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McCarthy LE, Harrington J, Perry I. P25 Assessment of salt intakes using spot urine samples; should it be abandoned in analytical epidemiological studies? Br J Soc Med 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-208064.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Hung J, Harrington J, Scott F, Verma S. Type 2 Myocardial Infarction: When Is It Really Type 1? Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Mou H, Vinarsky V, Tata PR, Brazauskas K, Choi SH, Crooke AK, Zhang B, Solomon GM, Turner B, Bihler H, Harrington J, Lapey A, Channick C, Keyes C, Freund A, Artandi S, Mense M, Rowe S, Engelhardt JF, Hsu YC, Rajagopal J. Dual SMAD Signaling Inhibition Enables Long-Term Expansion of Diverse Epithelial Basal Cells. Cell Stem Cell 2016; 19:217-231. [PMID: 27320041 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Functional modeling of many adult epithelia is limited by the difficulty in maintaining relevant stem cell populations in culture. Here, we show that dual inhibition of SMAD signaling pathways enables robust expansion of primary epithelial basal cell populations. We find that TGFβ/BMP/SMAD pathway signaling is strongly activated in luminal and suprabasal cells of several epithelia, but suppressed in p63+ basal cells. In airway epithelium, SMAD signaling promotes differentiation, and its inhibition leads to stem cell hyperplasia. Using dual SMAD signaling inhibition in a feeder-free culture system, we have been able to expand airway basal stem cells from multiple species. Expanded cells can produce functional airway epithelium physiologically responsive to clinically relevant drugs, such as CFTR modulators. This approach is effective for the clonal expansion of single human cells and for basal cell populations from epithelial tissues from all three germ layers and therefore may be broadly applicable for modeling of epithelia.
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Lewis P, Micklethwaite S, Harrington J, Dixon M, Brydson R, Hondow N. Exploring backscattered imaging in low voltage FE-SEM. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/644/1/012019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Li X, Kearney PM, Keane E, Harrington J, Fitzgerald AP. OP92 Temporal and weather effects on accelerometer-measured physical activity during school days among children. Br J Soc Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2015-206256.91] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Cohen M, Harrington J, Narang I, Hamilton J. Growth hormone secretion decreases with age in paediatric Prader-Willi syndrome. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2015; 83:212-5. [PMID: 25495188 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Growth hormone deficiency is a common feature of Prader-Willi syndrome; however, biochemical deficiency is not uniformly demonstrated. Criteria for GH treatment in paediatric PWS vary with some countries requiring documentation of biochemical GH deficiency. Data regarding the significance of age in the interpretation of GH stimulation test results, particularly in infants, are lacking. We aimed to assess age-related trends in the prevalence of biochemical GH deficiency in infants and children with PWS. DESIGN A retrospective chart review was conducted. Data from children with Prader-Willi syndrome that had GH stimulation tests performed at the Hospital for Sick Children in Toronto between the years 2000 and 2012 were collected. PATIENT Charts of 47 children 0·4-15·5 years of age with PWS that had GH stimulation tests were reviewed. MEASUREMENTS Biochemical GH status in relation to age and body mass index. RESULTS Thirty-two of 47 patients (68%) were biochemically GH deficient. GH deficiency was significantly associated with older age (r = 0·45, P = 0·02) and higher body-mass-index z-score (r = 0·45, P = 0·02). Biochemical GH deficiency was less prevalent up to 18 months of age (3/11 27%) compared with older children (29/36 [81%]; P = 0·001). A higher prevalence of GH deficiency was also detected in obese patients (14/16 [88%]) compared with nonobese patients (18/31 [58%]; P = 0·04). CONCLUSIONS The utility of performing GH stimulation tests as an indication of GH status under 18 months of age in Prader-Willi syndrome is questionable. If performed, results should be carefully interpreted in the context of age.
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Vickerstaff V, Sampson EL, Scott S, Davis S, Lord K, Harrington J, Elliott M, Kupeli N, Jones L. SATISFACTION OF CARERS OF PEOPLE WITH ADVANCED DEMENTIA: THEIR EXPERIENCES AT THE OF END OF LIFE. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2014-000653.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Buckley CM, Madden J, Balanda K, Barron S, Fahy L, Harrington J, Perry IJ, M Kearney P. Pre-diabetes in adults 45 years and over in Ireland: the Survey of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition in Ireland 2007. Diabet Med 2013; 30:1198-203. [PMID: 23659572 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pre-diabetes is an important indicator of future diabetes burden and many countries are reporting prevalence estimates of pre-diabetes. To date in Ireland, estimates of the prevalence of pre-diabetes were unavailable. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of pre-diabetes in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults and to explore determinants of pre-diabetes. METHODS The Survey of Lifestyle Attitudes and Nutrition 2007 was a cross-sectional survey on health and lifestyle in a nationally representative sample of Irish adults. Analysis was performed on a subsample of 1132 participants ≥ 45 years who provided blood samples. Determination of pre-diabetes was based on American Diabetes Association HbA1c cut points of 39-46 mmol/mol (5.7-6.4%). To explore determinants, we modelled pre-diabetes prevalence as a function of a set of health system and socio-demographic variables using logistic regression. RESULTS The overall weighted prevalence estimate of pre-diabetes in participants ≥ 45 years was 19.8% (95% CI 16.4-23.9). There was no significant difference between age or gender-specific prevalence rates. Obesity was significantly associated with pre-diabetes on univariate and multivariate analysis. Population attributable fraction estimates for excess BMI, physical inactivity and poor diet as causes of pre-diabetes were 31.3% (95% CI -3.9 to 54.5), 10.0% (95% CI -2.7 to 21.3) and 6.1% (95% CI -4.9 to 15.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The high levels of pre-diabetes detected in this study are worrying. Population level interventions to address diet and lifestyle factors are needed urgently to prevent progression to diabetes in high-risk individuals.
