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Lau WM, Yang R, Tong BY, Wong SK. Thermal Oxidation of Amorphous Silicon-Boron Alloy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-105-163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe thermal oxidation of amorphous silicon-boron alloy (prepared by low pressure chemical vapor deposition) with boron contents ranged from 0–40% at a temperature range of 25- 700 °C has been carried out. Crystalline silicon and polycrystalline boron have also been studied for comparison purposes. The resultant thin oxide overlayers were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. It was found that both the oxidation of Si and of B are enhanced by mixing of the two elements. The oxidation of boron is significantly slower than silicon. During oxidation of silicon-boron alloy, preferential oxidation of silicon occurs at the oxide/bulk interface and the silicon oxide overlayer advances into the bulk faster than the boron oxide.
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Alexander J, Al-Ta'ani H, Andrews KR, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Appelt E, Aramaki Y, Armendariz R, Aschenauer EC, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Bannier B, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belmont R, Ben-Benjamin J, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Blau DS, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Broxmeyer D, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Campbell S, Caringi A, Castera P, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Conesa del Valle Z, Connors M, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dairaku S, Datta A, David G, Dayananda MK, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, D'Orazio L, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Efremenko YV, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong X, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Harper C, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hayano R, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hollis RS, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Iwanaga Y, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jiang X, Johnson BM, Jones T, Joo KS, Jouan D, Kamin J, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kinney E, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotov D, Král A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee SH, Lee SR, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lichtenwalner P, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Means N, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Miki K, Milov A, Mitchell JT, Miyachi Y, Mohanty AK, Moon HJ, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, Oakley C, O'Brien E, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park SK, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Qu H, Rak J, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosendahl SSE, Rukoyatkin P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sarsour M, Sato T, Savastio M, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seidl R, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shim HH, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Sodre T, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sun J, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tennant E, Themann H, Thomas D, Togawa M, Tomášek L, Tomášek M, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Utsunomiya K, Vale C, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Yamaguchi YL, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Yoo JS, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zelenski A, Zhou S, Zolin L. Cross section and parity-violating spin asymmetries of W± boson production in polarized p + p collisions at sqrt[s] = 500 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:062001. [PMID: 21405459 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.062001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Large parity-violating longitudinal single-spin asymmetries A(L)(e+) = -0.86(-0.14) (+0.30) and A(L)(e-) = 0.88(-0.71) (+0.12) are observed for inclusive high transverse momentum electrons and positrons in polarized p+p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of sqrt[s] = 500 GeV with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. These e± come mainly from the decay of W± and Z0 bosons, and their asymmetries directly demonstrate parity violation in the couplings of the W± to the light quarks. The observed electron and positron yields were used to estimate W± boson production cross sections for the e± channels of σ(pp → W+ X) × BR(W+ → e+ ν(e)) = 144.1 ± 21.2(stat)(-10.3) (+3.4) (syst) ± 21.6(norm) pb, and σ(pp → W- X) × BR(W- → e- ν[over ¯](e)) = 31.7 ± 12.1(stat)(-8.2) (+10.1) (syst) ± 4.8(norm) pb.
