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Wei X, Zhang Y, Song X, Zhao L, Zhao Q, Chen T, Lu K, Zhu Z, Huang S, Wang C. Silicon and Zinc Fertilizer Application Improves Grain Quality and Aroma in the japonica Rice Variety Nanjing 46. Foods 2024; 13:152. [PMID: 38201181 PMCID: PMC10778609 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study examined how silicon and zinc fertilizers affect the quality and aroma of Nanjing 46. We applied nine different fertilizer treatments, one involving soil topdressing at the top fourth leaf-age stage and one involving foliar spraying during the booting stage of the silicon and zinc fertilizers. We tested the effects of the nine treatments on grain quality and aroma. Silicon and zinc fertilizers significantly affected the brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, amylose content, gel consistency, RVA characteristic value, taste value, and aroma but did not affect the chalky grain rate, chalkiness, protein content, rice appearance, hardness, stickiness, balance, peak time, or pasting temperature. Silicon fertilizer decreased the rate of brown rice and milled rice, whereas zinc fertilizer increased the rate of brown rice and milled rice. Silicon and zinc fertilizers improved the head rice rate. Compared to silicon fertilizer, the impact of zinc fertilizer on increasing the head rice rate was more pronounced. Although the effects of silicon and zinc fertilizers on the amylose content and RVA characteristic value varied depending on the treatment, their application could lower the amylose content, increase gel consistency, improve breakdown viscosity, decrease setback viscosity, increase aroma, and improve the taste value of rice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cailin Wang
- Institute of Food Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, East China Branch of National Technology Innovation Center for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Nanjing Branch of China National Center for Rice Improvement, Jiangsu High Quality Rice Research and Development Center, Nanjing 210014, China; (X.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (L.Z.); (Q.Z.); (T.C.); (K.L.); (Z.Z.); (S.H.)
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Xu M, Liu M, Si L, Ma Q, Sun T, Wang J, Chen K, Wang X, Wu L. Spraying high concentrations of chelated zinc enhances zinc biofortification in wheat grain. J Sci Food Agric 2022; 102:3590-3598. [PMID: 34862638 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foliar application of highly concentrated ZnSO4 fertilizer improves Zn biofortification in wheat grains. However, excess ZnSO4 ·7H2 O concentration (≥5 g kg-1 , w v-1 ) has been associated with leaf burn and yield loss, necessitating Zn sources with a high threshold concentration. The aim of this study, based on a 2 year field experiment conducted on wheat cultivated in acidic and alkaline soil, was to identify a suitable Zn formulation with a high Zn concentration or efficient adjuvant to achieve optimal Zn biofortification levels without compromising agronomic performance. RESULTS There was a continued increase in the Zn concentration in wheat grains and a decrease in grain yield with an increase in the concentration of the Zn foliar sprays in both soil types examined. Wheats treated with chelated Zn foliar sprays - Zn glycine chelate (ZnGly) and Zn-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (ZnEDTA) - had less foliar injury than those treated with unchelated Zn fertilizers. Furthermore, irrespective of wheat cultivars and soil types, ZnEDTA applied to wheat at a concentration of 10 g kg-1 achieved the highest grain Zn concentration without negatively affecting the wheat performance. Adjuvant type and concentration caused no significant variation in grain Zn concentration. CONCLUSION Overall, without foliar burn, wheat treated with 10 g kg-1 ZnEDTA foliar spray had the best performance with regard to grain Zn concentration and grain yield, which could have considerable implications for Zn biofortification of wheat grain. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linlin Si
- Institute of Environment and Resource & Soil Fertilizer, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingxu Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Sun
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaijun Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangjie Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lianghuan Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Liu JP, Deng QJ, Shang YJ, Yao XW, Wang HK, Tang YJ, Peng FR, Tan PP. Effects of zinc application on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of pecan at the seedling stage. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2021; 23:1149-1156. [PMID: 34396655 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) is sensitive to Zn, which is involved in basic physiological and biochemical processes. To explore the growth and physiology of pecan in response to Zn application, we used 1-year-old annual grafted seedlings (Pawnee) and applied four concentrations of Zn fertilizer (0.05, 0.10, 0.20 and 0.40 g·plant-1 ); a control (CK; no Zn fertilization) was also included. The growth characteristics, anatomical structure of the leaves and photosynthesis were assessed. Compared with the CK, photosynthesis and chlorophyll (Chl) fluorescence parameters, leaf area and leaf structure significantly increased at Zn concentrations of 0.05 and 0.10 g·plant-1 . In addition, growth of pecan at the seedling stage increased in response to moderate Zn application. In contrast, treatment with 0.20 and 0.40 g·Zn·plant-1 dramatically decreased these physiological indices and inhibited pecan growth. The results show that moderate soil Zn application promotes pecan growth and development by increasing photosynthesis. However excess Zn concentrations were not conducive to seedling growth. The concentration of 0.1 g·Zn·plant-1 was best when considering long-term soil Zn applications, providing a theoretical foundation for microelement management of pecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Liu
