801
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Shimizu K, Okita R, Saisho S, Maeda A, Nojima Y, Nakata M. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma based on computed tomography findings. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 10:153-163. [PMID: 28096683 PMCID: PMC5207454 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s121059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We performed an analysis to clarify differences in clinicopathological and molecular features of lung invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma (IMA) based on computed tomography (CT) findings and their impact on prognosis. Patients and methods On the basis of CT findings, we divided lung IMA into three subtypes: solid, bubbling, and pneumonic. We then investigated differences in clinicopathological characteristics, prognosis, and the expressions of well-identified biomarkers, including cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2), excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1), ribonucleotide reductase M1 (RRM1), class III beta-tubulin, thymidylate synthase (TS), secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), programmed cell death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1), and epidermal growth factor receptor mutation, among the three subtypes. Results A total of 29 patients with resected lung IMA were analyzed. Compared with the solid or bubbling type, the pneumonic type had a higher proportion of symptoms, a larger tumor size, a higher pathological stage, and a significantly worse prognosis. The immunohistochemical findings tended to show high expression of RRM1, class III beta-tubulin, and Cox-2 in the tumor and of SPARC in the stroma, but not of ERCC1, TS, and PD-L1 in the tumor. None of the biomarkers with high expression levels in the tumor were prognostic biomarkers, but the expression of SPARC in the stroma was correlated with a poor outcome. Conclusion Clinical and pathological features, in conjunction with molecular data, indicate that IMA should be divided into different subgroups. In our results, the pneumonic type was correlated with a significantly worse outcome. Further studies should be performed to confirm our conclusion and to explore its molecular implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Shimizu
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Riki Okita
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Saisho
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ai Maeda
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuji Nojima
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masao Nakata
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
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802
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Chen M, Yao S, Cao Q, Xia M, Liu J, He M. The prognostic value of Ki67 in ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma: an 11-year cohort study of Chinese patients. Oncotarget 2017; 8:107877-85. [PMID: 29296209 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study sought to assess the prognostic role of Ki67 in primary ovarian high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) and to determine whether Ki67 expression can predict responsiveness to platinum and paclitaxel chemotherapy. Results A total of 318 women were included in the analysis and the median follow-up time was 48 months (range, 3–150 months). Ki67 proliferation indices ranged from 3% to 95% with a median of 40%. Using 40% as the cut-off value for the Ki67 index, we classified 141 patients as having low Ki67 expression and 177 patients as having high Ki67 expression. Low Ki67 expression was a predictor of platinum resistance (hazard ratio (HR) 2.85, 95% CI 1.43–5.98, P < 0.001). In the Kaplan-Meier analysis, comparisons of patients with low versus high Ki67 expression demonstrated that low Ki67 expression was significantly associated with decreased progression-free survival (PFS) (22% vs. 34% for 5-year PFS, P < 0.001) and decreased overall survival (OS) (31% vs. 55%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis indicated that low Ki67 expression was associated with decreased PFS (HR 2.98, 95% CI 1.75–6.56, P < 0.001) and decreased OS (HR 1.74, 95% CI 1.38–5.01, P = 0.003). Materials and Methods A retrospective study of patients with stage I-IV primary ovarian HGSC was conducted from January 1, 2002, to December 31, 2012. Ki67 levels were measured via immunohistochemistry (IHC) and analyzed with respect to clinicopathological factors, and a survival analysis was performed. Conclusions HGSC appears to be a heterogeneous disease with different clinical outcomes. Low Ki67 expression (< 40%) in HGSC is significantly associated with platinum resistance and decreased survival.
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803
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Yan H, Tian R, Zhang M, Wu J, Ding M, He J. High expression of long noncoding RNA HULC is a poor predictor of prognosis and regulates cell proliferation in glioma. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 10:113-120. [PMID: 28053545 PMCID: PMC5189971 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s124614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Emerging studies show that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in carcinogenesis. This study investigated the role of lncRNA highly upregulated in liver cancer (HULC) expression in glioma and its clinical significance in glioma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS HULC expression was detected in glioma tissues and cell lines by using real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions. Association between HULC levels and clinicopathological factors and patients prognosis was also analyzed. Expression of HULC was restored and knocked down in glioma cell line U87 by using HULC cDNA and siRNA, respectively. CCK-8 and colony formation assays were used to investigate the role of HULC in the regulation of proliferation of glioma cells. RESULTS HULC was highly expressed in glioma tissues, being closely related to age and grade of glioma. Univariate survival analysis demonstrated that high HULC levels were significantly associated with overall survival (OS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.422; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.220-0.806; P=0.009), and it remained an independent predictor for OS (HR, 0.340; 95% CI, 0.175-0.659; P=0.001) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. Functionally, forced expression of HULC results in increased cell proliferation and colony formation of U87 glioma cell line, whereas knockdown of HULC expression reduced these oncogenic properties of glioma cells. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that HULC may play an important role in glioma progression and will be further evaluated as a biomarker for predicting the survival of glioma patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yan
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Tian
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ding
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie He
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Provincial Hospital affiliated to Anhui Medical University and Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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804
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Chen L, Kurtyka CA, Welsh EA, Rivera JI, Engel BE, Muñoz-Antonia T, Yoder SJ, Eschrich SA, Creelan BC, Chiappori AA, Gray JE, Ramirez JL, Rosell R, Schabath MB, Haura EB, Chen DT, Cress DW. Early2 factor (E2F) deregulation is a prognostic and predictive biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:82254-82265. [PMID: 27756884 PMCID: PMC5347689 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinicians routinely prescribe adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) for resected non-small cell lung cancer patients. However, ACT only improves five-year disease-free survival in stage I-III non-small cell lung cancer by 5-15%, with most patients deriving no benefit. Herein, deregulation of the E2F pathway was explored as a biomarker in lung adenocarcinoma patients. An E2F pathway scoring system, based on 74 E2F-regulated genes, was trained for RNA from two platforms: fresh-frozen (FF) or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues. The E2F score was tested as a prognostic biomarker in five FF-based cohorts and two FFPE-based cohorts. The E2F score was tested as a predictive biomarker in two randomized clinical trials; JBR10 and the NATCH (Neo-Adjuvant Taxol-Carboplatin Hope) trial. The E2F score was prognostic in untreated patients in all seven datasets examined (p < 0.05). Stage-specific analysis of combined cohorts demonstrated that the E2F score was prognostic in stage I patients (p = 0.0495 to <0.001; hazard ratio, HR, =2.04- 2.22) with a similar trend in other stages. The E2F score was strongly predictive in stage II patients from the two combined randomized clinical trials with a significant differential treatment effect (p = 0.015). Specifically, ACT improved survival in stage II patients with high E2F (p = 0.01; HR= 0.21). The 5-year survival increased from 18% to 81%. In contrast, in patients with low E2F, 5-year survival was 57% in untreated patients and 41% in ACT-treated patients with a HR of 1.55 (p = 0.47). In summary, the E2F score provides valuable prognostic information for Stage I and predictive information for Stage II lung adenocarcinoma patients and should be further explored as a decision support tool for their treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Courtney A Kurtyka
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Eric A Welsh
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jason I Rivera
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Brienne E Engel
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | | | - Sean J Yoder
- Molecular Genomics Core Facility, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Steven A Eschrich
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ben C Creelan
- Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Alberto A Chiappori
- Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jhanelle E Gray
- Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Jose Luis Ramirez
- Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rafael Rosell
- Cancer Biology & Precision Medicine Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Matthew B Schabath
- Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Eric B Haura
- Thoracic Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Dung-Tsa Chen
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Douglas W Cress
- Cancer Biology and Evolution, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
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805
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Liu X, Tan XL, Xia M, Wu C, Song J, Wu JJ, Laurence A, Xie QG, Zhang MZ, Liang HF, Zhang BX, Chen XP. Loss of 11βHSD1 enhances glycolysis, facilitates intrahepatic metastasis, and indicates poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016; 7:2038-53. [PMID: 26700460 PMCID: PMC4811515 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
11Beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11βHSD1), converting glucocorticoids from hormonally inactive cortisone to active cortisol, plays an essential role in glucose homeostasis. Accumulating evidence suggests that enhanced glycolytic activity is closely associated with postoperative recurrence and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Whether 11βHSD1 contributes to HCC metastasis and recurrence remains unclear. Here we found that expression of 11βHSD1 in human HCC (310 pairs) was frequently decreased compared to the adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissues (ANT), which correlated well with the intrahepatic-metastatic index, serum glycemia, and other malignant clinicopathological characteristics of HCC and predicted poor prognosis. Knockdown of 11βHSD1 in BEL-7402 cells drastically reduced the pH of culture medium and induced cell death. Meanwhile, overexpression of 11βHSD1 in SMMC-7721 HCC cells resulted in repression of cell migration, invasion, angiogenesis, and proliferation in vitro. When transferred into BALB/c nude mice, 11βHSD1 overexpression resulted in decreased intrahepatic metastasis, angiogenesis, and tumor size. F-18-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose accumulation assay measured by positron emission tomography elucidated that 11βHSD1 reduced glucose uptake and glycolysis in SMMC-7721 cells in vitro, and intrahepatic metastasis foci and subcutaneous tumor growth in vivo. We showed that 11βHSD1 repressed cell metastasis, angiogenesis and proliferation of HCC by causing disruption of glycolysis via the HIF-1α and c-MYC pathways. In conclusion, 11βHSD1 inhibits the intrahepatic metastasis of HCC via restriction of tumor glycolysis activity and may serve as a prognostic biomarker for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Long Tan
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Meng Xia
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Chao Wu
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jia Song
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wu
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Arian Laurence
- The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Qing-Guo Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ming-Zhi Zhang
- Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hui-Fang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bi-Xiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao-Ping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Centre, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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806
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Goltz D, Gevensleben H, Dietrich J, Dietrich D. PD-L1 ( CD274) promoter methylation predicts survival in colorectal cancer patients. Oncoimmunology 2016; 6:e1257454. [PMID: 28197377 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1257454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluates promoter methylation of the programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) as a biomarker in a cohort of 383 colorectal cancer patients. PD-L1 methylation (mPD-L1) was inversely correlated with PD-L1 mRNA expression (p = 0.001) and was associated with significantly shorter overall survival (OS, p = 0.003) and recurrence-free survival (RFS, p < 0.001). In age-stratified multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses including sex, tumor, nodal, distant metastasis categories, microsatellite instability (MSI)-status, and PD-L1 mRNA, mPD-L1 is classified as an independent prognostic factor (OS: p = 0.030; RFS: p < 0.001). Further studies are needed to evaluate PD-L1 methylation as a biomarker for response prediction of immunotherapies targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Goltz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jörn Dietrich
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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807
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an epithelial cell malignancy arising from bile ducts and/or peribiliary glands. Even though it is considered as a rare neoplasm, its incidence is raising, particularly in developed countries. Prognosis is generally poor with few patients who present the inclusion criteria for surgery (the mainstay treatment for this tumour). Several genetic alterations potentially driving tumour progression have been described, representing a possible target for new compounds. Areas covered: A clinical trial search in Clinicaltrials.gov encompassing a literature search in PubMed and ASCO/ESMO Websites was undertaken in March 2016. Expert opinion: Notwithstanding a large number of drug tested, results are still disappointing. The main reasons could be the low number of patients enrolled in trials, and the lack of a patient selection based on the biological profile of the tumours. Potential active drugs could have been discharged simply because beneficial in a particular subgroup of patients and not in un unselected population. The future direction of the research should consider biomarker evaluation in order to describe the genetic alteration/s that drive tumour progression and aggressiveness and the mechanisms of drug resistance. Finally, it will be of great interest to consider the results of immunotherapy whenever available.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tampellini
- a Department of Oncology, AOU San Luigi di Orbassano , University of Turin , Torino , Italy
| | - A La Salvia
- a Department of Oncology, AOU San Luigi di Orbassano , University of Turin , Torino , Italy
| | - G V Scagliotti
- a Department of Oncology, AOU San Luigi di Orbassano , University of Turin , Torino , Italy
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808
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Tzouvelekis A, Herazo-Maya JD, Slade M, Chu JH, Deiuliis G, Ryu C, Li Q, Sakamoto K, Ibarra G, Pan H, Gulati M, Antin-Ozerkis D, Herzog EL, Kaminski N. Validation of the prognostic value of MMP-7 in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respirology 2016; 22:486-493. [PMID: 27761978 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive disease with poor prognosis and variable clinical course. Although matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) is emerging as an important IPF biomarker, reproducibility across studies is unclear. We aimed to determine whether a previously reported prognostic threshold for MMP-7 was predictive of mortality in an independent cohort of IPF patients. METHODS MMP-7 concentrations obtained from heparinized plasma samples were determined by ELISA in 97 patients with IPF and 41 healthy controls. The association of the previously published heparin plasma MMP-7 threshold of 12.1 ng/mL with all-cause mortality or transplant-free survival (TFS) was determined, either as an independent biomarker or as part of the modified personal clinical and molecular mortality index (m-PCMI). RESULTS MMP-7 plasma concentrations were significantly higher in IPF patients compared to healthy controls (14.40 ± 6.55 ng/mL vs 6.03 ± 2.51 ng/mL, P < 0.001). The plasma MMP-7 threshold of 12.1 ng/mL was significantly associated with both all-cause mortality and TFS (unadjusted Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) = 25.85 and 15.49, 95% CI: 10.91-61.23 and 5.41-44.34, respectively, P < 0.001). MMP-7 concentrations, split by 12.1 ng/mL, were significantly (P < 0.05) predictive of mortality and TFS after adjusting for age, gender, smoking and baseline pulmonary function parameters, in a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. MMP-7 concentrations were negatively correlated with diffusing lung capacity of carbon monoxide (DLCO ) (r = -0.21, P = 0.02), and positively with a mortality risk scoring system (GAP) that combines age, gender, forced vital capacity (FVC) and DLCO (r = 0.32, P = 0.001). CONCLUSION This study confirms that MMP-7 concentrations could be used to accurately predict outcomes across cohorts and centres, when similar collection protocols are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyris Tzouvelekis
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jose D Herazo-Maya
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Martin Slade
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jen-Hwa Chu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Giuseppe Deiuliis
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Changwan Ryu
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qin Li
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Koji Sakamoto
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gabriel Ibarra
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Hongyi Pan
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mridu Gulati
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Danielle Antin-Ozerkis
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Erica L Herzog
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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809
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Bii VM, Rae DT, Trobridge GD. A novel gammaretroviral shuttle vector insertional mutagenesis screen identifies SHARPIN as a breast cancer metastasis gene and prognostic biomarker. Oncotarget 2016; 6:39507-20. [PMID: 26506596 PMCID: PMC4741842 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of malignancy among U.S. women. Metastasis results in a poor prognosis and increased mortality, but the molecular mechanisms by which metastatic tumors occur are not well understood. Identifying the genes that drive the metastatic process could provide targets for improved therapy and biomarkers to improve BC patient outcomes. Using a forward mutagenesis screen, BC cells mutagenized with a replication-incompetent gammaretroviral vector (γRV) were xenotransplanted into the mammary fat pad of immunodeficient mice. In this approach the vector provirus dysregulates nearby genes, providing a selective advantage to transduced cells to form metastases. Metastatic tumors were analyzed for proviral integration sites to identify nearby candidate metastasis genes. The γRV has a transgene cassette that allows for rescue in bacteria and rapid identification of vector integration sites. Using this approach, we identified the previously described metastasis gene WWTR1 (TAZ), and three other novel candidate metastasis genes including SHARPIN. SHARPIN was independently validated in vivo as a BC metastasis gene. Analysis of patient data showed that SHARPIN expression predicts metastasis-free survival after adjuvant therapy. Our approach has broad potential to identify genes involved in oncogenic processes for BC and other cancers. We show here it can identify both known (WWTR1) and novel (SHARPIN) BC metastasis genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor M Bii
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, WSU Spokane, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Dustin T Rae
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, WSU Spokane, Spokane, WA, USA
| | - Grant D Trobridge
- Washington State University College of Pharmacy, WSU Spokane, Spokane, WA, USA.,School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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810
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Goltz D, Gevensleben H, Dietrich J, Ellinger J, Landsberg J, Kristiansen G, Dietrich D. Promoter methylation of the immune checkpoint receptor PD-1 ( PDCD1) is an independent prognostic biomarker for biochemical recurrence-free survival in prostate cancer patients following radical prostatectomy. Oncoimmunology 2016; 5:e1221555. [PMID: 27853645 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1221555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2016] [Revised: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers that facilitate the prediction of disease recurrence in prostate cancer (PCa) may enable physicians to personalize treatment for individual patients. In the current study, PD-1 (PDCD1) promoter methylation was assessed in a cohort of 498 PCa patients included in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and a second cohort of 300 PCa cases treated at the University Hospital of Bonn. In the TCGA cohort, the PD-1 promoter was significantly hypermethylated in carcinomas versus normal prostatic epithelium (55.5% vs. 38.2%, p < 0.001) and PD-1 methylation (mPD-1) inversely correlated with PD-1 mRNA expression in PCa (Spearman's ρ = -0.415, p < 0.001). In both cohorts, mPD-1 significantly correlated with preoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA). In univariate Cox Proportional Hazard analysis, mPD-1 served as a significant prognostic factor for biochemical recurrence (BCR)-free survival (Hazard ratio: HR = 2.35 [1.35-4.10], p = 0.003, n = 410) in the TCGA cohort. In multivariate analysis, mPD-1 was shown to add significant independent prognostic information adjunct to pathologic tumor category (pT) and Gleason grading group (HR = 2.08 [1.16-3.74], p = 0.014, n = 350). PD-1 promoter methylation analyses could thus potentially aid the identification of patients which might benefit from adjuvant treatment after radical prostatectomy. Moreover, our data suggest an intrinsic role of PD-1 in PCa carcinogenesis and disease progression, which needs to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane Goltz
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Jörn Dietrich
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | - Jörg Ellinger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Glen Kristiansen
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn , Bonn, Germany
| | - Dimo Dietrich
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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811
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Lv QL, Hu L, Chen SH, Sun B, Fu ML, Qin CZ, Qu Q, Wang GH, He CJ, Zhou HH. A Long Noncoding RNA ZEB1-AS1 Promotes Tumorigenesis and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Glioma. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1431. [PMID: 27589728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging studies show that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have important roles in carcinogenesis. lncRNA ZEB1 antisense 1 (ZEB1-AS1) is a novel lncRNA, whose clinical significance, biological function, and underlying mechanism remains unclear in glioma. Here, we found that ZEB1-AS1 was highly expressed in glioma tissues, being closely related to clinical stage of glioma. Moreover, patients with high ZEB1-AS1 levels had poor prognoses, with the evidence provided by multivariate Cox regression analysis indicating that ZEB1-AS1 expression could serve as an independent prognostic factor in glioma patients. Functionally, silencing of ZEB1-AS1 could significantly inhibit cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as promote apoptosis. Knockdown of ZEB1-AS1 significantly induced the G0/G1 phase arrest and correspondingly decreased the percentage of S phase cells. Further analysis indicated that ZEB1-AS1 could regulate the cell cycle by inhibiting the expression of G1/S transition key regulators, such as Cyclin D1 and CDK2. Furthermore, ZEB1-AS1 functioned as an important regulator of migration and invasion via activating epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) through up-regulating the expression of ZEB1, MMP2, MMP9, N-cadherin, and Integrin-β1 as well as decreasing E-cadherin levels in the metastatic progression of glioma. Additionally, forced down-regulation of ZEB1-AS1 could dramatically promote apoptosis by increasing the expression level of Bax and reducing Bcl-2 expression in glioma. Taken together, our data suggest that ZEB1-AS1 may serve as a new prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of glioma.