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378
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Pedroso F, Yang R, Cheung M, Byrne M, Koniaris L, Zimmers T. Protective Effects Of Obesity On Survival in Lung Cancer. J Surg Res 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2010.11.183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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379
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Wang H, Yang R, Hua X, Zhang Z, Zhao W, Zhang W. Expression, Enzymatic Characterization, and High-Level Production of Glucose Isomerase from Actinoplanes missouriensis CICIM B0118(A) in Escherichia coli. Z NATURFORSCH C 2011. [DOI: 10.5560/znc.2011.66c0605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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380
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Delgado DC, Hank JA, Kolesar J, Lorentzen D, Gan J, Seo S, Kim KM, Shusterman S, Gillies SD, Reisfeld RA, Yang R, Gadbaw B, DeSantes KD, London WB, Seeger RC, Maris JM, Sondel PM. Genotypes of NK cell KIR receptors, their ligands, and Fcγ receptors in the response of neuroblastoma patients to Hu14.18-IL2 immunotherapy. Cancer Res 2010; 70:9554-61. [PMID: 20935224 PMCID: PMC2999644 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-10-2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Response to immunocytokine (IC) therapy is dependent on natural killer cells in murine neuroblastoma (NBL) models. Furthermore, killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)/KIR-ligand mismatch is associated with improved outcome to autologous stem cell transplant for NBL. Additionally, clinical antitumor response to monoclonal antibodies has been associated with specific polymorphic-FcγR alleles. Relapsed/refractory NBL patients received the hu14.18-IL2 IC (humanized anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody linked to human IL2) in a Children's Oncology Group phase II trial. In this report, these patients were genotyped for KIR, HLA, and FcR alleles to determine whether KIR receptor-ligand mismatch or specific FcγR alleles were associated with antitumor response. DNA samples were available for 38 of 39 patients enrolled: 24 were found to have autologous KIR/KIR-ligand mismatch; 14 were matched. Of the 24 mismatched patients, 7 experienced either complete response or improvement of their disease after IC therapy. There was no response or comparable improvement of disease in patients who were matched. Thus KIR/KIR-ligand mismatch was associated with response/improvement to IC (P = 0.03). There was a trend toward patients with the FcγR2A 131-H/H genotype showing a higher response rate than other FcγR2A genotypes (P = 0.06). These analyses indicate that response or improvement of relapsed/refractory NBL patients after IC treatment is associated with autologous KIR/KIR-ligand mismatch, consistent with a role for natural killer cells in this clinical response.
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381
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Lin Q, Zhang X, Chang J, Yang R, Wu H, Lu J, Chen S, Wang L, Dai M, Zheng H. Serial 18F-FDG PET/CT During Radiotherapy in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Prospective Clinical Study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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382
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Zanguee N, Lymbery J, Lau J, Suzuki A, Yang R, Ng J, Ryan U. Identification of novel Cryptosporidium species in aquarium fish. Vet Parasitol 2010; 174:43-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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383
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Li B, Turnbull H, Brown M, Yang R, Qi L, Nori D, Chen A. The Californian Cancer Registry Report on the Impact of Histology and Chemoradiation on Survival in Nasopharyngeal Cancer among Asian Subgroups. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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384
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Ni ZH, Ponomarenko LA, Nair RR, Yang R, Anissimova S, Grigorieva IV, Schedin F, Blake P, Shen ZX, Hill EH, Novoselov KS, Geim AK. On resonant scatterers as a factor limiting carrier mobility in graphene. NANO LETTERS 2010; 10:3868-3872. [PMID: 20795655 DOI: 10.1021/nl101399r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
We show that graphene deposited on a substrate has a non-negligible density of atomic scale defects. This is evidenced by a previously unnoticed D peak in the Raman spectra with intensity of ∼1% with respect to the G peak. We evaluated the effect of such impurities on electron transport by mimicking them with hydrogen adsorbates and measuring the induced changes in both mobility and Raman intensity. If the intervalley scatterers responsible for the D peak are monovalent, their concentration is sufficient to account for the limited mobilities currently achievable in graphene on a substrate.
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385
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Qiu Y, Liu Y, Qi Z, Wang W, Kou Z, Zhang Q, Liu G, Liu T, Yang Y, Yang X, Xin Y, Li C, Cui B, Huang S, Liu H, Zeng L, Wang Z, Yang R, Wang H, Wang X. Comparison of Immunological Responses of Plague Vaccines F1 + rV270 and EV76 in Chinese-Origin Rhesus Macaque, Macaca mulatta. Scand J Immunol 2010; 72:425-33. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.2010.02456.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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386
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HÅ, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hegyi S, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee K, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomášek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Azimuthal anisotropy of π⁰ production in Au+Au collisions at sqrt((s)NN)=200 GeV: path-length dependence of jet quenching and the role of initial geometry. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:142301. [PMID: 21230825 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the azimuthal anisotropy of π⁰ production for 1<p(T)<18 GeV/c for Au+Au collisions at sqrt((s)NN)=200 GeV. The observed anisotropy shows a gradual decrease for 3≲p(T)≲7-10 GeV/c, but remains positive beyond 10 GeV/c. The magnitude of this anisotropy is underpredicted, up to at least ∼10 GeV/c, by current perturbative QCD (PQCD) energy-loss model calculations. An estimate of the increase in anisotropy expected from initial-geometry modification due to gluon saturation effects and fluctuations is insufficient to account for this discrepancy. Calculations that implement a path-length dependence steeper than what is implied by current PQCD energy-loss models show reasonable agreement with the data.
