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Kuzma M, Nyúl E, Mayer M, Fischer E, Perjési P. HPLC analysis of in vivo intestinal absorption and oxidative metabolism of salicylic acid in the rat. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:2044-2052. [PMID: 27352811 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
In vivo absorption and oxidative metabolism of salicylic acid in rat small intestine was studied by luminal perfusion experiment. Perfusion through the lumen of proximal jejunum with isotonic medium containing 250 μm sodium salicylate was carried out. Absorption of salicylate was measured by a validated HPLC-DAD method which was evaluated for a number of validation characteristics (specificity, repeatability and intermediate precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity and accuracy). The method was linear over the concentration range 0.5-50 μg/mL. After liquid-liquid extraction of the perfusion samples oxidative biotransformation of salicylate was also investigated by HPLC-MS. The method was linear over the concentration range 0.25-5.0 μg/mL. Two hydroxylated metabolites of salicylic acid (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid) were detected and identified. The mean recovery of extraction was 72.4% for 2,3-DHB, 72.5% for 2,5-DHB and 50.1% for salicylic acid, respectively. The methods were successfully applied to investigate jejunal absorption and oxidative metabolism of sodium salicylate in experimental animals. The methods provide analytical background for further metabolic studies of salycilates under modified physiological conditions.
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Leventi E, Reitter A, Jung R, Stein K, Fischer E, Rövenich K, Weitz E, Staikov P, Rett K. Fetale Malnutrition bei postbariatrischer Hypoglykämie (PBH). Interdisziplinäres Management einer neuartigen Herausforderung. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1584110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Dargas JHF, Chaves SR, Fischer E. Pollination of lark daisy on roadsides declines as traffic speed increases along an Amazonian highway. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2016; 18:542-544. [PMID: 26809110 DOI: 10.1111/plb.12437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Ecological disturbances caused by roadways have previously been reported, but traffic speed has not been addressed. We investigate effects of traffic speed on pollination of Centratherum punctatum (Asteraceae) along an Amazonian highway roadside. We hypothesised that frequency of flower visitors, duration of single visits and pollen deposition on stigmas will vary negatively as traffic speed increases. After measuring vehicle velocities, we classified three road sections as low-, mid- and high-velocity traffic. The main pollinator bee, Augochlora sp., visited C. punctatum inflorescences with decreasing frequency from low- to high-velocity roadside sections, whereas the nectar thief butterflies did the opposite. Duration of single visits by bees and butterflies was shorter, and arrival of pollen on C. punctatum stigmas was lower, in high- than in low-velocity roadside. Air turbulence due to passing vehicles increases with velocity and disturbed the flower visitors. Overall, results support that traffic velocity negatively affects foraging of flower visitors and the pollination of C. punctatum on roadsides.
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Stein K, Schmidt L, Fischer E, Rövenich K, Weitz E, Staikov P, Rett K. Hohe Trefferquote und unerwartet deutliche Geschlechtsunterschiede beim präbariatrischen Dysglykämiescreening in einem interdisziplinären Adipositaszentrum. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Schmidt L, Fischer E, Rövenich K, Weitz E, Stein K, Staikov P, Rett K. Unerwartete Geschlechtsunterschiede bei präbariatrischem Diabetes- und Herz-Kreislauf-Risikoscreening in einem interdisziplinären Adipositaszentrum. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2016. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0036-1580951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Acher A, Heuer B, Rubinskaya E, Fischer E. Use of ultraviolet-disinfected nutrient solutions in greenhouses. