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Volckaert K, Majchrzak P, Biswas D, Jones AJH, Bianchi M, Jiang Z, Dubourg R, Stenshøj RØ, Jensen ML, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Mi JL, Bremholm M, Pan XC, Chen YP, Hofmann P, Miwa JA, Ulstrup S. Surface Electronic Structure Engineering of Manganese Bismuth Tellurides Guided by Micro-Focused Angle-Resolved Photoemission. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2301907. [PMID: 37204117 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202301907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Modification of the electronic structure of quantum matter by ad atom deposition allows for directed fundamental design of electronic and magnetic properties. This concept is utilized in the present study in order to tune the surface electronic structure of magnetic topological insulators based on MnBi2 Te4 . The topological bands of these systems are typically strongly electron-doped and hybridized with a manifold of surface states that place the salient topological states out of reach of electron transport and practical applications. In this study, micro-focused angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (microARPES) provides direct access to the termination-dependent dispersion of MnBi2 Te4 and MnBi4 Te7 during in situ deposition of rubidium atoms. The resulting band structure changes are found to be highly complex, encompassing coverage-dependent ambipolar doping effects, removal of surface state hybridization, and the collapse of a surface state band gap. In addition, doping-dependent band bending is found to give rise to tunable quantum well states. This wide range of observed electronic structure modifications can provide new ways to exploit the topological states and the rich surface electronic structures of manganese bismuth tellurides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klara Volckaert
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Paulina Majchrzak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Deepnarayan Biswas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Alfred J H Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Marco Bianchi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Zhihao Jiang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Raphaël Dubourg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Ørnekoll Stenshøj
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Mads Lykke Jensen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Nykola C Jones
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Søren V Hoffmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jian-Li Mi
- Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Martin Bremholm
- Department of Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Xing-Chen Pan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yong P Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Philip Hofmann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Jill A Miwa
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
| | - Søren Ulstrup
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, 8000, Denmark
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He M, Yan C, Li J, Suryawanshi MP, Kim J, Green MA, Hao X. Kesterite Solar Cells: Insights into Current Strategies and Challenges. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2021; 8:2004313. [PMID: 33977066 PMCID: PMC8097387 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Earth-abundant and environmentally benign kesterite Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 (CZTSSe) is a promising alternative to its cousin chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) for photovoltaic applications. However, the power conversion efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells has been stagnant at 12.6% for years, still far lower than that of CIGS (23.35%). In this report, insights into the latest cutting-edge strategies for further advance in the performance of kesterite solar cells is provided, particularly focusing on the postdeposition thermal treatment (for bare absorber, heterojunction, and completed device), alkali doping, and bandgap grading by engineering graded cation and/or anion alloying. These strategies, which have led to the step-change improvements in the power conversion efficiency of the counterpart CIGS solar cells, are also the most promising ones to achieve further efficiency breakthroughs for kesterite solar cells. Herein, the recent advances in kesterite solar cells along these pathways are reviewed, and more importantly, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanisms is provided, and promising directions for the ongoing development of kesterite solar cells are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrui He
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Chang Yan
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Jianjun Li
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Mahesh P. Suryawanshi
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Jinhyeok Kim
- Department of Materials Science and EngineeringChonnam National UniversityGwangju61186Republic of Korea
| | - Martin A. Green
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| | - Xiaojing Hao
- School of Photovoltaic and Renewable Energy EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesNew South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
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