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Zhang X, Xie H, Chang P, Zhao H, Xia Y, Zhang L, Guo X, Huang C, Yan F, Hu L, Lin C, Li Y, Xiong Z, Wang X, Li G, Deng L, Wang S, Tao L. Glycoprotein M6B Interacts with TβRI to Activate TGF-β-Smad2/3 Signaling and Promote Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation. Stem Cells 2018; 37:190-201. [PMID: 30372567 PMCID: PMC7379588 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs), which form the walls of blood vessels, play an important role in vascular development and the pathogenic process of vascular remodeling. However, the molecular mechanisms governing SMC differentiation remain poorly understood. Glycoprotein M6B (GPM6B) is a four-transmembrane protein that belongs to the proteolipid protein family and is widely expressed in neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes. Previous studies have revealed that GPM6B plays a role in neuronal differentiation, myelination, and osteoblast differentiation. In the present study, we found that the GPM6B gene and protein expression levels were significantly upregulated during transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)-induced SMC differentiation. The knockdown of GPM6B resulted in the downregulation of SMC-specific marker expression and repressed the activation of Smad2/3 signaling. Moreover, GPM6B regulates SMC Differentiation by Controlling TGF-β-Smad2/3 Signaling. Furthermore, we demonstrated that similar to p-Smad2/3, GPM6B was profoundly expressed and coexpressed with SMC differentiation markers in embryonic SMCs. Moreover, GPM6B can regulate the tightness between TβRI, TβRII, or Smad2/3 by directly binding to TβRI to activate Smad2/3 signaling during SMC differentiation, and activation of TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling also facilitate the expression of GPM6B. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that GPM6B plays a crucial role in SMC differentiation and regulates SMC differentiation through the activation of TGF-β-Smad2/3 signaling via direct interactions with TβRI. This finding indicates that GPM6B is a potential target for deriving SMCs from stem cells in cardiovascular regenerative medicine. Stem Cells 2018 Stem Cells 2019;37:190-201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huaning Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pan Chang
- Central Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Huishou Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunlong Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Golmud, Qinghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chong Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueyang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guohua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Longxiang Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Tao
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
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Tang XW, Qin QX. miR-335-5p induces insulin resistance and pancreatic islet β-cell secretion in gestational diabetes mellitus mice through VASH1-mediated TGF-β signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:6654-6666. [PMID: 30341900 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Multiple studies have reported different methods in treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); however, the relationship between miR-335-5p and GDM still remains unclear. Here, this study explores the effect of miR-335-5p on insulin resistance and pancreatic islet β-cell secretion via activation of the TGFβ signaling pathway by downregulating VASH1 expression in GDM mice. The GDM mouse model was established and mainly treated with miR-335-5p mimic, miR-335-5p inhibitor, si-VASH1, and miR-335-5p inhibitor + si-VASH1. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was conducted to detect fasting blood glucose (FBG) fasting insulin (FINS). The OGTT was also used to calculate a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). A hyperglycemic clamp was performed to measure the glucose infusion rate (GIR), which estimated β-cell function. Expressions of miR-335-5p, VASH1, TGF-β1, and c-Myc in pancreatic islet β-cells were determined by RT-qPCR, western blot analysis, and insulin release by ELISA. The miR-335-5p mimic and si-VASH1 groups showed elevated blood glucose levels, glucose area under the curve (GAUC), and HOMA-IR, but a reduced GIR and positive expression of VASH1. Overexpression of miR-335-5p and inhibition of VASH1 contributed to activated TGFβ1 pathway, higher c-Myc, and lower VASH1 expressions, in addition to downregulated insulin and insulin release levels. These findings provided evidence that miR-335-5p enhanced insulin resistance and suppressed pancreatic islet β-cell secretion by inhibiting VASH1, eventually activating the TGF-β pathway in GDM mice, which provides more clinical insight on the GDM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Wen Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center Affiliated to, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing-Xin Qin
- Department of Endocrinology, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Korkut A, Zaidi S, Kanchi RS, Rao S, Gough NR, Schultz A, Li X, Lorenzi PL, Berger AC, Robertson G, Kwong LN, Datto M, Roszik J, Ling S, Ravikumar V, Manyam G, Rao A, Shelley S, Liu Y, Ju Z, Hansel D, de Velasco G, Pennathur A, Andersen JB, O'Rourke CJ, Ohshiro K, Jogunoori W, Nguyen BN, Li S, Osmanbeyoglu HU, Ajani JA, Mani SA, Houseman A, Wiznerowicz M, Chen J, Gu S, Ma W, Zhang J, Tong P, Cherniack AD, Deng C, Resar L, Weinstein JN, Mishra L, Akbani R. A Pan-Cancer Analysis Reveals High-Frequency Genetic Alterations in Mediators of Signaling by the TGF-β Superfamily. Cell Syst 2018; 7:422-437.e7. [PMID: 30268436 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2018.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We present an integromic analysis of gene alterations that modulate transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)-Smad-mediated signaling in 9,125 tumor samples across 33 cancer types in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Focusing on genes that encode mediators and regulators of TGF-β signaling, we found at least one genomic alteration (mutation, homozygous deletion, or amplification) in 39% of samples, with highest frequencies in gastrointestinal cancers. We identified mutation hotspots in genes that encode TGF-β ligands (BMP5), receptors (TGFBR2, AVCR2A, and BMPR2), and Smads (SMAD2 and SMAD4). Alterations in the TGF-β superfamily correlated positively with expression of metastasis-associated genes and with decreased survival. Correlation analyses showed the contributions of mutation, amplification, deletion, DNA methylation, and miRNA expression to transcriptional activity of TGF-β signaling in each cancer type. This study provides a broad molecular perspective relevant for future functional and therapeutic studies of the diverse cancer pathways mediated by the TGF-β superfamily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Korkut
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sobia Zaidi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Rupa S Kanchi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shuyun Rao
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Nancy R Gough
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Andre Schultz
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xubin Li
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Philip L Lorenzi
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ashton C Berger
- Cancer Program, The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Gordon Robertson
- Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Center, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4S6, Canada
| | - Lawrence N Kwong
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mike Datto
- Department of Pathology, Duke School of Medicine Durham, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jason Roszik
- Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology and Genomic Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shiyun Ling
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Visweswaran Ravikumar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ganiraju Manyam
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Arvind Rao
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Simon Shelley
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53726, USA
| | - Yuexin Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhenlin Ju
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Donna Hansel
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Guillermo de Velasco
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid 28041, Spain
| | - Arjun Pennathur
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Colm J O'Rourke
- Department of Health and Medical Sciences, Biotech Research and Innovation Centre, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloes Vej 5, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Kazufumi Ohshiro
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Wilma Jogunoori
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Institute of Clinical Research, Washington, DC 20422, USA
| | - Bao-Ngoc Nguyen
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Shulin Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hatice U Osmanbeyoglu
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Computational & Systems Biology Program, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jaffer A Ajani
- Department of GI Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sendurai A Mani
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andres Houseman
- College of Public Health and Human Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 9733, USA
| | - Maciej Wiznerowicz
- Poznań University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 61701, Poland; Greater Poland Cancer Center, Poznań 61866, Poland; International Institute for Molecular Oncology, Poznań 60203, Poland
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Shoujun Gu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA
| | - Wencai Ma
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiexin Zhang
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Pan Tong
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Cancer Program, The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Linda Resar
- Departments of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Pathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - John N Weinstein
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Systems Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Lopa Mishra
- Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Surgery, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA; Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Institute of Clinical Research, Washington, DC 20422, USA.
