1
|
Rao R, Farraha M, Logan GJ, Igoor S, Kok CY, Chong JJH, Alexander IE, Kizana E. Performance of Cardiotropic rAAV Vectors Is Dependent on Production Method. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081623. [PMID: 35893689 PMCID: PMC9341392 DOI: 10.3390/v14081623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy is making significant impact on a modest, yet growing, number of human diseases. Justifiably, the preferred viral vector for clinical use is that based on recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV). There is a need to scale up rAAV vector production with the transition from pre-clinical models to human application. Standard production methods based on the adherent cell type (HEK293) are limited in scalability and other methods, such as those based on the baculovirus and non-adherent insect cell (Sf9) system, have been pursued as an alternative to increase rAAV production. In this study, we compare these two production methods for cardiotropic rAAVs. Transduction efficiency for both production methods was assessed in primary cardiomyocytes, human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs), and in mice following systemic delivery. We found that the rAAV produced by the traditional HEK293 method out-performed vector produced using the baculovirus/Sf9 system in vitro and in vivo. This finding provides a potential caveat for vector function when using the baculovirus/Sf9 production system and underscores the need for thorough assessment of vector performance when using diverse rAAV production methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Rao
- Centre for Heart Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (M.F.); (S.I.); (C.Y.K.); (J.J.H.C.)
| | - Melad Farraha
- Centre for Heart Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (M.F.); (S.I.); (C.Y.K.); (J.J.H.C.)
| | - Grant J. Logan
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia;
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children′s Medical Research Institute and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead 2145, Australia;
| | - Sindhu Igoor
- Centre for Heart Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (M.F.); (S.I.); (C.Y.K.); (J.J.H.C.)
| | - Cindy Y. Kok
- Centre for Heart Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (M.F.); (S.I.); (C.Y.K.); (J.J.H.C.)
| | - James J. H. Chong
- Centre for Heart Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (M.F.); (S.I.); (C.Y.K.); (J.J.H.C.)
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia;
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead 2145, Australia
| | - Ian E. Alexander
- Gene Therapy Research Unit, Children′s Medical Research Institute and Sydney Children’s Hospitals Network, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead 2145, Australia;
- Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia
| | - Eddy Kizana
- Centre for Heart Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead 2145, Australia; (R.R.); (M.F.); (S.I.); (C.Y.K.); (J.J.H.C.)
- Sydney Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006, Australia;
- Department of Cardiology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead 2145, Australia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang D, Zhou Q, Qiu X, Liu X, Zhang C. Optimizing rAAV6 transduction of primary T cells for the generation of anti-CD19 AAV-CAR-T cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 150:113027. [PMID: 35658223 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombinant Adeno-associated virus(rAAV) is currently the most widely used gene delivery vector and has been successfully used in various disease models, benefiting from its low immunogenicity, almost no toxicity, and no reported pathogenicity in humans. However, its low transduction efficiency for primary cells, especially for T lymphocytes, limits its further application in the field of cell therapy. In this study, we optimized the protocol for rAAV6 transduction of primary T cells, significantly improved the expression efficiency of the rAAV6 delivered CAR gene, and successfully generated rAAV6-based CAR-T cells (AAV-CAR-T). The gene expression intensity (mean fluorescence intensity, MFI) of rAAV6 transduced T cells treated with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Genistein, was increased 1-3-fold. Moreover, our results showed that rAAV6 efficiently transduced T cells stimulated with OKT3 and the gene expression could be enhanced 3-fold with an OKT3 concentration of 50 ng/mL in the medium. The gene expression intensity of T cells treated with OKT3 together with genistein could be augmented by 7-fold. Based on the above-optimized method, CAR-T cells prepared with rAAV6 showed evident anti-tumor ability both in vitro and in vivo. Our findings established an efficient method for the AAV transduction of T cells and would provide an alternative way for the preparation of CAR-T cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongxin Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Qungang Zhou
- Suzhou Red Cross Blood Center, NO. 355 Shizi Road, Gusu District, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- Suzhou Red Cross Blood Center, NO. 355 Shizi Road, Gusu District, Suzhou 215163, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China.