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - Q-J Deng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-J Shang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - X-W Yao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - H-K Wang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China
| | - Y-J Tang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - F-R Peng
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
| | - P-P Tan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, College of Forestry, Nanjing, China
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Zhou KH, Zhou H, Wang ZY, Liu Y, Liu JW, Gu JF, Zeng P, Liao BH. [Combined Effects of Soil Amendment and Zinc Fertilizer on Accumulation and Transportation of Cadmium in Soil-Rice System]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2021; 42:4452-4461. [PMID: 34414745 DOI: 10.13227/j.hjkx.202101150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted in moderately and severely Cd contaminated paddy fields in Beishan Town, Changsha City, Hunan Province. This study examined the effects of LS amendment (limestone+sepiolite), in combination with soil application and foliar spraying of Zn fertilizer, on Cd uptake in early and late rice plants. The results showed that: ① the application of LS (2250 kg·hm-2 and 4500 kg·hm-2) significantly increased pH and CEC values in paddy soil during the early and late rice seasons, but the addition of Zn fertilizer (90 kg/hm2) to soil and through foliar spraying (0.2 g·L-1 and 0.4 g·L-1) had no significant effects on the pH or CEC of the soil. ② LS application decreased concentrations of TCLP-Cd and CaCl2-Cd in the soils, by 11.5%-38.8% and 24.0%-81.0%, respectively, while neither of the treatments involving the addition of Zn fertilizer to soil or through foliar spraying had any significant effects on the concentrations of TCLP-Cd and CaCl2-Cd. ③Single treatments involving only LS amendment, Zn fertilizer in soil, or foliar spraying of Zn fertilizer also reduced Cd concentrations in brown rice, but to a lesser degree than the combined treatments. The combined treatments (L1Z1F1, L1Z1F2, L2Z1F1, and L2Z1F2) reduced Cd concentrations in brown rice by 64.9%-67.5% and 56.1%-80.6%, for early and late rice, respectively, while L2Z1F1 (4500 kg·hm-2 LS+90 kg·hm-2 Zn fertilizer+foliar spraying 0.2 g·L-1 Zn fertilizer) resulted in the largest reduction in Cd concentration in brown rice. ④ The Cd/Zn ratio in brown rice was significantly positively correlated with Cd concentrations, indicating that increased Zn concentration in different rice tissues was one of the key reasons for decreased Cd concentration in brown rice. Clearly, as a remediation technology, combining LS amendments with zinc fertilizer is an effective method for achieving the safe utilization of moderately and severely Cd contaminated paddy fields, by effectively inhibiting the uptake, accumulation, and transportation of Cd in rice plants and decreasing Cd concentrations in brown rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun-Hua Zhou
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Hang Zhou
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.,Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Zi-Yu Wang
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Ya Liu
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jia-Wei Liu
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Jiao-Feng Gu
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.,Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Peng Zeng
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.,Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Bo-Han Liao
- College of Environment Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.,Hunan Engineering Laboratory for Control of Rice Quality and Safety, Changsha 410004, China
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Fongfon S, Prom-U-Thai C, Pusadee T, Jamjod S. Responses of Purple Rice Genotypes to Nitrogen and Zinc Fertilizer Application on Grain Yield, Nitrogen, Zinc, and Anthocyanin Concentration. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:1717. [PMID: 34451761 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purple rice is recognized as a staple food for humans and as a source of anthocyanins and micronutrients such as zinc (Zn). This study examined how nitrogen (N) and Zn fertilizers affected grain yield and grain N, Zn, and anthocyanin concentration among purple rice genotypes. Six purple rice genotypes (PIZ, KAK, KS, KH-CMU, KDK, and HN) were grown under two levels of N, the optimum N60 (60 kg/ha) and high N180 (180 kg/ha) rates, along with three Zn application methods (no Zn application (Zn0), soil Zn application (ZnS; 50 kg ZnSO4/ha), and foliar Zn spray (ZnF; 0.5% ZnSO4 at the rate of 900 L/ha three times at heading, flowering, and early milk stages). Grain yield of the five purple rice landraces increased by 21–40% when increasing N from N60 to N180, although no response was found with HN. The higher N rate increased grain N concentration by 10–50% among the genotypes, while anthocyanin concentration increased by 100–110% in KAK and KS, and grain Zn was increased in KS. Applying ZnS increased grain yield by 16–94% but decreased anthocyanin and N concentrations compared to the control Zn0. Applying ZnF effectively increased grain Zn concentration by 40–140% in the genotypes without adversely impacting grain anthocyanin or N concentration. This study demonstrated that the appropriate management of N and Zn fertilizers for specific purple rice genotypes would be one way to increase productivity and grain N, Zn, and anthocyanin concentration.
