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Joslowski G, Yang J, Aronsson CA, Ahonen S, Butterworth M, Rautanen J, Norris JM, Virtanen SM, Uusitalo U. Development of a harmonized food grouping system for between-country comparisons in the TEDDY Study. J Food Compost Anal 2017; 63:79-88. [PMID: 29151672 PMCID: PMC5690566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) is an international study aiming to investigate associations between dietary and other environmental factors and the risk of developing islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Dietary intake was assessed using a 24-hour recall and repeated 3-day food records and analyzed using country-specific food composition databases (FCDBs) in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the U.S. with respective in-house calculation programs. A food grouping harmonization process between four country-specific FCDBs was conducted to evaluate and achieve comparability on food group definitions and quantification of food consumption across the countries. Systematic review revealed that the majority of existing food groups of the TEDDY FCDBs were not comparable. Therefore, a completely new classification system of 15 mutually exclusive main food groups (e.g. vegetables) and 89 subgroups (e.g. root vegetables, leafy vegetables) was developed. Foods and beverages were categorized into basic foods (single ingredient) and composite dishes (multiple ingredients). Composite dishes were broken down to ingredients using food composition data available in the FCDBs or generic recipes created for the harmonization effort. The daily consumption of every food group across FCDBs was quantified consistently as either raw or prepared weight depending on the food group to achieve maximal comparability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesa Joslowski
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München and Forschergruppe Diabetes, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München and Forschergruppe Diabetes e.V., Koelner Platz 1, Munich, 80804, Germany
| | - Jimin Yang
- Health Informatics Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Carin Andrén Aronsson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, CRC 60:11, Jan Waldenstroms gata 35, Malmö, SE-20502, Sweden
| | - Suvi Ahonen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health Solutions, Nutrition Unit. University of Tampere, Faculty of Social Sciences. Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital. Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, 00300, Finland
| | - Martha Butterworth
- Health Informatics Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Jenna Rautanen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health Solutions, Nutrition Unit. Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, 00300, Finland
| | - Jill M. Norris
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Denver, Colorado School of Public Health, 13001 East 17th Place, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Suvi M. Virtanen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Public Health Solutions, Nutrition Unit. University of Tampere, Faculty of Social Sciences. Science Centre, Tampere University Hospital. Center for Child Health Research, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital. Mannerheimintie 166, Helsinki, 00300, Finland
| | - Ulla Uusitalo
- Health Informatics Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, 3650 Spectrum Blvd, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
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