| | - Chun Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering (Suzhou), Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China; Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou 215163, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jacob A, Brun L, Jiménez Gil P, Ménard L, Bouzelha M, Broucque F, Roblin A, Vandenberghe LH, Adjali O, Robin C, François A, Blouin V, Penaud-Budloo M, Ayuso E. Homologous Recombination Offers Advantages over Transposition-Based Systems to Generate Recombinant Baculovirus for Adeno-Associated Viral Vector Production. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000014. [PMID: 33067902 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Viral vectors have a great potential for gene delivery, but manufacturing is a big challenge for the industry. The baculovirus-insect cell is one of the most scalable platforms to produce recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors. The standard procedure to generate recombinant baculovirus is based on Tn7 transposition which is time-consuming and suffers technical constraints. Moreover, baculoviral sequences adjacent to the AAV ITRs are preferentially encapsidated into the rAAV vector particles. This observation raises concerns about safety due to the presence of bacterial and antibiotic resistance coding sequences with a Tn7-mediated system for the construction of baculoviruses reagents. Here, a faster and safer method based on homologous recombination (HR) is investigated. First, the functionality of the inserted cassette and the absence of undesirable genes into HR-derived baculoviral genomes are confirmed. Strikingly, it is found that the exogenous cassette showed increased stability over passages when using the HR system. Finally, both materials generated high rAAV vector genome titers, with the advantage of the HR system being exempted from undesirable bacterial genes which provides an additional level of safety for its manufacturing. Overall, this study highlights the importance of the upstream process and starting biologic materials to generate safer rAAV biotherapeutic products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Jacob
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Laurie Brun
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | | | - Lucie Ménard
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Mohammed Bouzelha
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Frédéric Broucque
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Aline Roblin
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Luk H Vandenberghe
- Ocular Genomics Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Grousbeck Gene Therapy Center, Mass Eye and Ear, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Oumeya Adjali
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Cécile Robin
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Achille François
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | - Véronique Blouin
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| | | | - Eduard Ayuso
- CHU Nantes, INSERM UMR1089, University of Nantes, Nantes, 44200, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Urich J, Cucchiarini M, Rey-Rico A. Therapeutic Delivery of rAAV sox9 via Polymeric Micelles Counteracts the Effects of Osteoarthritis-Associated Inflammatory Cytokines in Human Articular Chondrocytes. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:E1238. [PMID: 32630578 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent joint disease linked to the irreversible degradation of key extracellular cartilage matrix (ECM) components (proteoglycans, type-II collagen) by proteolytic enzymes due to an impaired tissue homeostasis, with the critical involvement of OA-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1 beta, i.e., IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, i.e., TNF-α). Gene therapy provides effective means to re-establish such degraded ECM compounds by rejuvenating the altered OA phenotype of the articular chondrocytes, the unique cell population ubiquitous in the articular cartilage. In particular, overexpression of the highly specialized SOX9 transcription factor via recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors has been reported for its ability to readjust the metabolic balance in OA, in particular via controlled rAAV delivery using polymeric micelles as carriers to prevent a possible vector neutralization by antibodies present in the joints of patients. As little is known on the challenging effects of such naturally occurring OA-associated pro-inflammatory cytokines on such rAAV/polymeric gene transfer, we explored the capacity of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and polypropylene oxide (PPO)-based polymeric micelles to deliver a candidate rAAV-FLAG-hsox9 construct in human OA chondrocytes in the presence of IL-1β and TNF-α. We report that effective, micelle-guided rAAV sox9 overexpression enhanced the deposition of ECM components and the levels of cell survival, while advantageously reversing the deleterious effects afforded by the OA cytokines on these processes. These findings highlight the potentiality of polymeric micelles as effective rAAV controlled delivery systems to counterbalance the specific contribution of major OA-associated inflammatory cytokines, supporting the concept of using such systems for the treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases like OA.