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387
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Ponomarenko LA, Yang R, Gorbachev RV, Blake P, Mayorov AS, Novoselov KS, Katsnelson MI, Geim AK. Density of states and zero Landau Level probed through capacitance of graphene. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:136801. [PMID: 21230795 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.136801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We report capacitors in which a finite electronic compressibility of graphene dominates the electrostatics, resulting in pronounced changes in capacitance as a function of magnetic field and carrier concentration. The capacitance measurements have allowed us to accurately map the density of states D, and compare it against theoretical predictions. Landau oscillations in D are robust and zero Landau level (LL) can easily be seen at room temperature in moderate fields. The broadening of LLs is strongly affected by charge inhomogeneity that leads to zero LL being broader than other levels.
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388
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Breitling L, Yang R, Burwinkel B, Korn B, Brenner H. Smoking-related differenzial CpG methylation: a 27k discovery and replication study. DAS GESUNDHEITSWESEN 2010. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1266453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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389
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Zhong YJ, Xie GY, Sui GX, Yang R. Poly(ether ether ketone) composites reinforced by short carbon fibers and zirconium dioxide nanoparticles: Mechanical properties and sliding wear behavior with water lubrication. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.32847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hegyi S, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee K, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikes P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunecka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomásek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Elliptic and hexadecapole flow of charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at sq.rt(s(NN))=200 GeV. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 105:062301. [PMID: 20867976 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Differential measurements of the elliptic (v(2)) and hexadecapole (v(4)) Fourier flow coefficients are reported for charged hadrons as a function of transverse momentum (p(T)) and collision centrality or number of participant nucleons (N(part)) for Au+Au collisions at sq.rt(s(NN))=200 GeV. The v(2,4) measurements at pseudorapidity |η|≤0.35, obtained with four separate reaction-plane detectors positioned in the range 1.0<|η|<3.9, show good agreement, indicating the absence of significant Δη-dependent nonflow correlations. Sizable values for v(4)(p(T)) are observed with a ratio v(4)(p(T),N(part))/v(2)(2)(p(T),N(part))≈0.8 for 50≲N(part)≲200, which is compatible with the combined effects of a finite viscosity and initial eccentricity fluctuations. For N(part)≳200 this ratio increases up to 1.7 in the most central collisions.
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Shen M, Yang S, Han J, Shi J, Yang R, Du Y, Stallones L. Non-fatal injury rates among the "left-behind children" of rural China. Inj Prev 2010; 15:244-7. [PMID: 19651997 DOI: 10.1136/ip.2008.019869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate patterns of non-fatal unintentional injuries among "left-behind children" in Macheng, China. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was conducted in September and October, 2006. Age-specific and sex-specific injury rates were calculated. RESULTS 3019 students were interviewed in six schools. Of these, 1182 were identified as "left-behind"; 62.3% had both parents away from home, and 37.7% had one parent away from home. The annual injury rate per 1000 among left-behind children was more than twice that of children living with both parents: 252.9 (95% CI 233.0 to 273.0) and 119.8 (95% CI 105 to 134), respectively. Male left-behind children had the highest annual injury rate: 316.4 (95% CI 295 to 338) per 1000. The three leading external causes of injury were similar for both groups of children: falls (33.8%); mechanical injuries (16.2%); and animal bites (14.5%).The location where injuries occurred were home (32.0%), school (26.0%) and roadways (23.9%) for left-behind children. There were no significant associations between the identified guardian and injury mechanism. CONCLUSIONS A large proportion of students in the schools of rural Macheng are left-behind children. Left-behind children have a higher injury rate than those in the care of both parents. This may be important in the development of injury prevention strategies in rural communities in China.