| | - Rehan Akbani
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Zhao Z, Shen W, Zhu H, Lin L, Jiang G, Zhu Y, Song H, Wu L. Zoledronate inhibits fibroblasts' proliferation and activation via targeting TGF-β signaling pathway. Drug Des Devel Ther 2018; 12:3021-3031. [PMID: 30271117 PMCID: PMC6147205 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s168897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated that zoledronate might inhibit neointimal hyperplasia at least partly by inhibiting the proliferation, adhesion and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). However, whether zoledronate influences fibroblasts’ proliferation and activation, which also play a key role in neointimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling, remains largely unknown. In the present study, the effect of zoledronate on fibroblasts was investigated and the underlying molecular mechanisms were examined. Methods After treatment with zoledronate, changes in biological behaviors, including the morphology, proliferation, cell-cycle distribution and migration of fibroblasts (NIH3T3 cells), were observed. The expression of α-SMA, TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 and the level of Smad2/3 phosphorylation in cultured fibroblasts were examined by Western blot. In vivo expression of α-SMA and TGF-β1 was assessed by immunohistochemical staining. Results It was shown that the typical fibroblast cell morphology was altered after zoledronate exposure. Cultured fibroblasts treated with zoledronate displayed dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation due to cell-cycle arrest in the S phase. Cell migration activities were also dose dependently suppressed by zoledronate treatment. Expression of α-SMA in cultured fibroblasts was significantly reduced by zoledronate treatment. Further analysis showed decreased expression of TGF-β1 and α-SMA by periadventitial delivery of zoledronate in the rat carotid balloon-injury model. The expression of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 and the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in cultured fibroblasts were significantly inhibited by zoledronate treatment. Conclusion Our findings demonstrated that zoledronate can inhibit the proliferation, migration and activation of fibroblasts via the TGF-β signaling pathway and revealed a novel mechanism of zoledronate action against neointimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zichang Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China, .,Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hanbin Zhu
- Company 11 of Student Brigade, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gening Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
| | - Yongzhe Zhu
- Department of Microbiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,
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Hammad S, Cavalcanti E, Werle J, Caruso ML, Dropmann A, Ignazzi A, Ebert MP, Dooley S, Giannelli G. Galunisertib modifies the liver fibrotic composition in the Abcb4Ko mouse model. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:2297-2309. [PMID: 29808285 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2231-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β stimulates extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition during development of liver fibrosis and cirrhosis, the most important risk factor for the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma. In liver cancer, TGF-β is responsible for a more aggressive and invasive phenotype, orchestrating remodeling of the tumor microenvironment and triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition of cancer cells. This is the scientific rationale for targeting the TGF-β pathway via a small molecule, galunisertib (intracellular inhibitor of ALK5) in clinical trials to treat liver cancer patients at an advanced disease stage. In this study, the hypothesis that galunisertib modifies the tissue microenvironment via inhibition of the TGF-β pathway is tested in an experimental preclinical model. At the age of 6 months, Abcb4ko mice-a well-established model for chronic liver disease development and progression-are treated twice daily with galunisertib (150 mg/kg) via oral gavage for 14 consecutive days. Two days after the last treatment, blood plasma and livers are harvested for further assessment, including fibrosis scoring and ECM components. The reduction of Smad2 phosphorylation in both parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells following galunisertib administration confirms the treatment effectiveness. Damage-related galunisertib does not change cell proliferation, macrophage numbers and leucocyte recruitment. Furthermore, no clear impact on the amount of fibrosis is evident, as documented by PicroSirius red and Gomori-trichome scoring. On the other hand, several fibrogenic genes, e.g., collagens (Col1α1 and Col1α2), Tgf-β1 and Timp1, mRNA levels are significantly downregulated by galunisertib administration when compared to controls. Most interestingly, ECM/stromal components, fibronectin and laminin-332, as well as the carcinogenic β-catenin pathway, are remarkably reduced by galunisertib-treated Abcb5ko mice. In conclusion, TGF-β inhibition by galunisertib interferes, to some extent, with chronic liver progression, not by reducing the stage of liver fibrosis as measured by different scoring systems, but rather by modulating the biochemical composition of the deposited ECM, likely affecting the fate of non-parenchymal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seddik Hammad
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
- Department of Forensic and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
| | - Elisabetta Cavalcanti
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Julia Werle
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Maria Lucia Caruso
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Anne Dropmann
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Antonia Ignazzi
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Matthias Philip Ebert
- Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Steven Dooley
- Molecular Hepatology Section, Department of Medicine II, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, "S. de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.
