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Kozak S, Merda D, Duquesne F, Breuil MF, Mawhinney I, Petry S. Whole genome sequence analysis of the 2018 Persian onager isolate suggests sublineages within the Taylorella asinigenitalis species. Vet Microbiol 2023; 286:109884. [PMID: 37832214 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, a T. asinigenitalis strain (MCE663) was isolated in a Persian onager tested for contagious equine metritis (CEM) in a United Kingdom (UK) zoo. This bacterium had never been reported in the UK and Multilocus Sequence Typing described a new atypically divergent ST (ST60). Although the causative agent of CEM is the bacterium Taylorella equigenitalis, a first natural outbreak of endometritis caused by T. asinigenitalis ST70 was reported in 2019, putting its pathogenic potential into question. In this context, we aimed to further sequence the T. asinigenitalis MCE663 genome and characterize the strain using phenotypical and genetic approaches. Results showed that it gathered all identification characteristics of T. asinigenitalis with smaller colonies and it was susceptible to all tested antibiotics. Genome-level phylogeny showed that the genome MCE663 formed a distinct phylogroup, and only shared ≈ 96.1% of average nucleotide identity (ANI) with the three published T. asinigenitalis genomes, which together shared ≈ 98.3% ANI. According to current cut-offs consensus for species and subspecies delineation (95% and 98%, respectively), our results support the first insights of a sublineage delineation within the T. asinigenitalis species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Kozak
- ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit, Goustranville, France
| | - Déborah Merda
- ANSES, Paris Est University, SPAAD Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Fabien Duquesne
- ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit, Goustranville, France
| | - Marie-France Breuil
- ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit, Goustranville, France
| | - Ian Mawhinney
- APHA Veterinary Investigation Centre, Rougham Hill, Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, UK
| | - Sandrine Petry
- ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit, Goustranville, France.
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Dorrego A, Herranz C, Pérez-Sancho M, Camino E, Gómez-Arrones V, Carrasco JJ, De Gabriel-Pérez J, Serres C, Cruz-López F. First report and molecular characterization of cases of natural Taylorella asinigenitalis infection in three donkey breeds in Spain. Vet Microbiol 2023; 276:109604. [PMID: 36481483 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2022.109604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Taylorella asinigenitalis is a non-pathogenic bacteria isolated from the genital tract of donkeys but also a cause of metritis and vaginal discharge in mares. It is closely related to Taylorella equigenitalis, the cause of Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) in horses, and has been present in different countries in Europe since 1995. Up to date, there are no studies on the prevalence of T. asinigenitalis in the equine or asinine populations in Spain; this is the first report of the presence of T. asinigenitalis in donkeys (Equus asinus) from different breeds in three regions of Spain. A total of 106 healthy animals of three different Spanish donkey breeds: Andaluza (26), Majorera (12) and Zamorano-Leonés (68) were sampled between June and July 2017 and a real-time PCR was used to detect T. asinigenitalis in all samples. A total of 39/221 (17,65 %) samples from 22/106 (20,75 %) animals yielded a positive result and were further characterized by MLST; an allelic profile and Sequence Type (ST) could be assigned to 11 of the 39 positive samples, resulting in four novel STs and no clonal complexes within the PubMLST database. There were statistically significant differences in the percentage of positive animals by breed and sex, and also in the variability of STs between farms. Breeding management would have an influence on the percentage of positives in a farm; artificial insemination and separating jacks from jennies should be implemented. Further studies to detect and characterize T. asinigenitalis in donkeys and horses from Spain would be required to obtain a broader epidemiological picture in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abel Dorrego
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Herranz
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Pérez-Sancho
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain; Animal Health Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eliazar Camino
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Jesús Carrasco
- Equine Reproduction Center, (CENSYRA-Extremadura Government), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Jesús De Gabriel-Pérez
- Asociación Nacional de Criadores de Ganado Selecto de Raza Zamorano-Leonesa (ASZAL), Zamora, Spain
| | - Consuelo Serres
- Animal Medicine and Surgery Department, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fátima Cruz-López
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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Wilsher S, Omar H, Ismer A, Allen T, Wernery U, Joseph M, Mawhinney I, Florea L, Thurston L, Duquesne F, Petry S. A new strain of Taylorella asinigenitalis shows differing pathogenicity in mares and Jenny donkeys. Equine Vet J 2020; 53:990-995. [PMID: 33174229 DOI: 10.1111/evj.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three horse mares inadvertently inseminated with semen from a Tayorella asinigenitalis-positive Jack donkey developed severe, purulent endometritis whereas two Jenny donkeys mated naturally to the same Jack donkey did not develop clinical signs of infection. OBJECTIVES To isolate and identify the causative agent. STUDY DESIGN Case report. METHODS Endometrial swabs from the infected mares were cultured on selective and non-selective media under aerobic and microaerophilic conditions. Isolates were subjected to Gram staining, oxidase and catalase tests, the Monotayl Latex Agglutination test and PCR to test for both T. equigenitalis and T. asinigenitalis. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed and the bacterial isolate was genotyped using MLST. RESULTS A new sequence type of T. asinigenitalis was confirmed. MAIN LIMITATIONS A limited numbers of mares and donkeys are described. CONCLUSIONS This strain of T. asinigenitalis causes a severe venereal infection in mares but not in Jenny donkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hussein Omar
- Sharjah Equine Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ann Ismer
