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Zou L, Zhou C, Hess RF, Zhou J, Min SH. Daily dose-response from short-term monocular deprivation in adult humans. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2024; 44:564-575. [PMID: 38317572 DOI: 10.1111/opo.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Short-term monocular deprivation (MD) shifts sensory eye balance in favour of the previously deprived eye. The effect of MD on eye balance is significant but brief in adult humans. Recently, researchers and clinicians have attempted to implement MD in clinical settings for adults with impaired binocular vision. Although the effect of MD has been studied in detail in single-session protocols, what is not known is whether the effect of MD on eye balance deteriorates after repeated periods of MD (termed 'perceptual deterioration'). An answer to this question is relevant for two reasons. Firstly, the effect of MD (i.e., dose-response) should not decrease with repeated use if MD is to be used therapeutically (e.g., daily for weeks). Second, it bears upon the question of whether the neural basis of the effects of MD and contrast adaptation, a closely related phenomenon, is the same. The sensory change from contrast adaptation depends on recent experience. If the observer has recently experienced the same adaptation multiple times for consecutive days, then the adaptation effect will be smaller because contrast adaptation exhibits perceptual deterioration, so it is of interest to know if the effects of MD follow suit. This study measured the effect of 2-h MD for seven consecutive days on binocular balance of 15 normally sighted adults. We found that the shift in eye balance from MD stayed consistent, showing no signs of deterioration after subjects experienced multiple periods of MD. This finding shows no loss of effectiveness of repeated daily doses of MD if used therapeutically to rebalance binocular vision in otherwise normal individuals. Furthermore, ocular dominance plasticity, which is the basis of the effects of short-term MD, does not seem to share the property of 'perceptual deterioration' with contrast adaptation, suggesting different neural bases for these two related phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Chenyan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Robert F Hess
- McGill Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Seung Hyun Min
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Ye Y, Zhang Z, Niu L, Shi W, Wang X, Yan L, Zhou X, Zhao J. Binocular imbalance in patients after implantable collamer lens V4c implantation or femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis for myopia with presbyopia. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1204792. [PMID: 37325042 PMCID: PMC10267309 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1204792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To investigate the long-term safety, efficacy, and binocular balance of monovision surgery using Implantable Collamer Lens (ICL) V4c implantation and Femtosecond Laser-Assisted in situ Keratomileusis (FS-LASIK) for the treatment of myopic patients with presbyopia. Methods This case series study involved 90 eyes of 45 patients (male/female = 19/26; average age:46.27 ± 5.54 years; average follow-up time:48.73 ± 14.65 months) who underwent the aforementioned surgery to treat myopic presbyopes. Data on manifest refraction, corrected distance visual acuity, dominant eye, presbyopic addition, intraocular pressure, and anterior segment biometric parameters were collected. The visual outcomes and binocular balance at 0.4 m, 0.8 m, and 5 m were documented. Results The safety index for the ICL V4c and FS-LASIK groups were 1.24 ± 0.27 and 1.04 ± 0.20 (p = 0.125), respectively. Binocular visual acuity (logmar) for 0.4 m, 0.8 m, and 5 m were -0.03 ± 0.05, -0.03 ± 0.02, and 0.10 ± 0.03 for the ICL V4c group, and -0.02 ± 0.09, -0.01 ± 0.02, and 0.06 ± 0.04 for the FS-LASIK group, respectively. The proportions of all patients with imbalanced vision at 0.4 m, 0.8 m, and 5 m distances were 68.89, 71.11, and 82.22%, respectively (all p > 0.05 between the two groups). There were significant differences in refraction between the balanced and imbalanced vision for patients at 0.4 m distance (for non-dominant eye spherical equivalent [SE]: -1.14 ± 0.17D and -1.47 ± 0.13D, p < 0.001), 0.8 m distance (for preoperative ADD:0.90 ± 0.17D and 1.05 ± 0.11D, p = 0.041), and 5 m distance (for non-dominant SE: -1.13 ± 0.33D and -1.42 ± 0.11D, p < 0.001). Conclusion ICL V4c implantation and FS-LASIK monovision treatment demonstrated good long-term safety and binocular visual acuity at various distances. After the procedure, the imbalanced patients' vision is primarily related to the age-related presbyopia and anisometropia progression caused by the monovision design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Lingling Niu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Wanru Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Li Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye and ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