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Yang JL, Ma GP, Yang R, Yang SQ, Fu LZ, Cheng AC, Wang MS, Zhang SH, Shen KF, Jia RY, Deng SX, Xu ZY. Simple and rapid detection of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis under field conditions by loop-mediated isothermal amplification. J Appl Microbiol 2010; 109:1715-23. [PMID: 20618889 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04800.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM The objective of this study is to develop a serovar-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method for sensitive, rapid, and inexpensive detection of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis under field conditions. METHODS A set of six specific primers was designed with Salmonella Enteritidis DNA as the target. LAMP conditions were optimized by incubating the target DNA with the Bst DNA polymerase large fragment in a simple water bath. The sensitivity and specificity of LAMP was then compared with those of fluorescent quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR). RESULTS The results were as follows. (1) Serovar-specific Salmonella Enteritidis DNA was amplified at 65°C in as early as 20min in a water bath. (2) A colour change visible to the naked eye indicated a positive amplification reaction. (3) The detection limit of the LAMP assay was 4 copies μl(-1) ; thus, the sensitivity and specificity of this assay is similar to those of the FQ-PCR. CONCLUSIONS LAMP is a high-throughput detection technique with high sensitivity, specificity, and simplicity; these factors make it suitable for specifically detecting Salmonella Enteritidis under field conditions and in laboratory settings. Thus, LAMP eliminates the need for complicated equipment and technical training in the detection of this specific serovar. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study involving the use of LAMP to detect Salmonella serovar-specific DNA sequences. It is also the first to report an ideal method of distinguishing between Salmonella Enteritidis and other Salmonella under field conditions.
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Yang R, Castriota G, Chen Y, Cleary MA, Ellsworth K, Shin MK, Tran JL, Vogt TF, Wu M, Xu S, Yang X, Zhang BB, Berger JP, Qureshi SA. RNAi-mediated germline knockdown of FABP4 increases body weight but does not improve the deranged nutrient metabolism of diet-induced obese mice. Int J Obes (Lond) 2010; 35:217-25. [PMID: 20603627 PMCID: PMC3056343 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2010.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of reduced adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) in control of body weight, glucose and lipid homeostasis in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice. Methods: We applied RNA interference (RNAi) technology to generate FABP4 germline knockdown mice to investigate their metabolic phenotype. Results: RNAi-mediated knockdown reduced FABP4 mRNA expression and protein levels by almost 90% in adipocytes of standard chow-fed mice. In adipocytes of DIO mice, RNAi reduced FABP4 expression and protein levels by 70 and 80%, respectively. There was no increase in adipocyte FABP5 expression in FABP4 knockdown mice. The knockdown of FABP4 significantly increased body weight and fat mass in DIO mice. However, FABP4 knockdown did not affect plasma glucose and lipid homeostasis in DIO mice; nor did it improve their insulin sensitivity. Conclusion: Our data indicate that robust knockdown of FABP4 increases body weight and fat mass without improving glucose and lipid homeostasis in DIO mice.
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aphecetche L, Aramaki Y, Asai J, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Hadj Henni A, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hegyi S, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee K, Lee KS, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikes P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Niita T, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunecka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomásek L, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Transition in yield and azimuthal shape modification in dihadron correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2010; 104:252301. [PMID: 20867367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hard-scattered parton probes produced in collisions of large nuclei indicate large partonic energy loss, possibly with collective produced-medium response to the lost energy. We present measurements of π^{0} trigger particles at transverse momenta p{T}{t}=4-12 GeV/c and associated charged hadrons (p{T}{a}=0.5-7 GeV/c) vs relative azimuthal angle Δϕ in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt[s{NN}]=200 GeV. The Au+Au distribution at low p{T}{a}, whose shape has been interpreted as a medium effect, is modified for p{T}{t}<7 GeV/c. At higher p{T}{t}, the data are consistent with unmodified or very weakly modified shapes, even for the lowest measured p{T}{a}, which quantitatively challenges some medium response models. The associated yield of hadrons opposing the trigger particle in Au+Au relative to p+p (I{AA}) is suppressed at high p{T} (I{AA}≈0.35-0.5), but less than for inclusive suppression (R{AA}≈0.2).
