1
|
Olivieri M, Murgia N, Carsin AE, Heinrich J, Benke G, Bono R, Corsico AG, Demoly P, Forsberg B, Gislason T, Janson C, Jõgi R, Leynaert B, Martínez-Moratalla Rovira J, Norbäck D, Nowak D, Pascual S, Pin I, Probst-Hensch N, Raherison C, Sigsgaard T, Svanes C, Torén K, Urrutia I, Weyler J, Jarvis D, Zock JP, Verlato G. Effects of smoking bans on passive smoking exposure at work and at home. The European Community respiratory health survey. Indoor Air 2019; 29:670-679. [PMID: 30963644 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This longitudinal study investigated whether smoking bans influence passive smoking at work and/or at home in the same subjects. Passive smoking at work and/or at home was investigated in random population samples (European Community Respiratory Health Survey) in 1990-1995, with follow-up interviews in 1998-2003 and 2010-2014. National smoking bans were classified as partial (restricted to public workplaces) or global (extended to private workplaces). Multivariable analysis was accomplished by three-level logistic regression models, where level-1, level-2, and level-3 units were, respectively, questionnaire responses, subjects, and centers. Passive smoking at work was reported by 31.9% in 1990-1995, 17.5% in 1998-2003, and 2.5% in 2010-2014. Concurrently, passive smoking at home decreased from 28.9% to 18.2% and 8.8%. When controlling for sex, age, education, smoking status, and ECHRS wave, the odds of passive smoking at work was markedly reduced after global smoking bans (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.25-0.81), particularly among non-smokers, while the protective effect of global smoking bans on passive smoking at home was only detected in non-smokers. Smoking bans both in public and private workplaces were effective in reducing passive smoking at work in Europe. However, given the inefficacy of smoking bans in current smokers' dwellings, better strategies are needed to avoid smoking indoors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Olivieri
- Unit of Occupational Medicine, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Nicola Murgia
- Section of Occupational Medicine, Respiratory Diseases and Toxicology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Anne-Elie Carsin
- ISGlobal (Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona), Campus MAR, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joachim Heinrich
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Geza Benke
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Roberto Bono
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo Guido Corsico
- Division of Respiratory Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pascal Demoly
- Départment Pneumologie et Addictologie, University Hospital of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Bertil Forsberg
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thorarinn Gislason
- Faculty of Medicine and Department of Sleep, Landspitali University Hospital, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Christer Janson
- Department of Medical Sciences/Respiratory, Allergy & Sleep Research, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rain Jõgi
- Lung Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Bénédicte Leynaert
- Inserm UMR 1152-Equipe Epidémiologie, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | | | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Sciences/Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, WHO Collaborating Centre for Occupational Health, Klinikum der Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Silvia Pascual
- Pulmonology Department, Galdakao Hospital, Biscay, Spain
| | - Isabelle Pin
- Department of Pédiatrie, CHU de Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Department Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Raherison
- INSERM U897, Institute of Public Health and Epidemiology, Bordeaux University, Bordeaux, France
| | - Torben Sigsgaard
- Department of Public Health, Section for Environment, Occupation and Health, Danish Ramazzini Center, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjell Torén
- Section of Occupational and environmental medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Isabel Urrutia
- Pulmonology Department, Galdakao Hospital, Biscay, Spain
| | - Joost Weyler
- Epidemiology and Social Medicine and the StatUA Statistics Centre, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Deborah Jarvis
- Respiratory Epidemiology, Occupational Medicine and Public Health, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Jan-Paul Zock
- ISGlobal (Instituto de Salud Global de Barcelona), Campus MAR, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Verlato
- Unit of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| |
Collapse
|