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812
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Garg AD, Elsen S, Krysko DV, Vandenabeele P, de Witte P, Agostinis P. Resistance to anticancer vaccination effect is controlled by a cancer cell-autonomous phenotype that disrupts immunogenic phagocytic removal. Oncotarget 2016; 6:26841-60. [PMID: 26314964 PMCID: PMC4694957 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a well-established instigator of ‘anti-cancer vaccination-effect (AVE)’. ICD has shown considerable preclinical promise, yet there remain subset of cancer patients that fail to respond to clinically-applied ICD inducers. Non-responsiveness to ICD inducers could be explained by the existence of cancer cell-autonomous, anti-AVE resistance mechanisms. However such resistance mechanisms remain poorly investigated. In this study, we have characterized for the first time, a naturally-occurring preclinical cancer model (AY27) that exhibits intrinsic anti-AVE resistance despite treatment with ICD inducers like mitoxantrone or hypericin-photodynamic therapy. Further mechanistic analysis revealed that this anti-AVE resistance was associated with a defect in exposing the important ‘eat me’ danger signal, surface-calreticulin (ecto-CRT/CALR). In an ICD setting, this defective ecto-CRT further correlated with severely reduced phagocytic clearance of AY27 cells as well as the failure of these cells to activate AVE. Defective ecto-CRT in response to ICD induction was a result of low endogenous CRT protein levels (i.e. CRTlow-phenotype) in AY27 cells. Exogenous reconstitution of ecto-rCRT (recombinant-CRT) improved the phagocytic removal of ICD inducer-treated AY27 cells, and importantly, significantly increased their AVE-activating ability. Moreover, we found that a subset of cancer patients of various cancer-types indeed possessed CALRlow or CRTlow-tumours. Remarkably, we found that tumoural CALRhigh-phenotype was predictive of positive clinical responses to therapy with ICD inducers (radiotherapy and paclitaxel) in lung and ovarian cancer patients, respectively. Furthermore, only in the ICD clinical setting, tumoural CALR levels positively correlated with the levels of various phagocytosis-associated genes relevant for phagosome maturation or processing. Thus, we reveal the existence of a cancer cell-autonomous, anti-AVE or anti-ICD resistance mechanism that has profound clinical implications for anticancer immunotherapy and cancer predictive biomarker analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sanne Elsen
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dmitri V Krysko
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Vandenabeele
- Molecular Signaling and Cell Death Unit, Department for Molecular Biomedical Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter de Witte
- Laboratory for Molecular Biodiscovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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813
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Peng GL, Tao YL, Wu QN, Zhang Y, He JX. Positive expression of protein chromosome 9 open reading frame 86 (C9orf86) correlated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer patients. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:1449-59. [PMID: 27499931 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.04.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosome 9 open reading frame 86 (C9orf86) is a novel subfamily of GTPases. Previous studies have implicated C9orf86 as a potential oncogene. METHODS C9orf86 expression was detected in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines and human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cell lines by RT-PCR and western blotting. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to detect 180 consecutive NSCLC specimens and 16 normal lung tissues. The correlation between C9orf86 expression and clinicopathological parameters was evaluated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox hazards ratio models were used to estimate the effect of C9orf86 expression on survival. RESULTS C9orf86 was expressed in the cytoplasm in 74 of 180 (41.11%) NSCLC specimens. In clinical pathology analysis, C9orf86 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and clinical stage significantly (P<0.05). Multivariable analysis confirmed that C9orf86 expression increased the risk of death after adjusting for other clinicopathological factors (P<0.01). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were significantly prolonged in the C9orf86 negative group compared to the C9orf86 positive group (P<0.001). Adjuvant chemotherapy prolonged OS and DFS in resected NSCLC patients with C9orf86 negative expression (P<0.001) but not C9orf86 positive. CONCLUSIONS Positive expression of C9orf86 is an independent prognostic factor for NSCLC patients, and C9orf86 may serve as a prognostic biomarker for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Lin Peng
- The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;; Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ya-Lan Tao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qi-Nian Wu
- Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jian-Xing He
- The First Clinical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;; Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
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814
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Lennerz JK, Hoffmann K, Bubolz AM, Lessel D, Welke C, Rüther N, Viardot A, Möller P. Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 gene mutation status as a prognostic biomarker in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Oncotarget 2016; 6:29097-110. [PMID: 26336985 PMCID: PMC4745714 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) mutations are among the most frequent somatic mutations in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL), yet their prognostic relevance in cHL is unexplored. Here, we performed laser-capture microdissection of Hodgkin/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells from tumor samples in a cohort of 105 cHL patients. Full-length SOCS1 gene sequencing showed mutations in 61% of all cases (n = 64/105). Affected DNA-motifs and mutation pattern suggest that many of these SOCS1 mutations are the result of aberrant somatic hypermutation and we confirmed expression of mutant alleles at the RNA level. Contingency analysis showed no significant differences of patient-characteristics with HRS-cells containing mutant vs. wild-type SOCS1. By predicted mutational consequence, mutations can be separated into those with non-truncating point mutations (‘minor’ n = 49/64 = 77%) and those with length alteration (‘major’; n = 15/64 = 23%). Subgroups did not differ in clinicopathological characteristics; however, patients with HRS-cells that contained SOCS1 major mutations suffered from early relapse and significantly shorter overall survival (P = 0.03). The SOCS1 major status retained prognostic significance in uni-(P = 0.016) and multivariate analyses (P = 0.005). Together, our data indicate that the SOCS1 mutation type qualifies as a single-gene prognostic biomarker in cHL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen K Lennerz
- Ulm University, Institute of Pathology, Ulm, Germany.,Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Department of Pathology, Center for Integrated Diagnostics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Karl Hoffmann
- Ulm University, Institute of Pathology, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Freiburg Medical Center, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Davor Lessel
- Ulm University, Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm, Germany.,University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Human Genetics, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Welke
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Nele Rüther
- Ulm University, Institute of Pathology, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andreas Viardot
- Ulm University, Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Ulm University, Institute of Pathology, Ulm, Germany
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815
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Qian D, Cheng J, Ding X, Chen X, Chen X, Guan Y, Zhang B, Wang J, Er P, Qiu M, Zeng X, Guo Y, Wang H, Zhao L, Xie D, Yuan Z, Wang P, Pang Q. PinX1 suppresses tumorigenesis by negatively regulating telomerase/telomeres in colorectal carcinoma cells and is a promising molecular marker for patient prognosis. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:4821-31. [PMID: 27536146 PMCID: PMC4976919 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s103141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PinX1 plays positive and negative roles in the maintenance of telomerase and telomeres, as well as in tumorigenesis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression and clinical significance of PinX1 in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) and to determine the effect of PinX1 on CRC cell proliferation and apoptosis. A total of 86 CRC patients treated with radical resection and 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in this study. The expression dynamics of PinX1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in the CRC patients and 25 normal colonic mucosa controls. PinX1 expression was significantly reduced in tumor tissues as compared to normal tissues, and the rate of PinX1 protein low/negative expression in CRC and normal tissues was 60% (52/86) and 24% (6/25), respectively (P=0.037). In addition, PinX1 downregulation was significantly associated with short overall survival (P=0.016) and disease-free survival (P=0.042) in CRC patients. Cox proportional hazards model further revealed that PinX1 expression was an independent factor in predicting overall survival and disease-free survival for CRC patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ectopic overexpression of PinX1 in CRC cells inhibited their proliferation, promoted apoptosis, repressed telomerase activity, and induced telomere shortening. These findings suggest that PinX1 may be a prognostic biomarker for CRC patients’ survival and that it inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis by repressing telomerase activity and inducing telomere shortening. Targeting PinX1 may therefore provide a novel therapeutic strategy for CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiefu Wang
- Department of Colorectal Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dan Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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816
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Wang W, Huang P, Wu P, Kong R, Xu J, Zhang L, Yang Q, Xie Q, Zhang L, Zhou X, Chen L, Xie H, Zhou L, Zheng S. BCL6B expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and its efficacy in the inhibition of liver damage and fibrogenesis. Oncotarget 2015; 6:20252-65. [PMID: 25970780 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
B cell CLL/lymphoma 6 member B (BCL6B) is expressed in many normal tissues but expressed at very low levels in cancer tissues. It was reported that BCL6B inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastases, but the exact role of BCL6B in HCC remains to be investigated. BCL6B expression was significantly decreased in HCC tissues compared with paired non-cancer tissues. Low BCL6B expression in tumors was correlated with shorter overall survival in patients, and multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that BCL6B expression was an independent prognostic factor for human HCC patients. Moreover, a positive correlation between BCL6B expression and hepatic cirrhosis was found in an analysis of HCC clinicopathological characteristics. BCL6B expression was increased in rat fibrotic liver samples in response to liver injury. BCL6B transgenic rats were less susceptible to hepatocellular damage, inflammation and fibrosis. In vitro studies demonstrated that BCL6B inhibited the activation of hepatic stellate cells though upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor. In addition, transcriptomic microarray analysis was performed to explore the mechanisms in which BCL6B confers protection from tumorigenesis. In conclusion, BCL6B plays a pivotal role as a prognostic biomarker for HCC, and the restoration of BCL6B may be a novel strategy as an anti-fibrogenic therapy for human HCC.
