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Dong T, Li H. Neurological risks arising from the bioaccumulation of heavy metal contaminants: A focus on mercury. Environ Toxicol 2024; 39:2692-2705. [PMID: 38240341 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the concentrations of heavy metals in the water sources of the upstream region of the Huangpu River, the Yangtze River Estuary, and various areas in Shanghai, as well as the heavy metal concentrations in the blood of Shanghai residents. It aimed to analyze the heavy metal elements absorbed by the human body and the resulting pathological effects. The results revealed that surface water primarily contains five heavy metals: copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg), while water sediments primarily contain seven heavy metals: Cu, cadmium (Cd), Pb, chromium (Cr), Zn, As, and Hg. The main heavy metals present in the human body are Pb, Hg, As, and Cd. By reviewing previous articles, it was found that heavy metal concentrations in human blood are higher than those in surface water, suggesting uncertainties in the heavy metal content of surface water and its tendency to settle at the bottom. Furthermore, a comparison of heavy metal content in sediments revealed that Hg is the most readily absorbed heavy metal by the human body and is also a toxic environmental pollutant. Within the cell, Hg is highly toxic to mitochondria and may cause oxidative stress and neurodegenerative disease. This study concludes that water sediments serve as the major source of pollution in the human body and pose significant health risks, thereby necessitating the implementation of effective preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Dong
- Municipal Environmental Engineering College, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Shanghai WLSA Academy, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanxuan Li
- Municipal Environmental Engineering College, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China
- Shanghai WLSA Academy, Shanghai, China
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2
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Wilcox CV, Knych HK, Katzman SA, Arthur RM, Rodriguez V, Finno CJ. Effect of clodronate on gene expression in the peripheral blood of horses. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2024; 47:187-192. [PMID: 38197553 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
There are two FDA-approved bisphosphonate products, clodronate (Osphos®) and tiludronate (Tildren®), for use in horses. It is hypothesized that bisphosphonates can produce analgesic effects and prevent proper healing of microcracks in bone. Therefore, bisphosphonate use is banned in racehorses. However, bisphosphonates have a short detection window in the blood before sequestration in the skeleton, making the reliability of current drug tests questionable. Seven exercising Thoroughbred horses were administered clodronate (1.8 mg/kg i.m.), and four were administered saline. RNA was isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected immediately before a single dose of clodronate or saline and then on Days 1, 6, 28, 56 and 182 post-dose. mRNA was sequenced and analysed for differentially expressed transcripts. While no single transcripts were differentially expressed, pathway analysis revealed that p38 MAPK (p = .04) and Ras (p = .04) pathways were upregulated, and cadherin signalling (p = .02) was downregulated on Day 1. Previously investigated biomarkers, cathepsin K (CTSK) and type 5 acid phosphatase (ACP5), were analysed with RT-qPCR in a targeted gene approach, with no significant difference observed. A significant effect of time on gene expression for ACP5 (p = .03) and CTSK (p < .0001) was observed. Thus, these genes warrant further investigation for detecting clodronate use over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callie V Wilcox
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Heather K Knych
- K. L. Maddy Equine Analytical Pharmacology Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Scott A Katzman
- Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Rick M Arthur
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Veronika Rodriguez
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Carrie J Finno
- Department of Population Health and Reproduction, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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D'Adamo E, Botondi V, Falconio L, Giardinelli G, Di Gregorio P, Caputi S, Sinjari B, Trubiani O, Traini T, Gazzolo F, Strozzi MC, Maconi A, Gazzolo D. Effect of temperature on presepsin pre-analytical stability in biological fluids of preterm and term newborns. Clin Chem Lab Med 2024; 62:1011-1016. [PMID: 38018456 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2023-1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Thermostability is one of the pre-requisites for the reliability of analytes in clinical practice and biomedical research. Although presepsin represents a promising new biomarker for the early diagnosis of sepsis in newborns, data on its stability under different storage conditions are lacking. We aimed to investigate presepsin thermostability in blood, urine and saliva samples after thawing at 4 predetermined monitoring time-points in a cohort of preterm and term infants. METHODS We conducted an observational study, where each case served as its own control, in 24 preterm and term infants. Blood, urine and saliva samples were stored at -80 °C for 18 months, and presepsin measured in different biological fluids at thawing (T0), 24 (T1), 48 (T2) and at 72 (T3) hours after thawing. RESULTS No significant differences (p>0.05, for all) in presepsin levels were observed at T0-T3 in the different biological fluids. Furthermore, no differences at T0-T3 were observed in presepsin levels between blood and saliva fluids, whilst urine levels were significantly higher (p<0.05, for all) than blood and saliva at T0-T3. CONCLUSIONS Results on presepsin pre-analytical thermo-stability in different biological fluids after long-term refrigeration support the reliability of this biomarker in the diagnosis and monitoring of perinatal sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebe D'Adamo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Valentina Botondi
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Luigi Falconio
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Di Gregorio
- Immunohematology and Transfusional Medicine Service, "SS. Annunziata" Hospital, Chieti, Italy
| | - Sergio Caputi
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Bruna Sinjari
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Tonino Traini
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Gazzolo
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Strozzi
- Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, C. Arrigo Children's Hospital Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Antonio Maconi
- Department of Maternal Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, C. Arrigo Children's Hospital Alessandria, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Diego Gazzolo
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, G. d'Annunzio University, Chieti, Italy
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Fujimoto M, Takahashi M, Hifumi T, Yabuki A, Furusawa Y, Hatai H, Endo Y. Cabot rings in a cat with myeloproliferative disease. Vet Clin Pathol 2024. [PMID: 38641552 DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
A 6-year-old spayed female Scottish Fold cat presented with lethargy and anorexia. A complete blood cell count indicated severe anemia and mild thrombocytopenia. Examination of peripheral blood smears revealed marked changes in the erythroid lineage, including the presence of basophilic stippling and Howell-Jolly bodies as well as an increase in nucleated erythrocytes, polychromatophils, ovalocytes, and schistocytes. Additionally, some erythrocytes contained a ring or figure-eight shaped structure known as a Cabot ring, which were especially observed in polychromatophilic erythrocytes. Hemolytic diseases (Mycoplasma infection and IMHA) were diagnostically excluded, and the cat was treated through prednisolone administration, whole blood transfusion, and administration of vitamins (K2 and B12); however, the anemia progressively worsened. Cabot rings were observed until Day 22 and subsequently disappeared as the number of nucleated RBCs increased, and the erythrocyte lineage shifted to immature population. On Day 42, peripheral blood examination revealed further left shifting and appearance of many rubriblasts. The patient died at home on Day 43. Necropsy revealed neoplastic cells infiltrating the bone marrow and other organs, which were immunopositive to CD71 which is an erythroid lineage marker. In humans, Cabot rings have been observed in megaloblastic anemia, lead poisoning, myelodysplastic syndrome, and myelofibrosis; further, they are thought to be related to stressed bone marrow and dyserythropoiesis. This is the first case report of a cat with Cabot rings, which are suggestive of defects in erythroid lineage production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuki Fujimoto
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masashi Takahashi
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hifumi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histopathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akira Yabuki
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yu Furusawa
- Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Hatai
- Laboratory of Veterinary Histopathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Farm Animal Clinical Skills and Disease Control Center, Iwate University, Morikawa, Iwate, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Endo
- Laboratory of Veterinary Small Animal Internal Medicine, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Gilada T, Ulrich AK, Wang Y, Lama JR, Alfaro R, Harb S, Daza G, Holte S, Pasalar S, Rios J, Ganoza C, Dasgupta S, Coombs RW, Duerr A. Viral Load Dynamics in Plasma and Semen When Antiretroviral Therapy Is Initiated During Early HIV-1 Infection. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:1141-1146. [PMID: 38073467 PMCID: PMC11011176 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiad520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load in plasma and semen during primary HIV infection using serial samples of semen and plasma during the first 24 weeks after diagnosis in untreated participants and those who started antiretroviral therapy (ART) immediately at diagnosis. In the absence of treatment, semen viral load was >1000 copies/mL in almost all specimens (83%) collected 2-10 weeks after the estimated date of HIV acquisition and remained >1000 copies/mL in 35% of untreated participants at the last observed time point. Thus, in the absence of ART, semen viral load remained at a level consistent with transmissibility throughout primary infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Angela K Ulrich
- Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- Division of Environmental Health Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yixin Wang
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Javier R Lama
- Asociación Civil Impacta Salud y Educación, Lima, Peru
| | - Ricardo Alfaro
- Centro de Investigaciones Tecnológicas Biomédicas y Medioambientales, Lima, Peru
| | - Socorro Harb
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Glenda Daza
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sarah Holte
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Siavash Pasalar
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Jessica Rios
- Pharmaceutical Product Development, Inc, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Sayan Dasgupta
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Robert W Coombs
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ann Duerr
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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6
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Powell B, Cramb S. The shock index predicts in-flight blood transfusion in aeromedical trauma patients. Emerg Med Australas 2024. [PMID: 38602079 DOI: 10.1111/1742-6723.14413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To define the utility of the Triage Revised Trauma Score (TRTS), GCS/Age/arterial Pressure (GAP) score, and shock index (SI) in predicting the need for in-flight blood product administration in civilian trauma patients transported by an aeromedical platform. METHODS A retrospective chart review of 3582 aeromedical trauma cases was conducted. An initial TRTS, GAP score and SI were calculated for each patient, and the administration of in-flight blood products was also recorded. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to quantify the predictive discrimination of the TRTS, GAP score and SI on the need for in-flight blood product administration. RESULTS The SI showed a superior predictive value compared to the TRTS and GAP score. The SI showed an area under the curve on the ROC curve of 0.85 in both primary and inter-hospital transfer cases, indicating reasonable predictive value. CONCLUSION The SI demonstrates favourable test characteristics for predicting the need for in-flight blood product administration. Prospective validation of these results is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Powell
- LifeFlight Retrieval Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Emergency Department, Ipswich General Hospital, Ipswich, Queensland, Australia
- The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susanna Cramb
- Australian Centre for Health Services Innovation, School of Public Health & Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Jamieson Trauma Institute, Metro North Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Zhang T, Chien RC, Budachetri K, Lin M, Boyaka P, Huang W, Rikihisa Y. Ehrlichia effector TRP120 manipulates bacteremia to facilitate tick acquisition. mBio 2024; 15:e0047624. [PMID: 38501870 PMCID: PMC11005420 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00476-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ehrlichia species are obligatory intracellular bacteria that cause a potentially fatal disease, human ehrlichiosis. The biomolecular mechanisms of tick acquisition of Ehrlichia and transmission between ticks and mammals are poorly understood. Ehrlichia japonica infection of mice recapitulates the full spectrum of human ehrlichiosis. We compared the pathogenicity and host acquisition of wild-type E. japonica with an isogenic transposon mutant of E. japonica that lacks tandem repeat protein 120 (TRP120) (ΔTRP120). Both wild-type and ΔTRP120 E. japonica proliferated similarly in cultures of mammalian and tick cells. Upon inoculation into mice, both wild-type and ΔTRP120 E. japonica multiplied to high levels in various tissues, with similar clinical chemistry and hematologic changes, proinflammatory cytokine induction, and fatal disease. However, the blood levels of ΔTRP120 E. japonica were almost undetectable within 24 h, whereas the levels of the wild type increased exponentially. Greater than 90% of TRP120 was released from infected cells into the culture medium. Mouse blood monocytes exposed to native TRP120 from culture supernatants showed significantly reduced cell surface expression of the transmigration-related markers Ly6C and CD11b. Larval ticks attached to mice infected with either wild-type or ΔTRP120 E. japonica imbibed similar amounts of blood and subsequently molted to nymphs at similar rates. However, unlike wild-type E. japonica, the ΔTRP120 mutant was minimally acquired by larval ticks and subsequent molted nymphs and, thus, failed to transmit to naïve mice. Thus, TRP120 is required for bacteremia but not disease. These findings suggest a novel mechanism whereby an obligatory intracellular bacterium manipulates infected blood monocytes to sustain the tick-mammal transmission cycle. IMPORTANCE Effective prevention of tick-borne diseases such as human ehrlichiosis requires an understanding of how disease-causing organisms are acquired. Ehrlichia species are intracellular bacteria that require infection of both mammals and ticks, involving cycles of transmission between them. Mouse models of ehrlichiosis and tick-mouse transmission can advance our fundamental understanding of the pathogenesis and prevention of ehrlichiosis. Herein, a mutant of Ehrlichia japonica was used to investigate the role of a single Ehrlichia factor, named tandem repeat protein 120 (TRP120), in infection of mammalian and tick cells in culture, infection and disease progression in mice, and tick acquisition of E. japonica from infected mice. Our results suggest that TRP120 is necessary only for Ehrlichia proliferation in circulating mouse blood and ongoing bacteremia to permit Ehrlichia acquisition by ticks. This study provides new insights into the importance of bacterial factors in regulating bacteremia, which may facilitate tick acquisition of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsian Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Rory C. Chien