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Zhang J, Zhen R, Wei C. Potassium titanyl phosphate laser-induced inflammatory response and extracellular matrix turnover in rabbit vocal fold scar. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:1525-32. [PMID: 29610958 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-4957-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objectives of this study were to observe the regulating effect of KTP laser and Nd:YAG laser in the repair of vocal fold scars. METHODS All rabbits were injured in the muscular layer with a sharp instrument, and then the vocal folds were treated with a KTP laser and a Nd:YAG laser at a power of 2, 4, 6 and 8 W 1 month after the injury. One month after treatment, the rabbits were killed and the throats were removed to detect changes in histology and gene expression of the vocal fold scar after laser therapy. RESULTS The best efficacy of all KTP laser treatment groups was the KTP laser 6 W group. Regarding the detection of gene expression, in the KTP laser 6 W and Nd:YAG laser 6 W groups, col-3A1 was decreased compared to the scar group (P < 0.05), and col-1A1 was decreased only in the KTP laser 6 W group (P < 0.05). TGF-β1 levels in the two groups were lower than in the scar group. There were also significant differences in the levels of IL-1β, COX-2 and TNF-α in the two laser groups compared with the scar group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION KTP laser and Nd:YAG laser treatments for vocal fold scars have particular therapeutic effects. The KTP laser may be better than the Nd:YAG laser for the regulation of vocal fold scars. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA.
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Ivanova K, Manolova I, Ignatova MM, Gulubova M. Immunohistochemical Expression of TGF-Β1, SMAD4, SMAD7, TGFβRII and CD68-Positive TAM Densities in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2018; 6:435-441. [PMID: 29610597 PMCID: PMC5874362 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2018.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) accounts for 80% of the thyroid malignancies that are characterised by slow growth and an excellent prognosis. Over-expression of SMAD4 protein restores TGF-β signalling, determines a strong increase in anti-proliferative effect and reduces invasive potential of tumour cells expressing it. AIM: The study aimed to analyse the immunohistochemical expression of TGF-β1 and its downstream phosphorylated SMAD4, element and of the inhibitory SMAD7 PTC variants and their association with the localisation of TAMs within the tumour microenvironment. METHODS: For this retrospective study we investigated 69 patients immunohistochemistry with antibodies against TGF-β, TGF – β-RII, SMAD4, SMAD7, CD68+ macrophages. RESULTS: Patients with low infiltration with CD68+ cells in tumour stroma has significantly shorter survival (median of 129.267 months) compared to those with high CD68+ cells infiltration (p = 0.034). From the analysis of CD68+ cells in tumour border and tumour stroma correlated with expression of TGF-β1 / SMAD proteins, we observed that the positive expression of TGF-β1 in tumour cytoplasm, significantly correlated with increased number of CD68+ cells in tumour border (X2 = 5,945; p = 0.015). CONCLUSION: TGF-β enhances motility and stimulates recruitment of monocytes, macrophages and other immune cells while directly inhibiting their anti-tumour effector functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koni Ivanova
- Trakia University, Medical Faculty, Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Irena Manolova
- Trakia University, Medical Faculty, Department Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Maria-Magdalena Ignatova
- Trakia University, Medical Faculty, Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Maya Gulubova
- Trakia University, Medical Faculty, Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Chen L, Yan KP, Liu XC, Wang W, Li C, Li M, Qiu CG. Valsartan regulates TGF-β/Smads and TGF-β/p38 pathways through lncRNA CHRF to improve doxorubicin-induced heart failure. Arch Pharm Res 2017; 41:101-109. [PMID: 29124661 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-017-0980-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the interaction among valsartan (VAL), TGF-β pathways, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) cardiac hypertrophy-related factor (CHRF) in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced heart failure (HF), and explored their roles in DOX-induced HF progression. HF mice models in vivo were constructed by DOX induction. The expression of CHRF and TGF-β1 in hearts was detected, along with cardiac function, caspase-3 activity, and cell apoptosis. Primary myocardial cells were pretreated with VAL, followed by DOX induction in vitro for functional studies, including the detection of cell apoptosis with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling and the expression of proteins associated with TGF-β1 pathways. HF models were established in vivo and in vitro. Expression of CHRF and TGF-β1 was up-regulated, and cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were increased in the hearts and cells of the HF models. VAL supplementation alleviated the cardiac dysfunction and injury in the HF process. Moreover, overexpressed CHRF up-regulated TGF-β1, promoted myocardial cell apoptosis, and reversed VAL's cardiac protective effect, while interference of CHRF (si-CHRF) did the opposite. Down-regulation of CHRF reversed the increased expression of TGF-β1 and the downstream proteins induced by pcDNA-TGF-β1 in HL-1 cells, while overexpression of CHRF reversed the VAL's cardiac protective effect in vivo. In conclusion, VAL regulates TGF-β pathways through lncRNA CHRF to improve DOX-induced HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.,Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Kui-Po Yan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Xin-Can Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Chun-Guang Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No.1 Jianshe East Road, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
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de la Mare JA, Jurgens T, Edkins AL. Extracellular Hsp90 and TGFβ regulate adhesion, migration and anchorage independent growth in a paired colon cancer cell line model. BMC Cancer 2017; 17:202. [PMID: 28302086 PMCID: PMC5356307 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-017-3190-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumour metastasis remains the major cause of death in cancer patients and, to date, the mechanism and signalling pathways governing this process are not completely understood. The TGF-β pathway is the most commonly mutated pathway in cancer, however its role in cancer progression is controversial as it can function as both a promoter and a suppressor of metastasis. Although previous studies have suggested a role for the molecular chaperone Hsp90 in regulating the TGF-β pathway, the level at which this occurs as well as the consequences in terms of colon cancer metastasis are unknown. Methods The paired SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cell lines, derived from a primary tumour and its lymph node metastasis, respectively, were used as an in vitro model to study key cellular processes required for metastasis. The status of the TGF-β pathway was examined in these cells using ELISA, flow cytometry, western blot analysis and confocal microscopy. Furthermore, the effect of addition or inhibition of the TGF-β pathway and Hsp90 on adhesion, migration and anchorage-independent growth, was determined in the cell lines. Results When comparing the canonical TGF-β1 pathway in the genetically paired cell lines our data suggests that this pathway may be constitutively active in the SW620 metastasis-derived cell line and not the SW480 primary tumour-derived line. In addition, we report that, when present in combination, TGF-β1 and Hsp90β stimulate anchorage-independent growth, reduce adhesion and stimulate migration. This effect is potentiated by inhibition of the TGF-β1 receptor and occurs via an alternate TGF-β1 pathway, mediated by αvβ6 integrin. Interestingly, in the SW620 cells, activation of this alternate TGF-β1 signalling machinery does not appear to require inhibition of the canonical TGF-β1 receptor, which would allow them to respond more effectively to the pro-metastasis stimulus of a combination of Hsp90β and TGF-β1 and this could account for the increased migratory capacity of these cells. Conclusions In this study we report an apparent synergy between TGF-β1 and Hsp90β in stimulating migratory behaviour of colon cancer cells when signalling occurs via αvβ6 integrin as opposed to the canonical TGF-β1 pathway. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-017-3190-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jo-Anne de la Mare
- The Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa
| | - Tamarin Jurgens
- The Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa
| | - Adrienne L Edkins
- The Biomedical Biotechnology Research Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, 6139, South Africa.