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817
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Xia Y, Liu L, Xiong Y, Bai Q, Wang J, Xi W, Qu Y, Xu J, Guo J. Podoplanin associates with adverse postoperative prognosis of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2016; 107:1243-9. [PMID: 27389969 PMCID: PMC5021026 DOI: 10.1111/cas.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Podoplanin, a transmembrane sialomucin-like glycoprotein, was recently shown to be involved in tumor progression and metastasis, and its potential role in facilitating platelet-based tumor embolization and promigratory phenotype of cancer cells was also demonstrated. In this study, we assessed the clinical significance of tumoral podoplanin expression in 295 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) through immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays and analyzing the staining intensity. Univariate analysis suggested an adverse prognostic effect of high tumoral podoplanin expression on patients' overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P < 0.001 for both). In the multivariate analysis, high tumoral podoplanin expression (using staining intensity as either a continuous or dichotomous variable) was still an independent adverse prognostic factor for patient survival (OS, P < 0.001, RFS, P < 0.001 for continuous; OS, P < 0.001, RFS, P = 0.002 for dichotomous). Moreover, stratified analysis identified a higher prognostic power in the intermediate/high risk patient groups. After utilizing those parameters in the validated multivariate analysis, two nomograms were constructed to predict ccRCC patients' OS and RFS (c-index 0.815 and 0.805, respectively), and performed better than existing integrated models (P < 0.001 for all comparisons). In conclusion, high tumoral podoplanin expression could independently predict an adverse clinical outcome for ccRCC patients, and it might be useful in future for clinical decision-making and therapeutic developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xia
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Bai
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajun Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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818
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Komatsu H, Iguchi T, Masuda T, Ueda M, Kidogami S, Ogawa Y, Nambara S, Sato K, Hu Q, Saito T, Hirata H, Sakimura S, Uchi R, Hayashi N, Ito S, Eguchi H, Sugimachi K, Eguchi H, Doki Y, Mori M, Mimori K. HOXB7 Expression is a Novel Biomarker for Long-term Prognosis After Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:2767-2773. [PMID: 27272787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Homeobox B7 (HOXB7) gene is involved in various cellular functions. We investigated the clinical significance of HOXB7 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS HOXB7 mRNA expression in 103 HCC samples and 58 matched non-cancerous liver tissues were examined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). HOXB7 protein expression was also examined by immunohistochemistry. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed using a public dataset. RESULTS HOXB7 expression was significantly higher in HCC tissues than in liver parenchyma. Ten-year overall survival (OS) and 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) of cases with higher HOXB7 expression were significantly poorer than those with lower HOXB7 expression. HOXB7 expression was significantly associated with larger tumor size and higher rate of biliary invasion and constituted an independent prognostic factor for OS by multivariate analysis. These results were supported by GSEA. CONCLUSION HOXB7 expression in HCC could be a novel biomarker for long-term prognosis after tumor resection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisateru Komatsu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Iguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Takaaki Masuda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Masami Ueda
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Shinya Kidogami
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yushi Ogawa
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Sho Nambara
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Sato
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Quingjang Hu
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Tomoko Saito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Hidenari Hirata
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Shotaro Sakimura
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Uchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Naoki Hayashi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Shuhei Ito
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Keishi Sugimachi
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
| | - Hidetoshi Eguchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Doki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Masaki Mori
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan
| | - Koshi Mimori
- Department of Surgery, Kyushu University Beppu Hospital, Beppu, Japan
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819
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Fu L, Shi J, Hu K, Wang J, Wang W, Ke X. Mitogen-activated protein kinase binding protein 1 (MAPKBP1) is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8144-54. [PMID: 25924238 PMCID: PMC4480741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase binding protein 1 (MAPKBP1) is a key transcription factor in the NF-κB signalling pathway. In this study, associations between MAPKBP1 expression and molecular and clinical characteristics were evaluated by several microarray datasets. We found that MAPKBP1 was over-expressed in cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML) patients compared to normal bone marrow. High MAPKBP1 expression (MAPKBP1high) was associated with significantly shorter event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.0004) and overall survival (OS; P = 0.0006) than low MAPKBP1 expression (MAPKBP1low) in a cohort of 157 CN-AML patients. In multivariable analyses, MAPKBP1high remained associated with shorter EFS (P = 0.003) and OS (P = 0.01). Validation in an independent cohort of 162 CN-AML patients further confirmed the prognostic value of MAPKBP1 (OS, P = 0.00172). Gene-expression profiling revealed that some important oncogenes, including MYCN, MYB, CDK6 and CCND2, etc, were up-regulated, while cell signalling pathways leading to apoptosis, antigen processing, and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity were down-regulated in MAPKBP1high patients with CN-AML. MicroRNA expression profiling revealed thatsome oncogenic microRNAsincluding miR-155 and miR-126 were up-regulated, whilst anti-oncogenic microRNAsincluding miR-148a and miR-193a were down-regulated in MAPKBP1high patients with CN-AML, which may underlie the pathological processes in this malignancy. Taken together, these findings suggest MAPKBP1highis a novel, unfavourably prognostic biomarker for CN-AML risk-stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinlong Shi
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jijun Wang
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Weidong Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ke
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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820
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Tasaki S, Horiguchi A, Asano T, Kuroda K, Sato A, Asakuma J, Ito K, Asano T, Asakura H. Preoperative serum docosahexaenoic acid level predicts prognosis of renal cell carcinoma. Mol Clin Oncol 2016; 5:69-73. [PMID: 27330769 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2016.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent discovery and clinical development of targeted agents have expanded treatment options in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC). However, metastatic RCC remains a lethal disease. Complete response is rare and treatment with targeted agents eventually fails in the majority of the patients. Therefore, there is a need for developing a prognostic tool and a novel therapeutic agent for RCC to improve the follow-up strategy after surgical treatment. Clinical data, including patient characteristics, serum fatty acid profile, clinicopathological parameters and clinical outcome, were obtained from 112 patients with RCC prior to surgical treatment. Preoperative fatty acid levels were grouped according to patient characteristics, such as performance status, body mass index or pathological parameters, and were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. Cancer-specific survival in the high and low docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) level groups were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox proportional hazards models were applied to determine the independent prognostic factors associated with shortened cancer-specific survival. The serum DHA level in patients with metastasis was significantly lower compared with that in patients without metastasis (P=0.047). Low serum DHA level, presence of metastasis and cachexia were independent predictors of shortened cancer-specific survival in a multivariate Cox proportional hazard model (P=0.033, hazard ratio = 4.43). Patients with a serum DHA level below the median value exhibited significantly shorter cancer-specific survival compared with those with a higher serum DHA level (P=0.008). Thus, according to our results, the preoperative serum DHA level may be able to predict the surgical outcome of RCC. However, this finding requires validation by large-scale prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Tasaki
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan; Department of Urology, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
| | - Akio Horiguchi
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Takako Asano
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Kenji Kuroda
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Akinori Sato
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Junichi Asakuma
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Keiichi Ito
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Asano
- Department of Urology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Asakura
- Department of Urology, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama 350-0495, Japan
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821
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Sun X, Clermont PL, Jiao W, Helgason CD, Gout PW, Wang Y, Qu S. Elevated expression of the centromere protein-A(CENP-A)-encoding gene as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in human cancers. Int J Cancer 2016; 139:899-907. [PMID: 27062469 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.30133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Centromere protein-A (CENP-A), a histone-H3 variant, plays an essential role in cell division by ensuring proper formation and function of centromeres and kinetochores. Elevated CENP-A expression has been associated with cancer development. This study aimed to establish whether elevated CENP-A expression can be used as a prognostic and predictive cancer biomarker. Molecular profiling of CENP-A in human cancers was investigated using genomic, transcriptomic and patient information from databases, including COSMIC, Oncomine, Kaplan-Meier plotter and cBioPortal. A network of CENP-A co-expressed genes was derived from cBioPortal and analyzed using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) and Oncomine protocols to explore the function of CENP-A and its predictive potential. Transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of CENP-A expression was analyzed in silico. It was found that CENP-A expression was elevated in 20 types of solid cancer compared with normal counterparts. Elevated CENP-A expression highly correlated with cancer progression and poor patient outcome. Genomic analysis indicated that the elevated CENP-A expression was not due to alterations in the sequence or copy number of the CENP-A gene. Furthermore, CENP-A can be regulated by key oncogenic proteins and tumor-suppressive microRNAs. CENP-A co-expression network analysis indicated that CENP-A function is associated with cell cycle progression. Oncomine analysis showed a strong correlation between elevated CENP-A expression and oncolytic response of breast cancer patients to taxane-based chemotherapy. In conclusion, elevated CENP-A expression is coupled to malignant progression of numerous types of cancer. It may be useful as a biomarker of poor patient prognosis and as a predictive biomarker for taxane-based chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pier-Luc Clermont
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Wenlin Jiao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cheryl D Helgason
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter W Gout
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Vancouver Prostate Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sifeng Qu
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Vancouver Prostate Center, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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822
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Hu L, Lv QL, Chen SH, Sun B, Qu Q, Cheng L, Guo Y, Zhou HH, Fan L. Up-Regulation of Long Non-Coding RNA AB073614 Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Glioma. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:433. [PMID: 27104549 PMCID: PMC4847095 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13040433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been found in human diseases, especially in cancer. Emerging evidence indicates that dysregulated lncRNAs are implicated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. LncRNA AB073614 characterized as a new candidate lncRNA promotes the development of ovarian cancer. However, the role of lncRNA AB073614 in human gliomas remains unknown. The expression of AB073614 was detected in 65 glioma tissues and 13 normal brain tissues by qRT-PCR, showing that lncRNA AB073614 expression was significantly up-regulated in cancerous tissues compared with normal brain tissues (p < 0.001), and it was positively correlated with tumor grade (I-II grades vs. III-IV grades, p = 0.013) in glioma patients. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that increased AB073614 expression contributed to poor overall survival (HR (hazard ratio) = 1.952, 95%CI: 1.202-3.940, p = 0.0129). Further, univariate Cox regression analysis indicated that lncRNA AB073614 overexpression was an unfavorable prognostic factor in gliomas (HR = 1.997, 95%CI: 1.135-3.514, p = 0.016), regardless of the tumor grade (I-II grades vs. III-IV grades, HR = 1.902, 95%CI: 1.066-3.391, p = 0.029). Finally, after adjustment with age, sex, tumor grade and tumor location, multivariate Cox regression analysis suggested that both highly expressed lncRNA AB073614 (HR = 2.606, 95%CI: 1.408-4.824, p = 0.002) and high tumor grade (III-IV grades, HR = 2.720, 95%CI: 1.401-5.282, p = 0.003) could be considered independent poor prognostic indicators for glioma patients. In conclusion, our study suggested that increased lncRNA AB073614 expression may be identified as a poor prognostic biomarker in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Qiao-Li Lv
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Shu-Hui Chen
- Department of Oncology, Changsha Central Hospital, Changsha 410006, China.