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Khemraj Budachetri
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mingqun Lin
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Prosper Boyaka
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Weiyan Huang
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Yasuko Rikihisa
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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LaCroix IS, Moore EE, Cralley A, Cendali FI, Dzieciatkowska M, Hom P, Mitra S, Cohen M, Silliman C, Hansen KC, D'Alessandro A. Multiomics Signatures of Coagulopathy in a Polytrauma Swine Model Contrasted with Severe Multisystem Injured Patients. J Proteome Res 2024; 23:1163-1173. [PMID: 38386921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a leading contributor to preventable mortality in severely injured patients. Understanding the molecular drivers of TIC is an essential step in identifying novel therapeutics to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study investigated multiomics and viscoelastic responses to polytrauma using our novel swine model and compared these findings with severely injured patients. Molecular signatures of TIC were significantly associated with perturbed coagulation and inflammation systems as well as extensive hemolysis. These results were consistent with patterns observed in trauma patients who had multisystem injuries. Here, intervention using resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta following polytrauma in our swine model revealed distinct multiomics alterations as a function of placement location. Aortic balloon placement in zone-1 worsened ischemic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, patterns that continued throughout the monitored time course. While placement in zone-III showed a beneficial effect on TIC, it showed an improvement in effective coagulation. Taken together, this study highlights the translational relevance of our polytrauma swine model for investigating therapeutic interventions to correct TIC in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian S LaCroix
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Ernest E Moore
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
- Ernest E Moore Shock Trauma Center at Denver Health, Denver, Colorado 80204, United States
| | - Alexis Cralley
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Francesca I Cendali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Monika Dzieciatkowska
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Patrick Hom
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Sanchayita Mitra
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Mitchell Cohen
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Christopher Silliman
- Vitalant Research Institute, Denver, Colorado 80230, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Kirk C Hansen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
| | - Angelo D'Alessandro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, United States
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Belfrage E, Ek S, Johansson Å, Brauner H, Sonesson A, Drott K. Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With Mycosis Fungoides and Sézary Syndrome (BIO-MUSE): Protocol for a Translational Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e55723. [PMID: 38436589 PMCID: PMC11027051 DOI: 10.2196/55723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare group of lymphomas that primarily affects the skin. Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common form of CTCL and Sézary syndrome (SS) is more infrequent. Early stages (IA-IIA) have a favorable prognosis, while advanced stages (IIB-IVB) have a worse prognosis. Around 25% of patients with early stages of the disease will progress to advanced stages. Malignant skin-infiltrating T-cells in CTCL are accompanied by infiltrates of nonmalignant T-cells and other immune cells that produce cytokines that modulate the inflammation. Skin infection, often with Staphylococcus aureus, is frequent in advanced stages and can lead to sepsis and death. S. aureus has also been reported to contribute to the progression of the disease. Previous reports indicate a shift from Th1 to Th2 cytokine production and dysfunction of the skin barrier in CTCL. Treatment response is highly variable and often unpredictable, and there is a need for new predictive and prognostic biomarkers. OBJECTIVE This prospective translational study aims to identify prognostic biomarkers in the blood and skin of patients with MF and SS. METHODS The Predictive and Prognostic Biomarkers in Patients With MF and SS (BIO-MUSE) study aims to recruit 120 adult patients with MF or SS and a control group of 20 healthy volunteers. The treatments will be given according to clinical routine. The sampling of each patient will be performed every 3 months for 3 years. The blood samples will be analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase, immunoglobulin E, interleukins, thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, and lymphocyte subpopulations. The lymphoma microenvironment will be investigated through digital spatial profiling and single-cell RNA sequencing. Microbiological sampling and analysis of skin barrier function will be performed. The life quality parameters will be evaluated. The results will be evaluated by the stage of the disease. RESULTS Patient inclusion started in 2021 and is still ongoing in 2023, with 18 patients and 20 healthy controls enrolled. The publication of selected translational findings before the publication of the main results of the trial is accepted. CONCLUSIONS This study aims to investigate blood and skin with a focus on immune cells and the microbiological environment to identify potential new prognostic biomarkers in MF and SS. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04904146; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04904146. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/55723.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Belfrage
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Sara Ek
- Department of Immunotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Åsa Johansson
- Clinical Genetics and Pathology, Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Brauner
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Sonesson
- Division of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristina Drott
- Department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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Biswas N, Bahr A, Howard J, Bonin JL, Grazda R, MacNamara KC. Survivors of polymicrobial sepsis are refractory to G-CSF-induced emergency myelopoiesis and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell mobilization. Stem Cell Reports 2024:S2213-6711(24)00082-1. [PMID: 38608679 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis survivors exhibit immune dysfunction, hematological changes, and increased risk of infection. The long-term impacts of sepsis on hematopoiesis were analyzed using a surgical model of murine sepsis, resulting in 50% survival. During acute disease, phenotypic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) were reduced in the bone marrow (BM), concomitant with increased myeloid colony-forming units and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Upon recovery, BM HSPCs were increased and exhibited normal function in the context of transplantation. To evaluate hematopoietic responses in sepsis survivors, we treated recovered sham and cecal ligation and puncture mice with a mobilizing regimen of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) at day 20 post-surgery. Sepsis survivors failed to undergo emergency myelopoiesis and HSPC mobilization in response to G-CSF administration. G-CSF is produced in response to acute infection and injury to expedite the production of innate immune cells; therefore, our findings contribute to a new understanding of how sepsis predisposes to subsequent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirupam Biswas
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Amber Bahr
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Jennifer Howard
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Jesse L Bonin
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Rachel Grazda
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Katherine C MacNamara
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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11
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Ricklefs FL, Wollmann K, Salviano-Silva A, Drexler R, Maire CL, Kaul MG, Reimer R, Schüller U, Heinemann S, Kolbe K, Mummert T, Glatzel M, Peine S, Gempt J, Westphal M, Dührsen L, Lamszus K. Circulating extracellular vesicles as biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring in glioblastoma patients. Neuro Oncol 2024:noae068. [PMID: 38567448 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noae068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) obtained by noninvasive liquid biopsy from patient blood can serve as biomarkers. Here, we investigated the potential of circulating plasma EVs to serve as an indicator in the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response of glioblastoma patients. METHODS Plasma samples were collected from glioblastoma patients at multiple timepoints before and after surgery. EV concentrations were measured by nanoparticle tracking analysis and imaging flow cytometry. Tumor burden and edema were quantified by 3D reconstruction. EVs and tumors were further monitored in glioma-bearing mice. RESULTS Glioblastoma patients displayed a 5.5-fold increase in circulating EVs compared to healthy donors (p < 0.0001). Patients with higher EV levels had a significantly shorter overall survival and progression-free survival than patients with lower levels, and the plasma EV concentration was an independent prognostic parameter for overall survival. EV levels correlated with the extent of peritumoral FLAIR hyperintensity but not with the size of the contrast-enhancing tumor, and similar findings were obtained in mice. Postoperatively, EV concentrations decreased rapidly back to normal levels, and the magnitude of the decline was associated with the extent of tumor resection. EV levels remained low during stable disease, but increased again upon tumor recurrence. In some patients, EV resurgence preceded the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) detectability of tumor relapse. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that leakiness of the blood-brain barrier may primarily be responsible for the high circulating EV concentrations in glioblastoma patients. Elevated EVs reflect tumor presence, and their quantification may thus be valuable in assessing disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz L Ricklefs
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wollmann
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Amanda Salviano-Silva
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Richard Drexler
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cecile L Maire
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael G Kaul
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rudolph Reimer
- Heinrich-Pette-Institut, Leibnitz Institute for Experimental Virology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Germany
- Research Institute Children's Cancer Center Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Paediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarina Heinemann
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Kolbe
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Mummert
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Glatzel
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg Germany
| | - Sven Peine
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jens Gempt
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manfred Westphal
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany
| | - Lasse Dührsen
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katrin Lamszus
- Laboratory for Brain Tumor Biology, Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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12
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Flament E, Gaulier JM, Paret N, Jarrier N, Bruneau C, Creusat G, Guitton J, Gaillard Y. Application to several suspected poisoning cases of a validated analytical method for the determination of muscarine in human biological matrices using liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry detection. Drug Test Anal 2024; 16:331-338. [PMID: 37488986 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Despite prevention efforts, many cases of mushroom poisoning are reported around the world every year. Among the different toxins implicated in these poisonings, muscarine may induce parasympathetic neurological damage. Muscarine poisonings are poorly reported in the current literature, implying a lack of available data on muscarine concentrations in human matrices. A validated liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry detection (Orbitrap technology) method was developed to determine muscarine concentrations in human urine, plasma, and whole blood samples. Muscarine was determined using 100 μL of biological fluids, and precipitation was used for sample preparation. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed using an Accucore Phenyl-X analytical column with the electrospray source in positive ion mode. Muscarine was quantitated in parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) mode with D9-muscarine as the internal standard. The method was validated successfully over the concentration range 0.1-100 μg/L for plasma and whole blood and 1-100 μg/L for urine, with acceptable precision and accuracy (<13.5%), including the lower limit of quantification. Ten real cases of suspected muscarine poisoning were successfully confirmed with this validated method. Muscarine concentrations in these cases ranged from 0.12 to 14 μg/L in whole blood,
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nathalie Paret
- Poison Control Centre of Lyon, SHUPT, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Nathalie Jarrier
- Poison Control Centre of Lyon, SHUPT, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Chloé Bruneau
- Poison Control Centre of Angers, CHU, Angers, France
| | - Gaelle Creusat
- Poison Control Centre of Nancy, University Hospital, Nancy, France
| | - Jérôme Guitton
- CHU Lyon, Medical unity Pharmacology-Pharmacogenetic-Toxicology, Pierre Bénite, France
- Faculty of Pharmacy Lyon, Toxicology Laboratory, Lyon, France
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13