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Tavallali V, Rahmati S, Bahmanzadegan A. Antioxidant activity, polyphenolic contents and essential oil composition of Pimpinella anisum L. as affected by zinc fertilizer. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:4883-4889. [PMID: 28387036 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antioxidant activity and essential oil content of plants may vary considerably with respect to environmental conditions, especially nutrient availability. Among micronutrients, zinc (Zn) is needed by plants in only small amounts but is crucial to plant development. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Zn fertilization on the antioxidant activity, polyphenolic contents and essential oil composition of Pimpinella anisum fruit. RESULTS Foliar application of Zn fertilizer considerably increased the number of detected essential oil components from 27 to 45. Zinc application at a rate of 0.2% (w/v) significantly enhanced the levels of β-bisabolene, germacrene D, n-decane and α-zingiberene, whereas the opposite trend was observed for (E)-anethole and geijerene. Application of 0.2% Zn considerably increased the levels of phenolic compounds, with chlorogenic acid showing the highest content among eight phenolic compounds detected in treated plants. The maximum antioxidant activity was achieved through application of 0.2% Zn fertilizer. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that the quality and quantity of anise fruit essential oil components were significantly altered by application of low levels of Zn. After foliar application of Zn, polyphenolic contents as well as antioxidant activity of anise fruit increased. Using Zn fertilizer is an efficient method to improve the pharmaceutical and food properties of anise fruit. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Tavallali
- Department of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadegh Rahmati
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran
| | - Atefeh Bahmanzadegan
- Department of Natural Resources, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Shiraz, Iran
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Ma D, Sun D, Wang C, Ding H, Qin H, Hou J, Huang X, Xie Y, Guo T. Physiological Responses and Yield of Wheat Plants in Zinc-Mediated Alleviation of Drought Stress. Front Plant Sci 2017; 8:860. [PMID: 28596777 PMCID: PMC5442205 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
To evaluate the physiological responses of wheat to zinc (Zn) fertilizer application under drought stress, pot, and field experiments were conducted on wheat plants grown under different soil moistures and treated with soil and foliar Zn applications. Photosynthetic characteristics, antioxidant content, Zn element concentration, and the transcription level of genes involved in antioxidant biosynthesis were analyzed. Zn application increased SPAD and Fv/Fm of wheat flag leaves, while decreased lipid peroxidation levels and H2O2 content. Zn application increased the antioxidant content (ascorbate, reduced glutathione, total phenolic, and total flavonoid) of wheat flag leaves, and enhanced the relative expression levels of two antioxidant enzyme genes, four ascorbate-glutathione cycle genes, and two flavonoid biosynthesis pathway genes under drought stress. Soil Zn application increased grain yield and Zn concentration by 10.5 and 15.8%, 22.6 and 9.7%, and 28.2 and 32.8% under adequate water supply, moderate drought, and severe drought, respectively. Furthermore, foliar application of Zn in the field increased grain yield and grain Zn concentration under both adequate water supply and rain-fed conditions. Zn plays a role in alleviating wheat plant drought stress by Zn-mediated increase in photosynthesis pigment and active oxygen scavenging substances, and reduction in lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, Zn fertilizer could regulate multiple antioxidant defense systems at the transcriptional level in response to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyun Ma
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Dexiang Sun
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Chenyang Wang
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Huina Ding
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Haixia Qin
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Hou
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Xin Huang
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Yingxin Xie
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Tiancai Guo
- Agronomy College/National Engineering Research Center for Wheat, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Food Crops, Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou, China
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Behm JE, Tylka GL, Niblack TL, Wiebold WJ, Donald PA. Effects of Zinc Fertilization of Corn on Hatching of Heterodera glycines in Soil. J Nematol 1995; 27:164-171. [PMID: 19277276 PMCID: PMC2619598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of zinc fertilizers on hatching and soil population densities of Heterodera glycines. In vitro egg hatching in solutions of reagent-grade zinc sulfate and zinc chloride and fertilizer-grade zinc sulfate was significantly greater than hatching in deionized water, whereas zinc chelate fertilizer significantly inhibited egg hatching relative to deionized water. In greenhouse experiments, no differences in cumulative percentage egg hatch were detected in soil naturally infested with H. glycines amended with fertilizer-grade zinc sulfate and zinc chelate at rates equivalent to 0, 1.12, 11.2, and 112 kg Zn/ha and subsequently planted with corn (Zea mays L.). In a field experiment, no significant differences in H. glycines egg population densities and corn yields were detected among plots fertilized with 0, 11.2, and 22.4 kg Zn/ha rates of zinc chelate. Yields of H. glycines-susceptible soybean planted in plots 1 year after zinc fertilization of corn plots also were not significantly affected. Zinc compounds significandy affected H. glycines egg hatching in vitro, but had no effect on hatching in natural soils.
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