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Farraye BT, Simon JE, Chaput M, Kim H, Monfort SM, Grooms DR. Development and Reliability of a Visual-Cognitive Reactive Triple Hop Test. J Sport Rehabil 2023; 32:802-809. [PMID: 37328155 PMCID: PMC10883464 DOI: 10.1123/jsr.2022-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Current lower-extremity return to sport testing primarily considers the physical status of an athlete; however, sport participation requires continuous cognitive dual-task engagement. Therefore, the purpose was to develop and evaluate the reliability of a visual-cognitive reactive (VCR) triple hop test that simulates the typical sport demand of combined online visual-cognitive processing and neuromuscular control to improve return to sport testing after lower-extremity injury. DESIGN Test-retest reliability. METHODS Twenty-one healthy college students (11 females, 23.5 [3.7] y, 1.73 [0.12] m, 73.0 [16.8] kg, Tegner Activity Scale 5.5 [1.1] points) participated. Participants performed a single-leg triple hop with and without a VCR dual task. The VCR task incorporated the FitLight system to challenge peripheral response inhibition and central working memory. Maximum hop distance, reaction time, cognitive errors, and physical errors were measured. Two identical testing visits were separated by 12 to 17 days (14 [1] d). RESULTS Traditional triple hop (intraclass correlation coefficients: ICC(3,1) = .96 [.91-.99]; standard error of the measurement = 16.99 cm) and the VCR triple hop (intraclass correlation coefficients(3,1) = .92 [.82-.97]; standard error of the measurement = 24.10 cm) both demonstrated excellent reliability for the maximum hop distance, and moderate reliability for the VCR triple hop reaction time (intraclass correlation coefficients(3,1) = .62 [.09-.84]; standard error of the measurement = 0.09 s). On average, the VCR triple hop resulted in a hop distance deficit of 8.17% (36.4 [5.1] cm; P < .05, d = 0.55) relative to the traditional triple hop. CONCLUSIONS Hop distance on the VCR triple hop had excellent test-retest reliability and induced a significant physical performance deficit when compared with the traditional triple hop assessment. The VCR triple hop reaction time also demonstrated moderate reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byrnadeen T Farraye
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
| | - Janet E Simon
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
- Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
| | - Meredith Chaput
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
| | - HoWon Kim
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
| | - Scott M Monfort
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT,USA
| | - Dustin R Grooms
- Division of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation and Communication Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
- Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
- Division of Athletic Training, School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness, College of Health Sciences and Professions, Ohio University, Athens, OH,USA
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