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Zhong H, Zhou X, Uhm H, Jiang Y, Cao H, Chen Y, Mak TTW, Lo RMN, Wong BWY, Cheng EYL, Mok KY, Chan ALT, Kwok TCY, Mok VCT, Ip FCF, Hardy J, Fu AKY, Ip NY. Using blood transcriptome analysis for Alzheimer's disease diagnosis and patient stratification. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2469-2484. [PMID: 38323937 PMCID: PMC11032555 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Blood protein biomarkers demonstrate potential for Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis. Limited studies examine the molecular changes in AD blood cells. METHODS Bulk RNA-sequencing of blood cells was performed on AD patients of Chinese descent (n = 214 and 26 in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively) with normal controls (n = 208 and 38 in the discovery and validation cohorts, respectively). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and deconvolution analysis identified AD-associated gene modules and blood cell types. Regression and unsupervised clustering analysis identified AD-associated genes, gene modules, cell types, and established AD classification models. RESULTS WGCNA on differentially expressed genes revealed 15 gene modules, with 6 accurately classifying AD (areas under the receiver operating characteristics curve [auROCs] > 0.90). These modules stratified AD patients into subgroups with distinct disease states. Cell-type deconvolution analysis identified specific blood cell types potentially associated with AD pathogenesis. DISCUSSION This study highlights the potential of blood transcriptome for AD diagnosis, patient stratification, and mechanistic studies. HIGHLIGHTS We comprehensively analyze the blood transcriptomes of a well-characterized Alzheimer's disease cohort to identify genes, gene modules, pathways, and specific blood cells associated with the disease. Blood transcriptome analysis accurately classifies and stratifies patients with Alzheimer's disease, with some gene modules achieving classification accuracy comparable to that of the plasma ATN biomarkers. Immune-associated pathways and immune cells, such as neutrophils, have potential roles in the pathogenesis and progression of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhong
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Xiaopu Zhou
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Hyebin Uhm
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Yuanbing Jiang
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Han Cao
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Yu Chen
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
- The Brain Cognition and Brain Disease InstituteShenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen–Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science‐Shenzhen Fundamental Research InstitutionsShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Tiffany T. W. Mak
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Ronnie Ming Nok Lo
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Bonnie Wing Yan Wong
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Elaine Yee Ling Cheng
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
| | - Kin Y. Mok
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
| | | | - Timothy C. Y. Kwok
- Therese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of DementiaDivision of GeriatricsDepartment of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHKSARChina
| | - Vincent C. T. Mok
- Lau Tat‐chuen Research Centre of Brain Degenerative Diseases in ChineseTherese Pei Fong Chow Research Centre for Prevention of DementiaGerald Choa Neuroscience InstituteLi Ka Shing Institute of Health SciencesDivision of NeurologyDepartment of Medicine and TherapeuticsThe Chinese University of Hong KongHKSARChina
| | - Fanny C. F. Ip
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - John Hardy
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- Institute for Advanced StudyThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
| | - Amy K. Y. Fu
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
| | - Nancy Y. Ip
- Division of Life ScienceState Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience and Molecular Neuroscience CenterThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyHKSARChina
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesInnoHKHKSARChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain ScienceDisease and Drug DevelopmentHKUST Shenzhen Research InstituteShenzhenGuangdongChina
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14
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Faddy HM, Osiowy C, Custer B, Busch M, Stramer SL, Adesina O, van de Laar T, Tsoi WC, Styles C, Kiely P, Margaritis A, Kwon SY, Qiu Y, Deng X, Lewin A, Jørgensen SW, Erikstrup C, Juhl D, Sauleda S, Camacho Rodriguez BA, Coral LJCS, Gaviria García PA, Oota S, O'Brien SF, Wendel S, Castro E, Navarro Pérez L, Harvala H, Davison K, Reynolds C, Jarvis L, Grabarczyk P, Kopacz A, Łętowska M, O'Flaherty N, Young F, Williams P, Burke L, Chua SS, Muylaert A, Page I, Jones A, Niederhauser C, Vermeulen M, Laperche S, Gallian P, Sawadogo S, Satake M, Gharehbaghian A, Addas-Carvalho M, Blanco S, Gallego SV, Seltsam A, Weber-Schehl M, Al-Riyami AZ, Al Maamari K, Alawi FB, Pandey HC, Mbanya D, França RA, Charlewood R. International review of blood donation nucleic acid amplification testing. Vox Sang 2024; 119:315-325. [PMID: 38390819 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT), in blood services context, is used for the detection of viral and parasite nucleic acids to reduce transfusion-transmitted infections. This project reviewed NAT for screening blood donations globally. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey on NAT usage, developed by the International Society of Blood Transfusion Working Party on Transfusion-transmitted Infectious Diseases (ISBT WP-TTID), was distributed through ISBT WP-TTID members. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS Forty-three responses were received from 32 countries. Increased adoption of blood donation viral screening by NAT was observed over the past decade. NAT-positive donations were detected for all viruses tested in 2019 (proportion of donations positive by NAT were 0.0099% for human immunodeficiency virus [HIV], 0.0063% for hepatitis C virus [HCV], 0.0247% for hepatitis B virus [HBV], 0.0323% for hepatitis E virus [HEV], 0.0014% for West Nile virus [WNV] and 0.00005% for Zika virus [ZIKV]). Globally, over 3100 NAT-positive donations were identified as NAT yield or solely by NAT in 2019 and over 22,000 since the introduction of NAT, with HBV accounting for over half. NAT-positivity rate was higher in first-time donors for all viruses tested except WNV. During 2019, a small number of participants performed NAT for parasites (Trypanosoma cruzi, Babesia spp., Plasmodium spp.). CONCLUSION This survey captures current use of blood donation NAT globally. There has been increased NAT usage over the last decade. It is clear that NAT contributes to improving blood transfusion safety globally; however, there is a need to overcome economic barriers for regions/countries not performing NAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen M Faddy
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Petrie, Queensland, Australia
- Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carla Osiowy
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Brian Custer
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Michael Busch
- Vitalant Research Institute, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Susan L Stramer
- Scientific Affairs, American Red Cross, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Thijs van de Laar
- Department of Donor Medicine Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Wai-Chiu Tsoi
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Claire Styles
- Pathology & Clinical Governance, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Phil Kiely
- Pathology & Clinical Governance, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Angelo Margaritis
- Manufacturing & Logistics, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - So-Yong Kwon
- Korean Red Cross Blood Services, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yan Qiu
- Beijing Red Cross Blood Centre, Beijing, China
| | | | - Antoine Lewin
- Medical Affairs and Innovation, Héma-Québec, Saint-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Christian Erikstrup
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - David Juhl
- University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Kiel, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Sineenart Oota
- National Blood Centre, Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | | | - Emma Castro
- Centro de Transfusión de la Comunidad Valenciana, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Heli Harvala
- Microbiology Services, NHS Blood and Transplant, Bristol, UK
| | - Katy Davison
- NHSBT/UKHSA Epidemiology Unit, UKHSA, London, UK
| | | | - Lisa Jarvis
- Scottish National Blood Transfusion Service, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Piotr Grabarczyk
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Kopacz
- Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Fiona Young
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Lisa Burke
- Irish Blood Transfusion Service, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Isabel Page
- Centro de Hemoterapia y Hemodonacion de Castilla y Leon, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ann Jones
- Welsh Blood Service, Pontyclun, Wales, UK
| | | | - Marion Vermeulen
- The South African National Blood Service, Weltevreden Park, South Africa
| | - Syria Laperche
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, Tours, France
| | - Pierre Gallian
- Etablissement Français du Sang, La Plaine Saint Denis, Tours, France
| | - Salam Sawadogo
- National Blood Transfusion Center of Burkina Faso, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | | | - Ahmad Gharehbaghian
- Laboratory Hematology & Blood Bank Department, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sandra V Gallego
- Fundación Banco Central de Sangre, Córdoba, Argentina
- Virology Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Axel Seltsam
- Bavarian Red Cross Blood Donation Service, Wiesentheid, Germany
| | | | - Arwa Z Al-Riyami
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Khuloud Al Maamari
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Fatma Ba Alawi
- Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Hem Chandra Pandey
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dora Mbanya
- National Blood Transfusion Service, Yaoundé, Cameroon
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15
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Kang EYC, Shen CR, Huang XC, Kang CY, Lin TY, Hong WH, Yang LY, Wu WC, Hwang YS. Noncontact optical device for measuring blood glucose in aqueous humor: a pilot clinical study investigating correlation with blood glucose levels. J Biomed Opt 2024; 29:047001. [PMID: 38638839 PMCID: PMC11025639 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.4.047001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Significance Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial for individuals with diabetes. Noninvasive methods for measuring serum glucose levels have been explored to aid in blood glucose control for diabetes management. Aim We introduced a noncontact optical glucometer (NCGM) for measuring glucose levels in the aqueous humor of the human eye. We also investigated the correlation between glucose levels in the NCGM and the aqueous humor, blood samples, and self-monitoring blood glucose devices. Approach The optical system used in this study measured both the near-infrared absorption and polarized rotatory distribution of glucose molecules in the human aqueous humor. This prospective study's outcomes were eye aqueous glucose level, preoperative blood glucose level, intraoperative blood glucose level, and NCGM reading of patients in a single center in Taiwan. Results The NCGM's measurements showed a strong correlation with blood glucose levels (intra-class correlation [ICC]: 0.95 to 0.98) and aqueous humor glucose levels (ICC: 0.76), indicating its ability to noninvasively measure blood glucose levels in human subjects. Conclusions This NCGM may offer a convenient, pain-free, and rapid tool for measuring blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The device could represent a significant advancement in noncontact hybrid optical glucose measurement systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, United States
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Cheng Huang
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ya Kang
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Department of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Hong
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Yan Yang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Clinical Trial Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung, Taiwan
- Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, China
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16
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Andreasson LM, Dyhre-Petersen N, Hvidtfeldt M, Jørgensen GØ, Von Bülow A, Klein DK, Uller L, Erjefält J, Porsbjerg C, Sverrild A. Airway hyperresponsiveness correlates with airway TSLP in asthma independent of eosinophilic inflammation. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:988-997.e11. [PMID: 38081546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.11.915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is released from the airway epithelium in response to various environmental triggers, inducing a type-2 inflammatory response, and is associated with airway inflammation, airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), and exacerbations. TSLP may also induce AHR via a direct effect on airway smooth muscle and mast cells, independently of type-2 inflammation, although association between airway TSLP and AHR across asthma phenotypes has been described sparsely. OBJECTIVES This study sought to investigate the association between AHR and levels of TSLP in serum, sputum, and bronchoalveolar lavage in patients with asthma with and without type-2 inflammation. METHODS A novel ultrasensitive assay was used to measure levels of TSLP in patients with asthma (serum, n = 182; sputum, n = 81; bronchoalveolar lavage, n = 85) and healthy controls (serum, n = 47). The distribution and association among airway and systemic TSLP, measures of AHR, type-2 inflammation, and severity of disease were assessed. RESULTS TSLP in sputum was associated with AHR independently of levels of eosinophils and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (ρ = 0.49, P = .005). Serum TSLP was higher in both eosinophil-high and eosinophil-low asthma compared to healthy controls: geometric mean: 1600 fg/mL (95% CI: 1468-1744 fg/mL) and 1294 fg/mL (95% CI: 1167-1435 fg/mL) versus 846 fg/mL (95% CI: 661-1082 fg/mL), but did not correlate with the level of AHR. Increasing age, male sex, and eosinophils in blood were associated with higher levels of TSLP in serum, whereas lung function, inhaled corticosteroid dose, and symptom score were not. CONCLUSIONS The association between TSLP in sputum and AHR to mannitol irrespective of markers of type-2 inflammation further supports a role of TSLP in AHR that is partially independent of eosinophilic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Munkholm Andreasson
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nanna Dyhre-Petersen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Hvidtfeldt
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gustav Ørting Jørgensen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anna Von Bülow
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ditte Kjærsgaard Klein
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lena Uller
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jonas Erjefält
