1
|
Garrett LJ, Morgan BW, Burger M, Lee Y, Kim H, Sabharwall P, Choi S, Jovanovic I. Impact of Glass Irradiation on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Data Analysis. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:691. [PMID: 36679488 PMCID: PMC9865165 DOI: 10.3390/s23020691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Increased absorption of optical materials arising from exposure to ionizing radiation must be accounted for to accurately analyze laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) data retrieved from high-radiation environments. We evaluate this effect on two examples that mimic the diagnostics placed within novel nuclear reactor designs. The analysis is performed on LIBS data measured with 1% Xe gas in an ambient He environment and 1% Eu in a molten LiCl-KCl matrix, along with the measured optical absorption from the gamma- and neutron-irradiated low-OH fused silica and sapphire glasses. Significant changes in the number of laser shots required to reach a 3σ detection level are observed for the Eu data, increasing by two orders of magnitude after exposure to a 1.7 × 1017 n/cm2 neutron fluence. For all cases examined, the spectral dependence of absorption results in the introduction of systematic errors. Moreover, if lines from different spectral regions are used to create Boltzmann plots, this attenuation leads to statistically significant changes in the temperatures calculated from the Xe II lines and Eu II lines, lowering them from 8000 ± 610 K to 6900 ± 810 K and from 15,800 ± 400 K to 7200 ± 800 K, respectively, for exposure to the 1.7 × 1017 n/cm2 fluence. The temperature range required for a 95% confidence interval for the calculated temperature is also broadened. In the case of measuring the Xe spectrum, these effects may be mitigated using only the longer-wavelength spectral region, where radiation attenuation is relatively small, or through analysis using the iterative Saha-Boltzmann method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Londrea J. Garrett
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Bryan W. Morgan
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Miloš Burger
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yunu Lee
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongbin Kim
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sungyeol Choi
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Igor Jovanovic
- Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Gérard Mourou Center for Ultrafast Optical Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| |
Collapse
|