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Grau-Bové C, González-Quilen C, Cantini G, Nardini P, Espina B, Bani D, Terra X, Blay M, Rodríguez-Gallego E, Luconi M, Ardévol A, Pinent M. GLP1 Exerts Paracrine Activity in the Intestinal Lumen of Human Colon. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3523. [PMID: 35408884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
GLP1 produced in the upper part of the gut is released after food intake and acts by activating insulin secretion, but the role of GLP1 in the colon, where it is predominantly produced, remains unknown. Here we characterized the apical versus basolateral secretion of GLP1 and PYY and the paracrine mechanisms of action of these enterohormones in the human colon. We stimulated human colon tissue in different ex vivo models with meat peptone and we used immunofluorescence to study the presence of canonical and non-canonical receptors of GLP1. We found that PYY and GLP1 are secreted mainly at the gut lumen in unstimulated and stimulated conditions. We detected DPP4 activity and found that GLP1R and GCGR are widely expressed in the human colon epithelium. Unlike GLP1R, GCGR is not expressed in the lamina propria, but it is located in the crypts of Lieberkühn. We detected GLP1R expression in human colon cell culture models. We show that the apical secretion of PYY and GLP1 occurs in humans, and we provide evidence that GLP1 has a potential direct paracrine function through the expression of its receptors in the colon epithelium, opening new therapeutic perspectives in the use of enterohormones analogues in metabolic pathologies.
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Zhou W, Barton S, Cui J, Santos LL, Yang G, Stern C, Kieu V, Teh WT, Ang C, Lucky T, Sgroi J, Ye L, Dimitriadis E. Infertile human endometrial organoid apical protein secretions are dysregulated and impair trophoblast progenitor cell adhesion. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1067648. [PMID: 36589798 PMCID: PMC9794621 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1067648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Embryo implantation failure leads to infertility. As an important approach to regulate implantation, endometrial epithelial cells produce and secrete factors apically into the uterine cavity in the receptive phase to prepare the initial blastocyst adhesion and implantation. Organoids were recently developed from human endometrial epithelium with similar apical-basal polarity compared to endometrial gland making it an ideal model to study endometrial epithelial secretions. METHODS Endometrial organoids were established using endometrial biopsies from women with primary infertility and normal fertility. Fertile and infertile organoids were treated with hormones to model receptive phase of the endometrial epithelium and intra-organoid fluid (IOF) was collected to compare the apical protein secretion profile and function on trophoblast cell adhesion. RESULTS Our data show that infertile organoids were dysregulated in their response to estrogen and progesterone treatment. Proteomic analysis of organoid apical secretions identified 150 dysregulated proteins between fertile and infertile groups (>1.5-fold change). Trophoblast progenitor spheroids (blastocyst surrogates) treated with infertile organoid apical secretions significantly compromised their adhesion to organoid epithelial cell monolayers compared to fertile group (P < 0.0001). DISCUSSION This study revealed that endometrial organoid apical secretions alter trophoblast cell adhesiveness relative to fertility status of women. It paves the way to determine the molecular mechanisms by which endometrial epithelial apical released factors regulate blastocyst initial attachment and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Siena Barton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jinwei Cui
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Leilani L. Santos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Guannan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Catharyn Stern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Violet Kieu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Wan Tinn Teh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Catarina Ang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tarana Lucky
- The Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Joseph Sgroi
- Melbourne IVF, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Epworth HealthCare, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Louie Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Evdokia Dimitriadis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Gynaecology Research Centre, Royal Women’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Evdokia Dimitriadis,
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Leventea E, Zhu Z, Fang X, Nikolaeva Y, Markham E, Hirst RA, van Eeden FJM, Malicki JJ. Ciliopathy genes are required for apical secretion of Cochlin, an otolith crystallization factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2102562118. [PMID: 34244442 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102562118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, we report that important regulators of cilia formation and ciliary compartment-directed protein transport function in secretion polarity. Mutations in cilia genes cep290 and bbs2, involved in human ciliopathies, affect apical secretion of Cochlin, a major otolith component and a determinant of calcium carbonate crystallization form. We show that Cochlin, defective in human auditory and vestibular disorder, DFNA9, is secreted from small specialized regions of vestibular system epithelia. Cells of these regions secrete Cochlin both apically into the ear lumen and basally into the basal lamina. Basally secreted Cochlin diffuses along the basal surface of vestibular epithelia, while apically secreted Cochlin is incorporated into the otolith. Mutations in a subset of ciliopathy genes lead to defects in Cochlin apical secretion, causing abnormal otolith crystallization and behavioral defects. This study reveals a class of ciliary proteins that are important for the polarity of secretion and delineate a secretory pathway that regulates biomineralization.
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Sloves PJ, Mouveaux T, Ait-Yahia S, Vorng H, Everaere L, Sangare LO, Tsicopoulos A, Tomavo S. Apical Organelle Secretion by Toxoplasma Controls Innate and Adaptive Immunity and Mediates Long-Term Protection. J Infect Dis 2015; 212:1449-58. [PMID: 25910629 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexan parasites have unique apical rhoptry and microneme secretory organelles that are crucial for host infection, although their role in protection against Toxoplasma gondii infection is not thoroughly understood. Here, we report a novel function of the endolysosomal T. gondii sortilin-like receptor (TgSORTLR), which mediates trafficking to functional apical organelles and their subsequent secretion of virulence factors that are critical to the induction of sterile immunity against parasite reinfection. We further demonstrate that the T. gondii armadillo repeats-only protein (TgARO) mutant, which is deficient only in apical secretion of rhoptries, is also critical in mounting protective immunity. The lack of TgSORTLR and TgARO proteins completely inhibited T-helper 1-dependent adaptive immunity and compromised the function of natural killer T-cell-mediated innate immunity. Our findings reveal an essential role for apical secretion in promoting sterile protection against T. gondii and provide strong evidence for rhoptry-regulated discharge of antigens as a key effector for inducing protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Saliha Ait-Yahia
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunity, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientfique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8204, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (NSERM), Unité ( U) 1019, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | - Han Vorng
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunity, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientfique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8204, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (NSERM), Unité ( U) 1019, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | - Laetitia Everaere
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunity, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientfique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8204, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (NSERM), Unité ( U) 1019, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
| | | | - Anne Tsicopoulos
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunity, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Centre National de la Recherche Scientfique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 8204, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (NSERM), Unité ( U) 1019, Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, France
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