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Celeste Porsbjerg
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Asger Sverrild
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Chen X, Luo C, Liu Y, Li T, Zhang H, Feng X. Effects of soyhulls with different particle size on the growth performance, blood indices and gut microbiota of yellow feather broilers. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:191-202. [PMID: 38416127 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2308276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
1. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soyhulls with different particle sizes on the growth performance, blood indices and gut microbiota of yellow feather broilers.2. Total of 240 healthy, one-day-old, yellow feather broilers were randomly divided into four groups, with six pen replicates within each group and ten birds per pen. The control group birds were fed the basal diet (Control). For the treatment groups, 5% soyhulls with different particle sizes were included in the basal diet. The particle size geometric mean diameters (dgw) of the soyhulls in the three treatment groups were 299.69 μm (LowPS), 489.85 μm (MediumPS) and 734.83 μm (HighPS) with geometric standard deviation (Sgw) 1.75 μm, 1.62 μm and 1.67 μm, respectively.3. Results showed that the growth performance variables and organ indices were not different among the four groups. The MediumPS group had increased TG, T-CHO, ALT, HDL-C, and GSH-PX levels and decreased T-AOC levels, whereas LowPS and HighPS groups had increased HDL-C and GSH-PX levels (p < 0.05). Microbial diversity analysis showed that the intestinal microbiota of yellow feather broilers mainly included Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes. Inclusion of 5% soyhulls with different particle size had no effect on alpha diversity indices of caecal microbiota. The HighPS group had significantly higher relative abundance of Firmicutes spp. and lower Bacteroidetes spp. compared with the LowPS and MediumPS group but this was not different from the Control group. The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria spp. was significantly higher in the HighPS group than the other three groups. LEfSe analysis showed that there were more enriched biomarker taxa in the groups with soyhulls than the control group.4. Overall, the inclusion of soyhulls with different particle sizes had limited effects on growth performance, blood indices and caecal microbiota composition of yellow feather broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - C Luo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Y Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - T Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - H Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - X Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
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18
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Cavalerie R, Santos ACD, Leonardi H, Blond L, Beurlet S, Dumont R, Piazza S. C-reactive protein concentration has limited value in the diagnosis of meningoencephalitis of unknown origin in dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2024; 262:481-488. [PMID: 38266391 DOI: 10.2460/javma.23.11.0606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) in dogs with meningoencephalitis of unknown origin (MUO); to evaluate whether blood CRP concentration is associated with epidemiological, clinicopathologic, and MRI findings; and to investigate blood CRP predictive power in survival. ANIMALS 30 client-owned dogs with MUO, 15 client-owned dogs with steroid-responsive meningitis arteritis (SRMA; positive control group), and 15 healthy dogs (negative control group). METHODS Blood CRP concentration was measured in each group, while it was performed in CSF only in the MUO and SRMA groups. The analysis of epidemiological data included breed, age, sex, duration of clinical signs, and history of seizures. Blinded analysis of MRI was performed based on a classification grid, and traditional CSF analysis parameters were assessed. The predictive power of blood CRP concentration regarding survival at 6 months was investigated. RESULTS Of the 30 dogs with MUO, 9 (30%) had an increased CRP concentration in blood, and 3 (10%) showed a measurable CRP in CSF. Median blood CRP concentration in dogs with MUO was 0.1 mg/L (range, 0.1 to 102 mg/L), which was not statistically different from the healthy dog group but significantly lower than the SRMA control group. Only the duration of clinical signs was positively associated with an increased blood CRP level. Blood CRP concentration was not associated with survival at 6 months. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Blood CRP concentration is of limited value for the diagnosis and prognosis of dogs with MUO. Chronicity of the disease may be associated with an increased concentration of blood CRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Cavalerie
- 1Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Languedocia, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Hugo Leonardi
- 1Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Languedocia, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Blond
- 2Diagnostic Imaging Department, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Languedocia, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Renaud Dumont
- 4Internal Medicine Department, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Frégis, Arcueil, France
| | - Stéphanie Piazza
- 1Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Centre Hospitalier Vétérinaire Languedocia, Montpellier, France
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19
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Huber H, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Boada M, Jeromin A, Weninger H, Nuñez‐Llaves R, Aguilera N, Ramis M, Simrén J, Nilsson J, Lantero‐Rodriguez J, Orellana A, García‐Gutiérrez F, Morató X, Ashton NJ, Montoliu‐Gaya L. Biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and neurodegeneration in dried blood spots-A new collection method for remote settings. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:2340-2352. [PMID: 38284555 PMCID: PMC11032540 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to evaluate the precision of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegeneration biomarker measurements from venous dried plasma spots (DPSv enous) for the diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases in remote settings. METHODS In a discovery (n = 154) and a validation cohort (n = 115), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP); neurofilament light (NfL); amyloid beta (Aβ) 40, Aβ42; and phosphorylated tau (p-tau181 and p-tau217) were measured in paired DPSvenous and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid plasma samples with single-molecule array. In the validation cohort, a subset of participants (n = 99) had cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. RESULTS All DPSvenous and plasma analytes correlated significantly, except for Aβ42. In the validation cohort, DPSvenous GFAP, NfL, p-tau181, and p-tau217 differed between CSF Aβ-positive and -negative individuals and were associated with worsening cognition. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that measuring blood biomarkers related to AD pathology and neurodegeneration from DPSvenous extends the utility of blood-based biomarkers to remote settings with simplified sampling conditions, storage, and logistics. HIGHLIGHTS A wide array of biomarkers related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neurodegeneration were detectable in dried plasma spots (DPSvenous). DPSvenous biomarkers correlated with standard procedures and cognitive status. DPSvenous biomarkers had a good diagnostic accuracy discriminating amyloid status. Our findings show the potential interchangeability of DPSvenous and plasma sampling. DPSvenous may facilitate remote and temperature-independent sampling for AD biomarker measurement. Innovative tools for blood biomarker sampling may help recognizing the earliest changes of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Huber
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry LaboratorySahlgrenska University HospitalMölndalSweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative DiseaseUCL Institute of NeurologyLondonUK
- UK Dementia Research InstituteUCLLondonUK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative DiseasesHong KongChina
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterUniversity of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public HealthMadisonWisconsinUSA
| | - Mercé Boada
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Ace Alzheimer Center BarcelonaInternational University of Catalunya (UIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Haley Weninger
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Raul Nuñez‐Llaves
- Ace Alzheimer Center BarcelonaInternational University of Catalunya (UIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Núria Aguilera
- Ace Alzheimer Center BarcelonaInternational University of Catalunya (UIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Maribel Ramis
- Ace Alzheimer Center BarcelonaInternational University of Catalunya (UIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Joel Simrén
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Johanna Nilsson
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Juan Lantero‐Rodriguez
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
| | - Adelina Orellana
- Ace Alzheimer Center BarcelonaInternational University of Catalunya (UIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | | | - Xavier Morató
- Networking Research Center on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)Instituto de Salud Carlos IIIMadridSpain
- Ace Alzheimer Center BarcelonaInternational University of Catalunya (UIC)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Nicholas J. Ashton
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- Centre for Age‐Related MedicineStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
| | - Laia Montoliu‐Gaya
- Department of Psychiatry and NeurochemistryInstitute of Neuroscience and Physiologythe Shagreens Academy at the University of GothenburgMölndalSweden
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20
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Dupuis O, Girardie J, Van Gaever M, Garnier P, Coq JO, Canu MH, Dupont E. Early Movement Restriction Affects FNDC5/Irisin and BDNF Levels in Rat Muscle and Brain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3918. [PMID: 38612728 PMCID: PMC11011789 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Interaction with the environment appears necessary for the maturation of sensorimotor and cognitive functions in early life. In rats, a model of sensorimotor restriction (SMR) from postnatal day 1 (P1) to P28 has shown that low and atypical sensorimotor activities induced the perturbation of motor behavior due to muscle weakness and the functional disorganization of the primary somatosensory and motor cortices. In the present study, our objective was to understand how SMR affects the muscle-brain dialogue. We focused on irisin, a myokine secreted by skeletal muscles in response to exercise. FNDC5/irisin expression was determined in hindlimb muscles and brain structures by Western blotting, and irisin expression in blood and cerebrospinal fluid was determined using an ELISA assay at P8, P15, P21 and P28. Since irisin is known to regulate its expression, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) levels were also measured in the same brain structures. We demonstrated that SMR increases FNDC5/irisin levels specifically in the soleus muscle (from P21) and also affects this protein expression in several brain structures (as early as P15). The BDNF level was increased in the hippocampus at P8. To conclude, SMR affects FNDC5/irisin levels in a postural muscle and in several brain regions and has limited effects on BDNF expression in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orlane Dupuis
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France (J.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Julien Girardie
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France (J.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Mélanie Van Gaever
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France (J.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Philippe Garnier
- INSERM UMR1093-CAPS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UFR Des Sciences de Santé, F-21000 Dijon, France
- Département Génie Biologique, IUT, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Jacques-Olivier Coq
- Institut des Sciences du Mouvement, UMR7287, Aix-Marseille Université, F-13000 Marseille, France;
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR7287, F-13000 Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Hélène Canu
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France (J.G.); (E.D.)
| | - Erwan Dupont
- Univ. Lille, Univ. Artois, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, ULR 7369, URePSSS—Unité de Recherche Pluridisciplinaire Sport Santé Société, F-59000 Lille, France (J.G.); (E.D.)
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21
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Laudanski K, Mahmoud MA, Ahmed AS, Susztak K, Mathew A, Chen J. Immunological Signatures in Blood and Urine in 80 Individuals Hospitalized during the Initial Phase of COVID-19 Pandemic with Quantified Nicotine Exposure. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3714. [PMID: 38612525 PMCID: PMC11011256 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This research analyzes immunological response patterns to SARS-CoV-2 infection in blood and urine in individuals with serum cotinine-confirmed exposure to nicotine. Samples of blood and urine were obtained from a total of 80 patients admitted to hospital within 24 h of admission (tadm), 48 h later (t48h), and 7 days later (t7d) if patients remained hospitalized or at discharge. Serum cotinine above 3.75 ng/mL was deemed as biologically significant exposure to nicotine. Viral load was measured with serum SARS-CoV-2 S-spike protein. Titer of IgG, IgA, and IgM against S- and N-protein assessed specific antiviral responses. Cellular destruction was measured by high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1) serum levels and heat shock protein 60 (Hsp-60). Serum interleukin 6 (IL-6), and ferritin gauged non-specific inflammation. The immunological profile was assessed with O-link. Serum titers of IgA were lower at tadm in smokers vs. nonsmokers (p = 0.0397). IgM at t48h was lower in cotinine-positive individuals (p = 0.0188). IgG did not differ between cotinine-positive and negative individuals. HMGB-1 at admission was elevated in cotinine positive individuals. Patients with positive cotinine did not exhibit increased markers of non-specific inflammation and tissue destruction. The blood immunological profile had distinctive differences at admission (MIC A/B↓), 48 h (CCL19↓, MCP-3↓, CD28↑, CD8↓, IFNγ↓, IL-12↓, GZNB↓, MIC A/B↓) or 7 days (CD28↓) in the cotinine-positive group. The urine immunological profile showed a profile with minimal overlap with blood as the following markers being affected at tadm (CCL20↑, CXCL5↑, CD8↑, IL-12↑, MIC A/B↑, GZNH↑, TNFRS14↑), t48h (CCL20↓, TRAIL↓) and t7d (EGF↑, ADA↑) in patients with a cotinine-positive test. Here, we showed a distinctive immunological profile in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with confirmed exposure to nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Laudanski
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
| | - Mohamed A. Mahmoud
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.M.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Ahmed Sayed Ahmed
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA; (M.A.M.); (A.S.A.)