Collapse
|
5
|
Meng W, Rey-Rico A, Claudel M, Schmitt G, Speicher-Mentges S, Pons F, Lebeau L, Venkatesan JK, Cucchiarini M. rAAV-Mediated Overexpression of SOX9 and TGF-β via Carbon Dot-Guided Vector Delivery Enhances the Biological Activities in Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10050855. [PMID: 32354138 PMCID: PMC7712756 DOI: 10.3390/nano10050855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Scaffold-assisted gene therapy is a highly promising tool to treat articular cartilage lesions upon direct delivery of chondrogenic candidate sequences. The goal of this study was to examine the feasibility and benefits of providing highly chondroreparative agents, the cartilage-specific sex-determining region Y-type high-mobility group 9 (SOX9) transcription factor or the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) via clinically adapted, independent recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors formulated with carbon dots (CDs), a novel class of carbon-dominated nanomaterials. Effective complexation and release of a reporter rAAV-lacZ vector was achieved using four different CDs elaborated from 1-citric acid and pentaethylenehexamine (CD-1); 2-citric acid, poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (MW 550 Da), and N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (CD-2); 3-citric acid, branched poly(ethylenimine) (MW 600 Da), and poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether (MW 2 kDa) (CD-3); and 4-citric acid and branched poly(ethylenimine) (MW 600 Da) (CD-4), allowing for the genetic modification of hMSCs. Among the nanoparticles, CD-2 showed an optimal ability for rAAV delivery (up to 2.2-fold increase in lacZ expression relative to free vector treatment with 100% cell viability for at least 10 days, the longest time point examined). Administration of therapeutic (SOX9, TGF-β) rAAV vectors in hMSCs via CD-2 led to the effective overexpression of each independent transgene, promoting enhanced cell proliferation (TGF-β) and cartilage matrix deposition (glycosaminoglycans, type-II collagen) for at least 21 days relative to control treatments (CD-2 lacking rAAV or associated to rAAV-lacZ), while advantageously restricting undesirable type-I and -X collagen deposition. These results reveal the potential of CD-guided rAAV gene administration in hMSCs as safe, non-invasive systems for translational strategies to enhance cartilage repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weikun Meng
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, ES-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mickaël Claudel
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 7199 CNRS—University of Strasbourg, F-67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Speicher-Mentges
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Françoise Pons
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 7199 CNRS—University of Strasbourg, F-67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Luc Lebeau
- Laboratoire de Conception et Application de Molécules Bioactives, Faculty of Pharmacy, UMR 7199 CNRS—University of Strasbourg, F-67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Jagadeesh K. Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, D-66421 Homburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6841-1624-987; Fax: +49-6841-1624-988
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Alvarez-Rivera F, Rey-Rico A, Venkatesan JK, Diaz-Gomez L, Cucchiarini M, Concheiro A, Alvarez-Lorenzo C. Controlled Release of rAAV Vectors from APMA-Functionalized Contact Lenses for Corneal Gene Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040335. [PMID: 32283694 PMCID: PMC7238179 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As an alternative to eye drops and ocular injections for gene therapy, the aim of this work was to design for the first time hydrogel contact lenses that can act as platforms for the controlled delivery of viral vectors (recombinant adeno-associated virus, rAAV) to the eye in an effective way with improved patient compliance. Hydrogels of hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) with aminopropyl methacrylamide (APMA) (H1: 40, and H2: 80 mM) or without (Hc: 0 mM) were synthesized, sterilized by steam heat (121 °C, 20 min), and then tested for gene therapy using rAAV vectors to deliver the genes to the cornea. The hydrogels showed adequate light transparency, oxygen permeability, and swelling for use as contact lenses. Loading of viral vectors (rAAV-lacZ, rAAV-RFP, or rAAV-hIGF-I) was carried out at 4 °C to maintain viral vector titer. Release in culture medium was monitored by fluorescence with Cy3-rAAV-lacZ and AAV Titration ELISA. Transduction efficacy was tested through reporter genes lacZ and RFP in human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). lacZ was detected with X-Gal staining and quantified with Beta-Glo®, and RFP was monitored by fluorescence. The ability of rAAV-hIGF-I-loaded hydrogels to trigger cell proliferation in hMSCs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Finally, the ability of rAAV-lacZ-loaded hydrogels to transduce bovine cornea was confirmed through detection with X-Gal staining of β-galactosidase expressed within the tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Alvarez-Rivera
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma, Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (F.A.-R.); (L.D.-G.); (A.C.)
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain;
| | - Jagadeesh K Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (J.K.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma, Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (F.A.-R.); (L.D.-G.); (A.C.)
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, 66421 Homburg, Germany; (J.K.V.); (M.C.)
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma, Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (F.A.-R.); (L.D.-G.); (A.C.)
