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Komorowski AS, Fisher AR, Jungheim ES, Lewis CS, Omurtag KR. Fertility preservation discussions, referral and follow-up in male-to-female and female-to-male adolescent transgender patients. HUM FERTIL 2023; 26:903-907. [PMID: 34915792 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2021.2015804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The number of patients seeking transgender healthcare is growing, and there is a potential impact of gender-affirming therapies on fertility. The use of fertility preservation (FP), particularly among transgender adolescents, has been limited. We aimed to examine differences in FP counselling, referral and utilisation between male-to-female (MtF) and female-to-male (FtM) transgender adolescents. A retrospective review of the medical records of patients ages 12-17 seen at an academic medical centre between 2012 and 2017 with a diagnosis of gender dysphoria was conducted. A total of 22 MtF and 45 FtM adolescents were included. The counselling on the potential fertility impact of gender-affirming therapy was documented in 55%, and of those counselled, 73% were counselled before receiving medication. There was no significant difference between the timing of counselling for MtF versus FtM adolescents. Of patients with documented reproductive wishes, 77% reported either desire for adopted children or no desire for biological children. Among patients offered FP referral, 2 (22.2%) MtF and 3 (12.5%) FtM patients accepted; both MtF patients cryopreserved sperm. While most adolescents were counselled on the fertility impact of gender-affirming therapy, there is room for improvement as 45% of patients had no documented counselling. The rate of transgender adolescents pursuing FP consultation and gamete cryopreservation was low, consistent with prior studies in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison S Komorowski
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Andrew R Fisher
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Emily S Jungheim
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, USA
| | - Christopher S Lewis
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
| | - Kenan R Omurtag
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, USA
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2
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Walasik I, Falis M, Płaza O, Szymecka-Samaha N, Szymusik I. Polish Female Cancer Survivors' Experiences Related to Fertility Preservation Procedures. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2023; 12:727-734. [PMID: 36719988 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2022.0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the experience of Polish female cancer patients related to fertility preservation (FP) after gonadotoxic treatment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed among young women, who were diagnosed with a neoplasm. The questionnaire was distributed via the Internet. Results: The study group consisted of 299 women. Most of them had breast cancer (34%) or Hodgkin lymphoma (20%). The most popular treatment regimen was a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation (30%). Almost 78% of study participants underwent potentially gonadotoxic treatment. Fifty-seven percent of study participants admitted that oncologist had not informed them about FP methods, while only 19% were encouraged to visit fertility specialists. Seventeen percent of women decided to preserve fertility before malignancy treatment, 11.8% of women cryopreserved oocytes, 16% cryopreserved embryos, 16% cryopreserved ovarian tissue and 55% had ovarian suppression. Conclusion: The access to fertility counseling in Poland is limited. Emphasis should be placed on the coordination between cancer treatment centers and reproductive specialists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Walasik
- 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Falis
- Students' Scientific Association at the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Płaza
- Students' Scientific Association at the 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Szymecka-Samaha
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, the Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Szymusik
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatology and Neonatology, the Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Barda S, Amir H, Mizrachi Y, Dviri M, Yaish I, Greenman Y, Sofer Y, Azem F, Hauser R, Lantsberg D. Sperm parameters in Israeli transgender women before and after cryopreservation. Andrology 2023; 11:1050-1056. [PMID: 36542410 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of fertility preservation, initially intended for oncological patients prior to gonadotoxic treatment, has extended in recent years to transgender and gender-non-conforming individuals undergoing therapy for gender compatibility. OBJECTIVES To examine semen quality and survival in transgender women pursuing semen cryopreservation in the presence or absence of gender-affirming hormonal medication. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed data of 74 consecutive transgender women presenting for semen cryopreservation at a single center between 2000 and 2019. Semen parameters before and after cryopreservation were compared to a control group composed of 100 consecutive sperm bank donor candidates. A subgroup analysis of subjects who had used gender-affirming hormonal treatment was also performed. RESULTS Compared to the control group, transgender women had lower total sperm count (144.0 vs. 54.5 million, respectively, p < 0.001), lower sperm motility percentage (65.0% vs. 51.0%, respectively, p < 0.001), and lower total motile sperm count (94.0 vs. 27.0 million, respectively, p < 0.001). Values were further decreased in transgender women who had received hormonal treatment before sperm cryopreservation. Post-thawing motility rate remained lower in the transgender group compared to the control group (20.0% vs. 45.0%, respectively, p < 0.001), and the total motile count remained lower as well (2.7 vs. 9.0 million, respectively, p < 0.001). Following sperm cryopreservation, the post-thaw decreases in total motile sperm count were higher in the transgender group compared with the control group (91.5% vs. 90.0%). Further subdivision in the transgender group showed that the decrease in total motile sperm count was lower for transgender women who did not use gender-affirming hormonal treatment compared to those who did (-89.7% vs. -92.6%, respectively, p < 0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Sperm parameters in transgender women are poor compared to candidates for sperm donation representing the general population. Specimens collected after discontinuation of gender-affirming hormone treatments were further impaired. Moreover, post-thawing sperm total motile count, motility, and overall sperm survival were reduced in transgender women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimi Barda