| | - Bao Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Qiang Qu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Hong-Hao Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Lan Fan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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823
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Mann JFE, Rossing P, Wiȩcek A, Rosivall L, Mark P, Mayer G. Diagnosis and treatment of early renal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: what are the clinical needs? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2016. [PMID: 26209731 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfv120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Renal disease is prevalent in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Aggressive metabolic control and lowering of systemic and/or intraglomerular blood pressure are effective interventions but not without side effects. Thus a better, early identification of patients at risk for incidence or progression to end-stage renal failure by the use of new, validated biomarkers is highly desirable. In the majority of patients, hypertension and hyperglycaemia are pathogenetically important pathways for the progression of renal disease. Nonetheless even aggressive therapy targeting these factors does not eliminate the risk of end-stage renal failure and experimental evidence suggests that many other pathways (e.g. tubulointerstitial hypoxia or inflammation etc.) also contribute. As their individual importance might vary from patient to patient, interventions which interfere are likely not to be therapeutically effective in all subjects. In this situation, an option to preserve the statistical power of clinical trials is to rely on biomarkers that reflect individual pathophysiology. In current clinical practice, albuminuria is the biomarker that has been best evaluated to guide stratified/personalized therapy but there is a clear need to expand our diagnostic abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes F E Mann
- Department of Medicine IV, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Andrzej Wiȩcek
- Department of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - László Rosivall
- Institute of Pathophysiology, International Nephrology Research and Training Center Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Patrick Mark
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Gert Mayer
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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824
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Liu WS, Liu YD, Fu Q, Zhang WJ, Xu L, Chang Y, Xu JJ. Prognostic significance of ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein expression in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:797-805. [PMID: 27186431 PMCID: PMC4859884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase hinge protein (UQCRH), as a connecter between cytochrome c1 with cytochrome c in complex III of respiratory chain, is top-ranked hypermethylated gene in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). This study aims to evaluate the impact of UQCRH on recurrence and survival of 424 ccRCC patients enrolled retrospectively from a single institution after surgical resection using immunohistochemistry method. UQCRH was specifically downregulated in ccRCC, compared with papillary and chromophobe RCC. Moreover, patients with low UQCRH were prone to possess high T stage and TNM stage and associated with poor survival and early recurrence. UQCRH remained an independent favorable prognosticator for OS (Hazard rate [HR]: 0.510, 95% CI: 0.328-0.795, p=0.003) and RFS (HR: 0.506, 95% CI: 0.334-0.767, p=0.001) adjusting with other well-established factors using backward Cox model. Furthermore, in stratified subgroups, patients with low UQCRH had an increased risk of recurrence (HR: 0.452, 95% CI: 0.261-0.783, p=0.005) and mortality (HR: 0.386, 95% CI: 0.205-0.726, p=0.003) in subgroup of early TNM stage. Taken together, UQCRH is a potential independent favorable prognostic factor for recurrence and survival of patients with ccRCC after nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Si Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yi-Dong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Wei-Juan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
| | - Jie-Jie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan UniversityShanghai, China
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825
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Yang L, Wang F, Wang L, Huang L, Wang J, Zhang B, Zhang Y. CD163+ tumor-associated macrophage is a prognostic biomarker and is associated with therapeutic effect on malignant pleural effusion of lung cancer patients. Oncotarget 2016; 6:10592-603. [PMID: 25871392 PMCID: PMC4496378 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play an important role in the progression of cancer. However, the significance of CD163+ TAMs in malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is still unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prognostic value of CD163+ TAMs in MPE, and the regulatory effect of an immune adjuvant (pseudomonas aeruginosa - mannose-sensitive hemagglutinin, PA-MSHA, which is used for MPE treatment in clinic) on CD163+ TAMs in MPE. Here, we found that the percentage of CD163+ TAMs in MPE was significantly higher than that in non-malignant pleural effusion (P<0.001). More importantly, CD163+ TAMs in MPE patients were an independent prognostic factor for progression-free survival. M2-related cytokines were highly expressed in MPE-derived CD163+ TAMs than in MPE-derived CD163− macrophages (P<0.05). CD163+ TAMs frequency in MPE patients was obviously reduced after PA-MSHA treatment in clinic (P<0.05). After treatment with PA-MSHA, M2 macrophages were re-educated to M1 macrophages in vitro. TLR4 blocking antibody inhibited M2 macrophages polarization to M1 macrophages induced by PA-MSHA. These findings highlight that accumulation of CD163+ TAMs in MPE caused by lung cancer is closely correlated with poor prognosis. CD163+ TAMs are associated with therapeutic effect in MPE. PA-MSHA re-educates CD163+ TAMs to M1 macrophages through TLR4-mediated pathway in MPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Respiration, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine-Division of Hematology/Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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826
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Zhao H, Guo L, Zhao H, Zhao J, Weng H, Zhao B. CXCR4 over-expression and survival in cancer: a system review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2015; 6:5022-40. [PMID: 25669980 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is frequently over-expressed in various types of cancer; many agents against CXCR4 are in clinical development currently despite variable data for the prognostic impact of CXCR4 expression. Here eighty-five studies with a total of 11,032 subjects were included to explore the association between CXCR4 and progression-free survival (PFS) or overall survival (OS) in subjects with cancer. Pooled analysis shows that CXCR4 over-expression is significantly associated with poorer PFS (HR 2.04; 95% CI, 1.72-2.42) and OS (HR=1.94; 95% CI, 1.71-2.20) irrespective of cancer types. Subgroup analysis indicates significant association between CXCR4 and shorter PFS in hematological malignancy, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, renal cancer, gynecologic cancer, pancreatic cancer and liver cancer; the prognostic effects remained consistent across age, risk of bias, levels of adjustment, median follow-up period, geographical area, detection methods, publication year and size of studies. CXCR4 over-expression predicts unfavorable OS in hematological malignancy, breast cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal cancer, head and neck cancer, renal cancer, lung cancer, gynecologic cancer, liver cancer, prostate cancer and gallbladder cancer; these effects were independence of age, levels of adjustment, publication year, detection methods and follow-up period. In conclusion, CXCR4 over-expression is associated with poor prognosis in cancer.
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827
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Shi JL, Fu L, Wang WD. High expression of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) as a novel biomarker for worse prognosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia. Oncotarget 2016; 6:5299-309. [PMID: 25779662 PMCID: PMC4467150 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor, type 2 (ITPR2) is a key regulator for the activity of calcium ion transmembrane transportation, which plays a critical role in cell cycle and proliferation. However, the clinical impact of ITPR2 in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia (CN-AML) remained unknown. Several microarray datasets were used to evaluate the association between ITPR2 expression and clinical and molecular characteristics. ITPR2 showed a higher expression in CN-AML patients than normal persons. In a cohort of 157 CN-AML patients, high ITPR2 expression (ITPR2high) was associated with dramatically shorter overall survival (OS; P = 0.004) and event-free survival (EFS; P = 0.01), which were also shown in the European Leukemia Net (ELN) intermediate-I genetic category (OS: P = 0.0066; EFS: P = 0.009). Multivariable analyses adjusting for known prognostic factors confirmed ITPR2high to be associated with shorter OS (P = 0.0019) and EFS (P = 0.012). The prognostic value of ITPR2 was further validated in another cohort of 162 CN-AML patients (P = 0.007). In addition, first gene/microRNA expression signatures were derived that associated with ITPR2high on the genome-wide scale, which provided many indications to illustrate the possible mechanisms why ITPR2 could function. These results could aid to identify new targets and design novel therapeutic strategies for CN-AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-long Shi
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Wei-dong Wang
- Medical Engineering Support Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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828
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Huang ZL, Lin ZR, Xiao YR, Cao X, Zhu LC, Zeng MS, Zhong Q, Wen ZS. High expression of TACC3 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma correlates with poor prognosis. Oncotarget 2016; 6:6850-61. [PMID: 25760075 PMCID: PMC4466654 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze the expression of the transforming acidic coiled-coil protein 3 (TACC3) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) samples, and to identify whether TACC3 can serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC, qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry staining (IHC) were utilized to detect the expression of TACC3. Furthermore, cell growth, colony formation, migration ability and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers of ESCC cells in which TACC3 were knocked-down were measured. The mRNA and protein levels of TACC3 were higher in ESCC specimens compared to non-tumorous esophageal epithelial tissues. IHC results revealed TACC3 expression was significantly correlated to differentiation (p = 0.017) and lymphoid nodal status (p = 0.028). The patients with high-expression of TACC3 had a significantly poor prognosis compared to those of low-expression (p = 0.017), especially in the patients at stages I–II (p = 0.028). Multivariate analysis indicated that TACC3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for ESCC patients (p = 0.025). Knockdown of TACC3 inhibited the ability of cell proliferation, colony formation and migration. This study first identifies TACC3 not only as a useful biomarker for diagnose and prognosis of ESCC, but also as a potential therapeutic target for patients with ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Liang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Rui Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ren Xiao
- South China Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin-Chun Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mu-Sheng Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Thoracic Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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829
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Yan W, Qian L, Chen J, Chen W, Shen B. Comparison of Prognostic MicroRNA Biomarkers in Blood and Tissues for Gastric Cancer. J Cancer 2016; 7:95-106. [PMID: 26722365 PMCID: PMC4679386 DOI: 10.7150/jca.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) still keeps up high mortality worldwide with poor prognosis. Efficient and non-invasive prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed. MicroRNAs are non-coding RNAs playing roles in post-transcriptional gene regulation, which contribute to various biological processes such as development, differentiation and carcinogenesis. MicroRNA expression profiles have been associated with the prognosis and outcome in GC. MicroRNA prognostic biomarkers have been identified from blood or tissues samples, but with different prognostic features. Understanding the various roles of microRNAs in different sample sources of GC will provide deep insights into GC progression. In this review, we highlight the distinct prognostic roles of microRNAs biomarkers in blood and tissue according to their relationships with prognostic parameters, survival rates and target pathways. This will be useful for non-invasive biomarker development and selection in prognosis of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenying Yan
- 1. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China; ; 2. Taicang Center for Translational Bioinformatics, Taicang 215400, China; ; 3. Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Laijun Qian
- 4. Daibu Center Hospital, Liyang, 213330, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- 5. School of Chemistry, Biology and Material Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
| | - Weichang Chen
- 1. Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bairong Shen
- 3. Center for Systems Biology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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830
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Polivka J, Polivka J, Repik T, Rohan V, Hes O, Topolcan O. Co-deletion of 1p/19q as Prognostic and Predictive Biomarker for Patients in West Bohemia with Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma. Anticancer Res 2016; 36:471-476. [PMID: 26722084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas (AO) are rare tumors. Two phase III clinical trials (RTOG 9402 and EORTC 26951) proved favorable effects of radiotherapy (RT) with chemotherapy (procarbazine, lomustine and vincristine; PCV) in patients with AO carrying chromosomal mutation of co-deletion1p/19q even if it was not the primary endpoint of these studies. We assessed 1p/19q co-deletion as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for our patients with AO. MATERIALS AND METHODS 1p/19q co-deletion was assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization in tumor samples from 23 patients and correlated with progression-free (PFS) and overall (OS) survival for the entire cohort and for the subgroups of patients with different treatment (neurosurgery plus RT alone vs. RT plus PCV). RESULTS 1p/19q co-deletion was identified in 12 out of 23 tumors (52.2%). Patients with co-deletion had longer OS (587 vs. 132 weeks, p=0.012) and a trend for longer PFS (321 vs. 43 weeks, p=0.075). Patients with co-deletion treated with neurosurgery and RT plus PCV vs. neurosurgery and RT alone also had longer OS (706 vs. 423 weeks, p=0.008). There was no survival difference for patients without 1p/19q co-deletion in relation to treatment. CONCLUSION The prognostic value of 1p/19q co-deletion in our patients with AO was verified. The strong positive predictive value of this biomarker for OS was also shown for patients with co-deletion treated with neurosurgery and RT plus PCV vs. neurosurgery and RT alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiri Polivka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic Department of Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Polivka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Tomas Repik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Rohan
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Hes
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Topolcan
- Department of Central Imunoanalytical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine in Plzen, Charles University in Prague and Faculty Hospital Plzen, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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831
