Zdolsek M, Hahn RG. Kinetics of 5% and 20% albumin: A controlled crossover trial in volunteers.
Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2022;
66:847-858. [PMID:
35491239 PMCID:
PMC9541965 DOI:
10.1111/aas.14074]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background
Albumin for intravenous infusion is marketed in two concentrations, 20% and 5%, but how they compare with regard to plasma volume expansion over time is unclear.
Methods
In a prospective crossover study, 12 volunteers received 3 ml kg−1 of 20% albumin and, on another occasion, 12 ml kg−1 of 5% albumin over 30 min. Hence, equivalent amounts of albumin were given. Blood was collected on 15 occasions over 6 h. Mass balance and volume kinetics were used to estimate the plasma volume expansion and the capillary leakage of albumin and fluid based on measurements of blood hemoglobin, plasma albumin, and the colloid osmotic pressure.
Results
The greatest plasma volume expansion was 16.0 ± 6.4% (mean ± SD) with 20% albumin and 19.0 ± 5.2% with 5% albumin (p < .03). The volume expansion with 20% albumin corresponded to twice the infused volume. One third of the 5% albumin volume quickly leaked out of the plasma, probably because of the higher colloid osmotic pressure of the volunteer plasma (mean, 24.5 mmHg) than the albumin solution (19.1 mmHg). At 6 h, the capillary leakage amounted to 42 ± 15% and 47 ± 11% of the administered albumin with the 20% and 5% preparations, respectively (p = .28). The corresponding urine outputs were 547 (316–780) ml and 687 (626–1080) ml (median and interquartile range; p = .24).
Conclusion
The most important difference between the fluids was a dehydrating effect of 20% albumin when the same albumin mass was administered.
Collapse