- The Institute for the Study of Fertility, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Israel Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Hadar Amir
- Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yossi Mizrachi
- The Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michal Dviri
- Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Iris Yaish
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yona Greenman
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Sofer
- Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Foad Azem
- Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ron Hauser
- The Institute for the Study of Fertility, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Lantsberg
- The Institute for the Study of Fertility, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Racine IVF Unit, Lis Maternity Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- The Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Xu X, Li W, Zhang L, Ji Y, Qin J, Wang L, Wang M, Qi L, Xue J, Lv B, Zhang X, Xue Z. Effect of Sperm Cryopreservation on miRNA Expression and Early Embryonic Development. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:749486. [PMID: 35004670 PMCID: PMC8728010 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sperm preservation is a common means of personal fertility preservation, its effects on embryonic development potential need further investigation. The purpose of this study was to identify key microRNA (miRNA) in cryopreserved sperm and determine the changes of these miRNAs and their target genes during embryonic development using cryopreserved sperm. Moreover, the embryonic development potential of cryopreserved sperm was estimated in assisted reproductive technology (ART), where key miRNAs and target genes were validated in sperm and subsequent embryos. Clinical data of embryonic development from cryopreserved sperm indicated a significant decrease in fertilization rate in both in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cases, as well as a reduction in blastocyst formation rate in ICSI cases. Meanwhile there was a significant increase in blocked embryo ratio of Day1, Day2, and Day3.5 embryos when frozen-thawed mouse sperm was used, compared with fresh mouse sperm, suggesting a potential negative effect of sperm cryopreservation on embryonic development. From frozen-thawed and fresh sperm in humans and mice, respectively, 21 and 95 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) were detected. miR-148b-3p were downregulated in both human and mouse frozen-thawed sperm and were also decreased in embryos after fertilization using cryopreserved sperm. Target genes of miR-148b-3p, Pten, was identified in mouse embryos using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot (WB). In addition, common characters of cryopreservation of mouse oocytes compared with sperm were also detected; downregulation of miR-148b-3p was also confirmed in cryopreserved oocytes. In summary, our study suggested that cryopreservation of sperm could change the expression of miRNAs, especially the miR-148b-3p across humans and mice, and may further affect fertilization and embryo development by increasing the expression of Pten. Moreover, downregulation of miR-148b-3p induced by cryopreservation was conserved in mouse gametes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Xu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wanqiong Li
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yazhong Ji
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaying Qin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingwen Wang
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingbin Qi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinfeng Xue
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Lv
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunyi Zhang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhigang Xue
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Gao J, Zhang Y, Cui L, Zhang T, Wu B, Gao S, Chen ZJ. "Double Frozen Transfer" Could Influence the Perinatal and Children's Growth: A Nested Case-Control Study of 6705 Live Birth Cycles. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:878929. [PMID: 36034419 PMCID: PMC9413401 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.878929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate neonatal and children growth outcomes of cryotransfer of embryos developed from frozen gametes [double frozen transfer (DFT)]. METHODS This nested case-control study included 6,705 women who had a singleton live birth after embryo transfer at the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Shandong University, from 2008 to 2020. Of these, 745 women underwent frozen embryo transfer (FET) using embryos developed from frozen gametes (DFT). Propensity score methodology was used to balance the two groups by maternal age and body mass index (BMI) before evaluating outcomes. After age and BMI were matched using the propensity score methodology in a ratio of 1:4, the control groups enrolled 2,980 women who underwent fresh embryo transfer (ET) and 2,980 women underwent FET from fresh gametes. The children born were followed to at least 5 years of age, and some were followed up to 10 years. Neonatal outcomes and childhood growth measurements were compared among the three groups. RESULTS The average birth weight of the DFT group (3,462 g) was significantly higher than the FET group (3,458 g) and ET group (3,412 g). The rate of large for gestational age (LGA) babies in the DFT and FET group was higher than that for the ET group (30.9% vs. 24.8%; 29.4% vs. 24.8%, respectively). After adjusting for different confounder combinations in the three models, the birth weight and risk