| | - Kaitlin Susztak
- Department of Nephrology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA;
| | - Amal Mathew
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - James Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA;
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22
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Alam J, Murtaza G, Tzirtzilakis EE, Sun S, Ferdows M. Flow and Heat Transfer of CoFe 2O 4- Blood Due to a Rotating Stretchable Cylinder under the Influence of a Magnetic Field. Bioengineering (Basel) 2024; 11:317. [PMID: 38671738 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering11040317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The flow and heat transfer of a steady, viscous biomagnetic fluid containing magnetic particles caused by the swirling and stretching motion of a three-dimensional cylinder has been investigated numerically in this study. Because fluid and particle rotation are different, a magnetic field is applied in both radial and tangential directions to counteract the effects of rotational viscosity in the flow domain. Partial differential equations are used to represent the governing three-dimensional modeled equations. With the aid of customary similarity transformations, this system of partial differential equations is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations. They are then numerically resolved utilizing a common finite differences technique that includes iterative processing and the manipulation of tridiagonal matrices. Graphs are used to depict the physical effects of imperative parameters on the swirling velocity, temperature distributions, skin friction coefficient, and the rate of heat transfer. For higher values of the ferromagnetic interaction parameter, it is discovered that the axial velocity increases, whereas temperature and tangential velocity drop. With rising levels of the ferromagnetic interaction parameter, the size of the axial skin friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer are both accelerated. In some limited circumstances, a comparison with previously published work is also handled and found to be acceptably accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahangir Alam
- Research Group of Fluid Flow Modeling and Simulation, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Ghulam Murtaza
- Department of Mathematics, Comilla University, Cumilla 3506, Bangladesh
| | - Efstratios E Tzirtzilakis
- Fluid Mechanics and Turbomachinery Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Peloponnese, 22100 Tripoli, Greece
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Physical and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwai 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Ferdows
- Research Group of Fluid Flow Modeling and Simulation, Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
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Liu Y, Yu L, Chen L, Chen K, Xu H, Chen M, Yi K, Li Y, Chen T, Wang F, Wang F, Zhu J, Wang F, Xiao X, Yang Y. Gradient Hydrogels Spatially Trapped Optical Cell Profiling for Quantitative Blood Cellular Osmotic Analysis. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1592-1601. [PMID: 38477713 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The quantitative exploration of cellular osmotic responses and a thorough analysis of osmotic pressure-responsive cellular behaviors are poised to offer novel clinical insights into current research. This underscores a paradigm shift in the long-standing approach of colorimetric measurements triggered by red cell lysis. In this study, we engineered a purpose-driven optofluidic platform to facilitate the goal. Specifically, creating photocurable hydrogel traps surmounts a persistent challenge─optical signal interference from fluid disturbances. This achievement ensures a stable spatial phase of cells and the acquisition of optical signals for accurate osmotic response analysis at the single-cell level. Leveraging a multigradient microfluidic system, we constructed gradient osmotic hydrogel traps and developed an imaging recognition algorithm, empowering comprehensive analysis of cellular behaviors. Notably, this system has successfully and precisely analyzed individual and clustered cellular responses within the osmotic dimension. Prospective clinical testing has further substantiated its feasibility and performance in that it demonstrates an accuracy of 92% in discriminating complete hemolysis values (n = 25) and 100% in identifying initial hemolysis values (n = 25). Foreseeably, this strategy should promise to advance osmotic pressure-related cellular response analysis, benefiting further investigation and diagnosis of related blood diseases, blood quality, drug development, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yantong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Le Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Longfei Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Keyu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Hongshan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Kezhen Yi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Faxi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Jiaomeng Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fubing Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Institute of Translational Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, Wuhan University, Shenzhen 518000, China
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24
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Jones AW. Concentration units used to report blood- and breath-alcohol concentration for legal purposes differ between countries which is important to consider when blood/breath ratios of alcohol are compared and contrasted. J Forensic Sci 2024. [PMID: 38520069 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
This technical note reviews the plethora of concentration units used to report blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) and breath-alcohol concentrations (BrAC) for legal purposes in different countries. The choice of units sometimes causes confusion when scientific papers originating from a certain country might be introduced into evidence via expert testimony, such as when alcohol-related crimes are prosecuted. The concentration units are also important to consider when blood/breath ratios (BBRs) of alcohol are calculated and compared between countries. Statutory BAC limits for driving in most nations are reported in mass/volume (m/v) units, such as g/100 mL (g%) in the United States, mg/100 mL (mg%) in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland, or g/L (mg/mL) in many EU nations. By contrast, Germany and the Nordic countries report BAC as mass/mass (m/m) units, hence g/kg or mg/g, which are ~5.5% lower than m/v units, because whole blood has an average density of 1.055 g/mL. There are historical reasons for reporting BAC in mass/mass units because the aliquots of blood analyzed were measured by weight rather than volume. The difference between m/m and m/v is also important in postmortem toxicology, such as when distribution ratios of ethanol between blood and other biological specimens, such as urine, vitreous humor, and cerebrospinal fluid, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Wayne Jones
- Division of Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Linköping, Linkoping, Sweden
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25
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Lee DJ, O'Donnell EK, Raje N, Panaroni C, Redd R, Ligibel J, Sears DD, Nadeem O, Ghobrial IM, Marinac CR. Design and Rationale of Prolonged Nightly Fasting for Multiple Myeloma Prevention (PROFAST): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e51368. [PMID: 38466984 DOI: 10.2196/51368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is an established, modifiable risk factor of multiple myeloma (MM); yet, no lifestyle interventions are routinely recommended for patients with overweight or obesity with MM precursor conditions. Prolonged nightly fasting is a simple, practical dietary regimen supported by research, suggesting that the synchronization of feeding-fasting timing with sleep-wake cycles favorably affects metabolic pathways implicated in MM. We describe the design and rationale of a randomized controlled pilot trial evaluating the efficacy of a regular, prolonged nighttime fasting schedule among individuals with overweight or obesity at high risk for developing MM or a related lymphoid malignancy. OBJECTIVE We aim to investigate the effects of 4-month prolonged nightly fasting on body composition and tumor biomarkers among individuals with overweight or obesity with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), or smoldering Waldenström macroglobulinemia (SWM). METHODS Individuals with MGUS, SMM, or SWM aged ≥18 years and a BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 are randomized to either a 14-hour nighttime fasting intervention or a healthy lifestyle education control group. Participants' baseline diet and lifestyle patterns are characterized through two 24-hour dietary recalls: questionnaires querying demographic, comorbidity, lifestyle, and quality-of-life information; and wrist actigraphy measurements for 7 days. Fasting intervention participants are supported through one-on-one telephone counseling by a health coach and automated SMS text messaging to support fasting goals. Primary end points of body composition, including visceral and subcutaneous fat (by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry); bone marrow adiposity (by bone marrow histology); and tumor biomarkers, specifically M-proteins and serum free light-chain concentrations (by gel-based and serum free light-chain assays), are assessed at baseline and after the 4-month study period; changes therein from baseline are evaluated using a repeated measures mixed-effects model that accounts for the correlation between baseline and follow-up measures and is generally robust to missing data. Feasibility is assessed as participant retention (percent dropout in each arm) and percentage of days participants achieved a ≥14-hour fast. RESULTS The PROlonged nightly FASTing (PROFAST) study was funded in June 2022. Participant recruitment commenced in April 2023. As of July 2023, six participants consented to the study. The study is expected to be completed by April 2024, and data analysis and results are expected to be published in the first quarter of 2025. CONCLUSIONS PROFAST serves as an important first step in exploring the premise that prolonged nightly fasting is a strategy to control obesity and obesity-related mechanisms of myelomagenesis. In evaluating the feasibility and impact of prolonged nightly fasting on body composition, bone marrow adipose tissue, and biomarkers of tumor burden, this pilot study may generate hypotheses regarding metabolic mechanisms underlying MM development and ultimately inform clinical and public health strategies for MM prevention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05565638; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05565638. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/51368.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Lee
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth K O'Donnell
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Early Detection and Interception of Blood Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Noopur Raje
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Cristina Panaroni
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert Redd
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jennifer Ligibel
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dorothy D Sears
- College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, United States
| | - Omar Nadeem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Early Detection and Interception of Blood Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Early Detection and Interception of Blood Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Catherine R Marinac
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Center for Early Detection and Interception of Blood Cancers, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
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Bushell D, Tan JKH, Smith J, Moro C. The identification of diurnal variations on circulating immune cells by finger prick blood sampling in small sample sizes: a pilot study. Lab Med 2024; 55:220-226. [PMID: 37478465 PMCID: PMC10920974 DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are well-described impacts of biological rhythms on human physiology. With the increasing push for routine blood tests for preventative medical care and clinical and physiological research, optimizing effectiveness is paramount. This study aimed to determine whether it is feasible to assess diurnal variations of peripheral lymphocyte prevalence using finger prick blood in a small sample size. METHODS Using polychromatic flow cytometry, the prevalence of lymphocytes was assessed using 25 µL fingertip blood samples at 8 AM and 5 PM from 8 participants. RESULTS TH cells and B cells showed significantly higher percentages in the 5 PM samples, whereas NK cells demonstrated a significantly higher morning percentage. T cells, leukocytes, and cytotoxic T cells showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION The detection of diurnal variations demonstrates that small blood volumes can be used to detect lymphocyte variations. The lower blood volume required provides a new testing method for clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayna Bushell
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
| | | | - Jessica Smith
- Clem Jones Centre for Regenerative Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
| | - Christian Moro
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Robina, Australia
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27
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Carver AJ, Hing B, Elser BA, Lussier SJ, Yamanashi T, Howard MA, Kawasaki H, Shinozaki G, Stevens HE. Correlation of telomere length in brain tissue with peripheral tissues in living human subjects. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1303974. [PMID: 38516039 PMCID: PMC10954899 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1303974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomeres are important to chromosomal stability, and changes in their length correlate with disease, potentially relevant to brain disorders. Assessing telomere length in human brain is invasive, but whether peripheral tissue telomere length correlates with that in brain is not known. Saliva, buccal, blood, and brain samples were collected at time points before, during, and after subjects undergoing neurosurgery (n = 35) for intractable epilepsy. DNA was isolated from samples and average telomere length assessed by qPCR. Correlations of telomere length between tissue samples were calculated across subjects. When data were stratified by sex, saliva telomere length correlated with brain telomere length in males only. Buccal telomere length correlated with brain telomere length when males and females were combined. These findings indicate that in living subjects, telomere length in peripheral tissues variably correlates with that in brain and may be dependent on sex. Peripheral tissue telomere length may provide insight into brain telomere length, relevant to assessment of brain disorder pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annemarie J. Carver
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Benjamin Hing
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Benjamin A. Elser
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Lussier
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Biostatistics Graduate Program, College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Takehiko Yamanashi
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Division of Neuropsychiatry, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan
| | - Matthew A. Howard
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Hiroto Kawasaki
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Neurosurgery, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
| | - Gen Shinozaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Standford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Hanna E. Stevens
- Department of Psychiatry, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Iowa Neuroscience Institute, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Human Toxicology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
- Hawk-Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States
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28
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Bernardo M. Analysing arterial blood gas results using the RoMe technique. Nurs Stand 2024; 39:40-43. [PMID: 38312004 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2024.e12193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis is a fundamental skill in healthcare practice, particularly when caring for acutely unwell or deteriorating patients. It can be useful in the assessment of patients' acid-base balance and gas exchange, thereby informing appropriate care and management. However, many nurses find interpreting ABG results challenging. This article outlines a simplified approach to ABG analysis using three main values - pH, partial pressure of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate - and applying the RoMe ('Respiratory opposite, Metabolic equal') technique. It also provides brief descriptions of selected acid-base imbalances and explains how to identify whether these are uncompensated, partially compensated or fully compensated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlon Bernardo
- Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, London, England
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Puenpa J, Intharasongkroh D, Vongpunsawad S, Chaiwanichsiri D, Poovorawan Y. Inadvertent Platelet Transfusion from Monkeypox Virus-Infected Donor to Recipient, Thailand, 2023. Emerg Infect Dis 2024; 30:603-605. [PMID: 38407395 PMCID: PMC10902518 DOI: 10.3201/eid3003.231539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In Thailand, platelet product from a blood donor was transfused to a recipient who had dengue. Two days later, the donor was confirmed to have monkeypox virus infection. Monkeypox virus DNA was undetectable in recipient specimens up to 2 weeks after transfusion. The recipient remained asymptomatic at 4 weeks of monitoring.
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Madej JP, Graczyk S, Bobrek K, Bajzert J, Gaweł A. Impact of early posthatch feeding on the immune system and selected hematological, biochemical, and hormonal parameters in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103366. [PMID: 38183879 PMCID: PMC10809208 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Under commercial conditions, chicks hatch within a 24 to 48 h window, a period known as the hatching window. Subsequently, they undergo various treatments before finally being transported to the broiler farm. These procedures may delay the chicks' access to food and water, sometimes receiving them as late as 72 h after hatching. Previous studies have indicated that fasting during this initial period is detrimental, leading to impaired body growth, compromised immune system response, and hindered muscle development. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of early posthatch feeding on immune system organs and selected hematological, biochemical, and hormonal parameters. The experiment utilized Ross 308 broiler eggs incubated under typical commercial hatchery conditions. The experimental group's eggs were hatched in HatchCare hatchers (HC) with immediate access to feed and water, while the control group's eggs were hatched under standard conditions (ST). Thirty chickens from each group were assessed on the 1st (D1), 7th (D7), 21st (D21), and 35th (D35) day after hatching. On D1, the HC group exhibited lower hemoglobin, hematocrit, and total serum protein values, suggesting that early access to water prevents initial dehydration in newborn chicks. Conversely, the ST group showed a stress reaction on D1 due to feed deprivation, leading to an almost 2-fold higher serum corticosterone concentration compared to the HC group. However, this increase did not result in a significant change in the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio. Furthermore, the HC group displayed an increase in triglyceride concentration and a decrease in HDL concentration on D1. On D7, the HC group exhibited an increased relative weight of the bursa and a higher CD4+ cell number in the cecal tonsil (CT), indicating a more rapid development of these organs resulting from early stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract. However, early feeding did not influence the numbers of Bu-1+, CD4+, and CD8+ cells or the germinal center (GC) areas in the spleen. In conclusion, early feeding contributes to the welfare of newborn chicks by reducing dehydration and stress levels and stimulating the development of gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan P Madej
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Prevention, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Stanisław Graczyk
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Prevention, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Kamila Bobrek
- Department of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław 50-366, Poland
| | - Joanna Bajzert
- Department of Immunology, Pathophysiology and Veterinary Prevention, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław 50-375, Poland
| | - Andrzej Gaweł
- Department of Epizootiology with Clinic of Birds and Exotic Animals, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław 50-366, Poland.