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Böger C, Behrens HM, Röcken C. Ki67--An unsuitable marker of gastric cancer prognosis unmasks intratumoral heterogeneity. J Surg Oncol 2015; 113:46-54. [PMID: 26709194 PMCID: PMC4736456 DOI: 10.1002/jso.24104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives Due to contradictious findings of previous studies regarding Ki67's value in gastric cancer (GC), we reevaluated the expression of Ki67 in whole tissue sections (WTS) and tissue microarrays (TMAs) of GC testing the following hypotheses: does Ki67 show intratumoral heterogeneity; are TMAs representative in the determination of the Ki67 proliferation index (PI); is the Ki67 PI subject to an intralaboratory variability; and is the Ki67 PI related to clinico‐pathological patient characteristics and/or prognostically relevant in GC. Methods Corresponding WTS and TMAs samples from 315 GCs were stained immunohistochemically. The Ki67 PI evaluated on WTS was correlated with the Ki67 PI evaluated on TMAs, sample age, clinico‐pathological characteristics, and patient survival. Results The overall amount of Ki67‐positive tumor cells did not depend on sample age. Three distinct, partly heterogeneous Ki67 expression patterns were observed. The mean Ki67 PI evaluated on TMAs differed on average minus 16.9% from the Ki67 PI evaluated on WTS. Ki67 in WTS correlated significantly with the Laurén phenotype and tumor grade, but not with patient survival. Conclusion TMAs carry the risk of a systematic underestimation of the Ki67 PI. Ki67 has no prognostic value in GC but might be a potential indicator of intratumoral heterogeneity. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:46–54. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Surgical Oncology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Böger
- Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Röcken
- Department of Pathology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany
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832
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Clarke CN, Kopetz ES. BRAF mutant colorectal cancer as a distinct subset of colorectal cancer: clinical characteristics, clinical behavior, and response to targeted therapies. J Gastrointest Oncol 2015; 6:660-7. [PMID: 26697199 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2078-6891.2015.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite new and more effective cytotoxic chemotherapy, limitations to conventional agents have been reached in a subset of patients with advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). The identification of novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers to guide individualized treatment plans is critical to overcoming therapeutic resistance. Mutation of the BRAF proto-oncogene is linked to a variety of cancers and is increasingly being used as a prognostic tool and therapeutic target. This paper is a comprehensive review of the literature that summarizes the clinical, pathologic, and molecular features of BRAF mutated CRC that support the hypothesis that BRAF mutant cancers represent a distinct subset of CRC with its own clinical implications with regard to prognosis, treatments and emerging therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callisia N Clarke
- 1 Department of Surgical Oncology, 2 Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - E Scott Kopetz
- 1 Department of Surgical Oncology, 2 Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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833
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Paquet ÉR, Hovington H, Brisson H, Lacombe C, Larue H, Têtu B, Lacombe L, Fradet Y, Lebel M. Low level of the X-linked ribosomal protein S4 in human urothelial carcinomas is associated with a poor prognosis. Biomark Med 2015; 9:187-97. [PMID: 25731206 DOI: 10.2217/bmm.14.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We determined whether the Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) and its binding partner, the X-linked ribosomal protein S4 (RPS4X), are associated with clinical outcome in bladder cancer. MATERIALS & METHODS A population of 167 patients with muscle-invasive bladder tumor without evidence of metastasis at time of cystectomy was analyzed retrospectively. YB-1 and RPS4X expressions were evaluated immunohistochemically in tumors and analyzed for association with clinical variables and survival. RESULTS Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that low expression of RPS4X was associated with a higher risk of death or disease recurrence. In contrast, YB-1 was not significantly associated with either recurrence-free or overall survival. CONCLUSION Low RPS4X expression is associated with poor disease-specific and recurrence-free survival in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éric R Paquet
- Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, 9 McMahon Street, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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834
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Hatziieremia S, Mohammed Z, McCall P, Willder JM, Roseweir AK, Underwood MA, Edwards J. Loss of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 is associated with prostate cancer recurrence. Mol Carcinog 2015; 55:1667-1677. [PMID: 26495772 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
STAT1 loss has previously been implicated in cell line studies to modify prostate cancer cell growth and survival, however the clinical significance of this has not previously been established. This study investigated if STAT1 loss was associated with patient outcome measures and the phenotypic consequence of STAT1 silencing. STAT1 expression was assessed in two patient cohorts with localised (n = 78) and advanced prostate cancer at initial diagnosis (n = 39) by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Impact of STAT1 silencing on prostate cancer cells lines was assessed using Cell Death detection ELISA, TLDA gene signature apoptosis arrays, WST-1 assay, xCELLigence system, clonogenic assay, and wound healing assay. In the localised patient cohort, low expression of STAT1 was associated with shorter time to disease recurrence (3.8 vs 7.3 years, P = 0.02) and disease specific survival (6.6 vs 9.3 years, P = 0.05). In the advanced patient cohort, low expression was associated with shorter time to disease recurrence (2.0 vs 3.9 years, P = 0.001). When STAT1 was silenced in PC3 cells (AR negative) and LNCaP cells (AR positive) silencing did not influence levels of apoptosis in either cell line and had little effect on cell viability in the LNCaP cells. In contrast, STAT1 silencing in the PC3 cells resulted in a pronounced increase in cell viability (WST-1 assay: mock silenced vs STAT1 silenced, P < 0.001), clonagenicity (clonogenic assay: mock silenced vs STAT1 silenced, P < 0.001), and migration (wound healing: mock silenced vs STAT1 silenced, P < 0.001). In conclusion, loss of STAT1 may promote prostate cancer recurrence in AR negative patients via increasing cell viability. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Hatziieremia
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Zahra Mohammed
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Pamela McCall
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M Willder
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Antonia K Roseweir
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Mark A Underwood
- Department of Urology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
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835
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Qiu X, Hong Y, Yang D, Xia M, Zhu H, Li Q, Xie H, Wu Q, Liu C, Zuo C. ISG15 as a novel prognostic biomarker for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:17140-17150. [PMID: 26770308 PMCID: PMC4694208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Interferon-alpha (IFN-α) has recently been recognized to harbor therapeutic potential in prevention and treatment of HCC. IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) is an ubiquitin-like molecule that is strongly upregulated by type I interferons as a primary response to diverse microbial and cellular stress stimuli. Several studies have shown that the overexpression of ISG15 is correlated with multiply tumor types. However, the role of ISG15 in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC remains undetermined. ISG15 expression was found to be obviously higher in HBV-related HCC tissues than that in non-tumor tissues. ISG15 is a novel prognostic marker for predicting 5-year overall survival of HBV-related HCC patients. Overexpression of ISG15 was associated with clinicopathological characteristics and poor patient outcomes. ISG15 may serve as a novel prognostic marker for HBV-related HCC. Therefore, ISG15 may represent a novel HCC marker with prognostic significance and may be helpful in selecting patients for and predicting response to the treatment of HBV-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Qiu
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Darong Yang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Man Xia
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Haizhen Zhu
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Molecular Medicine, College of Biology, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qinglong Li
- Department of General Surgery, The second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hailong Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of Second Affiliated Hospital, Cancer Research Institute University of South ChinaHengyang, Hunan Province, China
| | - Qunfeng Wu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Chaohui Zuo
- Department of Gastroduodenal and Pancreatic Surgery, Translation Medicine Research Center of Liver Cancer, Hunan Province Cancer Hospital and Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South UniversityChangsha, Hunan Province, China
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of FloridaGainesville, Florida, USA
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836
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Zhang B, Zhao J. Red blood cell distribution width as a prognostic biomarker for mortality in traumatic brain injury. Int J Clin Exp Med 2015; 8:19172-19175. [PMID: 26770551 PMCID: PMC4694451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Traumatic brain injury (TBI) often cause morbidity and mortality, but it is hard to obtained predictive biomarkers. Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) has been reported as a mortalmarker in cardiovascular disease. But it is unknown whethr RDW is associated with the mortality of TBI patients. The aim of this study is to identify whether RDW is a prognostic biomarker for TBI mortality. METHODS A total of 122 patients with TBI were included retrospectively. Patients were divided into Survival Group and Non-survival Group, RDW was compared between 2 groups. Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the mortality predictive performances. RESULTS 122 patients were included, the male-female ratio was 2.59 (88/34) with their median age of 49.5 (17-89) years. 13 (11.93%) of them were divided into Non-survival Group. We observed significant difference in RDW between two groups (P < 0.05). The cut-off level for RDW in TBI was ≥ 12.85, with the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) were 65.4%, 95.7%, 69.7%, 82.6%, respectively; and area under the curve was 0.805 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.703-0.906). CONCLUSIONS Red cell distribution width is a predictor of mortality in patients with TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biao Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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837
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Michels J, Adam J, Goubar A, Obrist F, Damotte D, Robin A, Alifano M, Vitale I, Olaussen KA, Girard P, Cremer I, Castedo M, Soria JC, Kroemer G. Negative prognostic value of high levels of intracellular poly(ADP-ribose) in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:2470-7. [PMID: 26387143 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells are often characterized by alterations in vitamin B-related metabolic processes, including the overexpression and hyperactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and the downregulation of pyridoxal kinase (PDXK), correlating with elevated apoptosis resistance. Low PDXK expression is an established negative prognostic factor in NSCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS We determined by immunohistochemistry the expression of PARP1 and the level of its product, poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), in two independent cohorts of patients with resected NSCLC. RESULTS Intratumoral high levels (above median) of PAR (but not PARP1 protein levels) had a negative prognostic impact in both the training (92 stage I subjects) and validation (133 stage I and II subjects) cohorts, as determined by univariate and multivariate analyses. The simultaneous assessment of PAR and PDXK protein levels improved risk stratification. CONCLUSION NSCLC patients with high intratumoral PARP1 activity (i.e. elevated PAR levels above median) and low PDXK expression (below median) had a dismal prognosis, while patients with low PARP1 activity and high PDXK expression had a favorable outcome. Altogether, these results underscore the clinical potential and possible therapeutic relevance of these biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Michels
- INSERM UMR1138 Group 11, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif Paris-Sud University, Villejuif
| | - J Adam
- Paris-Sud University, Villejuif Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif INSERM U981, Villejuif
| | | | - F Obrist
- INSERM UMR1138 Group 11, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris
| | - D Damotte
- INSERM UMR1138 Group 11, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris Department of Pathology and Thoracic Surgery, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | | | - M Alifano
- Department of Pathology and Thoracic Surgery, Cochin Hospital, AP-HP, Paris Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - I Vitale
- Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome Department of Biology, University of Rome 'TorVergata', Rome, Italy
| | - K A Olaussen
- Paris-Sud University, Villejuif INSERM U981, Villejuif
| | - P Girard
- Thoracic Department, Mutualiste Montsouris Institute, Paris
| | - I Cremer
- INSERM UMR1138 Group 11, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - M Castedo
- INSERM UMR1138 Group 11, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris
| | - J-C Soria
- Paris-Sud University, Villejuif INSERM U981, Villejuif Department of Drug Development, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif
| | - G Kroemer
- INSERM UMR1138 Group 11, Cordeliers Research Centre, Paris Pierre and Marie Curie University, Paris Paris Descartes University, Paris, France Metabolomics Platform, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif Department of Biology, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
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838
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Abstract
Castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the most life-threatening form of prostate cancer, has recently been the focus of many successful new treatments. Contemporary trials highlight the heterogeneous prognosis of CRPC as overall survival times vary greatly across different patient sub-groups. As presented in BMC Medicine, Wang et al. identify a blood-based prognostic signature in CRPC. Their approach is notable for discovery and validation of a four-gene model based on a whole-blood expression signature sampled from three distinct clinical cohorts. Further, the marker selection process incorporates an understanding of biological pathways expressed in myeloid or lymphoid cells which may provide some insight into host-tumor interactions as reflected in the peripheral blood. While the study includes a multivariate analysis accounting for many important clinical variables, larger datasets with more complete clinical information and sufficient follow-up are needed to confirm the independent significance of the four-gene expression model in a way which may better inform the care of CRPC patients.Please see related article: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1741-7015/13/201 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell E Gross
- Center for Applied Molecular Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 9033 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 300, Beverly Hills, CA, 90211, USA.