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Cao Q, Liu F, Ji K, Liu N, He Y, Zhang W, Wang L. MicroRNA-381 inhibits the metastasis of gastric cancer by targeting TMEM16A expression. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2017; 36:29. [PMID: 28193228 PMCID: PMC5307754 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-017-0499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background MicroRNA-381 (miR-381) has been reported to play suppressive or promoting roles in different malignancies. However, the expression level, biological function, and underlying mechanisms of miR-381 in gastric cancer remain poorly understood. Our previous study indicated that transmembrane protein 16A (TMEM16A) contributed to migration and invasion of gastric cancer and predicted poor prognosis. In this study, we found that miR-381 inhibited the metastasis of gastric cancer through targeting TMEM16A expression. Methods MiR-381 expression was analyzed using bioinformatic software on open microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) in human gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Cell proliferation was investigated using MTT and cell count assays, and cell migration and invasion abilities were evaluated by transwell assay. Xenograft nude mouse models were used to observe tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis. Luciferase reporter assay, western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry were employed to explore the mechanisms of the effect of miR-381 on gastric cancer cells. Results MiR-381 was significantly down-regulated in gastric cancer tissues and cell lines. Low expression of miR-381 was negatively related to lymph node metastasis, advanced tumor stage and poor prognosis. MiR-381 decreased gastric cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. TMEM16A was identified as a direct target of miR-381 and the expression of miR-381 was inversely correlated with TMEM16A expression in gastric cancer tissues. Combination analysis of miR-381 and TMEM16A revealed the improved prognostic accuracy for gastric cancer patients. Moreover, miR-381 inhibited TGF-β signaling pathway and down-regulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype partially by mediating TMEM16A. Conclusions MiR-381 may function as a tumor suppressor by directly targeting TMEM16A and regulating TGF-β pathway and EMT process in the development of progression of gastric cancer. MiR-381/TMEM16A may be a novel therapeutic candidate target in gastric cancer treatment. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13046-017-0499-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Cao
- Department of Pathology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kaiyuan Ji
- Cancer Research Insitute, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ni Liu
- Department of Pathology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine and Department of Molecular Diagnostics, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Liantang Wang
- Department of Pathology, The first affiliated hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Danza K, De Summa S, Pinto R, Pilato B, Palumbo O, Carella M, Popescu O, Digennaro M, Lacalamita R, Tommasi S. TGFbeta and miRNA regulation in familial and sporadic breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:50715-50723. [PMID: 28881597 PMCID: PMC5584195 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The term ‘BRCAness’ was introduced to identify sporadic malignant tumors sharing characteristics similar to those germline BRCA-related. Among all mechanisms attributable to BRCA1 expression silencing, a major role has been assigned to microRNAs. MicroRNAs role in familial and sporadic breast cancer has been explored but few data are available about microRNAs involvement in homologous recombination repair control in these breast cancer subgroups. Our aim was to seek microRNAs associated to pathways underlying DNA repair dysfunction in breast cancer according to a family history of the disease. Affymetrix GeneChip microRNA Arrays were used to perform microRNA expression analysis in familial and sporadic breast cancer. Pathway enrichment analysis and microRNA target prediction was carried out using DIANA miRPath v.3 web-based computational tool and miRWalk v.2 database. We analyzed an external gene expression dataset (E-GEOD-49481), including both familial and sporadic breast cancers. For microRNA validation, an independent set of 19 familial and 10 sporadic breast cancers was used. Microarray analysis identified a signature of 28 deregulated miRNAs. For our validation analyses by real time PCR, we focused on miR-92a-1*, miR-1184 and miR-943 because associated to TGF-β signalling pathway, ATM and BRCA1 genes expression. Our results highlighted alterations in miR-92a-1*, miR-1184 and miR-943 expression levels suggesting their involvement in repair of DNA double-strand breaks through TGF-beta pathway control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Danza
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Simona De Summa
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Pinto
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Brunella Pilato
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Orazio Palumbo
- IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', Medical Genetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
| | - Massimo Carella
- IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', Medical Genetics Unit, San Giovanni Rotondo 71013, Italy
| | - Ondina Popescu
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Anatomopathology Unit, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Maria Digennaro
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Experimental Medical Oncology Unit, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Rosanna Lacalamita
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bari 70124, Italy
| | - Stefania Tommasi
- IRCCS 'Giovanni Paolo II', Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Bari 70124, Italy
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Kim EJ, Kang JI, Tung NH, Kim YH, Hyun JW, Koh YS, Chang WY, Yoo ES, Kang HK. The Effect of (1S,2S,3E,7E,11E)-3,7,11,15-Cembratetraen-17,2-Olide (LS-1) from Lobophyyum sp. on the Apoptosis Induction of SNU-C5 Human Colorectal Cancer Cells. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2016; 24:623-629. [PMID: 27469141 PMCID: PMC5098542 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
