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Singh SP, Duseja A, Mahtab MA, Anirvan P, Acharya SK, Akbar SMF, Butt AS, Dassanayake A, De A, Dhakal G, Hamid S, Madan K, Panigrahi MK, Rao P, Saigal S, Satapathy SK, Shalimar, Shrestha A, Shukla A, Sudhamshu K, Wijewantha H. INASL-SAASL Consensus Statements on NAFLD Name Change to MAFLD. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2023; 13:518-522. [PMID: 37250868 PMCID: PMC10213851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2022.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an ongoing debate on the change of terminology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Experts from the Indian National Association for Study of the Liver (INASL) and the South Asian Association for Study of the Liver (SAASL) involved in diagnosing, managing, and preventing NAFLD met in March 2022 to deliberate if the name change from NAFLD to MAFLD is appropriate, as proposed by a group of experts who published a "consensus" statement in 2020. Proponents of name change to MAFLD opined that NAFLD does not reflect current knowledge, and the term MAFLD was suggested as a more appropriate overarching term. However, this "consensus" group which proposed the name change to MAFLD did not represent the views and opinions of gastroenterologists and hepatologists, as well as perceptions of patients across the globe, given the fact that change of nomenclature for any disease entity is bound to have multidimensional impact on all aspects of patient care. This statement is the culmination of the participants' combined efforts who presented recommendations on specific issues concerning the proposed name change. The recommendations were then circulated to all the core group members and updated based on a systematic literature search. Finally, all the members voted on them using the nominal voting technique as per the standard guidelines. The quality of evidence was adapted from the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajay Duseja
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - Mamun al Mahtab
- Department of Interventional Hepatology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Prajna Anirvan
- Kalinga Gastroenterology Foundation, Cuttack 753001, Odisha, India
| | - Subrat K. Acharya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, KIIT University, Patia, Bhubaneshwar 751024, Odisha, India
| | - Sheikh Mohammad Fazle Akbar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Metabology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Amna S. Butt
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Anuradha Dassanayake
- Colombo North Centre for Liver Disease, Faculty of Medicine/University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Arka De
- Department of Hepatology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh 160012, India
| | - G.P. Dhakal
- Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Khesar Gyalpo University of Medical Sciences of Bhutan (KGUMSB), Thimphu, Bhutan
| | - Saeed Hamid
- Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kaushal Madan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Max Smart Super Specialty Hospital, Saket, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Manas K. Panigrahi
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, 751019, India
| | - P.N. Rao
- Department of Hepatology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, 500082, India
| | - Sanjiv Saigal
- Department of Hepatology, Medanta Hospital, Gurugram, 122001, India
| | - Sanjaya K. Satapathy
- Sandra Atlas Bass Center for Liver Diseases & Transplantation, Department of Medicine, North Shore University Hospital/Northwell Health, 400 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | | | - Akash Shukla
- Department of Gastroenterology, Seth GSMC & KEM Hospital, Mumbai, 400022, India
| | - K.C. Sudhamshu
- Liver Unit, Department of Medicine, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Hasitha Wijewantha
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Provincial General Hospital, Badulla, Sri Lanka
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Koike S, Yamaguchi S, Ohta K, Ojio Y, Watanabe KI, Ando S. Mental-health-related stigma among Japanese children and their parents and impact of renaming of schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2017; 71:170-179. [PMID: 27470981 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM Mental-health-related stigma affects help-seeking behavior and service utilization among young people. Whether mental-health-related stigma is different or correlated between parents and their children is unknown. It is also unknown whether the name change of schizophrenia in 2002 has had long-term effects on reducing stigma for adults in the general population. METHODS We recruited 143 parent-child pairs (mean ages [SD]: 51.5 [3.6] and 21.2 [1.2] years, respectively) to complete self-report questionnaires regarding mental-health-related stigma and experience. We also assessed negative stereotypes for three psychiatric disease names (old and new names of schizophrenia, and depression), and for diabetes mellitus as a physical illness comparison. The questionnaires also asked respondents to identify the old and new names of schizophrenia and dementia, respectively, among 10 names for mental and physical illnesses and conditions. RESULTS Parents showed lower stigma levels toward mental illness and diabetes mellitus, but similar or greater stigma levels toward schizophrenia, compared with their children. Stigma levels toward mental illness in parents and their children were significantly correlated. The rate of correct identification of the old and new names for schizophrenia was higher in parents than in their children (64.7% vs 41.4%, P < 0.001). Parents who responded correctly endorsed more negative stereotypes toward the new name of schizophrenia compared with those who responded incorrectly (P = 0.049). CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that stigma toward mental illness is shared between family members, and the name change of schizophrenia has effectively reduced stigma levels toward this disorder in adults of various ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Koike