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839
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Smith CG, Fisher D, Harris R, Maughan TS, Phipps AI, Richman S, Seymour M, Tomlinson I, Rosmarin D, Kerr D, Chan AT, Peters U, Newcomb PA, Idziaszczyk S, West H, Meade A, Kaplan R, Cheadle JP. Analyses of 7,635 Patients with Colorectal Cancer Using Independent Training and Validation Cohorts Show That rs9929218 in CDH1 Is a Prognostic Marker of Survival. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 21:3453-61. [PMID: 25873087 PMCID: PMC4526710 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-14-3136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Genome-wide association studies have identified numerous loci associated with colorectal cancer risk. Several of these have also been associated with patient survival, although none have been validated. Here, we used large independent training and validation cohorts to identify robust prognostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In our training phase, we analyzed 20 colorectal cancer-risk SNPs from 14 genome-wide associated loci, for their effects on survival in 2,083 patients with advanced colorectal cancer. A Cox survival model was used, stratified for treatment, adjusted for known prognostic factors, and corrected for multiple testing. Three SNPs were subsequently analyzed in an independent validation cohort of 5,552 colorectal cancer patients. A validated SNP was analyzed by disease stage and response to treatment. RESULTS Three variants associated with survival in the training phase; however, only rs9929218 at 16q22 (intron 2 of CDH1, encoding E-cadherin) was significant in the validation phase. Patients homozygous for the minor allele (AA genotype) had worse survival (training phase HR, 1.43; 95% confidence intervals; CI, 1.20-1.71, P = 5.8 × 10(-5); validation phase HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.37, P = 3.2 × 10(-2); combined HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.14-1.43, P = 2.2 × 10(-5)). This effect was independent of known prognostic factors, and was significant amongst patients with stage IV disease (P = 2.7 × 10(-5)). rs9929218 was also associated with poor response to chemotherapy (P = 3.9 × 10(-4)). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate the potential of common inherited genetic variants to inform patient outcome and show that rs9929218 identifies approximately 8% of colorectal cancer patients with poor prognosis. rs9929218 may affect CDH1 expression and E-cadherin plays a role in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition providing a mechanism underlying its prognostic potential. Clin Cancer Res; 21(15); 3453-61. ©2015 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher G Smith
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David Fisher
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Aviation House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Harris
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy S Maughan
- CRUK/MRC Oxford Institute for Radiation Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Epidemiology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Susan Richman
- Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James' University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Seymour
- Wellcome Trust Brenner Building, St James' University Hospital, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Tomlinson
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory and NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dan Rosmarin
- Molecular and Population Genetics Laboratory and NIHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - David Kerr
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts. Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ulrike Peters
- Epidemiology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Epidemiology Department, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Shelley Idziaszczyk
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Hannah West
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Angela Meade
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Aviation House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Kaplan
- MRC Clinical Trials Unit, Aviation House, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy P Cheadle
- Institute of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
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840
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Liu Z, Liu Y, Xu L, An H, Chang Y, Yang Y, Zhang W, Xu J. P2X7 receptor predicts postoperative cancer-specific survival of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1224-31. [PMID: 26179886 PMCID: PMC4582993 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The P2X7 receptor, an ATP-gated plasma membrane ion channel, is involved in inflammation, apoptosis and cell proliferation, and thereby plays a crucial role during oncogenic transformation in various malignancies. This study aims to evaluate the impact of P2X7 receptor expression on postoperative cancer-specific survival of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). A total of 273 patients with ccRCC undergoing nephrectomy at a single institution were retrospectively enrolled in this study, among which 86 patients died of this disease and six patients died of other causes. Clinicopathologic features and cancer-specific survival (CSS) were recorded. P2X7 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in clinical specimens. Kaplan–Meier method with log rank test was performed to compare survival curves. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the prognostic values of variables on CSS. Concordance index was calculated to assess prognostic accuracy of prognostic models. Median follow-up period was 90 months (range, 11–120 months). Intratumoral P2X7 expression was significantly lower than peritumoral tissues (P < 0.001). Moreover, high intratumoral P2X7 expression, which was significantly associated with shorten CSS (P < 0.001), high TNM stage (P = 0.038), Fuhrman grade (P = 0.035), SSIGN (stage, size, grade, and necrosis) score (P = 0.021) and University of California Integrated Staging System (UISS) score (P = 0.007), was indicated to be an independent prognostic factor for CSS (hazard ratio [HR], 1.693; P = 0.034). The prognostic accuracy of TNM stage, UISS and SSIGN scoring models was improved when intratumoral P2X7 expression was added. Intratumoral P2X7 expression is a potential independent adverse prognostic indicator for postoperative CSS of patients with ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin An
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Chang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanfeng Yang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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841
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Karapetis CS, Maru D, Waring P, Tie J, Michael MZ. Incorporating traditional and emerging biomarkers in the clinical management of metastatic colorectal cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2015; 15:1033-48. [PMID: 26166616 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2015.1052797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The role of biomarker assessment in determining the best therapeutic options for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer has become increasingly complex and important. Biomarkers that predict the efficacy and/or toxicity of such treatments can affect medical decision making, leading to decreased harm and/or costs associated with treatment and improvements in therapeutic outcomes for patients. This review discusses traditional and emerging biomarkers of potential clinical utility for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, current assays and methods used in clinical practice, technologies that have allowed the identification of new biomarkers and key considerations for oncologists and pathologists when determining appropriate biomarker evaluations to be undertaken for their patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos S Karapetis
- Flinders Medical Centre, Sturt Road, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
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842
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Abstract
While both prognostic and predictive cancer biomarkers predict clinical outcome, the term 'predictive biomarker' is reserved for the association of a specific therapy with a specific clinical outcome. The advent of genomic signatures and next generation sequencing as candidate predictive biomarkers has led to lengthy and expensive processes for biomarker qualification. The urgency to bring novel predictive cancer biomarkers to practice faster and cheaper requires strategies to lower the bar to biomarker implementation. Three strategies are suggested: identify biomarkers closely coupled to biologic mechanism associated with the clinical endpoint and scalable from cells to humans; identify biomarkers that can be reliably detected and quantified; and assess biomarkers by capacity to reduce toxicity as well as to increase therapy efficacy. Biomarker selection directly and closely related to production of end points by biologic mechanism demonstrated by a ladder of evidence should require less burden of proof clinically than biomarkers that are merely associative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth P H Pritzker
- Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Surgery University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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843
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Jamal-Hanjani M, A'Hern R, Birkbak NJ, Gorman P, Grönroos E, Ngang S, Nicola P, Rahman L, Thanopoulou E, Kelly G, Ellis P, Barrett-Lee P, Johnston SRD, Bliss J, Roylance R, Swanton C. Extreme chromosomal instability forecasts improved outcome in ER-negative breast cancer: a prospective validation cohort study from the TACT trial. Ann Oncol 2015; 26:1340-6. [PMID: 26003169 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosomal instability (CIN) has been shown to be associated with drug resistance and poor clinical outcome in several cancer types. However, in oestrogen receptor (ER)-negative breast cancer we have previously demonstrated that extreme CIN is associated with improved clinical outcome, consistent with a negative impact of CIN on tumour fitness and growth. The aim of this current study was to validate this finding using previously defined CIN thresholds in a much larger prospective cohort from a randomised, controlled, clinical trial. PATIENTS AND METHODS As a surrogate measurement of CIN, dual centromeric fluorescence in situ hybridisation was performed for both chromosomes 2 and 15 on 1173 tumours from the breast cancer TACT trial (CRUK01/001). Each tumour was scored manually and the mean percentage of cells deviating from the modal centromere number was used to define four CIN groups (MCD1-4), where tumours in the MCD4 group were defined as having extreme CIN. RESULTS In a multivariate analysis of disease-free survival, with a median follow-up of 91 months, increasing CIN was associated with improved outcome in patients with ER-negative cancer (P trend = 0.03). A similar pattern was seen in ER-negative/HER2-negative cancers (Ptrend = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS This prospective validation cohort study further substantiated the association between extreme CIN and improved outcome in ER-negative breast cancers. Identifying such patients with extreme CIN may help distinguish good from poor prognostic groups, and therefore support treatment and risk stratification in this aggressive breast cancer subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - R A'Hern
- ICR-CTSU, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - N J Birkbak
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - P Gorman
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - E Grönroos
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - S Ngang
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - P Nicola
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - L Rahman
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London
| | - E Thanopoulou
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - G Kelly
- The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
| | - P Ellis
- Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Trust, London
| | | | | | - J Bliss
- ICR-CTSU, Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - R Roylance
- Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - C Swanton
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London The Francis Crick Institute, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London
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844
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Deng T, Lin D, Zhang M, Zhao Q, Li W, Zhong B, Deng Y, Fu X. Differential expression of bone morphogenetic protein 5 in human lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2015; 47:557-63. [PMID: 25994008 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmv037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play important roles in tumor cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion. However, the expression patterns of BMPs in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and their correlations with NSCLC pathogenesis have not been examined yet. In this study, the mRNA levels of BMP family members in NSCLC tissues were analyzed and results showed that the mRNA levels of BMP5 and BMP7 were significantly down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, in tumor tissues compared with those in the corresponding noncancerous tissues. Interestingly, the mRNA level of BMP5 was significantly higher in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than that in lung squamous cell carcinoma tissues. Furthermore, results from immunohistochemistry analysis confirmed stronger expression of BMP5 protein in lung adenocarcinoma than in lung squamous cell carcinoma. Our findings suggested that BMP5 might be a potential prognostic biomarker or therapeutic target for patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoran Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China The Second Clinical Medical Department, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Dandan Lin
- Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Man Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Weina Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Bo Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Xiangning Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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845
