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Kazlauskas E, Smailyte G, Domarkienė I, Kučinskas V, Matulevičienė A, Elklit A, Žukauskaitė G, Ambrozaitytė L. Psychological distress 35 years after the Chornobyl accident in the Lithuanian clean-up workers. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2233843. [PMID: 37459245 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2023.2233843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects on the health of the Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident clean-up workers have been reported previously. However, there is a lack of studies on the mental health of Chornobyl clean-up workers. The current study explored psychological distress in a sample of Lithuanian clean-up workers 35 years after the accident. In total, 107 Lithuanian Chornobyl clean-up workers (Mage = 62.5) and 107 controls were included in the study. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) was used for the assessment of anxiety and depression. The depression symptoms were significantly higher in the clean-up workers compared to the control group. The prevalence of severe depression symptoms was 23.4% and 4.7% in the Chornobyl clean-up workers and control groups, respectively. The risk for severe depression was associated with Chornobyl clean-up work (adjusted OR = 5.9). No differences in the anxiety symptoms were found between clean-up workers and controls. The study revealed the deteriorated mental health of the Lithuanian Chornobyl clean-up workers 35 years after the disaster - in particular, high levels of depression. Psychosocial support programmes for clean-up workers should be provided to mitigate the adverse effects of the disaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evaldas Kazlauskas
- Center for Psychotraumatology, Institute of Psychology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Giedre Smailyte
- Laboratory of Cancer Epidemiology, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Institute of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ingrida Domarkienė
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vaidutis Kučinskas
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aušra Matulevičienė
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ask Elklit
- Danish National Centre for Psychotraumatology, Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Gabrielė Žukauskaitė
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Laima Ambrozaitytė
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Shvaiko LI, Bazyka KD, Sushko VO, Ilienko IM, Bazyka DA. LUNG FUNCTION AND TELOMERE RELATIVE LENGTH IN CLEAN-UP WORKERS OF CHORNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT IN A REMOTE POST-ACCIDENT PERIOD. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2020; 24:503-515. [PMID: 31841491 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2019-24-503-515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to study the relationship between functional status of bronchopulmonary system and telomere length in clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident in a remote post-accident period. MATERIALS AND METHODS A study was performed in 113 clean-up workers of Chornobyl NPP accident. Individual do- cumented doses of irradiation in clean-up workers ranged from 1,0 to 880 mSv (330.4 ± 317.7 (M ± SD)). The aver- age age of the Chornobyl NPP participants was (62.21 ± 6.99) years. A complex of functional pulmonary tests (spirometry, body plethysmography, examination of lung diffusion capacity) was performed. Relative telomere length (RTL) was analysed by flow-FISH. RESULTS There was a tendency to decrease the relative telomere length in clean-up workers with COPD I-II stage and COPD III-IV, compared with patients with the absence of bronchopulmonary diseases (RTL 15,2 ± 2,7). Significantly shorter telomeres were observed in patients with COPD who were exposed to radiation at a dose of more than 500 mSv (13.6 ± 2.5) compared with COPD patients who were exposed at a dose <10 mSv (RTL 15.3 ± 2.3). When analyzing the correlation relationships of the studied indicators, no significant associations were found with the relative telomere length. At this stage of the study no association of relative telomere length with age, body mass index, and functional criteria (FEV1 (l), intrathoracic pressure (ITGV), total lung capacity (TLC), diffusion lung capac- ity (DLCO)) was detected. CONCLUSIONS The analyzed telomere length relationship from liquidators of the Chernobyl found no direct associa- tion with indicators of lung function tests, however, showed a trend towards reducing the relative telomere length in clean-up workers who suffer from COPD and exposed to doses from 100 to 500 mSv and above 500 mSv.