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31
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Mowat Y, Hoad V, Masser B, Kaldor J, Heywood A, Thorpe R, McManus H, McGregor S, Haire B. The impact of blood donation deferral strategies on the eligibility of men who have sex with men and other sexual risk behavior in Australia. Transfusion 2024; 64:493-500. [PMID: 38348786 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Australia, a man cannot donate blood if he has had sex with another man within the past 3 months. However, this policy has been criticized as being discriminatory as it does not consider lower risk subgroups, and led to calls for modifications to the policy that more accurately distinguish risk among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM). STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from a nationally representative survey to estimate the proportion of GBM aged 18-74 years old who would be eligible to donate under current criteria and other scenarios. RESULTS Among the 5178 survey participants, 155 (3.0%) were classified as GBM based on survey responses, Among the GBM, 40.2% (95% CI 28.0%-53.7%) were eligible to donate based on current criteria, and 21.0% (95% CI 14.5%-29.5%) were ineligible due to the 3 months deferral alone. Eligibility among GBM, all men, and the population increased as criteria were removed. Under the new Australian plasma donation criteria, 73.6% (95% CI 64.4%-81.1%) of GBM, 68.4% (95% CI 65.5%-71.2%) of all men, and 60.8% (95% CI 58.8%-62.8%) of the full population were estimated to be eligible. Only 16.1% (95% CI 8.6%-28.1%) of GBM knew that the male-to-male sex deferral period is 3 months. DISCUSSION Changing the deferral criteria and sexual risk evaluation would lead to a higher proportion of GBM being eligible to donate blood. Knowledge of the current GBM deferral period is very low. Improved education about the current criteria and any future changes are required to improve blood donation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Mowat
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Veronica Hoad
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Barbara Masser
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - John Kaldor
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anita Heywood
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachel Thorpe
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Hamish McManus
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Skye McGregor
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bridget Haire
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Sanchez E, Wilkinson T, Coughlan G, Mirza S, Baril A, Ramirez J, Binns MA, Black SE, Borrie M, Dilliott AA, Dixon RA, Dowlatshahi D, Farhan S, Finger E, Fischer CE, Frank A, Freedman M, Goncalves RA, Grimes DA, Hassan A, Hegele RA, Kumar S, Lang AE, Marras C, McLaughlin PM, Orange JB, Pasternak SH, Pollock BG, Rajji TK, Roberts AC, Robinson JF, Rogaeva E, Sahlas DJ, Saposnik G, Strong MJ, Swartz RH, Tang‐Wai DF, Tartaglia MC, Troyer AK, Kvartsberg H, Zetterberg H, Munoz DP, Masellis M. Association of plasma biomarkers with cognition, cognitive decline, and daily function across and within neurodegenerative diseases: Results from the Ontario Neurodegenerative Disease Research Initiative. Alzheimers Dement 2024; 20:1753-1770. [PMID: 38105605 PMCID: PMC10984487 DOI: 10.1002/alz.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We investigated whether novel plasma biomarkers are associated with cognition, cognitive decline, and functional independence in activities of daily living across and within neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), phosphorylated tau (p-tau)181 and amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 were measured using ultra-sensitive Simoa immunoassays in 44 healthy controls and 480 participants diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease/mild cognitive impairment (AD/MCI), Parkinson's disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD) spectrum disorders, or cerebrovascular disease (CVD). RESULTS GFAP, NfL, and/or p-tau181 were elevated among all diseases compared to controls, and were broadly associated with worse baseline cognitive performance, greater cognitive decline, and/or lower functional independence. While GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 were highly predictive across diseases, p-tau181 was more specific to the AD/MCI cohort. Sparse associations were found in the FTD and CVD cohorts and for Aβ42/40 . DISCUSSION GFAP, NfL, and p-tau181 are valuable predictors of cognition and function across common neurodegenerative diseases, and may be useful in specialized clinics and clinical trials.
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Zhou X, Chen Y, Yang H, Wang Y, Sun Y, Zhou J. [Level and health evaluation of rare earth elements in human blood and hair in the mining areas in Northwest Hubei]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2024; 53:275-281. [PMID: 38604964 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2024.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the content of rare earth elements(REs)in blood and hair of residents in a RE mining area in Northwest Hubei, and evaluate the impact of REs on the health status of local residents. METHODS A total of 191 residents from the core area of RE mining areas and 186 residents from non RE mining areas, aged 20-69, were selected. The content of REs in the blood and hair of the survey subjects was measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and compared with existing literature values. At the same time, blood tests and questionnaire surveys will be conducted on the health status of residents to examine whether human RE enrichment can lead to endemic diseases. RESULTS The average total content of REs in the blood of residents in the mining area was 60.22 ng/mL, which was 3.35 times that of the control area; The average total content of REs in hair was 1197.91 ng/g, which was 6.32 times higher than the control area. As age increasing, the abundance of REs in the blood and hair of both men and women in mining areas increased. The proportion of Yttrium and Scandium in the blood and hair were much higher than that in the soil. Compared to hair, Yttrium and Scandium were more easily enriched in the blood. There was no significant difference in the probability of fatty liver, hepatitis B, hypoglycemia, hypotension, hypertension and heart disease and the average life span between residents in RE mining areas and those in the control area. CONCLUSION The high daily average dietary intake of REs in residents leads to a relatively large accumulation of REs in human blood and hair, but no significant and substantial human health damage has been found at present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yun Chen
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Haibo Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Yong Sun
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
| | - Jia Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hanjiang Normal University, Shiyan 442000, China
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Doherty CS, Fortington LV, Barley OR. Sex Differences in Hydration Biomarkers and Test-Retest Reliability Following Passive Dehydration. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab 2024; 34:88-100. [PMID: 38215737 DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.2023-0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated (a) differences between males and females for changes in serum, tear, and urine osmolality, hematocrit, and urine specific gravity following acute passive dehydration and (b) assessed the reliability of these biomarkers separately for each sex. Fifteen males (age: 26.3 ± 3.5 years, body mass: 76 ± 7 kg) and 15 females (age: 28.8 ± 6.4 years, body mass: 63 ± 7 kg) completed a sauna protocol twice (5-28 days apart), aiming for 4% body mass loss (BML). Urine, blood, and tear markers were collected pre- and postdehydration, and change scores were calculated. Male BML was significantly greater than that of females in Trial 1 (3.53% ± 0.55% vs. 2.53% ± 0.43%, p < .001) and Trial 2 (3.36% ± 0.66% vs. 2.53% ± 0.44%, p = .01). Despite significant differences in BML, change in hematocrit was the only change marker that displayed a significant difference in Trial 1 (males: 3% ± 1%, females: 2% ± 1%, p = .004) and Trial 2 (males: 3% ± 1%, females: 1% ± 1%, p = .008). Regression analysis showed a significant effect for sex (male) predicting change in hematocrit (β = 0.8, p = .032) and change in serum osmolality (β = -3.3, p = .005) when controlling for BML but not for urinary or tear measures. The intraclass correlation coefficients for females (ICC 2, 1) were highest for change in urine specific gravity (ICC = .62, p = .006) and lowest for change in tear osmolarity (ICC = -.14, p = .689), whereas for males, it was posthematocrit (ICC = .65, p = .003) and post tear osmolarity (ICC = .18, p = .256). Generally, biomarkers showed lower test-retest reliability in males compared with females but, overall, were classified as poor-moderate in both sexes. These findings suggest that the response and reliability of hydration biomarkers are sex specific and highlight the importance of accounting for BML differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin S Doherty
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Lauren V Fortington
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Oliver R Barley
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
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D'aes T, Van de Sande D, De Buck E, Zachée P, Compernolle V, Vandekerckhove P. Does cold storage of blood before transfusion prevent the transmission of syphilis? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vox Sang 2024; 119:219-231. [PMID: 37889847 DOI: 10.1111/vox.13554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Although screening of donated blood for syphilis is almost universally applied, its cost-effectiveness is questioned because of the low prevalence of transfusion-transmitted syphilis and a widespread belief that the syphilis-causing bacterium Treponema pallidum is very vulnerable to cold storage. Since the latter claim is not yet supported by a systematic review, we investigated whether syphilis can be transmitted via transfusion following prolonged (cold or room temperature) storage of blood products. MATERIALS AND METHODS MEDLINE, PMC and NCBI bookshelf (PubMed interface), Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science and CINAHL were searched up to 17 January 2023. RESULTS Nine experimental animal studies and one observational human study were included. Meta-analysis showed that storing artificially infected human (six studies; risk ratio [RR] = 0.37, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22-0.64, p = 0.0003) or rabbit (two studies; RR = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.55, p = 0.01) blood for more than 72 h before intratesticular injection significantly decreased the number of recipient animals that develop syphilis. Nonetheless, the possibility of syphilis transmission remained for up to 7 days. Differences could not be found for rabbit plasma (p = 0.60) or naturally infected rabbit blood (p = 0.28). There was limited evidence from one study in favour of the storage of artificially infected human platelets for over 72 h at cold temperatures (RR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.03-0.52, p = 0.004) but not at room temperature (p = 0.12). CONCLUSION Even though the infectivity of T. pallidum-spiked blood may decrease after 72 h of cold storage, the possibility for transfusion-transmitted syphilis may remain for several days after. The evidence is very uncertain, and conclusions are hindered by a lack of sufficiently powered studies and studies in humans. In addition, T. pallidum concentrations used in animal studies may be unrealistically high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine D'aes
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Belgian Red Cross, Mechelen, Belgium
| | | | - Emmy De Buck
- Centre for Evidence-Based Practice, Belgian Red Cross, Mechelen, Belgium
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven Institute for Healthcare Policy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Veerle Compernolle
- Belgian Red Cross, Mechelen, Belgium
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Philippe Vandekerckhove
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leuven Institute for Healthcare Policy, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Belgian Red Cross, Mechelen, Belgium
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Global Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Armstrong SK, Hunter RW, Oosthyuzen W, Parys M, Gow AG, Schmitz SS, Dear JW, Mellanby RJ. Candidate circulating microRNA biomarkers in dogs with chronic pancreatitis. J Vet Intern Med 2024; 38:995-1004. [PMID: 38351718 PMCID: PMC10937508 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.17009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatitis is an important cause of disease and death in dogs. Available circulating biomarkers are not sufficiently sensitive and specific for a definitive diagnosis. HYPOTHESIS Circulating microRNAs would be differentially expressed in dogs with chronic pancreatitis and could have potential as diagnostic biomarkers. ANIMALS Healthy controls (n = 19) and dogs with naturally occurring pancreatitis (n = 17). METHODS A retrospective case-control study. Dogs with pancreatitis were included if they satisfied diagnostic criteria for pancreatitis as adjudicated by 3 experts. MicroRNA was extracted from stored serum samples and sequenced. Reads were mapped to mature microRNA sequences in the canine, mouse, and human genomes. Differentially expressed microRNAs were identified and the potential mechanistic relevance explored using Qiagen Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA). RESULTS Reads mapping to 196 mature microRNA sequences were detected. Eight circulating microRNAs were significantly differentially expressed in dogs with pancreatitis (≥2-fold change and false discovery rate <0.05). Four of these mapped to the canine genome (cfa-miR-221, cfa-miR-222, cfa-miR-23a, and cfa-miR-205). Three mapped to the murine genome (mmu-miR-484, mmu-miR-6240, mmu-miR-101a-3p) and 1 to the human genome (hsa-miR-1290). Expression in dogs with pancreatitis was higher for 7 microRNAs and lower for mmu-miR-101a-3p. Qiagen IPA demonstrated a number of the differently expressed microRNAs are involved in a common pancreatic inflammatory pathway. CONCLUSIONS The significantly differentially expressed microRNAs represent promising candidates for further validation as diagnostic biomarkers for canine pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan K. Armstrong
- School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Surrey, GuildfordSurreyUnited Kingdom
| | - Robert W. Hunter
- Edinburgh Kidney, Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Wilna Oosthyuzen
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Maciej Parys
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Silke Salavati Schmitz
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - James W. Dear
- Centre for Precision Cell Therapy for the Liver, Lothian Health BoardQueens Medical Research InstituteEdinburghUnited Kingdom
| | - Richard J. Mellanby
- The Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies and the Roslin InstituteUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUnited Kingdom
- IdexxWetherbyUnited Kingdom
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Zapico SC, Stadler C, Roca G. Assessment of body fluid identification and DNA profiling after exposure to tropical weather conditions. J Forensic Sci 2024; 69:631-639. [PMID: 38146797 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Despite current advances in body fluid identification, there are few studies evaluating the effect of environmental conditions. The present work assessed the detection of body fluids, blood, semen, and saliva, through lateral flow immunochromatographic (LFI) tests, exposed to tropical weather conditions over time, also evaluating the possibility of obtaining STR (short tandem repeat) profiles and identifying mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymorphisms. Blood, semen, saliva samples, and mixtures of these fluids were deposited on polyester clothes and exposed to open-air tropical weather conditions for 1 month. The test versions from LFI (SERATEC®, Germany) Lab and crime scene (CS) used for the detection - one per each body fluid type - demonstrated that it is possible to identify body fluids and their mixtures up to 14 days after deposition. At 30 days, blood and semen were detected but not saliva. Full STR profiles were obtained from 14-day-old blood samples, and partial profiles were obtained from the remaining samples. It was possible to sequence mtDNA in the samples previously analyzed for STR profiling, and haplogroups could be assigned. In conclusion, this study demonstrated for the first time the possibility of body fluid identification and DNA profiling after exposure to tropical weather conditions for 1 month and also demonstrated the value of mtDNA analysis for compromised biological evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C Zapico
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, USA
- Anthropology Department, Laboratories of Analytical Biology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | | | - Gabriela Roca
- SERATEC®, Gesellschaft für Biotechnologie mbH, Göttingen, Germany
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López-Millán JM, Fernández AO, Fernández JM, Dueñas Díez JL. Differential efficacy with epidural blood and fibrin patches for the treatment of post-dural puncture headache. Pain Pract 2024; 24:440-448. [PMID: 37970746 DOI: 10.1111/papr.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Accidental dural puncture (ADP) is the most frequent major complication when performing an epidural procedure in obstetrics. Consequently, loss of pressure in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leads to the development of post-dural puncture headache (PDPH), which occurs in 16%-86% of cases. To date, the efficacy of epidural fibrin patches (EFP) has not been evaluated in a controlled clinical trial, nor in comparative studies with epidural blood patches (EBP). METHODS The objective of the present study was to compare the efficacy of EFP with respect to EBP for the treatment of refractory accidental PDPH. This prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel, comparative study included 70 puerperal women who received an EBP or EFP (35 in each group) after failure of the conventional analgesic treatment for accidental PDPH in a hospital. RESULTS A higher percentage of women with EFP than EBP achieved complete PDPH relief after 2 (97.1% vs. 54.3%) and 12 h (100.0% vs. 65.7%) of the patch injection. The percentage of patients who needed rescue analgesia was significantly lower with EFP after 2 (2.9% vs. 48.6%) and 12 h (0.0% vs. 37.1%). After 24 h, PDPH was resolved in all women who received EFP. The recurrence of PDPH was reported in one woman from the EBP group (2.9%), who subsequently required a second patch. The mean length of hospital stay was significantly lower with EFP (3.9 days) than EBP (5.9 days). Regarding satisfaction, the mean value (Likert scale) was significantly higher with EFP (4.7 vs. 3.0). CONCLUSIONS EFP provided better outcomes than EBP for the treatment of obstetric PDPH in terms of efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M López-Millán