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Lu Y, Zou L, Chen Y, Mao Y, Zhu J, Lin W, Wu D, Chen R, Qu J, Zhou J. Rapid Alternate Flicker Modulates Binocular Interaction in Adults With Abnormal Binocular Vision. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:15. [PMID: 36786740 PMCID: PMC9932553 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The current understanding of binocular processing is primarily derived from static spatial visual perception: this leaves the role of temporal information unclear. In this study, we addressed this gap by testing the effect of alternating flicker on binocular information processing in adults with abnormal binocular vision. Our goal was to determine which temporal frequency optimally balanced input from both eyes. Methods We took measurements in four groups of human adults: 10 normal adults with the individual's nondominant eye covered by a 2% neutral density filter (aged 25.60 ± 1.43 years, experiment 1), 9 nonamblyopic anisometropes (aged 24.33 ± 1.66 years, experiment 2), 7 amblyopes (aged 26.5 ± 1.64 years, experiment 3), and 7 treated amblyopes (aged 24 ± 3.21 years, experiment 4). The balance point (BP), where participants' two eyes are equally effective, was measured using a binocular orientation combination task at four spatial frequencies (SFs; 0.5-4 c/d) and five temporal frequencies (TFs; baseline and 4, 7, 10, and 15 Hz). Its log transformation |logBP| was taken into further analysis. Results We observed clear U-shaped temporal tuning of the |logBP| for the entire range of TFs (that we measured: trough occurred at 7 Hz). This pattern occurred and was significant in all four groups (P < 0.001). In addition, the effect of SFs on |logBP| was significant in normal, amblyopic, and treated amblyopic groups (all P < 0.001) and was marginally significant in the nonamblyopic anisometropic group (P = 0.086). Conclusions Alternating flicker around 7 Hz may be the optimal temporal frequency for balancing eyes in human adults with binocular imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liying Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yiya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jinli Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenman Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dingqiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ruyin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China,Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science and National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye Hospital Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Chen Y, Gao Y, He Z, Sun Z, Mao Y, Hess RF, Zhang P, Zhou J. Internal neural states influence the short-term effect of monocular deprivation in human adults. eLife 2023; 12:83815. [PMID: 36705563 PMCID: PMC9910827 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The adult human visual system maintains the ability to be altered by sensory deprivation. What has not been considered is whether the internal neural states modulate visual sensitivity to short-term monocular deprivation. In this study we manipulated the internal neural state and reported changes in intrinsic neural oscillations with a patched eye open or closed. We investigated the influence of eye open/eye closure on the unpatched eye's contrast sensitivity and ocular dominance (OD) shifts induced by short-term monocular deprivation. The results demonstrate that internal neural states influence not only baseline contrast sensitivity but also the extent to which the adult visual system can undergo changes in ocular dominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Yige Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhifen He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Zhouyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yu Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Robert F Hess
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Peng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science CenterHefeiChina
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
- National Engineering Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
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Xiang A, Du K, Fu Q, Zhang Y, Zhao L, Yan L, Wen D. Do monocular myopia children need to wear glasses? Effects of monocular myopia on visual function and binocular balance. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1135991. [PMID: 37034177 PMCID: PMC10073496 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1135991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to compare the binocular visual functions and balance among monocular myopic adolescents and adults and binocular low myopic adolescents and explore whether monocular myopia requires glasses. Methods A total of 106 patients participated in this study. All patients were divided into three groups: the monocular myopia children group (Group 1 = 41 patients), the monocular myopia adult group (Group 2 = 26 patients) and the binocular low myopia children group (Group 3 = 39 patients). The refractive parameters, accommodation, stereopsis, and binocular balance were compared. Results The binocular refractive difference in Group 1, Group 2, and Group 3 was -1.37 ± 0.93, -1.94 ± 0.91, and -0.32 ± 0.27 D, respectively. Moreover, uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), spherical equivalent (SE) and monocular accommodative amplitude (AA) between myopic and emmetropic eyes in Group 1 and Group 2 were significantly different (all P < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the accommodative facility (AF) between myopic and emmetropic eyes in Group 2 (t = 2.131, P = 0.043). Furthermore, significant differences were found in monocular AA (t = 6.879, P < 0.001), binocular AA (t = 5.043, P < 0.001) and binocular AF (t = -3.074, P = 0.003) between Group 1 and Group 2. The normal ratio of stereopsis according to the random dots test in Group 1 was higher than in Group 2 (χ2 = 14.596, P < 0.001). The normal ratio of dynamic stereopsis in Group 1 was lower than in Group 3 (χ2 = 13.281, P < 0.001). The normal signal-to-noise ratio of the binocular balance point in Group 1 was lower than Group 3 (χ2 = 4.755, P = 0.029). Conclusion First, monocular myopia could lead to accommodative dysfunction and unbalanced input of binocular visual signals, resulting in myopia progression. Second, monocular myopia may also be accompanied by stereopsis dysfunction, and long-term uncorrected monocular myopia may worsen stereopsis acuity in adulthood. In addition, patients with monocular myopia could exhibit stereopsis dysfunction at an early stage. Therefore, children with monocular myopia must wear glasses to restore binocular balance and visual functions, thereby delaying myopia progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiqun Xiang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kaixuan Du