(1S,2S,3E,7E,11E)-3,7,11,15-cembratetraen-17,2-olide (LS-1), a marine cembrenolide diterpene, has anticancer activity against colon cancer cells such as HT-29, SNU-C5/5-FU (fluorouracil-resistant SNU-C5) and SNU-C5. However, the action mechanism of LS-1 on SNU-C5 human colon cancer cells has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated whether the anticancer effect of LS-1 could result from apoptosis via the modulation of Wnt/β-catenin and the TGF-β pathways. When treated with the LS-1, we could observe the apoptotic characteristics such as apoptotic bodies and the increase of sub-G1 hypodiploid cell population, increase of Bax level, decrease of Bcl-2 expression, cleavage of procaspase-3 and cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in SNU-C5 cells. Furthermore, the apoptosis induction of SNU-C5 cells upon LS-1 treatment was also accompanied by the down-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway via the decrease of GSK-3β phosphorylation followed by the decrease of β-catenin level. In addition, the LS-1 induced the activation of TGF-β signaling pathway with the decrease of carcinoembryonic antigen which leads to decrease of c-Myc, an oncoprotein. These data suggest that the LS-1 could induce the apoptosis via the down-regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the activation of TGF-β pathway in SNU-C5 human colon cancer cells. The results support that the LS-1 might have potential for the treatment of human colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ji Kim
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Il Kang
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen-Huu Tung
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Hyun
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sang Koh
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon-Young Chang
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sook Yoo
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Kyoung Kang
- School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
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Ma Z, Liu T, Huang W, Liu H, Zhang HM, Li Q, Chen Z, Guo AY. MicroRNA regulatory pathway analysis identifies miR-142-5p as a negative regulator of TGF-β pathway via targeting SMAD3. Oncotarget 2016; 7:71504-71513. [PMID: 27683030 PMCID: PMC5342096 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with functions of posttranscriptional regulation. The abnormally expressed miRNAs have been shown to be crucial contributors and may serve as biomarkers in many diseases. However, determining the biological function of miRNAs is an ongoing challenge. By combining miRNA targets prediction, miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in TCGA cancers, and pathway data, we performed a miRNA-pathway regulation inference by Fisher's exact test for enrichment analysis. Then we constructed a database to show the cancer related miRNA-pathway regulatory network (http://bioinfo.life.hust.edu.cn/miR_path). As one of the miRNAs targeting many cancer related pathways, miR-142-5p potentially regulates the maximum number of genes in TGF-β signaling pathway. We experimentally confirmed that miR-142-5p directly targeted and suppressed SMAD3, a key component in TGF-β signaling. Ectopic overexpression of miR-142-5p significantly promoted tumor cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis, while silencing of miR-142-5p inhibited the tumor cell proliferation and promoted apoptosis in vitro. These findings indicate that miR-142-5p plays as a negative regulator in TGF-β pathway by targeting SMAD3 and suppresses TGF-β-induced growth inhibition in cancer cells. Our study proved the feasibility of miRNA regulatory pathway analysis and shed light on combining bioinformatics with experiments in the research of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowu Ma
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.,Laboratory of Neuronal Network and Brain Diseases Modulation, School of Medicine, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, 434023, China
| | - Teng Liu
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Hong-Mei Zhang
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qiubai Li
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - An-Yuan Guo
- Hubei Bioinformatics and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Su Y, Cai H, Zheng Y, Qiu Q, Lu W, Shu XO, Cai Q. Associations of the Transforming Growth Factor β/Smad Pathway, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity With Breast Cancer Outcomes: Results From the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 184:501-509. [PMID: 27651382 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway plays an important role in breast cancer progression and in metabolic regulation and energy homeostasis. The prognostic significance of TGF-β interaction with obesity and physical activity in breast cancer patients remains unclear. We evaluated the expression of TGF-β type II receptor and pSmad2 immunohistochemically in breast cancer tissue from 1,045 patients in the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study (2002-2005). We found that the presence of nuclear pSmad2 in breast cancer cells was inversely associated with overall and disease-free survival, predominantly among participants with lower body mass index (BMI; weight (kg)/height (m)2) and a moderate level of physical activity. However, the test for multiplicative interaction produced a significant result only for BMI (for disease-free survival and overall survival, adjusted hazard ratios were 1.79 and 2.05, respectively). In 535 earlier-stage (T1-2, N0) invasive cancers, nuclear pSmad2 was associated with improved survival among persons with higher BMI (overall survival: adjusted hazard ratio = 0.27, 95% confidence interval: 0.09, 0.86). The cytoplasmic pattern of TGF-β type II receptor expression in cancer cells was significantly associated with a lower survival rate but was not modified by BMI or physical activity. Our study suggests that the TGF-β pathway in tumor cells is involved in breast cancer prognosis and may be modified by BMI through pSmad2.