of LGA in the DFT and FET groups were still higher than in the ET group, and the values group of P for trend in the models were significant. In multiple linear regression analysis of the children's development, the height Z-score of children born from the DFT and FET group was higher than that for children from the ET group (β = 0.21, 95% CI 0.07-0.35; b = 0.17, 95% CI 0.05-0.28, respectively). However, childhood growth measurements including body weight Z-score and BMI Z-score were not significantly different among the three groups. In addition, the proportion of male children born from DET was higher than that from ET. CONCLUSIONS There is an increased risk of LGA babies associated with pregnancies conceived from DFT. Children are inclined to be taller in the future in this group than after FET. The related etiology and pathophysiology mechanisms still need to be revealed. In the future, well-designed, observational studies with in-depth collection of patients' characteristics may shed more light on this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
| | - Yiyuan Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Cui
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bingjie Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shanshan Gao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- *Correspondence: Shanshan Gao,
| | - Zi-Jiang Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Research Unit of Gametogenesis and Health of ART-Offspring, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
- Key laboratory for Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center for Reproductive Health, Jinan, China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Assisted Reproduction and Reproductive Genetics, Shanghai, China
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Chen D, Kyweluk MA, Sajwani A, Gordon EJ, Johnson EK, Finlayson CA, Woodruff TK. Factors Affecting Fertility Decision-Making Among Transgender Adolescents and Young Adults. LGBT Health 2020; 6:107-115. [PMID: 30985275 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2018.0250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to identify factors affecting transgender adolescents' and young adults' (AYA) decisions to pursue fertility preservation (FP). METHODS Participants completed a semistructured interview between December 2016 and June 2017 to inform improvements in fertility counseling and the development of a fertility decision aid targeted to transgender youth. Interviews included open-ended questions within the following domains: (1) gender-affirming medical care received, (2) knowledge of gender-affirming hormone effects on fertility and FP options, (3) FP decision-making, and (4) how, when, and what information AYA prefer to receive regarding FP. The interviews were analyzed thematically. RESULTS Eighteen transgender AYA (ages 15-24) participated (60% participation rate). The majority was White (61%) and assigned female at birth (67%). Half received specialized FP counseling (50%). Few of the transgender AYA pursued FP (33%). Five key themes reflecting factors affecting transgender AYA's FP decision-making were identified: (1) future parenthood desires, (2) individual experiences of gender dysphoria, (3) family values around biological parenthood, (4) financial considerations, and (5) fertility information provision. CONCLUSIONS Transgender AYA consider numerous factors in deciding whether to pursue FP. Although individual desires for and family values around biological parenthood influenced whether AYA pursued specialized FP counseling, individual experiences of gender dysphoria and costs of FP were barriers. AYA also identified shortcomings in fertility counseling with providers, highlighting the need to establish standardized counseling protocols and develop patient decision aids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Chen
- 1 The Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,2 Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,3 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,4 Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Moira A Kyweluk
- 5 Department of Anthropology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.,6 Program in Public Health, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Afiya Sajwani
- 1 The Potocsnak Family Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Elisa J Gordon
- 7 Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,8 Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,9 Center for Bioethics and Medical Humanities, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Emilie K Johnson
- 8 Center for Healthcare Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,10 Division of Urology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,11 Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Courtney A Finlayson
- 4 Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,12 Division of Endocrinology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Teresa K Woodruff
- 13 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.,14 Division of Reproductive Science in Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Abstract
The term 'fertility preservation' embraces techniques that are actually mostly based on gamete and gonadal tissue cryopreservation. While the efficiency of these techniques in terms of live births remains difficult to establish, it is remarkable that this ambiguous terminology is routinely used and seems currently well accepted. In order to limit false hopes about the real chances of truly preserving fertility, our medical community should discuss qualifying the term 'fertility preservation'. 'Gamete or gonadal tissue cryopreservation' could appear as a more unambiguous and realistic term. However, it probably captures only a segment of a more global 'fertility preservation' process. Discussing how and when to use which terminology, and even finding a more realistic and unifying term, should be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaël Grynberg
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Fertility Preservation, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Clamart, France.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Nathalie Sermondade
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 6, INSERM UMRS 938, Centre de Recherche Saint Antoine, Paris, France
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