[Influence of phytotherapy on pro- and antioxidant status in spermatozoa, seminal plasma and immunologic status of sperm in men with chronic inflammation of the urogenital tract complicated by infertility]

The lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in the blood of men with oligosymptomatic forms of chronic inflammation of the urogenital tract complicated by infertility are studied. Studied cytokine status of sperm in infertile men. The positive effect of imupret in combination with gepatomax on the oxidative activity systems, which leads to an improvement of leukocyte subpopulations of sperm, to normalize the concentrations of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and therefore, an increase in fertilizing are shown.

[Influence of immunocorrection on the inflammatory process in the urogenital tract in men with infertility]

We studied the concentration of metalloproteinases, pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines, lymphocyte activation markers in seminal plasma of men with oligosymptomatic forms of chronic inflammation of the urogenital tract complicated with infertility. It was shown that chronic inflammation of the urogenital tract shifts the levels of cytokine profile, reduces the concentration of metalloproteinase-2 (576.4 +/- 89.3 ng/ml, P < 0.001), chemokines - fractalkine (16.3 +/- 1.3 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and chemmmokine regulated by activation, expression and secretion of normal T-cells (RANTES (12.7 +/- 1.0 pg/ ml, P < 0.001). Additionally, we observed a sharp increase in IL-8 (215.5 +/- 7.8 pg/ml, P < 0.01), MCP-1 (926.4 +/- 30.2 pg/ml, P < 0.001) and elevation of the CD25 + / CD95 + ratio. These observations point for alterations in apoptotic mechanisms in pathological forms of the generative cells and their accumulation in the sperm. Prolonged inflammation of the genital area is accompanied by depletion of the local immune system resulting in the development of infertility. The multidirectional shifts in IL-10/IL-12 index have been established: an increase in the group of patients with elevated level of hypercapitated spermatozoa and its reduction in microsomatic morphotype of spermatozoa. These data emphasize the importance of the microenvironment in maturation of gametes. It was shown that an inclusion of alfagin and gepatomax in immunorehabilitation of men with oligosymptomatic forms of urogenital infections improves leukocyte subpopulation content of sperm and concentrations of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and therefore, results in an increase in fertilizing potential.

[State of antioxidant defense and L-arginin-nitrogen oxide system in blood of patients with urogenital chlamydiosis]

The system L-arginine-nitrogen oxide plays a significant role in maintenance of the anti-infectious protection of an organism. A condition of the given system and activity of a enzymatic part of antiradical protection in the blood of patients with chlamydiosis has been studied. Obtained data specify an intensification of processes of an oxidizing way of recycling of arginine in an organism of patients. Substantial increase of NO-synthase activity and insignificant activity of arginase in the blood is revealed. The level of nitrite-anion in blood cells of patients authentically increases: 1.7 times in erythrocytes, and 1.4 times in lymphocytes. It is shown, that in patients with chlamydiosis glutathione system is intensified, that is evidenced by an increase glutathione-peroxidase activity and authentic increase of glutathione level. It is assummed that the established features of nitrogen oxide exchange play a significant role in formation of a pathological condition at urogenital chlamydia infections.

Sperm morphology and male urogenital infections

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of urogenital infections as indicated by leukocytospermia on human sperm morphology, diagnosed cytologically and by means of a leukocyte peroxidase test. A basic semen analysis, including a leukocyte peroxidase test, was prospectively performed on 150 consecutive semen samples. Cytology smears were microscopically investigated for the presence of WBC and the results expressed on a 4 point scale as +/- to +3 WBCs/high power field (HPF). ROC curve analysis indicated that for cases with more than +/- WBC/HPF the peroxidase determined WBC count cut-off value was > 0.25 x 10(6) WBC ml-1 with a sensitivity of 75% and specificity of 90%. The presence of more than +/- WBC/HPF was negatively correlated with sperm morphology characteristics studied. The mean (+/- SD) percentage of morphological normal spermatozoa was 7.0% (SD 4.4) in the WBC negative group (n = 134) compared to 4.3% (SD 3.5) in the WBC positive (n = 16) group (P < 0.0001). There was also an associated increase, 15.3% (SD 13.3) to 23.6% (SD 13.8), in the percentage of spermatozoa with elongated head forms in the WBC positive group (P = 0.0218). No other effect on sperm and acrosome morphology could be found. With the peroxidase determinations there was also a tendency in the WBC positive group (n = 10) towards poorer sperm morphology characteristics, but these changes were not statistically significant. The presence of urogenital infections as diagnosed cytologically was associated with statistically poorer sperm morphology characteristics. This statistical relationship was not found in the peroxidase diagnosed leukocytospermia positive groups.