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Yang SW, Li MJ, Shang HP, Liu YH, Li XX, Jiang ZX, Chen GH, Zhang XM. Effect of sublethal Spirotetramat on host locating and parasitic behavior of Encarsia formosa Gahan. Pest Manag Sci 2022; 78:329-335. [PMID: 34523221 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of chemical insecticides to control Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is widespread, although it might exert a sublethal effect on its dominant parasitoid, Encarsia formosa Gahan (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). To investigate the sublethal effect of spirotetramat on E. formosa, we observed the ability of E. formosa to locate and handle the host, oviposit and preen after exposure to sublethal concentrations of spirotetramat. RESULTS After exposure to spirotetramat at LC50 , the response time of E. formosa to the volatile reached 223.40 s and was significantly prolonged. Only 56.44% of the wasps were attracted by the volatile and the insect crawled the slowest among all of the treatments. The averages of oviposition posture adopted and host handled by each E. formosa in 1 h decreased significantly to 1.79 and 1.27, respectively. At the sublethal concentration of LC10 , 94.59% of the wasps were attracted by the volatile and the insect crawled the fastest. The average of host handled by each E. formosa was 3.92, and the frequency of drumming while walking and drumming the host was 12.34 times per second and 12.30 times per second, respectively, demonstrating a significant acceleration in these abilities. CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that spirotetramat induced hormesis in E. formosa on exposure to its LC10 concentration and accelerated its host locating, host handling and frequency of antennae drumming. These findings could assist in balancing the chemical and biological control of B. tabaci and enhancing the efficacy of E. formosa as a biocontrol agent. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Wu Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Ming-Jiang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Hao-Pei Shang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu-Han Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xing-Xing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Zheng-Xiong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Guo-Hua Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Yusoff N, Abd Ghani I, Othman NW, Aizat WM, Hassan M. Toxicity and Sublethal Effect of Farnesyl Acetate on Diamondback Moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). Insects 2021; 12:109. [PMID: 33513706 PMCID: PMC7910910 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is the most important pest of cruciferous vegetables worldwide. In this study, we evaluated the properties of selected farnesyl derivative compounds against P. xylostella. The toxicity and sublethal concentration (LC50) of farnesyl acetate, farnesyl acetone, farnesyl bromide, farnesyl chloride, and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone were investigated for 96 h. The leaf-dip bioassays showed that farnesyl acetate had a high level of toxicity against P. xylostella compared to other tested farnesyl derivatives. The LC50 value was 56.41 mg/L on the second-instar larvae of P. xylostella. Then, the sublethal effects of farnesyl acetate on biological parameters of P. xylostella were assessed. Compared to the control group, the sublethal concentration of farnesyl acetate decreased pupation and emergence rates, pupal weight, fecundity, egg hatching rate, female ratio, and oviposition period. Furthermore, the developmental time of P. xylostella was extended after being exposed to farnesyl acetate. Moreover, the application of farnesyl acetate on P. xylostella induced morphogenetic abnormalities in larval-pupal intermediates, adults that emerged with twisted wings, or complete adults that could not emerge from the cocoon. These results suggested that farnesyl acetate was highly effective against P. xylostella. The sublethal concentration of farnesyl acetate could reduce the population of P. xylostella by increasing abnormal pupal and adults, and by delaying its development period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norazila Yusoff
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.Y.); (W.M.A.)
| | - Idris Abd Ghani
- Centre for Insect Systematics, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia; (I.A.G.); (N.W.O.)
| | - Nurul Wahida Othman
- Centre for Insect Systematics, Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia; (I.A.G.); (N.W.O.)
| | - Wan Mohd Aizat
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.Y.); (W.M.A.)
| | - Maizom Hassan
- Institute of Systems Biology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 UKM, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.Y.); (W.M.A.)
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Cao Y, Yang H, Li J, Wang C, Li C, Gao Y. Sublethal Effects of Imidacloprid on the Population Development of Western Flower Thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae). Insects 2019; 10:E3. [PMID: 30609643 DOI: 10.3390/insects10010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Western flower thrips (WFT, Frankliniella occidentalis) is a global polyphagous pest that is often dependent on chemical control. Imidacloprid has been a commonly used chemical insecticide for effective control of WFT. Low concentrations of insecticides can have sublethal effects on individual insects. However, no more information is known about the effects of exposure at low concentrations of imidacloprid on WFT. Here, we evaluated the effects of imidacloprid at sublethal concentrations on WFT population growth parameters. We first exposed the parental generation to LC10 (56.8 mg/L) and LC25 (79.2 mg/L) concentrations of imidacloprid. We then quantified various parameters related to the development, survival, and fecundity of the F1 generation also exposed to these same concentrations. The development time of the treatment groups exposed to imidacloprid was significantly shorter than the control group, and the net reproductive rate (R0) was significantly higher for treatment groups than for the control group. For both variables, there was no significant difference between LC10 and LC25 exposure. The generational survival rate was significantly higher for the control group, followed by the LC10 treatment group and then the LC25 treatment group. However, the opposite was true for fecundity and intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of WFT. In summary, exposure to low concentrations of imidacloprid was positive for the population development of WFT, which may contribute to the development of insecticide resistance and cause resurgence in WFT populations.