- Office for Mental Health Support, Division for Counseling and Support, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Center for Evolutionary Cognitive Sciences, Graduate School of Art and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sosei Yamaguchi
- Department of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazusa Ohta
- University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity & Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Ojio
- Department of Physical and Health Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Watanabe
- Office for Mental Health Support, Division for Counseling and Support, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
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McTaggart AR, Shivas RG, Boekhout T, Oberwinkler F, Vánky K, Pennycook SR, Begerow D. Mycosarcoma ( Ustilaginaceae), a resurrected generic name for corn smut ( Ustilago maydis) and its close relatives with hypertrophied, tubular sori. IMA Fungus 2016; 7:309-315. [PMID: 27990337 PMCID: PMC5159601 DOI: 10.5598/imafungus.2016.07.02.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ustilago is a polyphyletic genus of smut fungi found mainly on Poaceae. The development of a taxonomy that reflects phylogeny requires subdivision of Ustilago into smaller monophyletic genera. Several separate systematic analyses have determined that Macalpinomyces mackinlayi, M. tubiformis, Tolyposporella pachycarpa, Ustilago bouriquetii and U. maydis, occupy a unique phylogenetic position within the Ustilaginaceae. A previously introduced monotypic generic name typified by U. maydis, Mycosarcoma, is available to accommodate these species, which resolves one component of polyphyly for Ustilagos.lat. in Ustilaginaceae. An emended description of Mycosarcoma is provided to reflect the morphological synapomorphies of this monophyletic group. A specimen of Ustilago maydis that has had its genome sequenced is designated as a neotype for this species. Taxonomic stability will further be provided by a forthcoming proposal to conserve the name Uredo maydis over Lycoperdon zeae, which has priority by date, in order to preserve the well-known epithet maydis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alistair R McTaggart
- Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme (TPCP), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Private Bag X20, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa; Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, LPO Box 5012, Bruce 2617, Australia
| | - Roger G Shivas
- Plant Pathology Herbarium, Biosecurity Queensland, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, GPO Box 267, Brisbane 4001, Queensland, Australia
| | - Teun Boekhout
- CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity (CBS-KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands; Institute of Biodiversity and Ecosystems Dynamics (IBED), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
| | - Franz Oberwinkler
- Eberhard-Karls Universität, Auf der Morgenstelle 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kálmán Vánky
- Herbarium Ustilaginales Vánky (HUV), Gabriel-Biel-Str. 5, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shaun R Pennycook
- Landcare Research Manaaki Whenua, Private Bag 92170, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Dominik Begerow
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Geobotanik, ND 03/174, Universitätsstr. 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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Shimoda S, Tanaka A. It is time to change primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC): New nomenclature from "cirrhosis" to "cholangitis", and upcoming treatment based on unveiling pathology. Hepatol Res 2016; 46:407-15. [PMID: 26518139 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic, organ-specific, autoimmune liver disease characterized by progressive cholestasis, eventually leading to cirrhosis. Several lines of evidence have revealed a crucial role of adaptive as well as innate immune responses in the etiopathogenesis of PBC, and more recently, the biology of bile duct cells and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) demonstrated several key molecules and pathways in this enigmatic disease. Although ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) has been the only approved drug for PBC with clinical evidences for improvement of long-term outcomes, a substantial population have suboptimal responses to UDCA, resulting in unfavorable outcomes. In this regard, second-line treatment for patients refractory to UDCA is strongly awaited. In Japan, bezafibrate (BF) has been frequently used for this purpose, yet recent clinical trials failed to clearly demonstrate clinical efficacy of BF. Novel pharmacotherapies targeted to key molecules and pathways in PBC are upcoming. Finally, we sincerely call on all members of the Japan Society of Hepatology to use from this moment on the name "primary biliary cholangitis" for the disease known by its abbreviation PBC, in keeping with a very recent global agreement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinji Shimoda
- Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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