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14620316.1997.11515498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Rabinowitz M, McCoy R, Fischer E, Proctor G, Demko Z, Simon A, Ryan A, Kiehl M, Petrov D, Givens C, Bush M. Analyses of 37,000+ embryos with 24-chromosome single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based preimplantation genetic screening (PGS). Fertil Steril 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Fischer E, Almási A, Bojcsev S, Fischer T, Kovács NP, Perjési P. Effect of experimental diabetes and insulin replacement on intestinal metabolism and excretion of 4-nitrophenol in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:459-64. [PMID: 25939089 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Luminal appearance of 4-nitrophenol (PNP) metabolites (4-nitrophenol-β-glucuronide (PNP-G) and 4-nitrophenol-sulfate (PNP-S)) and activity of the related metabolic enzymes have been investigated in control and experimental diabetic rats. Experimental diabetes was induced by administration of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg i.v.). PNP (500 μmol/L) was luminally perfused in the small intestine and the metabolites were determined in the perfusion solution. Effect of insulin replacement was also investigated in the diabetic rats. It was found that experimental diabetes increased the luminal appearance of PNP-G, which could be completely compensated by rapid-acting insulin administration (1 U/kg i.v.). Activities of the enzymes involved in PNP-G production (UDP-glucuronyltransferase and β-glucuronidase) were also elevated; however, these changes were only partially compensated by insulin. Luminal appearance of PNP-S was not significantly changed by administration of streptozotocin and insulin. Activities of the enzymes of PNP-S production (sulfotransferases and arylsulfatases) did not change in the diabetic rats. The results indicate that experimental diabetes can provoke changes in intestinal drug metabolism. It increased intestinal glucuronidation of PNP but did not influence sulfate conjugation. No direct correlation was found between the changes of metabolic enzyme activities and the luminal appearance of the metabolites.
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Skudelny I, Fischer E, Krieger K, Weitz E, Staikov P, Rett K. Frankfurter Modifikation des Edmonton Obesity Staging Systems (FEOSS) zur systematischen Erfassung von Komorbiditäten und zur Priorisierung von Behandlungsstrategien in einem interdisziplinären Adipositaszentrum. DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Haeffner-Cavaillon N, Fischer E, Bacle F, Carreno MP, Maillet F, Cavaillon JM, Kazatchkine MD. Complement activation and induction of interleukin-1 production during hemodialysis. CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEPHROLOGY 2015; 62:86-98. [PMID: 3282802 DOI: 10.1159/000415479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Fischer E, Pallauf A, Bekeran M, Dietz A, Lang K, Hanslik G, Bidlingmaier M, Beuschlein F, Quinkler M, Reincke M. Primary aldosteronism and the occurrence of hyperparathyroidism in the German Conn's registry. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Adolf C, Dietz A, Fischer E, Bidlingmaier M, Beuschlein F, Treitl M, Hallfeldt K, Seissler J, Reincke M. Paradoxical worsening of lipid metabolism after successful treatment of primary aldosteronism. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1549084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Dietz A, Fischer E, Riester A, Treitl M, Beuschlein F, Bidlingmaier M, Reincke M. Clinical and biochemical outcome after unilateral adrenalectomy in primary aldosteronism. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1547705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Masini C, Schierl R, Groeneveld S, Fischer E, Böhlandt A, Rosini V, Paolucci D. PP-012 Environmental contamination by cyclophosphamide: comparison of manual production in biological safety cabinet and robot-assisted production by apotecachemo. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Lhospice F, Brégeon D, Belmant C, Dennler P, Chiotellis A, Fischer E, Gauthier L, Boëdec A, Rispaud H, Savard-Chambard S, Represa A, Schneider N, Paturel C, Sapet M, Delcambre C, Ingoure S, Viaud N, Bonnafous C, Schibli R, Romagné F. Site-Specific Conjugation of Monomethyl Auristatin E to Anti-CD30 Antibodies Improves Their Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Index in Rodent Models. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1863-71. [PMID: 25625323 DOI: 10.1021/mp500666j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have demonstrated clinical benefits that have led to the recent FDA approval of KADCYLA and ADCETRIS. Most ADCs that are currently in clinical use or development, including ADCETRIS, are produced by chemical conjugation of a toxin via either lysine or cysteine residues, inevitably leading to heterogeneous products with variable drug-to-antibody ratios (DARs). Here, we describe the in vitro and in vivo characterization of four novel ADCs that are based on the anti-CD30 antibody cAC10, which has the same polypeptide backbone as ADCETRIS, and compare the results with the latter. Bacterial transglutaminase (BTG) was exploited to site-specifically conjugate derivatives of monomethyl auristatin E (all comprising a cleavable linker) to the glutamine at positions 295 and 297 of cAC10, thereby yielding homogeneous ADCs with a DAR of 4. In vitro cell toxicity experiments using two different CD30-positive cell lines (Karpas 299 and Raji-CD30(+)) revealed comparable EC50 values for ADCETRIS (1.8 ± 0.4 and 3.6 ± 0.6 ng/mL, respectively) and the four cAC10-based ADCs (2.0 ± 0.4 to 4.9 ± 1.0 ng/mL). Quantitative time-dependent in vivo biodistribution studies (3-96 h p.i.) in normal and xenografted (Karpas 299 cells) SCID mice were performed with a selected (125)I-radioiodinated cAC10 ADC and compared with that of (125)I-ADCETRIS. The chemo-enzymatically conjugated, radioiodinated ADC showed higher tumor uptake (17.84 ± 2.2% ID/g 24 h p.i.) than (125)I-ADCETRIS (10.5 ± 1.8% ID/g 24 h p.i.). Moreover, (125)I-ADCETRIS exhibited higher nontargeted liver and spleen uptake. In line with these results, the maximum tolerated dose of the BTG-coupled ADC (>60 mg/kg) was significantly higher than that of ADCETRIS (18 mg/kg) in rats. These results suggest that homogeneous ADCs display improved pharmacokinetics and better therapeutic indexes compared to those of chemically modified ADCs with variable DARs.
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Trondman AK, Gaillard MJ, Mazier F, Sugita S, Fyfe R, Nielsen AB, Twiddle C, Barratt P, Birks HJB, Bjune AE, Björkman L, Broström A, Caseldine C, David R, Dodson J, Dörfler W, Fischer E, van Geel B, Giesecke T, Hultberg T, Kalnina L, Kangur M, van der Knaap P, Koff T, Kuneš P, Lagerås P, Latałowa M, Lechterbeck J, Leroyer C, Leydet M, Lindbladh M, Marquer L, Mitchell FJG, Odgaard BV, Peglar SM, Persson T, Poska A, Rösch M, Seppä H, Veski S, Wick L. Pollen-based quantitative reconstructions of Holocene regional vegetation cover (plant-functional types and land-cover types) in Europe suitable for climate modelling. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2015; 21:676-697. [PMID: 25204435 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present quantitative reconstructions of regional vegetation cover in north-western Europe, western Europe north of the Alps, and eastern Europe for five time windows in the Holocene [around 6k, 3k, 0.5k, 0.2k, and 0.05k calendar years before present (bp)] at a 1° × 1° spatial scale with the objective of producing vegetation descriptions suitable for climate modelling. The REVEALS model was applied on 636 pollen records from lakes and bogs to reconstruct the past cover of 25 plant taxa grouped into 10 plant-functional types and three land-cover types [evergreen trees, summer-green (deciduous) trees, and open land]. The model corrects for some of the biases in pollen percentages by using pollen productivity estimates and fall speeds of pollen, and by applying simple but robust models of pollen dispersal and deposition. The emerging patterns of tree migration and deforestation between 6k bp and modern time in the REVEALS estimates agree with our general understanding of the vegetation history of Europe based on pollen percentages. However, the degree of anthropogenic deforestation (i.e. cover of cultivated and grazing land) at 3k, 0.5k, and 0.2k bp is significantly higher than deduced from pollen percentages. This is also the case at 6k in some parts of Europe, in particular Britain and Ireland. Furthermore, the relationship between summer-green and evergreen trees, and between individual tree taxa, differs significantly when expressed as pollen percentages or as REVEALS estimates of tree cover. For instance, when Pinus is dominant over Picea as pollen percentages, Picea is dominant over Pinus as REVEALS estimates. These differences play a major role in the reconstruction of European landscapes and for the study of land cover-climate interactions, biodiversity and human resources.