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Liu J, Chen S, Wang W, Ning BF, Chen F, Shen W, Ding J, Chen W, Xie WF, Zhang X. Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis through chemokine-activated hedgehog and TGF-β pathways. Cancer Lett 2016; 379:49-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Schober-Halper B, Hofmann M, Oesen S, Franzke B, Wolf T, Strasser EM, Bachl N, Quittan M, Wagner KH, Wessner B. Elastic band resistance training influences transforming growth factor-ß receptor I mRNA expression in peripheral mononuclear cells of institutionalised older adults: the Vienna Active Ageing Study (VAAS). Immun Ageing 2016; 13:22. [PMID: 27375767 PMCID: PMC4929754 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-016-0077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background Ageing, inactivity and obesity are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation contributing to a variety of lifestyle-related diseases. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multimodal protein with various cellular functions ranging from tissue remodelling to the regulation of inflammation and immune functions. While it is generally accepted that aerobic exercise exerts beneficial effects on several aspects of immune functions, even in older adults, the effect of resistance training remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether progressive resistance training (6 months) with or without nutritional supplementation (protein and vitamins) would influence circulating C-reactive protein and TGF-β levels as well as TGF-β signalling in peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of institutionalised adults with a median age of 84.5 (65.0–97.4) years. Results Elastic band resistance training significantly improved performance as shown by the arm-lifting test (p = 0.007), chair stand test (p = 0.001) and 6-min walking test (p = 0.026). These results were paralleled by a reduction in TGF-β receptor I (TGF-βRI) mRNA expression in PBMCs (p = 0.006), while circulating inflammatory markers were unaffected. Protein and vitamin supplementation did not provoke any additional effects. Interestingly, muscular endurance of upper and lower body and aerobic performance at baseline were negatively associated with changes in circulating TGF-β at the early phase of the study. Furthermore, drop-outs of the study were characterised not only by lower physical performance but also higher TGF-β and TGF-βRI mRNA expression, and lower miRNA-21 expression. Conclusions Progressive resistance training with elastic bands did not influence chronic low-grade inflammation but potentially affected TGF-β signalling in PBMCs through altered TGF-βRI mRNA expression. There appears to be an association between physical performance and TGF-β expression in PBMCs of older adults, in which the exact mechanisms need to be clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schober-Halper
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Marlene Hofmann
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Oesen
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernhard Franzke
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Wolf
- Department of Sports and Exercise Physiology, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Eva-Maria Strasser
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Remobilization and Functional Health/Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Joseph Hospital, Social Medical Centre - South, Kundratstrasse 3, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Norbert Bachl
- Department of Sports and Exercise Physiology, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Quittan
- Karl Landsteiner Institute for Remobilization and Functional Health/Institute for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaiser Franz Joseph Hospital, Social Medical Centre - South, Kundratstrasse 3, 1100 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria ; Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Wessner
- Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria ; Department of Sports and Exercise Physiology, Centre for Sport Science and University Sports, University of Vienna, Auf der Schmelz 6, 1150 Vienna, Austria
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Zhou S, Tang X, Tang F. Krüppel-like factor 17, a novel tumor suppressor: its low expression is involved in cancer metastasis. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:1505-13. [PMID: 26662959 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4588-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor (KLF) family is highly conserved zinc finger transcription factors that regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. KLF17 is a member of the KLF family. Recent studies have demonstrated that KLF17 low expression and inactivation are caused by microRNA, gene mutation, and loss of heterozygosity in human tumors, which participates in tumor progression. KLF17 low expression increases cancer metastatic viability; its mechanism is that low KLF17 mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through regulating EMT-related genes expression; the reduced-KLF17 also increases cancer metastasis though upregulating inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1). Additionally, mutant p53 proteins are capable of developing a complex with KLF17, which mediate the depletion of KLF17 inhibiting EMT gene transcription and increases cancer metastasis. KLF17 downregulation also mediates the activation of TGF-β pathway.
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Bian Z, Miao Q, Zhong W, Zhang H, Wang Q, Peng Y, Chen X, Guo C, Shen L, Yang F, Xu J, Qiu D, Fang J, Friedman S, Tang R, Gershwin ME, Ma X. Treatment of cholestatic fibrosis by altering gene expression of Cthrc1: Implications for autoimmune and non-autoimmune liver disease. J Autoimmun 2015; 63:76-87. [PMID: 26238209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (Cthrc1) is a documented specific inhibitor of TGF-β signaling. Based on this observation, we developed the hypothesis that knocking in/knocking out the Cthrc1 gene in murine models of cholestasis would alter the natural history of cholestatic fibrosis. To study this thesis, we studied two murine models of fibrosis, first, common bile duct ligation (CBDL) and second, feeding of 3, 5-diethoxy-carbonyl-1, 4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). In both models, we administered well-defined adenoviral vectors that expressed either Cthrc1 or, alternatively, a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-targeting Cthrc1 either before or after establishment of fibrosis. Importantly, when Cthrc1 gene expression was enhanced, we noted a significant improvement of hepatic fibrosis, both microscopically and by analysis of fibrotic gene expression. In contrast, when Cthrc1 gene expression was deleted, there was a significant exacerbation of fibrosis. To identify the mechanism of action of these significant effects produced by knocking in/knocking out Cthrc gene expression, we thence studied the interaction of Cthrc1 gene expression using hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and human LX-2 cells. Importantly, we demonstrate that Cthrc1 is induced by TGF-β1 via phospho-Smad3 binding to the promoter with subsequent transcription activation. In addition, we demonstrate that Cthrc1 inhibits TGF-β signaling by accelerating degradation of phospho-Smad3 through a proteosomal pathway. Importantly, the anti-fibrotic effects can be recapitulated with a truncated fragment of Cthrc1. In conclusion, our findings uncover a critical negative feedback regulatory loop in which TGF-β1 induces Cthrc1, which can attenuate fibrosis by accelerating degradation of phospho-Smad3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaolian Bian
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Qi Miao
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Wei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Qixia Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Yanshen Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Canjie Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Li Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Dekai Qiu
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Jingyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - Scott Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA.
| | - Ruqi Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
| | - M Eric Gershwin
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical Immunology, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Xiong Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Oncogenes and Related Genes, Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Ministry of Health, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Disease, 145 Middle Shandong Road, Shanghai 200001, China.