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Anborgh PH, Caria LB, Chambers AF, Tuck AB, Stitt LW, Brackstone M. Role of plasma osteopontin as a biomarker in locally advanced breast cancer. Am J Transl Res 2015; 7:723-732. [PMID: 26064440 PMCID: PMC4455347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN), a malignancy-associated secreted phosphoprotein, is a prognostic plasma biomarker for survival in metastatic breast cancer patients. We evaluated the role of OPN in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC) patients in predicting response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and association with survival. Fifty-three patients with non-metastatic LABC were enrolled in this study and monitored serially for plasma OPN levels by ELISA during neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior to surgery. For fifty patients who had baseline OPN levels available for analysis, the median baseline OPN level was 63.6 ng/ml. Median patient follow up was 45 months and thirteen patients died from metastatic disease. Patients with baseline OPN levels ≥ 63.6 ng/ml were significantly more likely to die of their disease than those with baseline OPN < 63.6 ng/mL (Hazard Ratio = 3.4; 95% confidence interval 1.4-11.3; P = 0.011), and overall, baseline OPN level was significantly associated with survival (P = 0.002). There was little support for value of serial OPN determination in monitoring response to therapy in this patient population. Although the percentage of patients with baseline OPN levels < 63.6 ng/ml was higher in patients with pathological complete response than in those with no response, the difference was not statistically significant (64% and 14%, respectively (P = 0.066)). Thus, baseline plasma OPN level is a prognostic biomarker in this group of LABC patients, and could also be helpful in identifying LABC patients who will respond to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Our results call for validation of our findings in large prospective trial data sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter H Anborgh
- London Regional Cancer Program, University of Western Ontario 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Laura Br Caria
- London Regional Cancer Program, University of Western Ontario 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Ann F Chambers
- London Regional Cancer Program, University of Western Ontario 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Alan B Tuck
- London Regional Cancer Program, University of Western Ontario 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Larry W Stitt
- London Regional Cancer Program, University of Western Ontario 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
| | - Muriel Brackstone
- London Regional Cancer Program, University of Western Ontario 790 Commissioners Road East, London, ON N6A 4L6, Canada
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846
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Pan D, Xu L, Liu H, Zhang W, Liu W, Liu Y, Fu Q, Xu J. High expression of interleukin-11 is an independent indicator of poor prognosis in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:592-7. [PMID: 25702890 PMCID: PMC4452160 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-11 (IL-11), a member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, exerts pleiotropic oncogenic activities by stimulating angiogenesis and metastasis in many cancer types. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of IL-11 expression on recurrence and mortality of patients with clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). We retrospectively enrolled 193 ccRCC patients undergoing nephrectomy at a single center. Clinicopathologic features, recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were recorded. IL-11 intensity was assessed by immunohistochemistry in tumor specimens. The Kaplan–Meier method was applied to compare survival curves. Cox regression models were used to analyze the impact of prognostic factors on RFS and OS. The concordance index (C-index) was calculated to assess predictive accuracy. High IL-11 expression is associated with increased risk of recurrence and poor survival for ccRCC patients (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively), especially those with early-stage disease (TNM stage I + II). Multivariate analyses confirmed that IL-11 expression was an independent prognostic factor for RFS and OS (P = 0.006 and P = 0.008, respectively). The predictive accuracy of well-established prognostic models was improved when IL-11 expression was integrated. In conclusion, high IL-11 expression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in ccRCC patients. It may help identify patients who could benefit from additional treatments and closer follow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Le Xu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiou Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weijuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weisi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yidong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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847
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Masoumi-Moghaddam S, Amini A, Wei AQ, Robertson G, Morris DL. Sprouty 1 predicts prognosis in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:1531-1541. [PMID: 26101716 PMCID: PMC4473329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/05/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Sprouty proteins are evolutionary-conserved modulators of receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) signaling. We have previously reported inverse correlation of the Sprouty 1 (Spry1) protein expression with ovarian cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and survival. In the present study, the expression status of Spry1 protein and its clinical relevance in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were explored. Matched tumor and normal tissue samples from 100 patients with epithelial ovarian cancer were immunohistochemically stained for Spry1. Expression of ERK, p-ERK, Ki67, FGF-2, VEGF and IL-6 and their correlation with Spry1 were also evaluated. In addition, correlation between Spry1 and clinicopathological characteristics and predictive significance of Spry1 for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were analysed. Our data indicated that Spry1 was significantly downregulated in tumor tissues (p=0.004). Spry1 showed significant inverse correlation with p-ERK/ERK (p=0.045), Ki67 (p=0.010), disease stage (p=0.029), tumor grade (p=0.037), recurrence (p=0.001) and lymphovascular invasion (p=0.042). It was revealed that Spry1 low-expressing patients had significantly poorer OS (p=0.010) and DFS (p=0.012) than those with high expression of Spry1. Multivariate analysis showed that high Spry1 (p=0.030), low stage (p=0.048) and no residual tumor (p=0.007) were independent prognostic factors for a better OS, among which high Spry1 (p=0.035) and low stage (p=0.035) remained as independent predictors of DFS, too. We also found that the expression of Spry1 significantly correlates with the expression of Spry2 (p<0.001), but not that of Spry4. In conclusion, we report for the first time to our knowledge that Spry1 protein is downregulated in human epithelial ovarian cancer. Spry1 expression significantly impacts tumor behavior and shows predictive value as an independent prognostic factor for survival and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Masoumi-Moghaddam
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Afshin Amini
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Ai-Qun Wei
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Gregory Robertson
- Department of Gynaecology Oncology, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - David L Morris
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
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848
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Penman CL, Faulkner C, Lowis SP, Kurian KM. Current Understanding of BRAF Alterations in Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Targeting in Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas. Front Oncol 2015; 5:54. [PMID: 25785246 PMCID: PMC4347423 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is known to play a key role in the initiation and maintenance of many tumors as well as normal development. This often occurs through mutation of the genes encoding RAS and RAF proteins which are involved in signal transduction in this pathway. BRAF is one of three RAF kinases which act as downstream effectors of growth factor signaling leading to cell cycle progression, proliferation, and survival. Initially reported as a point mutation (V600E) in the majority of metastatic melanomas, other alterations in the BRAF gene have now been reported in a variety of human cancers including papillary thyroid cancer, colon carcinomas, hairy cell leukemia, and more recently in gliomas. The identification of oncogenic mutations in the BRAF gene have led to a revolution in the treatment of metastatic melanoma using targeted molecular therapies that affect the MAPK pathway either directly through BRAF inhibition or downstream through inhibition of MEK. This review describes the molecular biology of BRAF in the context of pediatric low-grade gliomas, the role of BRAF as a diagnostic marker, the prognostic implications of BRAF, and evidence for therapeutic targeting of BRAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Louise Penman
- Brain Tumour Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - Claire Faulkner
- Bristol Genetics Laboratory, Pathology Sciences Southmead Hospital, Westbury on Trym , Bristol , UK
| | - Stephen P Lowis
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Bristol Royal Hospital for Children, Upper Maudlin Street , Bristol , UK
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Group, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
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849
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Cheng Y, Lu J, Chen G, Ardekani GS, Rotte A, Martinka M, Xu X, McElwee KJ, Zhang G, Zhou Y. Stage-specific prognostic biomarkers in melanoma. Oncotarget 2015; 6:4180-9. [PMID: 25784655 PMCID: PMC4414181 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The melanoma staging system proposed by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) (which classifies melanoma patients into four clinical stages) is currently the most widely used tool for melanoma prognostication, and clinical management decision making by clinicians. However, multiple studies have shown that melanomas within specific AJCC Stages can exhibit varying progression and clinical outcomes. Thus, additional information, such as that provided by biomarkers is needed to assist in identifying the patients at risk of disease progression. Having previously found six independent prognostic biomarkers in melanoma, including BRAF, MMP2, p27, Dicer, Fbw7 and Tip60, our group has gone on to investigate if these markers are useful in risk stratification of melanoma patients in individual AJCC stages. First, we performed Kaplan-Meier survival and Cox proportional multivariate analyses comparing prognostication power of these markers in 254 melanoma patients for whom the expression levels were known, identifying the best performing markers as candidates for stage-specific melanoma markers. We then verified the results by incorporating an additional independent cohort (87 patients) and in a combined cohort (341 patients). Our data indicate that BRAF and MMP2 are optimal prognostic biomarkers for AJCC Stages I and II, respectively (P = 0.010, 0.000, Log-rank test); whereas p27 emerged as a good marker for AJCC Stages III/IV (0.018, 0.046, respectively, log-rank test). Thus, our study has identified stage-specific biomarkers in melanoma, a finding which may assist clinicians in designing improved personalized therapeutic modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Cheng
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guangdi Chen
- Bioelectromagnetics Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gholamreza Safaee Ardekani
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Anand Rotte
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Magdalena Martinka
- Department of Pathology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Xuezhu Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Kevin J. McElwee
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Guohong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Youwen Zhou
- Department of Dermatology and Skin Science, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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850
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Zhu Y, Xu L, An H, Liu W, Wang Z, Xu J. p21-activated kinase 1 predicts recurrence and survival in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Int J Urol 2015; 22:447-53. [PMID: 25711487 DOI: 10.1111/iju.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the impact of p21-activated kinase 1 expression on recurrence and survival of patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma after surgical resection. METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 254 patients (187 in the training cohort and 67 in the validation cohort) with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy at a single institution. Clinicopathological features, overall survival and recurrence-free survival were recorded. p21-activated kinase 1 intensities were assessed by immunohistochemistry of patients' specimens. The Kaplan-Meier method was applied to compare survival curves. Cox regression models were used to analyze the impact of prognostic factors on overall survival and recurrence-free survival. The concordance index was calculated to assess predictive accuracy. RESULTS In both cohorts, elevated p21-activated kinase 1 expression in tumor tissues positively correlated with advanced T stage and Fuhrman grade. High p21-activated kinase 1 expression indicated poor survival and early recurrence of patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma, especially with early T1-2 stage disease. After backward elimination, p21-activated kinase 1 expression was identified as an independent adverse prognostic factor for survival and recurrence. The predictive accuracy of the traditional University of California Integrated Staging System and Mayo Clinic stage, size, grade and necrosis prognostic models was improved when p21-activated kinase 1 expression was added. CONCLUSIONS Elevated expression of p21-activated kinase 1 seems to be an independent adverse prognostic biomarker for recurrence and survival in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma after nephrectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Urology, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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