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Saaiq M, Zalaudek I, Rao B, Lee Y, Rudnicka L, Czuwara J, Giuffrida R, Wollina U, Jafferany M, Lotti T, Grabbe S, Goldust M. A brief synopsis on scalp melanoma. Dermatol Ther 2020; 33:e13795. [PMID: 32520414 DOI: 10.1111/dth.13795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma constitutes one of the most sinister and troublesome malignancies encountered by humanity. Generally, the diagnosis of advanced melanoma connotes a grave prognosis, prompting a sense of looming threat of death, however, the early-stage detected disease responds well to robust treatment resulting in reasonable survivorship. Scalp melanomas are even more troublesome, because they typically exhibit more aggressive biologic behavior and are often diagnosed at a late stage. This review tries to comprehensively highlight the various diagnostic, therapeutic, and outcome aspects of scalp melanomas. The literature research includes peer-reviewed articles (clinical trials or scientific reviews). Studies were identified by searching electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) till May 2020 and reference lists of respective articles. Only articles published in English language were included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saaiq
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Orthopedics, National Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine (NIRM), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic, University of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Babar Rao
- Department of Dermatology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Somerset, New Jersey, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Young Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Lidia Rudnicka
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Czuwara
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Roberta Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Uwe Wollina
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Städtisches Klinikum Dresden, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mohammad Jafferany
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Saginaw, Michigan, USA
| | - Torello Lotti
- Department of Dermatology, University of Studies Guglielmo Marconi, Rome, Italy
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mohamad Goldust
- Department of Dermatology, University of Rome G. Marconi, Rome, Italy.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Abstract
Background: Mucosal melanomas (MM) arise within the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI), genitourinary (GU) and head and neck (HN) systems. Method: A retrospective analysis of the National Comprehensive Database identified 4,961 MM patients. Primary objective was to compare survival outcomes across the different locations. Results: Overall survival for GI melanomas was significantly shorter than HN and GU melanomas. Median survival (95% confidence interval) was 19.5 (18.0-21.5), 26.4 (24.9-28.3), and 43.9 (38.8-47.8), months for GI, HN and GU cases, respectively (p<0.0001). Conclusion: This is the largest study of MM in a US based population, demonstrating worse overall survival for GI MM in comparison to HN and GU melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Al-Haseni
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Abby Vrable
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | | | - Stephanie Mathews
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Samara Pollock
- Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Minh-Tam Truong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Debjani Sahni
- Department of Dermatology, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
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Soares CD, de Lima Morais TM, Mariano FV, Altemani A, Corrêa MB, Reis RRDD, Amorim LS, Ferreira SMS, de Almeida OP, Carlos R, Jorge J. Expression of mitochondrial dynamics markers during melanoma progression: Comparative study of head and neck cutaneous and mucosal melanomas. J Oral Pathol Med 2019; 48:373-381. [PMID: 30916813 DOI: 10.1111/jop.12855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Head and neck mucosal melanomas (MMs) are rare tumors with adverse outcomes and poorer prognoses than their more common cutaneous counterparts (cutaneous melanomas-CMs). Few studies have compared the expression of mitochondrial dynamic markers in these tumors. This study aimed to assess the correlations of mitochondrial markers with melanoma progression and their potential as predictors of lymph node involvement and distant metastasis. METHODS Immunohistochemistry against anti-mitochondrial (AMT), dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (FIS1), mitofusin-1 (MFN1), and mitofusin-2 (MFN2) antibodies was performed in 112 cases of head and neck CM and MM. A Cox regression multivariate model was used to assess the correlation of AMT, FIS1, and MFN2 expressions considering the risk for nodal and distant metastasis. RESULTS All markers studied presented higher staining in tumor cells than normal adjacent tissues. Higher mitochondrial content was observed in MM than in CM, and it was significantly associated with nodal metastasis in oral melanomas. Both FIS1 and DRP1 expressions were related to advanced Clark's levels in CM, and they were overexpressed in oral melanomas. Moreover, increased immunoexpression of MFN2 was significantly associated with a higher risk of metastasis in CM, and it was also overexpressed in sinonasal melanomas. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that mitochondrial fission and fusion processes can play an important role during multiple stages of tumorigenesis and the development of nodal and distant metastasis in cutaneous and mucosal melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Dantas Soares
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thayná Melo de Lima Morais
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Viviane Mariano
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albina Altemani
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Brum Corrêa
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, Oncology Center (CEON), Fornecedores de Cana Hospital, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Sonia Maria Soares Ferreira
- Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Unit, University Hospital of the Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.,Program of Research in Health, Centro Universitário Cesmac, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Oslei Paes de Almeida
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roman Carlos
- Pathology Division, Centro Clínico de Cabeza y Cuello/Hospital Herrera Llerandi, Guatemala City, Guatemala
| | - Jacks Jorge
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Area of Pathology, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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