETD2 Variants: 18 New Patients and Review of the Literature. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1179. [PMID: 37372360 DOI: 10.3390/genes14061179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
SETD2 belongs to the family of histone methyltransferase proteins and has been associated with three nosologically distinct entities with different clinical and molecular features: Luscan-Lumish syndrome (LLS), intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 70 (MRD70), and Rabin-Pappas syndrome (RAPAS). LLS [MIM #616831] is an overgrowth disorder with multisystem involvement including intellectual disability, speech delay, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), macrocephaly, tall stature, and motor delay. RAPAS [MIM #6201551] is a recently reported multisystemic disorder characterized by severely impaired global and intellectual development, hypotonia, feeding difficulties with failure to thrive, microcephaly, and dysmorphic facial features. Other neurologic findings may include seizures, hearing loss, ophthalmologic defects, and brain imaging abnormalities. There is variable involvement of other organ systems, including skeletal, genitourinary, cardiac, and potentially endocrine. Three patients who carried the missense variant p.Arg1740Gln in SETD2 were reported with a moderately impaired intellectual disability, speech difficulties, and behavioral abnormalities. More variable findings included hypotonia and dysmorphic features. Due to the differences with the two previous phenotypes, this association was then named intellectual developmental disorder, autosomal dominant 70 [MIM 620157]. These three disorders seem to be allelic and are caused either by loss-of-function, gain-of-function, or missense variants in the SETD2 gene. Here we describe 18 new patients with variants in SETD2, most of them with the LLS phenotype, and reviewed 33 additional patients with variants in SETD2 that have been previously reported in the scientific literature. This article offers an expansion of the number of reported individuals with LLS and highlights the clinical features and the similarities and differences among the three phenotypes associated with SETD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Parra
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rachel Rabin
- Clinical Genetic Services, Department of Pediatrics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - John Pappas
- Clinical Genetic Services, Department of Pediatrics, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Clinical Genetics, NYU Orthopedic Hospital, New York, NY 10010, USA
| | - Patricia Pascual
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario Cazalla
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Arias
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia Gallego-Zazo
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfredo Santana
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular-Materno Infantil de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Ignacio Arroyo
- Pediatrics Department, San Pedro de Alcántara Hospital, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Mercè Artigas
- Genetics Unit, Hospital de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Harry Pachajoa
- Fundación Valle del Lili, Universidad Icesi, 760032 Cali, Colombia
| | - Yasemin Alanay
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
- Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center (ACURARE), Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Akgun-Dogan
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
- Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center (ACURARE), Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul 34752, Turkey
| | - Lyse Ruaud
- Department of Genetics, APHP-Robert Debré University Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1141, Neurodiderot, University of Paris Cité, 75019 Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Couque
- Department of Genetics, APHP-Robert Debré University Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia-FMG2025, 75014 Paris, France
| | - Jonathan Levy
- Department of Genetics, APHP-Robert Debré University Hospital, 75019 Paris, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie Médicale Multisites Seqoia-FMG2025, 75014 Paris, France
| | | | - Fernando Santos-Simarro
- Unidad de Diagnóstico Molecular y Genética Clínica, Hospital Universitario Son Espases, Idisba, 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Maria Juliana Ballesta-Martinez
- Sección de Genética Médica, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Encarna Guillén-Navarro
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Hugo Muñoz-Hernández
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julián Nevado
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jair Tenorio-Castano
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Lapunzina
- CIBERER, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- INGEMM-Idipaz, Institute of Medical and Molecular Genetics, 28046 Madrid, Spain
- ITHACA, European Reference Network, Hospital Universitario La Paz, 28046 Madrid, Spain
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