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Bertoli-Avella AM, Gillis E, Morisaki H, Verhagen JMA, de Graaf BM, van de Beek G, Gallo E, Kruithof BPT, Venselaar H, Myers LA, Laga S, Doyle AJ, Oswald G, van Cappellen GWA, Yamanaka I, van der Helm RM, Beverloo B, de Klein A, Pardo L, Lammens M, Evers C, Devriendt K, Dumoulein M, Timmermans J, Bruggenwirth HT, Verheijen F, Rodrigus I, Baynam G, Kempers M, Saenen J, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Minatoya K, Matsukawa R, Tsukube T, Kubo N, Hofstra R, Goumans MJ, Bekkers JA, Roos-Hesselink JW, van de Laar IMBH, Dietz HC, Van Laer L, Morisaki T, Wessels MW, Loeys BL. Mutations in a TGF-β ligand, TGFB3, cause syndromic aortic aneurysms and dissections. J Am Coll Cardiol 2015; 65:1324-1336. [PMID: 25835445 PMCID: PMC4380321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.01.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Aneurysms affecting the aorta are a common condition associated with high mortality as a result of aortic dissection or rupture. Investigations of the pathogenic mechanisms involved in syndromic types of thoracic aortic aneurysms, such as Marfan and Loeys-Dietz syndromes, have revealed an important contribution of disturbed transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. Objectives This study sought to discover a novel gene causing syndromic aortic aneurysms in order to unravel the underlying pathogenesis. Methods We combined genome-wide linkage analysis, exome sequencing, and candidate gene Sanger sequencing in a total of 470 index cases with thoracic aortic aneurysms. Extensive cardiological examination, including physical examination, electrocardiography, and transthoracic echocardiography was performed. In adults, imaging of the entire aorta using computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging was done. Results Here, we report on 43 patients from 11 families with syndromic presentations of aortic aneurysms caused by TGFB3 mutations. We demonstrate that TGFB3 mutations are associated with significant cardiovascular involvement, including thoracic/abdominal aortic aneurysm and dissection, and mitral valve disease. Other systemic features overlap clinically with Loeys-Dietz, Shprintzen-Goldberg, and Marfan syndromes, including cleft palate, bifid uvula, skeletal overgrowth, cervical spine instability and clubfoot deformity. In line with previous observations in aortic wall tissues of patients with mutations in effectors of TGF-β signaling (TGFBR1/2, SMAD3, and TGFB2), we confirm a paradoxical up-regulation of both canonical and noncanonical TGF-β signaling in association with up-regulation of the expression of TGF-β ligands. Conclusions Our findings emphasize the broad clinical variability associated with TGFB3 mutations and highlight the importance of early recognition of the disease because of high cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aida M Bertoli-Avella
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Cardiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Elisabeth Gillis
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Hiroko Morisaki
- Departments of Bioscience and Genetics, and Medical Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Judith M A Verhagen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bianca M de Graaf
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gerarda van de Beek
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elena Gallo
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Boudewijn P T Kruithof
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Hanka Venselaar
- Nijmegen Center for Molecular Life Sciences (NCMLS), Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Center for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics (CMBI), Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Loretha A Myers
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Steven Laga
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Alexander J Doyle
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland; William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gretchen Oswald
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Gert W A van Cappellen
- Erasmus Optical Imaging Centre, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Pathology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Itaru Yamanaka
- Department of Bioscience and Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Robert M van der Helm
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Berna Beverloo
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Annelies de Klein
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Luba Pardo
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Martin Lammens
- Department of Pathology, Antwerp University Hospital, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christina Evers
- Institute of Human Genetics, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Janneke Timmermans
- Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Hennie T Bruggenwirth
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frans Verheijen
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inez Rodrigus
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gareth Baynam
- Genetic Services of Western Australia, Subiaco, Western Australia, Australia; School of Paediatrics and Child Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Marlies Kempers
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Johan Saenen
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | | | - Kenji Minatoya
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ritsu Matsukawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kobe Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Takuro Tsukube
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Kobe Hospital, Kobe, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kubo
- Department of Pediatrics, Urakawa Red Cross Hospital, Urakawa, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Robert Hofstra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marie Jose Goumans
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jos A Bekkers
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baltimore, Maryland; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lut Van Laer
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Takayuki Morisaki
- Departments of Bioscience and Genetics, and Medical Genetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan; Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Marja W Wessels
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bart L Loeys
- Center of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp and Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium; Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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70
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Mahmood A, Aldahmash A. Induction of primitive streak and mesendoderm formation in monolayer hESC culture by activation of TGF-β signaling pathway by Activin B. Saudi J Biol Sci 2015; 22:692-7. [PMID: 26586995 PMCID: PMC4625190 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have the ability to differentiate into all human cells, however controlling the differentiation has always been a challenge. In the present study we have investigated the direct differentiation of hESCs on MEFs by using TGF-β signaling pathway activators Activin A and Activin B. Activation of the TGF-β pathway with Activin B in low serum highly induced primitive streak and mesendoderm formation after 24 h, which included up-regulation of SOX 17 and BRACHYURY protein and gene expression. Continuous stimulation with Activin B in 2% serum further induced mesendoderm formation by increased gene expression of Brachyury, SOX17, MEOX and FOX at the same time we found down-regulation of neuroectodermal marker genes. Further, by stimulating the mesodermal cells by BMP-2 we succeeded to induce mesenchymal like cells with high expression of mesenchymal markers including; MEOX, FOX, RUNX2, COL1 and OSTEOPONTIN. In conclusion we have directed the differentiation of hESCs as monolayer to primitive streak like cells with Activin B and further into pure mesoderm and mesenchymal like cells by BMP-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amer Mahmood
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Aldahmash
- Stem Cell Unit, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Saud University and King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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71
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Yang Y, Cui J, Xue F, Zhang C, Mei Z, Wang Y, Bi M, Shan D, Meredith A, Li H, Xu ZQD. Pokemon (FBI-1) interacts with Smad4 to repress TGF-β-induced transcriptional responses. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1849:270-81. [PMID: 25514493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pokemon, an important proto-oncoprotein, is a transcriptional repressor that belongs to the POK (POZ and Krüppel) family. Smad4, a key component of TGF-β pathway, plays an essential role in TGF-β-induced transcriptional responses. In this study, we show that Pokemon can interact directly with Smad4 both in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of Pokemon decreases TGF-β-induced transcriptional activities, whereas knockdown of Pokemon increases these activities. Interestingly, Pokemon does not affect activation of Smad2/3, formation of Smads complex, or DNA binding activity of Smad4. TGF-β1 treatment increases the interaction between Pokemon and Smad4, and also enhances the recruitment of Pokemon to Smad4-DNA complex. In addition, we also find that Pokemon recruits HDAC1 to Smad4 complex but decreases the interaction between Smad4 and p300/CBP. Taken together, all these data suggest that Pokemon is a new partner of Smad4 and plays a negative role in TGF-β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Yang
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing,100069, China.
| | - Jiajun Cui
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45267, USA; Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Feng Xue
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chuanfu Zhang
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhu Mei
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing,100069, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Mingjun Bi
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45267, USA
| | - Dapeng Shan
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Alex Meredith
- Department of Cancer and Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, 45267, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Pharmacology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington KY, 40536, USA
| | - Zhi-Qing David Xu
- Department of Neurobiology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Major Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing,100069, China.