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Affiliation(s)
- L I Shvaiko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of MedicalSciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - K D Bazyka
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of MedicalSciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - V O Sushko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of MedicalSciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - I M Ilienko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of MedicalSciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - D A Bazyka
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of MedicalSciences of Ukraine», 53 Yuriia Illienka St., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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Prysyazhnyuk AY, Trotsyuk NK, Gudzenko NA, Chumak VV, Bakhanova OV, Fuzik MM, Belyaev YM, Fedorenko ZP, Gorokh YL, Romanenko AY, Bazyka DA, Khukhryanska OM. RADIATION RISKS OF THYROID CANCER IN CHORNOBYL CLEAN-UP WORKERS USING THE ALTERNATIVE ESTIMATES OF DOSES OF EXTERNAL EXPOSURE. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2018; 23:200-215. [PMID: 30582846 DOI: 10.33145/2304-8336-2018-23-200-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to estimate the thyroid cancer radiation risks - excess absolute risk(EAR), excess relative risk (ERR) and attributable fraction of risk (AR) in the cohort of 150,813 Ukrainian male clean-up workers during the 1986-2012 period (more than 25 years after the Chornobyl accident). MATERIALS AND METHODS The cohort under study of 150,813 Ukrainian men who participated emergency and clean-up work in 1986-1990 was formed based on the data of the Ukrainian State Register of persons affected due toChornobyl accident (SRU). The identification of thyroid cancer cases (216) was carried out by linking the SRU data-base with the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine (NCRU) data. Standardised incidence ratios (SIR) were estimatedcomparing thyroid cancer incidence in the cohort with the corresponding national indices. Excess absolute risk(EAR), excess relative risk (ERR) and attributable fraction of risk (AR) were calculated accounting for the alterna-tive dose estimates. The following sources of the average dose values for Ukrainian liquidators were used: officialtotal external dose records according to UNSCEAR 2008 report and results of external red bone marrow dose recon-struction by the RADRUE method for the cohort sample. For the radiation risk evaluation, these estimates were con-versed to the average external thyroid dose. RESULTS Results of the long term study (1986-2012) of thyroid cancer risks in a cohort of 150813 Chornobyl clean-up workers («liquidators») from Ukraine are presented. Two options for the average thyroid dose estimates were usedfor radiation risks evaluation. According to the SRU and NCRU 216 incident thyroid cancers were diagnosed in 1986-2012 within the studied cohort with an overall SIR of 3.35 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 2.51-3.80). The SIR esti-mates were elevated throughout the entire follow-up period. Investigation of a contribution of the external expo-sure (according to the alternative values) showed the elevated dose associated thyroid cancer rates in the studiedcohort. Alternatively estimated EAR/104 PY Gy were of 1.86 (95 % CI 0.47-3.24) and 2.07 (95 % CI 0.53-3.62);ERR/Gy - 2.38 (95 % CI 0.60-4.15) and 2.66 (95 % CI 0.68-4.64) and AR % (Gy) 70.4 % and 72.7 % Gy. CONCLUSIONS Obtained results prove the dose dependent increase of thyroid cancer incidence among UkrainianChornobyl clean-up workers. These conclusions are consistent with those received for combined cohort of Belarus,Russia and Baltic States liquidators.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ye Prysyazhnyuk
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - N K Trotsyuk
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - N A Gudzenko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - V V Chumak
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - O V Bakhanova
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - M M Fuzik
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - Yu M Belyaev
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - Z P Fedorenko
- National Cancer Institute, 33/34, Lomonosov str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
| | - Y L Gorokh
- National Cancer Institute, 33/34, Lomonosov str., Kyiv, 03022, Ukraine
| | - A Yu Romanenko
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - D A Bazyka
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
| | - O M Khukhryanska
- State Institution «National Research Center for Radiation Medicine of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», 53, Melnykov str., Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine
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Chumak AA, Pleskach GV. Analysis of some risk factors for myocardial infarction in a cohort of the Chornobyl clean-up workers (according to the data of Clinical and Epidemiological Registry). Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2013:289-298. [PMID: 25191733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of the paper was to analyze the individual risk factors for coronary heart disease in a group of clean-up workers, who had developed a myocardial infarction (MI) after the Chornobyl NPP accident. METHODS Data of 525 clean-up workers with a first MI event were analyzed among all uniquely identifiable clean-up workers registered in the Clinical and Epidemiological Registry (CER) of NRCRM. The comparison was carried out with a control group of 110 residents of Kyiv, who had MI within 2004-2009. RESULTS It was found that the proportion of patients who had MI under 45 years was increased in the first 10 years after the Chornobyl accident, being first of all due to the age structure of the clean-up worker's cohort as a whole. The distribution of patients by age in the following years was close to that in the other MI cohorts described in the literature. The external radiation dose of men who developed MI in the first 5 years after the Chornobyl NPP accident was 39.58 ± 6.72 cSv (median 25 cSv) which exceeded the dose of men who had got the MI later (23.78 ± 2.43 cSv, median 12 cSv; p=0.009). CONCLUSIONS The quantity of the male patients with minimum number of risk factors was gradually reducing along with time since the Chornobyl accident and accordingly the proportion of patients with three or more risk factors was increased (p=0.001). Incidence of obesity and hypercholesterolemia among male clean-up workers was higher than in the control group of male inhabitants of Kyiv.
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Bazyka DA, Gudzenko NA, Dyagil IS, Babkina NG, Chumak VV, Bakhanova EV, Paramonov VV, Romanenko AY. Multiple myeloma among Chornobyl accident clean-up workers - state and perspectives of analytical study. Probl Radiac Med Radiobiol 2013:169-172. [PMID: 25191721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The objective of the study was to analyze the Multiple Myeloma (MM) incidence in clean-up workers preparing the information background for consequent analytical study with a dose-dependent risk estimates. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Cohort Database was linked to the Ukrainian National Cancer Registry to identify the MM cases in a cohort of 152 520 male clean-up workers. RESULTS The 64 MM cases were identified in the studied Cohort for the 1987-2012 period. Fifty-eight of them were included to the preliminary incidence analysis accounting for the 10-years lag-period. According to the preliminary data analysis the MM incidence rate in studied clean-up workers Cohort did not exceed the corresponding rate in general population of Ukraine along the 21 years after the catastrophe. CONCLUSIONS Standardized incidence ratio for the 2008-2012 period, that is 22-26 years after the accident, demonstrated the significant excess of MM incidence among male clean-up workers in comparison with general population of Ukraine of corresponding age and gender (SIR 1.61, 95% CI 1.01;2.21).
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