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Treatment; Department of Surgery, Virgen Macarena Hospital; University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Alagawany M, Lestingi A, Abdelzaher HA, Elnesr SS, Madkour M, El-Baz FK, Alfassam HE, Rudayni HA, Allam AA, Abd El Hack ME. Dietary supplementation with Dunaliella salina microalga promotes quail growth by altering lipid profile and immunity. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103591. [PMID: 38471224 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The goals of the current research are to ascertain the impacts of Dunaliella salina (DS) on quail growth, carcass criteria, liver and kidney functions, lipid profile, and immune response. Two hundred and forty 7-day-old quail chicks were divided equally into 4 separate groups with 6 replicates with 10 birds each. The groups were as follows: 1) control diet (the basal feed without DS), 2) control diet enriched with 0.25 g DS/kg, 3) control diet enriched with 0.50 g DS/kg, and 4) control diet enriched with 1.00 g DS/kg. Results elucidated that the birds which consumed 0.5 and 1 g DS/kg diet performed better than other birds in terms of live body weight (LBW), body weight gain (BWG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). There were no significant changes in feed intake (FI) and carcass characteristics due to different dietary DS levels. Compared to the control group, DS-treated groups had better lipid profile (low total cholesterol and LDL values and high HDL values) and immune response (complement 3 values). The quails consumed feeds with different levels of DS had greater (P < 0.038) C3 compared to control. Adding 0.5 and 1 g DS/kg lowered blood concentrations of triglycerides and total protein (TP) values. The high level of DS (1 g/kg) had higher albumin values and lower AST values than other groups (P < 0.05). The creatinine values were at the lowest levels in the group consumed 0.50 g DS/kg feed. No changes (P > 0.05) were demonstrated among experimental groups in the ALT, urea, and lysozyme values. In conclusion, adding D. salina to growing quail diets enhanced growth, immune system, blood lipid profile, and kidney and liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Antonia Lestingi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Valenzano, Bari 70010, Italy
| | - Hagar A Abdelzaher
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S Elnesr
- Poultry Production Department, Agriculture Faculty, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Madkour
- Animal Production Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Farouk K El-Baz
- Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Haifa E Alfassam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hassan A Rudayni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Allam
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-suef University, Beni-suef 65211, Egypt
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Uyarlar C, Rahman A, Ozcinar U, Cetingul İS, Gultepe EE, Bayram I. Effect of Myrtus communis L. Plant Extract as a Milk Supplement on the Performance, Selected Blood Parameters and Immune Response of Holstein Calves. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:725. [PMID: 38473110 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to understand the effects of adding myrtle plant extract obtained from its leaves (MPEL) and roots (MPER) to the milk fed to suckling female Holstein calves, focusing on performance, reproduction, selected blood parameters and immune response. The 50 Holstein female calves, one week of age, were divided into five groups: one group received no plant extract (Control), while the others were supplemented with myrtle plant extracts at doses of 25 mL/day leaf extract (MPEL-25), 25 mL/day root extract (MPER-25), 50 mL/day leaf extract (MPEL-50) and 50 mL/day root extract (MPER-50) for each calf in each treatment group. The extracts were given along with the milk to the experimental groups for 60 days, and for an additional 12 days post-weaning. The results reveal that the feed consumption and live weights increased significantly. Significantly higher leukocyte counts were observed in the 50 mL/head × day myrtle groups, and a higher IgG concentration was also noted in the MPER-50 group compared to the other groups. The serum non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration significantly decreased in the MPEL-50 and MPER-50 groups, whereas the betahyrdoxy butyric acid (BHBA) concentration increased and the serum glucose concentration significantly decreased with myrtle supplementation. In conclusion, it was determined that the performance, immune system and negative energy balance compensation of female Holstein calves were positively affected by administering extracts obtained from the leaves and roots of the Myrtus communis L. plant at dose levels of 25 and 50 mL/head × day for 72 days, without causing any side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cangir Uyarlar
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03204 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Abdur Rahman
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Jhang Campus, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Umit Ozcinar
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03204 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Sadi Cetingul
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03204 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Eyup Eren Gultepe
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03204 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Ismail Bayram
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03204 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Sanzo P, Agostino M, Fidler W, Lawrence-Dewar J, Pearson E, Zerpa C, Niccoli S, Lees SJ. Shockwave therapy and fibromyalgia and its effect on pain, blood markers, imaging, and participant experience - a multidisciplinary randomized controlled trial. Physiother Theory Pract 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38384123 DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2024.2321503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with fibromyalgia experience chronic, widespread pain. It remains a misunderstood disorder with multimodal treatments providing mixed results. OBJECTIVES To examine the effects of radial shockwave therapy (RSWT) compared to placebo on pain, pain catastrophizing, psychological indices, blood markers, and neuroimaging. Study-related experiences were also explored qualitatively. METHODS Quantitative sensory testing (QST), Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Beighton Scoring Screen (BSS), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), blood biomarker (Interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10), and brain fMRI were measured pre- and post-treatment along with a post-treatment survey. The RSWT group received five treatments (one week apart over five-week period) to the three most painful areas (500 shocks at 1.5 bar and 15 Hz, then 1000 shocks at 2 bar and 8 Hz, and finally 500 shocks at 1.5 bar and 15 Hz) versus sham treatment for the placebo group. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences in the BSS for hypermobility (p = .21; d = .74), PCS (p = .70; d = .22), VAS (p = .17-.61; d = .20-.83) scores, QST for skin temperature and stimuli (p = .14-.65; d = .25-.88), and for the pressure pain threshold (p = .71-.93; d = .05-.21). The VAS scores had clinically significant changes (MCID greater than 13.90) with improved pain scores in the RSWT group. Neuroimaging scans revealed no cortical thickness changes. Post-treatment surveys revealed pain and symptom improvements and offered hope to individuals. CONCLUSION RSWT was implemented safely, without any negative treatment effects reported, and acted as a pain modulator to reduce sensitivity. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov identification number NCT02760212.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Sanzo
- Faculty of Health and the Behavioral Sciences, Kinesiology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
- Medical Sciences, NOSM University - Thunder Bay Campus, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Martina Agostino
- Faculty of Health and the Behavioral Sciences, Kinesiology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Wesley Fidler
- Medical Sciences, NOSM University - Thunder Bay Campus, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Jane Lawrence-Dewar
- Faculty of Health and the Behavioral Sciences, Kinesiology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Erin Pearson
- Faculty of Health and the Behavioral Sciences, Kinesiology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Carlos Zerpa
- Faculty of Health and the Behavioral Sciences, Kinesiology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Sarah Niccoli
- Medical Sciences, NOSM University - Thunder Bay Campus, Thunder Bay, Canada
| | - Simon J Lees
- Medical Sciences, NOSM University - Thunder Bay Campus, Thunder Bay, Canada
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Dai Y, Kretz CA, Kim PY, Gross PL. A specific fluorescence resonance energy quenching-based biosensor for measuring thrombin activity in whole blood. J Thromb Haemost 2024:S1538-7836(24)00105-3. [PMID: 38382740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND At sites of vessel injury, thrombin acts as the central mediator of coagulation by catalyzing fibrin clot formation and platelet activation. Thrombin generation is most frequently measured in plasma samples using small-molecule substrates; however, these have low specificity for thrombin and limited utility in whole blood. Plasma assays are limited because they ignore the hemostatic contributions of blood cells and require anticoagulation and the addition of supraphysiological concentrations of calcium. OBJECTIVES To overcome these limitations, we designed and characterized a fluorescence resonance energy quenching-based thrombin sensor (FTS) protein. METHODS The fluorescence resonance energy quenching pair of mAmetrine and tTomato, separated by a thrombin recognition sequence, was developed. The protein was expressed using Escherichia coli, and purity was assessed using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The cleavage of FTS was monitored by fluorescence using excitation at 406 nm and emission at 526 nm and 581 nm. RESULTS Compared with small-molecule substrates, the FTS demonstrated high specificity for thrombin; it is not cleaved by thrombin or inhibited by α2-macroglobulin and interacts with thrombin's anion-binding exosite I. The FTS can effectively measure thrombin generation in plasma and in finger-prick whole blood, which allows it to be developed into a point-of-care test of thrombin generation. The FTS does not inhibit standard thrombin-generation assays. Lastly, FTS-based thrombin generation in nonanticoagulated finger-prick blood was delayed but enhanced compared with that in citrated plasma. CONCLUSION The FTS will broaden our understanding of thrombin generation in ways that are not attainable with current methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Dai
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin A Kretz
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Y Kim
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter L Gross
- Hamilton Health Sciences and Departments of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
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Bianco M, Ventura G, Calvano CD, Losito I, Cataldi TRI, Monopoli A. Matrix Selection Strategies for MALDI-TOF MS/MS Characterization of Cyclic Tetrapyrroles in Blood and Food Samples. Molecules 2024; 29:868. [PMID: 38398620 PMCID: PMC10891649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, chlorins, corrins (compounds with a corrin core), and phthalocyanines are a family of molecules containing four pyrrole rings usually coordinating a metal ion (Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn, etc.). Here, we report the characterization of some representative cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives by MALDI-ToF/ToF MS analyses, including heme b and c, phthalocyanines, and protoporphyrins after proper matrix selection. Both neutral and acidic matrices were evaluated to assess potential demetallation, adduct formation, and fragmentation. While chlorophylls exhibited magnesium demetallation in acidic matrices, cyclic tetrapyrroles with Fe, Zn, Co, Cu, or Ni remained steadfast against demetallation across all conditions. Phthalocyanines and protoporphyrins were also detectable without a matrix using laser desorption ionization (LDI); however, the incorporation of matrices achieved the highest ionization yield, enhanced sensitivity, and negligible fragmentation. Three standard proteins, i.e., myoglobin, hemoglobin, and cytochrome c, were analyzed either intact or enzymatically digested, yielding heme b and heme c ions along with accompanying peptides. Furthermore, we successfully detected and characterized heme b in real samples, including blood, bovine and cod liver, and mussel. As a result, MALDI MS/MS emerged as a powerful tool for straightforward cyclic tetrapyrrole identification, even in highly complex samples. Our work paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of cyclic tetrapyrroles in biological and industrial settings, including the geochemical field, as these compounds are a source of significant geological and geochemical information in sediments and crude oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Bianco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
| | - Giovanni Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center (SMART), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center (SMART), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R. I. Cataldi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center (SMART), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Monopoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
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England SJ, Campbell PC, Bates RL, Grieb G, Fancher WF, Lewis KE. Transcription Factors with Broad Expression in the Zebrafish Spinal Cord. bioRxiv 2024:2024.02.14.580357. [PMID: 38405913 PMCID: PMC10888778 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.14.580357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Background The spinal cord is a crucial part of the vertebrate central nervous system, controlling movements and receiving and processing sensory information from the trunk and limbs. However, there is much we do not know about how this essential organ develops. Here, we describe expression of 22 transcription factor genes in the zebrafish spinal cord. Results We analyzed the spinal cord expression of aurkb, foxb1a, foxb1b, her8a, homeza, ivns1abpb, mybl2b, myt1a, nr2f1b, onecut1, sall1a, sall3a, sall3b, sall4, sox2, sox19b, sp8b, tsc22d1, wdhd1, zfhx3b, znf804a, and znf1032 in wild-type and MIB E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1 zebrafish embryos. While all of these genes are broadly expressed in the spinal cord, they have distinct expression patterns from one another. Some are predominanatly expressed in progenitor domains, and others in subsets of post-mitotic cells. Given the conservation of spinal cord development, and the transcription factors that regulate it, we expect that these genes will have similar spinal cord expression patterns in other vertebrates, including mammals and humans. Conclusions Our data identify 22 different transcription factors that are strong candidates for playing different roles in spinal cord development. For several of these genes, this is the first published description of their spinal cord expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha J England
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Paul C Campbell
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Richard L Bates
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Ginny Grieb
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - William F Fancher
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
| | - Katharine E Lewis
- Department of Biology, Syracuse University, 107 College Place, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA
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Abd El-Hack ME, Ashour EA, Aljahdali N, Zabermawi NM, Baset SA, Kamal M, Radhi KS, Moustafa M, Algopishi U, Alshaharni MO, Bassiony SS. Does the dietary supplementation of organic nano-zinc as a growth promoter impact broiler's growth, carcass and meat quality traits, blood metabolites and cecal microbiota? Poult Sci 2024; 103:103550. [PMID: 38452576 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aimed to examine the impact of different dietary organic zinc nanoparticle (ZnNP) levels on gut bacteria, meat quality, growth performance, carcass traits, and blood indicators of broilers. A total of 180 unsexed one-wk broiler chicks (Cobb) were allotted to 3 experimental groups and received a basal diet supplemented with 0, 0.2, and 0.4 mg ZnNPs/Kg diet, respectively. The results showed that, after 38 d of age, the supplementary ZnNPs at a level of 0.4 mg/kg raised body weight and weight gain compared to the control and 0.2 mg ZnNPs/kg diet. The addition of ZnNPs improved the daily feed intake. Some of the carcass characteristics in ZnNPs groups excelled that of the control. ZnNPs treatments gave higher dressing % and decreased (P < 0.05) the cholesterol rates, LDL, and uric acid in the blood. In addition, it gave the best concentrations of ALT and AST. The ZnNPs groups exhibited substantially (P < 0.05) improved moisture and fat values in meat samples. The group given ZnNPs at a concentration of 0.4 mg/kg had a substantially (P < 0.05) lower count of TYMC and E. coli. In conclusion, the high level of ZnNPs (0.4 mg/kg) improved the broilers' performance and some of their carcass traits, enhancing their health and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt.