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Caputo V, Bocchinfuso G, Castori M, Traversa A, Pizzuti A, Stella L, Grammatico P, Tartaglia M. Novel SMAD4 mutation causing Myhre syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2014; 164A:1835-40. [PMID: 24715504 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Myhre syndrome (MYHRS, OMIM 139210) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by developmental and growth delay, athletic muscular built, variable cognitive deficits, skeletal anomalies, stiffness of joints, distinctive facial gestalt and deafness. Recently, SMAD4 (OMIM 600993) was identified by exome sequencing as the disease gene mutated in MYHRS. Previously only three missense mutations affecting Ile500 (p.Ile500Thr, p.Ile500Val, and p.Ile500Met) have been described in 22 unrelated subjects with MYHRS or a clinically related phenotype. Here we report on a 15-year-old boy with typical MYHRS and a novel heterozygous SMAD4 missense mutation affecting residue Arg496. This finding provides further information about the distinctive SMAD4 mutation spectrum in MYHRS. In silico structural analyses exploring the impact of the Arg-to-Cys change at codon 496 suggested that conformational changes promoted by replacement of Arg496 impact the stability of the SMAD heterotrimer and/or proper SMAD4 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana Caputo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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Morissette R, Merke DP, McDonnell NB. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway abnormalities in tenascin-X deficiency associated with CAH-X syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2013; 57:95-102. [PMID: 24380766 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/18/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) with tenascin-X deficiency (CAH-X syndrome) have both endocrine imbalances and characteristic Ehlers Danlos syndrome phenotypes. Unlike other subtypes, tenascin-X-related Ehlers Danlos syndrome is caused by an extracellular matrix protein deficiency rather than a defect in fibrillar collagen or a collagen-modifying enzyme, and the understanding of the disease mechanisms is limited. We hypothesized that transforming growth factor-β pathway dysregulation may, in part, be responsible for connective tissue phenotypes observed in CAH-X, due to this pathway's known role in connective tissue disorders. Fibroblasts and direct tissue from human skin biopsies from CAH-X probands and age- and sex-matched controls were screened for transforming growth factor-β biomarkers known to be dysregulated in other hereditary disorders of connective tissue. In CAH-X fibroblast lines and dermal tissue, pSmad1/5/8 was significantly upregulated compared to controls, suggesting involvement of the bone morphogenetic protein pathway. Additionally, CAH-X samples compared to controls exhibited significant increases in fibroblast-secreted TGF-β3, a cytokine important in secondary palatal development, and in plasma TGF-β2, a cytokine involved in cardiac function and development, as well as palatogenesis. Finally, MMP-13, a matrix metalloproteinase important in secondary palate formation and tissue remodeling, had significantly increased mRNA and protein expression in CAH-X fibroblasts and direct tissue. Collectively, these results demonstrate that patients with CAH-X syndrome exhibit increased expression of several transforming growth factor-β biomarkers and provide a novel link between this signaling pathway and the connective tissue dysplasia phenotypes associated with tenascin-X deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Morissette
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, NIA Clinical Unit, 5th Floor, 3001 S. Hanover Street, Baltimore, MD 21225, USA; The National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Deborah P Merke
- The National Institutes of Health, Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA; The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nazli B McDonnell
- National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging, NIA Clinical Unit, 5th Floor, 3001 S. Hanover Street, Baltimore, MD 21225, USA.
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Liao YC, Wang YS, Guo YC, Lin WL, Chang MH, Juo SHH. Let-7g improves multiple endothelial functions through targeting transforming growth factor-beta and SIRT-1 signaling. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 63:1685-94. [PMID: 24291274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.09.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study aimed to explore the role of microribonucleic acid (miRNA) Let-7g in regulating endothelial functions. BACKGROUND Derangement of miRNAs is implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. Because the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β pathway plays a regulatory role in endothelial functions, miRNAs targeted at TGF-β signal cascade might affect vascular health. METHODS Bioinformatics software predicted that Let-7g can influence the TGF-β pathway by targeting 3 genes. The Let-7g's effects on multiple endothelial functions were first tested in endothelial cells (ECs) and then in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Blood samples from lacunar stroke patients were also examined to further support Let-7g's effects on human subjects. RESULTS Let-7g was experimentally confirmed to knock down the THBS1, TGFBR1, and SMAD2 genes in the TGF-β pathway. PAI-I, one of the downstream effectors of the TGF-β pathway, was also down-regulated by Let-7g. Let-7g decreased EC inflammation and monocyte adhesion and increased angiogenesis via the TGF-β pathway. Furthermore, Let-7g reduced EC senescence through increasing SIRT-1 protein. Venous injection of Let-7g inhibitor into apolipoprotein E knockout mice caused overgrowth of vascular intima-media, overexpression of PAI-1, increased macrophage infiltration, and up-regulation of TGF-β downstream genes in the carotid arteries. Let-7g's beneficial effects on EC were reduced, whereas the TGF-β pathway was suppressed by ribonucleic acid interference. Restoration of the TGF-β pathway also attenuated the effects of Let-7g overexpression. Low serum levels of Let-7g were associated with increased circulating PAI-1 levels. CONCLUSIONS Decreased Let-7g levels impair endothelial function and increase the risks of cardiovascular diseases through targeting TGF-β and SIRT-1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chu Liao
- Section of Neurology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Song Wang
- Department of Genome Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Cherng Guo
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Medical College, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Lien Lin
- Department of Genome Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hung Chang
- Section of Neurology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suh-Hang Hank Juo
- Department of Genome Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research and Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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