Kim HS, Jang W, Im YG, Lim HP. Antibacterial Effect of Zirconia Nanoparticles on Polyethyl Methacrylate Resin for
Provisional Crowns.
Int J Nanomedicine 2022;
17:6551-6560. [PMID:
36575697 PMCID:
PMC9790159 DOI:
10.2147/ijn.s382053]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
Mid-to-long term use of provisional crowns in the oral cavity is associated with bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation, thus necessitating provisional crowns exhibiting antibacterial properties to prevent the occurrence of gingivitis and periodontal disease. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of zirconia nanoparticle-containing polyethyl methacrylate (PEMA) resin for provisional restorations.
Methods
Zirconia nanoparticles were added to the monomer of PEMA resin for provisional restorations, and the mixture was stirred for 2 h using a magnetic stirrer. Disk-shaped specimens were prepared by mixing the polymer with the nanoparticle solution. The control group contained pure PEMA resin samples, and the experimental groups Group Z2, Group Z4, and Group Z8 included PEMA resin specimens containing 2, 4, and 8% w/v zirconia nanoparticles, respectively. After analyzing the sample surfaces, the antibacterial effect of the specimens was evaluated using Streptococcus mutans. Statistical analysis was performed using Tukey's test and Mann-Whitney U-test, according to the normality result in the Shapiro-Wilk test.
Results
FE-SEM and EDX analyses revealed the successful addition of zirconia nanoparticles. Results showed no significant difference in the measured values for surface roughness and contact angle between the experimental and control groups; however, adhesion and biofilm thickness of S. mutans were significantly decreased in Group Z2, Group Z4, and Group Z8 compared to the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.01, respectively).
Conclusion
The addition of zirconia nanoparticles can lower the incidence of adhesion and biofilm thickness of S. mutans on PEMA resin used for provisional crowns. Thus, incorporating zirconia nanoparticles in repair materials for provisional crowns and PEMA resin can produce an antibacterial effect and prevent gingivitis, periodontal disease, and dental caries.
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