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Abstract
Mustard oil cake (MOC) is widely used as biofertilizer in the field of agriculture and aquaculture. Channa punctatus was exposed to 0.42 g.L-1 sublethal concentration for 4, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Due to such exposure, body growth and histological changes in liver were observed. It was revealed that weight, length and breadth of fish were gradually increased with the days of exposure in compare to control fish, whereas, liver showed an increase in sinusoidal space and lipidosis during early days, followed by a recovery from the stress of MOC on the 28th day.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nath
- a Government G. D. College , Singur , India
| | - V Matozzo
- b Department of Biology , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - D Bhandari
- c Bidhannagar CollegePost Graduate Department of Zoology , Kolkata , India
| | - C Faggio
- d Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences , University of Messina , Messina , Italy
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Ubani-Rex OA, Saliu JK, Bello TH. Biochemical Effects of the Toxic Interaction of Copper, Lead and Cadmium on Clarias gariepinus. J Health Pollut 2017; 7:38-48. [PMID: 30524839 PMCID: PMC6221451 DOI: 10.5696/2156-9614-7.16.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of heavy metals in the aquatic environment is a concern because of potential toxicity and threats to plant and animal life. OBJECTIVE The present study evaluated the joint action toxicity and biochemical effects of sublethal concentrations of copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) against Clarias gariepinus over a period of 28 days. METHODS We procured fingerlings (weight: 5-8 g; length: 4.5-6.0 cm) and juveniles (weight: 20-25 g; length: 14.5-17.5 cm) from a commercial fish farm in Bariga, Lagos state, Nigeria. Test toxicants were selected from the analyzed heavy metals in the field based on their deviation from World Health Organization, Federal Environmental Protection Agency and United States Environmental Protection Agency standards. Fish were randomly loaded into a 4-L glass aquaria for the bioassay per toxicant concentration of two replicates and untreated control (dechlorinated tap water). RESULTS The derived 96 hour lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of Cu (2.11 mg/L) was the most toxic followed by Cd (24.18 mg/L) and Pb (34.48 mg/L), which was the least toxic of the singly tested pollutants. The analysis of dose-response data of the joint action toxicity of Cu and Cd, and Cu and Pb determined 96 hour LC50 values of 1.804 mg/L and 2.15 mg/L, respectively. The interactions between the mixture of Cu:Cd conformed with the model of synergism (synergistic ratio (SR)>1 and relative toxic units (RTU)>1), while the interaction between Cu:Pb was found to be antagonistic (SR<1), with an SR value of 0.98. The biochemical effects study revealed that malondialdehyde (MDA) levels decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the exposed fish, reduced glutathione was not significant at (P<0.05), and levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glucose and cholesterol were significantly different (P<0.05). DISCUSSION The observed increased in the glutathione level in the Cu:Cd mixture and a corresponding decrease in MDA concentration in the liver of test animals revealed the ability of fish to overcome the effects of lipid peroxidation in this group because the Cu ion is displaced by Cd, and the fish were able to catalyze the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide via the Fenton reaction. CONCLUSIONS Further studies on the joint action toxicity of heavy metals are needed in order to further determine their concentration in the local environment. ETHICS APPROVAL Study protocols were approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the University of Lagos.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseph Kayode Saliu
- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Taiwo Hassan Bello
- Ecotoxicology Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
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Wang P, Zhou LL, Yang F, Li M, Liu XM, Wang Y, Lei CL, Si SY. Sublethal Effects of Thiamethoxam on the Demographic Parameters of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae). J Econ Entomol 2017; 110:1750-1754. [PMID: 28520891 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tox112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important sap-sucking pest of many crops, including Chinese cabbage, Brassinca oleracea L. The neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam has been used as an effective insecticide to control M. persicae in cabbage fields. In this study, we assessed the effects of sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam on demographic parameters of M. persicae. In leaf-dip bioassays, thiamethoxam showed a relatively high toxicity against M. persicae with an LC50 of 6.80 mg liter-1. The duration of the preadult stage was not significantly affected in the sublethal bioassay. Additionally, the longevity and adult preoviposition period were not significantly affected by sublethal thiamethoxam. However, sublethal thiamethoxam significantly increased fecundity (LC10) and prolonged the total preoviposition period (LC40). Consequently, the finite rate of increase (λ) and the intrinsic rate of increase (rm) of aphids exposed to the LC40 were significantly lower than those of control aphids, whereas the net reproductive rate (R0) was higher, and the generation time (T) and the population doubling time (DT) were longer in the treated group. Based on these results, hormesis was induced by sublethal thiamethoxam in M. persicae, with the population growth of M. persicae negatively affected at higher sublethal concentrations of thiamethoxam. Therefore, our study indicated that the possible effects of thiamethoxam on aphids require further study to develop optimized integrated pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