| | - Elwy A Ashour
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Nesreen Aljahdali
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21551, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal M Zabermawi
- Department of Biological Sciences and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahira Abdel Baset
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Kamal
- Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Khadija S Radhi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Science, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Uthman Algopishi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed O Alshaharni
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar S Bassiony
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
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McWhirter KK, April MD, Fisher AD, Wright FL, Rizzo JA, Corley JB, Getz TM, Schauer SG. Blood consumption in the Role 2 setting: A Department of Defense Trauma Registry analysis. Transfusion 2024. [PMID: 38361432 DOI: 10.1111/trf.17741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Role 2 setting represents the most far-forward military treatment facility with limited surgical and holding capabilities. There are limited data to guide recommendations on blood product utilization at the Role 2. We describe the consumption of blood products in this setting. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We analyzed data from 2007 to 2023 from the Department of Defense Trauma Registry (DODTR) that received care at a Role 2. We used descriptive and inferential statistics to characterize the volumes of blood products consumed in this setting. We also performed a secondary analysis of US military, Coalition, and US contractor personnel. RESULTS Within our initial cohort analysis of 15,581 encounters, 17% (2636) received at least one unit of PRBCs or whole blood, of which 11% received a submassive transfusion, 4% received a massive transfusion, and 1% received a supermassive transfusion. There were 6402 encounters that met inclusion for our secondary analysis. With this group, 5% received a submassive transfusion, 2% received a massive transfusion, and 1% received a supermassive transfusion. CONCLUSIONS We described volumes of blood products consumed at the Role 2 during recent conflicts. The maximum number of units consumed among survivors exceeds currently recommended available blood supply. Our findings suggest that rapid resupply and cold-stored chain demands may be higher than anticipated in future conflicts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K McWhirter
- 2nd Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division, Fort Carson, Colorado, USA
- Shenandoah University, Winchester, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael D April
- 14th Field Hospital, Fort Stewart, Georgia, USA
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew D Fisher
- Department of Surgery, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
- Texas National Guard, Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Franklin L Wright
- Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Julie A Rizzo
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Brooke Army Medical Center, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jason B Corley
- Medical Capability Development Integration Directorate, JBSA Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Todd M Getz
- Center for Combat and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Steven G Schauer
- Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Center for Combat and Battlefield (COMBAT) Research, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Filho HCM, Trindade KLG, Silva CJFL, Cruz RKS, Vilela CF, Coelho CS, Filho JDR, Manso HECCC. The Welfare of Horses Competing in Three-Barrel Race Events Is Shown to Be Not Inhibited by Short Intervals between Starts. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:583. [PMID: 38396551 PMCID: PMC10886278 DOI: 10.3390/ani14040583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Equestrian sports require precise animal welfare and health evaluations. To test the hypothesis that horses maintain their welfare when subjected to two three-barrel (3TB) races with 2 min intervals, an experiment was designed to evaluate their surface temperature using infrared thermography (IRT) in regions of interest (barrel, flank, neck, jaw, corner of the mouth, and ocular caruncle) and also measure blood biomarkers (hemogram, total plasma protein, fibrinogen, urea, creatinine, GGT, CK, cortisol, IL-6, and IL-1β). Ten Quarter Horses were monitored through thermography (pre-race, +1, +4, and +24 h post-race) and blood sampling (pre-race, +1, +4, and +24 h post-race). ANOVA and Tukey test at 5% were used. IRT in six regions of interest (Left/Right-barrel, flank, neck muscles) increased at +, with no differences between values recorded at +1 and +4 when compared to those measured pre-race (p > 0.05). Plasma protein, RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC count, neutrophils, and lymphocytes (p < 0.05) increased immediately after the races, with recovery at +1 h. Other biomarkers did not change, including cortisol, IL-6, and IL-1β (p > 0.05). Results indicate that well-conditioned 3TB horses subjected to two races at short intervals do not show changes that could be related to impaired health or welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helio C. Manso Filho
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (K.L.G.T.); (C.J.F.L.S.); (H.E.C.C.C.M.)
| | - Keity L. G. Trindade
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (K.L.G.T.); (C.J.F.L.S.); (H.E.C.C.C.M.)
| | - Carolina J. F. L. Silva
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (K.L.G.T.); (C.J.F.L.S.); (H.E.C.C.C.M.)
| | - Raissa K. S. Cruz
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Centro Universitário Cesmac, Maceió 57051-160, AL, Brazil;
| | | | - Clarisse S. Coelho
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Universidade de Évora, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal;
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusofona University, 376 Campo Grande, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José D. Ribeiro Filho
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-900, MG, Brazil;
| | - Helena E. C. C. C. Manso
- Núcleo de Pesquisa Equina, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil; (K.L.G.T.); (C.J.F.L.S.); (H.E.C.C.C.M.)
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Jeong S, Shim KH, Kim D, Bae H, Jeong DE, Kang MJ, An SSA. Assessment of acetylcholinesterase activity in CD9-positive exosomes from patients with Parkinson's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1332455. [PMID: 38384937 PMCID: PMC10879351 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1332455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic dysfunction and associated with abnormalities in the cholinergic system. However, the relationship between PD and cholinergic dysfunction, particularly in exosomes, is not fully understood. Methods We enrolled 37 patients with PD and 44 healthy controls (HC) to investigate acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in CD9-positive and L1CAM-positive exosomes. Exosomes were isolated from plasma using antibody-coupled magnetic beads, and their sizes and concentrations were assessed using transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. Subsequently, the AChE activity in these exosomes was analyzed in relation to various clinical parameters. Results A significant decrease in AChE activity was observed in CD9-positive exosomes derived from patients with PD, whereas no significant differences were found in L1CAM-positive exosomes. Further analysis with a larger sample size confirmed a substantial reduction in AChE activity in CD9-positive exosomes from the PD plasma, with moderate diagnostic accuracy. The decrease in AChE activity of CD9-positive exosomes did not show an association with cognitive impairment but displayed a trend toward correlation with PD progression. Discussion The reduction in AChE activity in CD9-positive exosomes suggests potential peripheral cholinergic dysfunction in PD, independent of the central cholinergic system. The observed alterations in AChE activity provide valuable insights into the association between cholinergic dysfunction and the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumin Jeong
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hwan Shim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Danyeong Kim
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heewon Bae
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Eun Jeong
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ju Kang
- Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Veterans Medical Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A. An
- Department of Bionano Technology, Gachon University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
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Zhou H, Mao H, Xing J. LC-HRMS methods for the quantification of two artemisinin drugs and their metabolites in rat blood and plasma. Biomed Chromatogr 2024:e5844. [PMID: 38326977 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
As first-line antimalarials used in the artemisinin combination therapy, artemisinin drugs exert their action inside red blood cells. However, the blood pharmacokinetic characteristics of artemisinin drugs have not been fully revealed owing to their built-in chemical instability initiated by Fe2+ released from hemoglobin, with limited information on their metabolites. In this study, liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometric (LC-HRMS) methods were developed for the quantification of two representative artemisinin drugs (artemisinin, ART; dihydroartemisinin, DHA) and their respective metabolite (deoxyartemisinin, D-ART; dihydroartemisinin glucuronide, DHA-Glu) in rat blood/plasma. The blood samples were pretreated with the stabilizer (0.4 m potassium dichromate and 3% EDTA-2Na). The methods displayed excellent specificity, linearity, accuracy and precision for ART (17.7-709.2 nm) and its metabolite D-ART (18.8-751.9 nm), and the linear range was 40.0-4,000.0 nm for both DHA and DHA-Glu. The methods were successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic studies of ART and DHA in rats. The blood-to-plasma ratio was 0.8-1.5 for ART, 1.0-1.5 for D-ART, 1.2-2.2 for DHA and 0.9-1.3 for DHA-Glu, which was time dependent. The results indicated that artemisinin drugs and their metabolites showed a high but different blood-to-plasma ratio, which should be considered when optimizating their dosing regimens or evaluating their clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchang Zhou
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Huixiu Mao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Luong RAM, Guan W, Vue FC, Dai J. Literary Identification of Differentially Hydroxymethylated DNA Regions for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Scoping Minireview. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2024; 21:177. [PMID: 38397668 PMCID: PMC10887687 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21020177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a public health condition where environmental and genetic factors can intersect through hydroxymethylation. It was unclear which blood DNA regions were hydroxymethylated in human T2DM development. We aimed to identify the regions from the literature as designed in the ongoing Twins Discordant for Incident T2DM Study. A scoping review was performed using Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and keyword methods to search PubMed for studies published in English and before 1 August 2022, following our registered protocol. The keyword and MeSH methods identified 12 and 3 records separately, and the keyword-identified records included all from the MeSH. Only three case-control studies met the criteria for the full-text review, including one MeSH-identified record. Increased global levels of 5-hydroxymethylated cytosine (5hmC) in T2DM patients versus healthy controls in blood or peripheral blood mononuclear cells were consistently reported (p < 0.05 for all). Among candidate DNA regions related to the human SOCS3, SREBF1, and TXNIP genes, only the SOCS3 gene yielded higher 5hmC levels in T2DM patients with high poly-ADP-ribosylation than participants combined from those with low PARylation and healthy controls (p < 0.05). Hydroxymethylation in the SOCS3-related region of blood DNA is promising to investigate for its mediation in the influences of environment on incident T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Anh Minh Luong
- Doctoral Program of Osteopathic Medicine, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, West Des Moines, IA 50266, USA; (R.A.M.L.); (F.C.V.)
| | - Weihua Guan
- Division of Biostatistics & Health Data Science, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN 55414, USA;
| | - Fue Chee Vue
- Doctoral Program of Osteopathic Medicine, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Des Moines University, West Des Moines, IA 50266, USA; (R.A.M.L.); (F.C.V.)
| | - Jun Dai
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Des Moines University, West Des Moines, IA 50266, USA
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