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+DFarma, Facultad de Farmacia and Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (F.A.-R.); (L.D.-G.); (A.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-881815239
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Morscheid S, Venkatesan JK, Rey-Rico A, Schmitt G, Cucchiarini M. Remodeling of Human Osteochondral Defects via rAAV-Mediated Co-Overexpression of TGF-β and IGF-I from Implanted Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. J Clin Med 2019; 8:E1326. [PMID: 31466339 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of chondrogenic gene sequences to human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) is an attractive strategy to activate the reparative activities of these cells as a means to enhance the processes of cartilage repair using indirect cell transplantation procedures that may improve the repopulation of cartilage lesions. In the present study, we examined the feasibility of co-delivering the highly competent transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) with the insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in hMSCs via recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-mediated gene transfer prior to implantation in a human model of osteochondral defect (OCD) ex vivo that provides a microenvironment similar to that of focal cartilage lesions. The successful co-overexpression of rAAV TGF-β/IGF-I in implanted hMSCs promoted the durable remodeling of tissue injury in human OCDs over a prolonged period of time (21 days) relative to individual gene transfer and the control (reporter lacZ gene) treatment, with enhanced levels of cell proliferation and matrix deposition (proteoglycans, type-II collagen) both in the lesions and at a distance, while hypertrophic, osteogenic, and catabolic processes could be advantageously delayed. These findings demonstrate the value of indirect, progenitor cell-based combined rAAV gene therapy to treat human focal cartilage defects in a natural environment as a basis for future clinical applications.
Collapse
|
8
|
Morscheid S, Rey-Rico A, Schmitt G, Madry H, Cucchiarini M, Venkatesan JK. Therapeutic Effects of rAAV-Mediated Concomittant Gene Transfer and Overexpression of TGF-β and IGF-I on the Chondrogenesis of Human Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2591. [PMID: 31137788 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of chondroreparative gene vectors in cartilage defects is a powerful approach to directly stimulate the regenerative activities of bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that repopulate such lesions. Here, we investigated the ability of combined recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector-mediated delivery of the potent transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) to enhance the processes of chondrogenic differentiation in human MSCs (hMSCs) relative to individual candidate treatments and to reporter (lacZ) gene condition. The rAAV-hTGF-β and rAAV-hIGF-I vectors were simultaneously provided to hMSC aggregate cultures (TGF-β/IGF-I condition) in chondrogenic medium over time (21 days) versus TGF-β/lacZ, IGF-I/lacZ, and lacZ treatments at equivalent vector doses. The cultures were then processed to monitor transgene (co)-overexpression, the levels of biological activities in the cells (cell proliferation, matrix synthesis), and the development of a chondrogenic versus osteogenic/hypertrophic phenotype. Effective, durable co-overexpression of TGF-β with IGF-I via rAAV enhanced the proliferative, anabolic, and chondrogenic activities in hMSCs versus lacZ treatment and reached levels that were higher than those achieved upon single candidate gene transfer, while osteogenic/hypertrophic differentiation was delayed over the period of time evaluated. These findings demonstrate the potential of manipulating multiple therapeutic rAAV vectors as a tool to directly target bone-marrow-derived MSCs in sites of focal cartilage defects and to locally enhance the endogenous processes of cartilage repair.
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
Gene therapy holds promise for treating previously untreatable retinal disorders. The most promising approaches use gene transfer vectors derived from adeno-associated virus (AAV) to supplement a gene function in the affected cell type. One example is gene therapy for achromatopsia which affects daylight vision. In this case, recombinant AAV (rAAV) vectors are being developed to specifically target cone photoreceptors. Development of rAAV vectors could be facilitated by the use of in vitro models. In this chapter we provide a protocol which utilizes mouse 661W cells, an in vitro model of cone photoreceptors for evaluation of the transduction efficacy of rAAV vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johanna E Wagner
- Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CiPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Schön
- Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CiPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Elvir Becirovic
- Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CiPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CiPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Stylianos Michalakis
- Department of Pharmacy-Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CiPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Schön C, Becirovic E, Biel M, Michalakis S. Design and Development of AAV-based Gene Supplementation Therapies for Achromatopsia and Retinitis Pigmentosa. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1715:33-46. [PMID: 29188504 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7522-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Achromatopsia (ACHM) and retinitis pigmentosa (RP) are inherited disorders caused by mutations in cone and rod photoreceptor-specific genes, respectively. ACHM strongly impairs daylight vision, whereas RP initially affects night vision and daylight vision at later stages. Currently, gene supplementation therapies utilizing recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors are being developed for various forms of ACHM and RP. In this chapter, we describe the procedure of designing and developing specific and efficient rAAV vectors for cone- and rod-specific gene supplementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Schön
