Usefulness of a 4-Grade Novel Mouthpiece Device for Increased Mouth Pressure Reproducing Artificial Difficulty in Breathing.
Kurume Med J 2023;
68:229-238. [PMID:
37316289 DOI:
10.2739/kurumemedj.ms6834008]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
The use of a novel 4-grade mouthpiece device to reproduce difficulty in breathing was assessed in healthy individuals.
METHODS
A double-blind, randomized, crossover-controlled trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy and safety of the device with increasing mouth pressure. The modified Borg (mBorg) scale values, respiratory system resistance at 5 Hz (R5), and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) were assessed while using the device.
MATERIALS
The four grades of breathing difficulty device were tested in 32 healthy participants.
RESULTS
The 4-grade device linearly worsened the mBorg scale with increasing mouth pressure. The mean R5 (± standard deviation [SD]) with grade I, II, III, and IV devices were 5.6 ± 0.1, 10.3 ± 0.3, 21.5 ± 0.7, and 54.8 ± 2.0 kPa/L/s, respectively. The mean %FEV1 predicted (± SD) were 83.6 ± 15.9% with grade I, 55.3 ± 11.8% with grade II, 32.0 ± 6.1% with grade III, and 15.3 ± 3.2% with the grade IV device. The mBorg scale was positively correlated with R5 (r = 0.79, p < 0.0001) and negatively with %FEV1 predicted (r = -0.81, p < 0.0001). No severe adverse events were reported during the trial.
CONCLUSION
We demonstrated that the novel device could effectively reproduce the semi-quantitative artificial difficulty in breathing safely and easily in healthy individuals. These devices could be helpful to understand the mechanisms of difficulty in breathing.
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