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiuman Fu
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanni Zhang
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liting Zhao
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Li Yan
- National Engineering Research Center for Healthcare Devices, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Wen
- Eye Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Dan Wen,
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Lin 林温曼 W, Wei 魏君涵 J, Wang 王文静 W, Zou 邹李颖 L, Zhou 周诗旗 S, Jiang 江楠 N, Reynaud A, Zhou 周佳玮 J, Yu 于旭东 X, Hess RF. Rapid alternate monocular deprivation does not affect binocular balance and correlation in human adults. eNeuro 2022; 9:ENEURO.0509-21.2022. [PMID: 35523581 PMCID: PMC9131719 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0509-21.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies show that the human adult visual system exhibits neural plasticity. For instance, short-term monocular deprivation shifts the eye dominance in favor of the deprived eye. This phenomenon is believed to occur in the primary visual cortex by reinstating neural plasticity. However, it is unknown whether the changes in eye dominance after monocularly depriving the visual input can also be induced by alternately depriving both eyes. In this study, we found no changes in binocular balance and interocular correlation sensitivity after a rapid (7 Hz), alternate and monocular deprivation for one hour in adults. Therefore, the effect of short-term monocular deprivation cannot seem to be emulated by alternately and rapidly depriving both eyes.Significance statementPrevious work has shown that short-term binocular function disruption, which its most extreme form is monocular deprivation, could induce neural plasticity in adult visual system. In this study, we found a balanced deprivation of binocular function could not induce a neuroplastic change in human adults. It appears that ocular dominance plasticity in human adults is unique in so far as it is only driven by an input imbalance not balanced deprivation of binocular function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenman Lin 林温曼
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Junhan Wei 魏君涵
- Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Affiliated Guangren Hospital School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Wenjing Wang 王文静
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Liying Zou 邹李颖
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Shiqi Zhou 周诗旗
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Nan Jiang 江楠
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Alexandre Reynaud
- McGill Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jiawei Zhou 周佳玮
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Xudong Yu 于旭东
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry and Eye hospital, and State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
| | - Robert F Hess
- McGill Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Quercia P, Pozzo T, Marino A, Guillemant AL, Cappe C, Gueugneau N. Children with Dyslexia Have Altered Cross-Modal Processing Linked to Binocular Fusion. A Pilot Study. Clin Ophthalmol 2020; 14:437-448. [PMID: 32103890 PMCID: PMC7025670 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s226690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The cause of dyslexia, a reading disability characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities, is unknown. A considerable body of evidence shows that dyslexics have phonological disorders. Other studies support a theory of altered cross-modal processing with the existence of a pan-sensory temporal processing deficit associated with dyslexia. Learning to read ultimately relies on the formation of automatic multisensory representations of sounds and their written representation while eyes fix a word or move along a text. We therefore studied the effect of brief sounds on vision with a modification of binocular fusion at the same time (using the Maddox Rod test). Methods To check if the effect of sound on vision is specific, we first tested with sounds and then replaced them with proprioceptive stimulation on 8 muscular sites. We tested two groups of children composed respectively of 14 dyslexic children and 10 controls. Results The results show transient visual scotoma (VS) produced by sensory stimulations associated with the manipulation of oculomotor balance, the effect being drastically higher in the dyslexic group. The spatial distribution of the VS is stochastic. The effect is not specific for sounds but exists also with proprioceptive stimulations. Discussion Although there was a very significant difference between the two groups, we were not able to correlate the (VS) occurrence with the dyslexic’s reading performance. One possibility to confirm the link between VS and reading impairment would be to find a specific treatment reducing the occurrence of the VS and to check its effect on dyslexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Quercia
- Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, Campus Universitaire, UFR STAPS, BP 27877, F-21078 Dijon, France; INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Dijon F-21078, France
| | - Thierry Pozzo
- Center for Translational Neurophysiology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Anne Laure Guillemant
- Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, Campus Universitaire, UFR STAPS, BP 27877, F-21078 Dijon, France; INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Dijon F-21078, France
| | - Céline Cappe
- Brain and Cognition Research Center, CerCo, CNRS UMR 5549, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicolas Gueugneau
- Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, Campus Universitaire, UFR STAPS, BP 27877, F-21078 Dijon, France; INSERM U1093, Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice, Dijon F-21078, France
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