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Bonney SK, Sullivan LT, Cherry TJ, Daneman R, Shih AY. Distinct features of brain perivascular fibroblasts and mural cells revealed by in vivo two-photon imaging. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2022; 42:966-978. [PMID: 34929105 PMCID: PMC9125487 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x211068528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Perivascular fibroblasts (PVFs) are recognized for their pro-fibrotic role in many central nervous system disorders. Like mural cells, PVFs surround blood vessels and express Pdgfrβ. However, these shared attributes hinder the ability to distinguish PVFs from mural cells. We used in vivo two-photon imaging and transgenic mice with PVF-targeting promoters (Col1a1 or Col1a2) to compare the structure and distribution of PVFs and mural cells in cerebral cortex of healthy, adult mice. We show that PVFs localize to all cortical penetrating arterioles and their offshoots (arteriole-capillary transition zone), as well as the main trunk of only larger ascending venules. However, the capillary zone is devoid of PVF coverage. PVFs display short-range mobility along the vessel wall and exhibit distinct structural features (flattened somata and thin ruffled processes) not seen with smooth muscle cells or pericytes. These findings clarify that PVFs and mural cells are distinct cell types coexisting in a similar perivascular niche.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K Bonney
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Liam T Sullivan
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy J Cherry
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard Daneman
- Departments of Neurosciences and Pharmacology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andy Y Shih
- Center for Developmental Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Wu X, Huang J, Wang J, Xu Y, Yang X, Sun M, Shi J. Multi-Pharmaceutical Activities of Chinese Herbal Polysaccharides in the Treatment of Pulmonary Fibrosis: Concept and Future Prospects. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:707491. [PMID: 34489700 PMCID: PMC8418122 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.707491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a fatal chronic progressive respiratory disease, characterized by continuous scarring of the lung parenchyma, leading to respiratory failure and death. The incidence of PF has increased over time. There are drugs, yet, there are some limitations. Hence, it is of importance to find new therapies and new drugs to replace the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. In recent years, there have been a great number of research reports on the treatment of traditional Chinese medicine polysaccharides in various system fields. Among them, the treatment of PF has also gained extensive attention. This review summarized the source of polysaccharides, the drug activity of traditional Chinese medicine, and the protective effects on targets of Pulmonary fibrosis. We hope it can inspire researchers to design and develop polysaccharides, serving as a reference for potential clinical therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbo Wu
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chegdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianli Huang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, China
| | - Yihua Xu
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinwei Yang
- School of Sports Medicine and Health, Chegdu Sport University, Chengdu, China
| | - Minghan Sun
- Central of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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3
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Agalakova NI, Kolodkin NI, Adair CD, Trashkov AP, Bagrov AY. Preeclampsia: Cardiotonic Steroids, Fibrosis, Fli1 and Hint to Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041941. [PMID: 33669287 PMCID: PMC7920043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite prophylaxis and attempts to select a therapy, the frequency of preeclampsia does not decrease and it still takes the leading position in the structure of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. In this review, we present a new theory of the etiology and pathogenesis of preeclampsia that is based on the interaction of Na/K-ATPase and its endogenous ligands including marinobufagenin. The signaling pathway of marinobufagenin involves an inhibition of transcriptional factor Fli1, a negative regulator of collagen synthesis, followed by the deposition of collagen in the vascular tissues and altered vascular functions. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo neutralization of marinobufagenin is associated with the restoration of Fli1. The inverse relationship between marinobufagenin and Fli1 opens new possibilities in the treatment of cancer; as Fli1 is a proto-oncogene, a hypothesis on the suppression of Fli1 by cardiotonic steroids as a potential anti-tumor therapeutic strategy is discussed as well. We propose a novel therapy of preeclampsia that is based on immunoneutralization of the marinobufagenin by monoclonal antibodies, which is capable of impairing marinobufagenin-Na/K-ATPase interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia I. Agalakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 44 Torez Prospect, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Nikolai I. Kolodkin
- State Institute of Highly Pure Biopreparations and Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 44 Torez Prospect, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; or
| | - C. David Adair
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga, TN 37402, USA; or
| | - Alexander P. Trashkov
- Konstantinov St. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, 1 Orlova Roshcha, 188300 Gatchina, Russia;
| | - Alexei Y. Bagrov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, 44 Torez Prospect, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia;
- Correspondence:
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Li J, Chou H, Li L, Li H, Cui Z. Wound healing activity of neferine in experimental diabetic rats through the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and nrf-2 pathway. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol 2020; 48:96-106. [PMID: 31852261 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2019.1699814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) may be associated with late healing and septic manifestation, subsequently lead to amputation which is an overpriced incident. Neferine is an alkaloid found lotus. Neferine possesses many physiological functions such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and anticancer effect. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of topical application based on neferine, in streptozotocin-induced diabetic incision wound models rats. The data demonstrated wound healing activities via macroscopic, biochemical, histological, immuno-histochemical, immunofluorescent and molecular methods. There was significant acceleration in wound closure rate, decrease in the period of re-epitalization, higher amount of collagen and protein content in neferine treated group when compared with diabetic wound control. Histological data evidence collagen formation in skin and marked granulation with more connective tissue markers. The augmentation of serum insulin and HDL was dissimilar with blood glucose reduction and decreased lipid level (TC, TG and LDL). The healing effect was additionally validated by decreased lipid peroxidation and enhanced antioxidants. Concurrently, the mRNA level of Nrf-2, collagen-1, TGF-β and α-SMA were decreased with Kaep-1 increased significantly. This enhancement was achieved through downregulation of inflammatory mediators such as nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2, and upregulation of growth factor such as in groups treated with neferine. The western blot results reveal the macrophage (CD 68 and CD 163) involved in wound healing markedly elevated. Hence, the results indicate that neferine significantly promotes a fast and efficient wound healing in diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Plastic surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Plastic surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Chou
- Department of Plastic surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Plastic surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Plastic surgery, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhengjun Cui
- Department of Burn surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Cox J, Malik M, Britten J, Lewis T, Catherino WH. Ulipristal Acetate and Extracellular Matrix Production in Human Leiomyomas In Vivo: A Laboratory Analysis of a Randomized Placebo Controlled Trial. Reprod Sci 2017; 25:198-206. [PMID: 28929861 DOI: 10.1177/1933719117728802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In a prior randomized controlled study, patients treated with ulipristal acetate (UPA) or placebo for 3 months had a decrease in leiomyoma size. A total of 10 patients' tissue samples (5 placebo and 5 treated with 10 mg/d UPA) that underwent hysterectomy and tissue preservation were identified from this study. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting were used to assess fold gene and protein expression of extracellular membrane (ECM) proteins: collagen 1A (COL1A), fibronectin (FN1), and versican (VCAN) of the samples. Confirmatory immunohistochemical analysis was performed. Changes in total matrix collagen were examined using Masson trichrome staining. Multiplex measurement of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases was performed. Compared to placebo-treated surgical specimens, 80% of the treated specimens showed decrease in VCAN protein, 60% showed decrease in FN1, but no consistent alteration in COL1A. This effect was also supported by immunohistochemistry where leiomyoma surgical specimens demonstrated decreased amount of FN1 and VCAN on UPA treatment. Increased MMP2 and decreased MMP9 in treated patient leiomyomas indicate both degradation of the matrix and inhibition of the pathway involved in matrix production. Treatment with UPA decreased fibroid volume in placebo-controlled, randomized trials. Treatment with UPA decreased gene expression and protein production in leiomyoma tissue, suggesting both an impact on water content and ECM protein concentration as a mechanism of ulipristal-mediated decrease in leiomyoma size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeris Cox
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,2 Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, Fort Belvoir, VA, USA
| | - Minnie Malik
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joy Britten
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terrence Lewis
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,3 Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William H Catherino
- 1 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.,3 Program in Reproductive and Adult Endocrinology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Ren R, Mao Y, Ruan Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Du J, Yu W. Celastrol attenuates ventilator induced lung injury in mouse through inhibition of MAPK pathway. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017; 10:9302-9309. [PMID: 31966802 PMCID: PMC6965913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that celastrol has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities, but little is known about its protective effects on ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). This study is aimed to investigate the effects of celastrol on VILI and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS A total of 40 ICR male mice aged 7-9 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 per group): control group (Con), control + celastrol group (Con+Ce), mechanical ventilation group (Ven) and mechanical ventilation + celastrol group (Ven+Ce). The lungs were collected for histological examination, detection of W/D, and MPO, MDA, SOD, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) by ELISA, p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 protein by Western blotting, and collagen-1 and TGF-β mRNA expression by RT-PCR. RESULTS The W/D in the Ven group was significantly higher