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Kuzma M, Fodor K, Maász G, Avar P, Mózsik G, Past T, Fischer E, Perjési P. A validated HPLC-FLD method for analysis of intestinal absorption and metabolism of capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin in the rat. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 103:59-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bakardjieva S, Barrachin M, Bechta S, Bezdicka P, Bottomley D, Brissonneau L, Cheynet B, Dugne O, Fischer E, Fischer M, Gusarov V, Journeau C, Khabensky V, Kiselova M, Manara D, Piluso P, Sheindlin M, Tyrpekl V, Wiss T. Quality improvements of thermodynamic data applied to corium interactions for severe accident modelling in SARNET2. ANN NUCL ENERGY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anucene.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Henderson JF, Grundy KH, Fischer E. Stress-birefringence properties of styrene-isoprene block copolymers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/polc.5070160607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Chenette P, Ryan I, Givens C, Fischer E, Conaghan J. Toward a program of single embryo transfer: reducing multiple gestation risk using CCS. Fertil Steril 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Martínez GM, Rennó N, Fischer E, Borlina CS, Hallet B, de la Torre Juárez M, Vasavada AR, Ramos M, Hamilton V, Gomez-Elvira J, Haberle RM. Surface energy budget and thermal inertia at Gale Crater: Calculations from ground-based measurements. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH. PLANETS 2014; 119:1822-1838. [PMID: 26213666 PMCID: PMC4508907 DOI: 10.1002/2014je004618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/12/2014] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of the surface energy budget (SEB) yields insights into soil-atmosphere interactions and local climates, while the analysis of the thermal inertia (I) of shallow subsurfaces provides context for evaluating geological features. Mars orbital data have been used to determine thermal inertias at horizontal scales of ∼104 m2 to ∼107 m2. Here we use measurements of ground temperature and atmospheric variables by Curiosity to calculate thermal inertias at Gale Crater at horizontal scales of ∼102 m2. We analyze three sols representing distinct environmental conditions and soil properties, sol 82 at Rocknest (RCK), sol 112 at Point Lake (PL), and sol 139 at Yellowknife Bay (YKB). Our results indicate that the largest thermal inertia I = 452 J m-2 K-1 s-1/2 (SI units used throughout this article) is found at YKB followed by PL with I = 306 and RCK with I = 295. These values are consistent with the expected thermal inertias for the types of terrain imaged by Mastcam and with previous satellite estimations at Gale Crater. We also calculate the SEB using data from measurements by Curiosity's Rover Environmental Monitoring Station and dust opacity values derived from measurements by Mastcam. The knowledge of the SEB and thermal inertia has the potential to enhance our understanding of the climate, the geology, and the habitability of Mars.
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Wagenknecht D, Fischer E, Krieger K, Weitz E, Chandra R, Stier C, Weiner R, Rett K. Glukosevariabilität bei Patienten mit symptomatischen Hypoglykämien nach Magen-Bypaß (RYGB). Spielt ein präoperativ bestehender Diabetes eine Rolle? DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1374957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Schreiweis H, Fischer E, Krieger K, Weitz E, Chandra R, Stier C, Weiner R, Rett K. CGM-gestützte Erfolgskontrolle von Ernährungstherapie und Fobi Ring bei einer Patientin mit Non-Insulinoma Pancreatogenic Hypoglycaemia Syndrome (NIPHS) nach Magen-Bypaß (RYGB). DIABETOL STOFFWECHS 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Lippert E, Samuel D, Fischer E. IR- und17O-NMR-Spektren und Struktur einiger isomerero-Arylazonaphthole. Nachweis einer Karbonylvalenzschwingung bei 1570 cm−1mittels18O-Substitution. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/bbpc.19650690211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Riester A, Osswald A, Fischer E, Strom TM, Beuschlein F, Reincke M. Prevalence and clinical correlates of CACNA1D mutations in primary aldosteronism. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1371995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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