- Sharjah Equine Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Twink Allen
- Sharjah Equine Hospital, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ulli Wernery
- Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Marina Joseph
- Central Veterinary Research Laboratory, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ian Mawhinney
- APHA Veterinary Investigation Laboratory, Suffolk, UK
| | - Laura Florea
- APHA Veterinary Investigation Centre, Merrythought, Calthwaite, UK
| | - Lisa Thurston
- APHA Veterinary Investigation Centre, Merrythought, Calthwaite, UK
| | - Fabien Duquesne
- ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health in Normandy, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit, Goustranville, France
| | - Sandrine Petry
- ANSES, Laboratory for Animal Health in Normandy, Physiopathology and Epidemiology of Equine Diseases Unit, Goustranville, France
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Millar BC, Moore JE. Successful Eradication of Taylorella asinigenitalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae Venereal Bacterial Pathogens Using Domestic Steam Disinfection: Implications for AI Practice. J Equine Vet Sci 2020; 94:103228. [PMID: 33077074 DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2020.103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Steam disinfection has become established as a trusted method of microbial decontamination; however, there have been no reports on the use of this technology to disinfect equipment used in collection of semen in artificial insemination practice. Hence, it was the aim of this study to examine the survival of Taylorella asinigenitalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae venereal bacterial pathogens using domestic steam disinfection. Sixteen bacterial pathogens from three genera Taylorella, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella each at an inoculum density of approximately 1.5 × 107 colony-forming units were subjected to a steam disinfection cycle. No bacteria were recovered after disinfection, including following recovery and nonselective cultural enrichment techniques. In the absence of full sterilization, domestic steam disinfection of equipment offers a cheap, simple, and widely available technology for the elimination of these pathogens, thereby enhancing infection control in equine breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beverley C Millar
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - John E Moore
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Nightingale (Belfast City) Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK; School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
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Petry S, Py JS, Wilhelm A, Duquesne F, Bäyon-Auboyer MH, Morvan H, Gassilloud B. Evaluation of MALDI-TOF MS and an expanded custom reference spectra database for the identification and differentiation of Taylorella equigenitalis and Taylorella asinigenitalis. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 94:326-330. [PMID: 30928178 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Misidentification between Taylorella equigenitalis, the causative agent of contagious equine metritis (CEM), and Taylorella asinigenitalis is observed by the gold standard culture method. The performance of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) for Taylorella species identification was evaluated using 85 T. equigenitalis and 28 T. asinigenitalis strains selected on the basis of multilocus sequence typing data. Seven of the T. equigenitalis and 9 of the T. asinigenitalis strains were used to generate in-house reference spectra to expand the existing commercial Bruker database. Two bacterial incubation times and 3 different sample preparation procedures were compared. Overall, we demonstrated the usefulness of MALDI-TOF MS as a differential diagnostic tool for CEM; however, commercial spectra databases should be expanded with T. asinigenitalis reference spectra to achieve the expected performance. Moreover, direct spotting of 48-h colonies was not only the most efficient protocol but also the easiest to implement in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Petry
- ANSES, Dozulé Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Bacteriology unit, Dozulé, France.
| | - Jean-Sébastien Py
- ANSES, Nancy laboratory for hydrology, Water Microbiology Unit, MALDI-TOF platform, Nancy, France
| | - Amandine Wilhelm
- ANSES, Nancy laboratory for hydrology, Water Microbiology Unit, MALDI-TOF platform, Nancy, France
| | - Fabien Duquesne
- ANSES, Dozulé Laboratory for Equine Diseases, Bacteriology unit, Dozulé, France
| | | | - Hervé Morvan
- LABOCEA, Service Bactériologie Vétérinaire, Ploufragan, France
| | - Benoît Gassilloud
- ANSES, Nancy laboratory for hydrology, Water Microbiology Unit, MALDI-TOF platform, Nancy, France
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Kinoshita Y, Niwa H, Katayama Y, Hariu K. Development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods for detecting Taylorella equigenitalis and Taylorella asinigenitalis. J Equine Sci 2015; 26:25-9. [PMID: 25829868 PMCID: PMC4379330 DOI: 10.1294/jes.26.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Taylorella equigenitalis is a causative bacterium of contagious equine metritis (CEM), and Taylorella asinigenitalis is species belonging to genus Taylorella. The authors developed two loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methods, Te-LAMP and Ta-LAMP, for detecting T. equigenitalis and T. asinigenitalis, respectively. Using experimentally spiked samples, Te-LAMP was as sensitive as a published semi-nested PCR method, and Ta-LAMP was more sensitive than conventional PCR. Multiplex LAMP worked well without nonspecific reactions, and the analytical sensitivities of multiplex LAMP in the spiked samples were almost equivalent to those of Te-LAMP and Ta-LAMP. Therefore, the LAMP methods are considered useful tools to detect T. equigenitalis and/or T. asinigenitalis, and preventive measures will be rapidly implemented if the occurrence of CEM is confirmed by the LAMP methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kinoshita
- Microbiology Division, Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Niwa
- Microbiology Division, Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Katayama
- Microbiology Division, Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Hariu
- Microbiology Division, Epizootic Research Center, Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan ; Present address: Equine Department, Japan Racing Association, Tokyo 106-8401, Japan
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