than the W/D in the Con group and the Ven+Ce group (both P<0.01). Mechanical ventilation for 4 h markedly increased lung MPO and MDA activity, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, but dramatically reduced SOD and IL-10 (all P<0.01). However, celastrol pre-treatment compromised the increased MPO, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 (all P<0.01) and significantly increased SOD (P=0.035<0.05) and IL-10 (P<0.01). In addition, mRNA level of collagen-1 and TGF-β as well as p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 protein expression increased significantly (P<0.01) after mechanical ventilation, which however were markedly reduced in the presence of celastrol pre-treatment. CONCLUSION Celastrol pre-treatment may exert anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and related lung fibrosis to attenuate VILI in mice, which may be related to the inhibition of p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 by MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanfei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Junming Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
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Gupta AR, Dey S, Saini M, Swarup D. Toxic effect of sodium fluoride on hydroxyproline level and expression of collagen-1 gene in rat bone and its amelioration by Tamrindus indica L. fruit pulp extract. Interdiscip Toxicol 2017; 9:12-16. [PMID: 28652842 PMCID: PMC5458109 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2016-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive fluoride intoxication plays an important role in the development of dental, skeletal and non-skeletal fluorosis. The aim of this study was to ascertain the toxic effect of excessive fluoride ingestion on the level of hydroxyproline and expression of type 1 collagen gene in rat bone and its amelioration by supplementation with Tamarindus indica fruit pulp extract. Forty albino rats were randomly assigned to four groups. The first group served as control and received only tap water. The second group received sodium fluoride (200 ppm) through drinking water. The third group received T. indica fruit pulp extract (200 mg/kg body weight) alone and the fourth group received the T. indica fruit pulp extract (200 mg/kg body weight) along with fluorinated drinking water (200 ppm) daily by gavage for a period of 90 days. The level of hydroxyproline and expression of type 1 collagen gene using quantitative real time PCR in the tibia bone decreased significantly with continuous exposure to sodium fluoride. Co-administration of T. indica fruit pulp extract during exposure to fluoride through drinking water restored the level of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in serum and the concentration of hydroxyproline in urine. It increased the level of hydroxyproline and expression of type 1 collagen gene in the tibia as compared to untreated fluoride-exposed rats. It is concluded that T. indica fruit pulp extract has an ameliorative potential to protect the bone from fluoride induced collagen damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Raj Gupta
- Environmental Medicine Laboratory, Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, India
| | - Sahadeb Dey
- Environmental Medicine Laboratory, Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, India
| | - Mohini Saini
- Environmental Medicine Laboratory, Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, India
| | - Devendra Swarup
- Environmental Medicine Laboratory, Division of Medicine, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243122, India
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Sadar S, Kaspate D, Vyawahare N. Protective effect of L-glutamine against diabetes-induced nephropathy in experimental animal: Role of KIM-1, NGAL, TGF-β1, and collagen-1. Ren Fail 2016; 38:1483-1495. [PMID: 27756197 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2016.1227918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy is a serious microvascular complication and one of the main causes of end-stage renal disease. L-Glutamine (LG) is naturally occurring amino acids with antidiabetic and antioxidant potential. The aim of present investigation was to evaluate the potential of LG against streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) in laboratory rats. DN was induced in male Wistar rats (200-220 g) by intraperitoneal administration of STZ (55 mg/kg). Animals were treated orally with either distilled water (10 mg/kg) or LG (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) or Sitagliptin (5 mg/kg). Various biochemical, molecular, and histological (hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome stain) parameters were assessed. Administration of LG (500 and 1000 mg/kg) significantly inhibited (p < .05) STZ-induced alterations in serum and urine biochemistry (urine creatinine, uric acid, albumin, and BUN). It also significantly increased creatinine clearance rate. STZ induced increase in renal oxidonitrosative stress was significantly decreased (p < .05) by LG (500 and 1000 mg/kg) treatment. Upregulated renal KIM-1, NGAL, TGF-β1, and collagen-1 mRNA expression after STZ administration was significantly inhibited (p < .05) by LG (500 and 1000 mg/kg) treatment. Correlation analysis also revealed that antidiabetic potential of LG attenuates STZ-induced elevated renal KIM-1, NGAL, TGF-β1, and collagen-1 mRNA expression. Histopathological alteration induced by STZ in renal tissue was ameliorated by LG treatment. In conclusion, results of present investigation suggest that treatment with LG ameliorated STZ-induced DN via the inhibition of oxidonitrosative stress as well as downregulation of KIM-1, NGAL, TGF-β1, and collagen-1 mRNA expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smeeta Sadar
- a Padmashree Dr D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy , Akurdi , Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Dipti Kaspate
- b Cognizant Technology Solution , Hinjewadi, Pune , Maharashtra , India
| | - Neeraj Vyawahare
- a Padmashree Dr D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy , Akurdi , Pune , Maharashtra , India
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