| | - Li-Lin Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
| | - Mang Li
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Ming Liu
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Liang Lei
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Yun Si
- Institute of Vegetable Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science and Technology, Wuhan 430345, P. R. China
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Tasaki J, Nakayama K, Shimizu I, Yamada H, Suzuki T, Nishiyama N, Yamane M. Cellular and molecular hypoxic response in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) exposed to linear alkylbenzene sulfonate at sublethal concentrations. Environ Toxicol 2017; 32:122-130. [PMID: 26589110 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) is an anionic surfactant commonly used in cleaning agents such as laundry detergents. Trace amounts of LAS are released into environmental waters after processing in wastewater treatment plants after the use of this chemical. Acute toxicity of LAS has been well-studied using various organisms, and its effects are particularly well known in fish. LAS damages fish gill morphology and induces mucous excretion from these organs. LAS also causes hematological changes. These observations suggest that LAS might induce hypoxic conditions in fish. However, the connections between hypoxia and hematological changes at the cellular and molecular levels remain unknown. Common carp were exposed to LAS at concentrations of 625, 1250, and 2500 μg/L for 96 h. A total of 9-10 fish were sampled at the end of the exposure period for each concentration. For hematological analysis, carp blood was sampled from the caudal vein. Gill tissue was used for real-time PCR analysis to evaluate transcriptional changes of hypoxia-induced genes. The number of normal red blood cells and the number of immature red blood cells were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in fish exposed to 2500 µg/L LAS. The hypoxic marker genes hypoxia inducible factor 1α, myoglobin 1, and erythropoietin 2 were upregulated in these fish. Our results suggest that LAS decreases erythrocyte numbers and induces hypoxic conditions. In addition, LAS-exposed fish increase production of immature erythrocytes and upregulate myoglobin expression in gills to improve oxygen transport and absorption. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 122-130, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Tasaki
- R&D Core Technology Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan
| | - Kei Nakayama
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-Cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Ichiyo Shimizu
- Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-Cho, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Yamada
- WDB Corporation, Yusen Building 2F, 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-Ku, Tokyo, 100-0005, Japan
| | - Takahiro Suzuki
- R&D Core Technology Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan
| | - Naohiro Nishiyama
- R&D Core Technology Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yamane
- R&D Core Technology Safety Science Research, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-Machi, Haga-Gun, Tochigi, 321-3497, Japan
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Yang GM, Zhi JR, Li SX, Liu L. [Sublethal effects of spinetoram and azadirachtin on development and reproduction of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande).]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2016; 27:3698-3704. [PMID: 29696870 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201611.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the sublethal effects of spinetoram and azadirachtin on western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, leaf dipping method was used to determine their sublethal concentrations (LC25) on the 2nd instar nymph, and their influences on development and reproduction of F. occidentalis were studied. The results showed exposure of sublethal concentrations of spinetoram and azadirachtin to F. accidentalis had different degrees of effects on this insect pest. Under bisexual reproduction, the LC25 spinetoram had no significant influences on pre-oviposition period, female adult longevity and fecundity, but male adult longevity was significantly shorter than the control. The LC25 azadirachtin significantly reduced fecundity and prolonged pre-oviposition period. Under parthenogenesis, the LC25 spinetoram and azadirachtin extended the pre-oviposition duration, whereas the LC25 azadirachtin shortened the female adult longevity and significantly decreased fecundity. The LC25 spinetoram and azadirachtin had different influences on developmental duration of each stage of next generation. The immature stage in treatment group of the LC25 spinetoram was shorter than that in treatment group of the LC25 azadirachtin, under bisexual reproduction or parthenogenesis. Intrinsic rate of increase (rm) and finite rate of increase (λ) of population treated by the LC25 spinetoram were higher than those of the control, whereas the rm, R0, and λ of population treated by the LC25 azadirachtin were lower than those of the control. The findings indicated that the effects of the LC25 spinetoram and azadirachtin on the development and reproduction of F. accidentalis were different. The LC25 spinetoram had certain stimulating effect, whereas the LC25 azadirach-tinon had significant inhibitory effect. Two biopesticides' influences were related with the reproductive patterns of F. accidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ming Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jun Rui Zhi
