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Tao YK, Hou XY, Gao H, Zhang X, Zuo FM, Wang Y, Li XX, Jiang G. Grade-targeted nanoparticles for improved hypoxic tumor microenvironment and enhanced photodynamic cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:221-235. [PMID: 33533660 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2020-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The hypoxia of the tumor microenvironment (TME), low transfer efficiency of photosensitizers and limited diffusion distance of reactive oxygen species restrict the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT). Aim: To produce TME-responsive and effective nanoparticles for sensitizing PDT. Materials & methods: CD44 and mitochondria grade-targeted hyaluronic acid (HA)-triphenylphosphine (TPP)-aminolevulinic acid (ALA)-catalase (CAT) nanoparticles (HTACNPs) were synthesized via a modified double-emulsion method. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to investigate the antitumor efficacy of HTACNP-mediated PDT. Results: HTACNPs specifically targeted MV3 cells and the mitochondria and produced O2 to relieve TME hypoxia. HTACNP-mediated PDT produced reactive oxygen species to induce irreversible cell apoptosis. HTACNP-PDT inhibited melanoma growth effectively in vivo. Conclusion: HTACNP-mediated PDT improved TME hypoxia and effectively enhanced PDT for cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Kai Tao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.,Department of Dermatology, Changzhou First People's Hospital, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Hou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.,Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
| | - Huan Gao
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Feng-Mei Zuo
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.,Department of Medical Imaging, Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine, Yancheng 224000, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Xin-Xin Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Guan Jiang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.,Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, China
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