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CiPSM, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Elvir Becirovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CiPSM, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Biel
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CiPSM, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Stylianos Michalakis
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich CiPSM, Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Munich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Frisch J, Orth P, Rey-Rico A, Venkatesan JK, Schmitt G, Madry H, Kohn D, Cucchiarini M. Peripheral blood aspirates overexpressing IGF-I via rAAV gene transfer undergo enhanced chondrogenic differentiation processes. J Cell Mol Med 2017; 21:2748-2758. [PMID: 28467017 PMCID: PMC5661259 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Implantation of peripheral blood aspirates induced towards chondrogenic differentiation upon genetic modification in sites of articular cartilage injury may represent a powerful strategy to enhance cartilage repair. Such a single‐step approach may be less invasive than procedures based on the use of isolated or concentrated MSCs, simplifying translational protocols in patients. In this study, we provide evidence showing the feasibility of overexpressing the mitogenic and pro‐anabolic insulin‐like growth factor I (IGF‐I) in human peripheral blood aspirates via rAAV‐mediated gene transfer, leading to enhanced proliferative and chondrogenic differentiation (proteoglycans, type‐II collagen, SOX9) activities in the samples relative to control (reporter rAAV‐lacZ) treatment over extended periods of time (at least 21 days, the longest time‐point evaluated). Interestingly, IGF‐I gene transfer also triggered hypertrophic, osteo‐ and adipogenic differentiation processes in the aspirates, suggesting that careful regulation of IGF‐I expression may be necessary to contain these events in vivo. Still, the current results demonstrate the potential of targeting human peripheral blood aspirates via therapeutic rAAV transduction as a novel, convenient tool to treat articular cartilage injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Frisch
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Patrick Orth
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany.,Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Dieter Kohn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Musculoskeletal tissues are diverse and significantly different in their ability to repair upon injury. Current treatments often fail to reproduce the natural functions of the native tissue, leading to an imperfect healing. Gene therapy might improve the repair of tissues by providing a temporarily and spatially defined expression of the therapeutic gene(s) at the site of the injury. Several gene transfer vehicles have been developed to modify various human cells and tissues from musculoskeletal system among which the non-pathogenic, effective, and relatively safe recombinant adeno-associated viral (rAAV) vectors that have emerged as the preferred gene delivery system to treat human disorders. Adapting tissue engineering platforms to gene transfer approaches mediated by rAAV vectors is an attractive tool to circumvent both the limitations of the current therapeutic options to promote an effective healing of the tissue and the natural obstacles from these clinically adapted vectors to achieve an efficient and durable gene expression of the therapeutic sequences within the lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Rey-Rico
- a Center of Experimental Orthopaedics , Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg/Saar , Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- a Center of Experimental Orthopaedics , Saarland University Medical Center , Homburg/Saar , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Frisch J, Orth P, Venkatesan JK, Rey‐Rico A, Schmitt G, Kohn D, Madry H, Cucchiarini M. Genetic Modification of Human Peripheral Blood Aspirates Using Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors for Articular Cartilage Repair with a Focus on Chondrogenic Transforming Growth Factor-β Gene Delivery. Stem Cells Transl Med 2016; 6:249-260. [PMID: 28170175 PMCID: PMC5442727 DOI: 10.5966/sctm.2016-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of genetically modified peripheral blood aspirates that carry chondrogenically competent progenitor cells may offer new, convenient tools to treat articular cartilage lesions compared with the more complex and invasive application of bone marrow concentrates or of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells. Here, we show that recombinant adeno‐associated viral (rAAV) vectors are powerful gene vehicles capable of successfully targeting primary human peripheral blood aspirates in a stable and safe manner, allowing for an efficient and long‐term transgene expression in such samples (up to 63 days with use of a lacZ reporter gene and for at least 21 days with application of the pleiotropic, chondrogenic factor transforming growth factor‐β [TGF‐β]). rAAV‐mediated overexpression of TGF‐β enhanced both the proliferative and metabolic properties of the peripheral blood aspirates, also increasing the chondrogenic differentiation processes in these samples. Hypertrophy and osteogenic differentiation events were also activated by production of TGF‐β via rAAV, suggesting that translation of the current approach in vivo will probably require close regulation of expression of this candidate gene. However, these results support the concept of directly modifying peripheral blood as a novel approach to conveniently treat articular cartilage lesions in patients. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:249–260
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Janina Frisch
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Patrick Orth
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Ana Rey‐Rico
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Gertrud Schmitt
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Dieter Kohn
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| |
Collapse
|