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shun Xin Li
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University/Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of the Mountainous Region, Guiyang 550025, China
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Lucas J, Bonnieux A, Lyphout L, Cousin X, Miramand P, Lefrançois C. Trophic contamination by pyrolytic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons does not affect aerobic metabolic scope in zebrafish Danio rerio. J Fish Biol 2016; 88:433-442. [PMID: 26768980 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The effect of trophic exposure to pyrolitic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) on aerobic metabolism of zebrafish Danio rerio was investigated. There were no significant differences in standard metabolic rate (SMR), active metabolic rate (AMR) or aerobic metabolic scope (AS) at any sublethal concentration of PAH in the diet of adult or juvenile fish. This suggests that under these experimental conditions, exposure to PAH in food did not influence aerobic metabolism of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lucas
- UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement Sociétés (LIENSs), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
- IFREMER, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, 17137 L'Houmeau, France
| | - A Bonnieux
- UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement Sociétés (LIENSs), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - L Lyphout
- IFREMER, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, 17137 L'Houmeau, France
| | - X Cousin
- IFREMER, Place Gaby Coll, BP7, 17137 L'Houmeau, France
- INRA LPGP, Campus de Beaulieu, Bâtiment 16A, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France
| | - P Miramand
- UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement Sociétés (LIENSs), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - C Lefrançois
- UMR 7266 Littoral Environnement Sociétés (LIENSs), Institut du Littoral et de l'Environnement, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
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Wang L, Zeng L, Chen J. Sublethal Effect of Imidacloprid on Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) Feeding, Digging, and Foraging Behavior. Environ Entomol 2015; 44:1544-52. [PMID: 26314029 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvv127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that exposure to neonicotinoid insecticides at sublethal levels impairs colonies of honeybees and other pollinators. Recently, it was found that sublethal contamination with neonicotinoids also affect growth and behavior of ants. In this study, we exposed red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta Buren, to sublethal dosages of dietary imidacloprid and investigated its effect on ant feeding, digging, and foraging behavior. S. invicta consumed significantly more sugar water containing 0.01 μg/ml imidacloprid than untreated sugar water. Ants fed with 0.01 μg/ml imidacloprid also showed significantly increased digging activity than ants fed with untreated sugar water. However, imidacloprid at ≥ 0.25 μg/ml significantly suppressed sugar water consumption, digging, and foraging behavior. These results indicate that imidacloprid at sublethal concentrations may have a significant and complicated effect on S. invicta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Rd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Zeng
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Rd., Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, P. R. China
| | - Jian Chen
- National Biological Control Laboratory, Southeast Area, Agriculture Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 59 Lee Rd., Stoneville, MS 38776.
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Huang Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y. Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Cantharidin on Development and Reproduction of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). J Econ Entomol 2015; 108:1054-1064. [PMID: 26470229 DOI: 10.1093/jee/tov057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a major pest of cruciferous vegetables throughout the world. Cantharidin, a natural toxin isolated from beetles in the families Meloidae and Oedemeridae, has been reported to be toxic to some pests, including the diamondback moth. However, the effects of cantharidin, especially its sublethal effects on development and reproduction of diamondback moth, are less known. In this study, we investigated the sublethal effects of cantharidin at LC2 (0.41 mg liter(-1)), LC10 (1.33 mg liter(-1)), LC25 (3.38 mg liter(-1)), and LC50 (9.53 mg liter(-1)) on development and reproduction parameters of two consecutive diamondback moth generations. The results indicated that cantharidin reduced population growth by decreasing its pupation rate, pupal weight, and adult emergence, and by delaying its development. Furthermore, the duration of the female preoviposition period increased, while the oviposition and postoviposition periods, fecundity, and survival rates of the offspring decreased. The peaks of age-specific fecundity in LC10, LC25, and LC50 treatment groups lagged behind the control group. The mean values of the net reproductive rate (R0), intrinsic rate of increase (r), and finite rate of increase (λ) were significantly lower than those of the control, and the mean generation time (T) was prolonged. The present study demonstrates that cantharidin exhibits significant adverse effects on the population dynamics of diamondback moth, leading to fitness disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yalin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources & Pest Management, Ministry of Education, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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