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Zhang LL, Yang R, Zhang L, Li W, MacDonald-Jankowski D, Poh CF. Dentigerous cyst: a retrospective clinicopathological analysis of 2082 dentigerous cysts in British Columbia, Canada. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2010; 39:878-82. [PMID: 20605411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research is to analyze the prevalence of dentigerous cysts (DCs) in a population-based cohort in British Columbia, Canada, and to report unusual cases associated with DC. The database of the British Columbia Oral Biopsy Service was searched from 1998 to 2007. 2082 histologically confirmed DCs from 2029 patients were retrieved and retrospectively analyzed for incidence, age, gender and ethnicity. The results show that this is a common jaw cyst with male predilection, has a peak incidence in younger adults and is more common in Caucasians. Multiple DCs, representing 2.5% of the cases, are not associated with any syndromes or systemic conditions. 0.5% DCs were associated with other cysts or tumours at the same site or the opposite side of the jaw. The authors report the first series of cases presenting clinically as bilateral DCs, but histologically as an odontogenic tumour or another type of odontogenic cyst. DCs can co-exist with other more serious conditions, such as odontogenic keratocyst or cystic ameloblastoma. This association with more significant conditions indicates the importance of histologically confirming any jaw cyst, even when it presents clinically as a classic DC.
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Yang R, Zheng J, Huang J, Zhang X, Qu J, Li X. Low-temperature growth of vertically aligned In2O3 nanoblades with improved lithium storage properties. Electrochem commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2010.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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397
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Yang R. SU-GG-T-511: A Novel Conformal Arc Technique for Postoperative Whole Pelvic Radiotherapy of Endometrial Cancer. Med Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3468907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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398
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Ferry DK, Huang L, Yang R, Lai YC, Akis R. Open quantum dots in graphene: Scaling relativistic pointer states. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/220/1/012015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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399
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Shen J, Zhou M, Li W, Yang R, Wang J. Features of leprosy transmission in pocket villages at low endemic situation in China. INDIAN JOURNAL OF LEPROSY 2010; 82:73-78. [PMID: 21434509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To study the characteristics of leprosy transmission at low endemic situation and to analyze the reason why transmission still existed. A retrospective study was carried out on transmission of leprosy in thirteen leprosy high endemic villages in Wenshan district, Yunnan Province, China. A special questionnaire was designed for collecting the data. A total of 47 patients have been registered in 13 villages since 1991. Among them, 25 (53.2%) were leprosy household patients. The proportion of BI positivity was 57.4% (27). The average delay time from disease onset to diagnosis of leprosy was 12 +/- 7.9 months with a range of 1-36 months. The interval between 2 cases being detected in each village was in a range of 0.5 to 5.5 years. Many secondary patients occurred continuously after an 'index case' and they developed leprosy within the delay time of the disease of former patients. The authors here also reviewed some literature on chemoprophylaxis and discussed the importance. Most patients could not be detected at the early stage. It may be necessary of considering the chemoprophylaxis strategy among close contacts of leprosy to stop transmission in leprosy pocket areas.
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Min L, Yang R, Wang X, Wang B. Bayesian analysis for genetic architecture of dynamic traits. Heredity (Edinb) 2010; 106:124-33. [PMID: 20332806 DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2010.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dissection of the genetic architecture of quantitative traits, including the number and locations of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and their main and epistatic effects, has been an important topic in current QTL mapping. We extend the Bayesian model selection framework for mapping multiple epistatic QTL affecting continuous traits to dynamic traits in experimental crosses. The extension inherits the efficiency of Bayesian model selection and the flexibility of the Legendre polynomial model fitting to the change in genetic and environmental effects with time. We illustrate the proposed method by simultaneously detecting the main and epistatic QTLs for the growth of leaf age in a doubled-haploid population of rice. The behavior and performance of the method are also shown by computer simulation experiments. The results show that our method can more quickly identify interacting QTLs for dynamic traits in the models with many numbers of genetic effects, enhancing our understanding of genetic architecture for dynamic traits. Our proposed method can be treated as a general form of mapping QTL for continuous quantitative traits, being easier to extend to multiple traits and to a single trait with repeat records.
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