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T J, Gilthorpe MS, Shiely F, Harrington J, Perry IJ, Kelleher CC, Tu YK. PP33 A N Age-Period-Cohort Analysis for Trends in Body Mass Index in the Republic of Ireland in 18,016 Participants in Slan (Surveys of Lifestyle, Attitudes and Nutrition) 1998-2007. Br J Soc Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2013-203126.132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Harrington J, Southern K, Burrows E, Barton P. WS10.1 The performance of the UK national newborn screening (NBS) programme for CF – Results from a UK regional paediatric network. J Cyst Fibros 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(13)60058-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Buckley CM, Kearney PM, McHugh S, Harrington J, Bradley CP, Perry IJ. PS12 Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes Prevalence Rates in the Survey of Lifestyles, Attitude and Nutrition (Slan) in the Republic of Ireland. Br J Soc Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2012-201753.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Harrington J, Fitzgerald AP, Kearney PM, McCarthy VJC, Browne G, Perry IJ. OP28 Diet Quality and Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged Men and Women. Br J Soc Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jech-2012-201753.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Harrington J, Southern K, Barton P, Hanmer E, Burrows E. WS21.10 The impact of a national newborn screening programme on sweat testing services. J Cyst Fibros 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1993(12)60156-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Sheehan C, Harrington J. Management of dredge material in the Republic of Ireland - A review. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2012; 32:1031-1044. [PMID: 22240209 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2011.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
As an island nation the Republic of Ireland's ports and harbours are key to the economic wellbeing of the country as they are the primary transport link to the United Kingdom, mainland Europe and beyond. This paper examines the main aspects of the Irish dredging industry with comparison to international practice and standards, including the source of the dredge material and volumes generated annually, the dredging plant employed and the management processes currently practised. Relevant European and Irish legislation governing dredging, disposal at sea and waste licensing are presented. The potential impacts of disposal at sea are discussed with the implications for the Irish dredging industry of recently introduced European Directives assessed. Beneficial use rates for dredge material and the techniques implemented in Ireland are examined and compared with international practice. Recent notable beneficial use projects for dredge material and proposed innovative dredge material management techniques for specific dredging projects in Ireland are presented. Proposals to encourage greater beneficial use of dredge material and minimise disposal at sea for Ireland are presented including the introduction of environmental credits, tax breaks and a grant system for pilot schemes. An alternative disposal at sea charge fee structure is also recommended to encourage alternative dredge material management practices. Ireland's management of contaminated sediment is also presented with recent projects described highlighting the current practice of primarily exporting contaminated sediment to mainland Europe. Alternative methods of treatment of contaminated sediment are assessed in an Irish context. Future issues and challenges facing the Irish dredging industry are assessed and a critical analysis of the current approaches to dredge material management is presented.
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McIntosh DE, Harrington J, White JD, Baxter G, Garden OJ. Liver resection as part of multi-modality treatment of late relapse of germ cell cancer following high dose chemotherapy. Surgeon 2012; 10:183-4. [PMID: 22525417 DOI: 10.1016/j.surge.2011.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 01/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Browne G, Loughrey M, Harrington J, Lutomski J, Fitzgerald T, Perry I. P43 Dietary salt intake in Irish adults. Br J Soc Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2010.120477.43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Layte R, Harrington J, Sexton E, Perry IJ, Lyons S. P40 Local food environments and dietary quality. Br J Soc Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2010.120477.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Stewart TC, Harrington J, Tanner DA, Polgar D, Girotti MJ. Evaluation of a youth unsafe driving video: a comparison of two communities. Inj Prev 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/ip.2010.029215.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Geaney F, Harrington J, Perry IJ. P42 The impact of a catering initiative in determining food choices and salt intake in the public sector. Br J Soc Med 2010. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2010.120477.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Harrington J, Steele N, Robinson J, Dunlop D. Day case cisplatin for advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(10)70025-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Bernardo D, Protzko S, Harrington J, Dudden R, Lee-Chiong T. 054 A BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF SLEEP RESEARCH INDEXED IN PUBMED, 2003–2007. Sleep Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1389-9457(09)70056-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Harrington J, Lutomski J, Molcho M, Perry IJ. Food poverty and dietary quality: is there a relationship? Br J Soc Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2009.096701p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Shiely F, Hayes K, Lutomski J, Harrington J, McGee H, Kelleher CC, Perry IJ. A 10-year decline in self-recognition of obesity: trends in sensitivity and specificity from three population surveys in ireland. Br J Soc Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1136/jech.2009.096735c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Harrington J, Perry IJ, Lutomski J, Fitzgerald AP, Shiely F, McGee H, Barry MM, Van Lente E, Morgan K, Shelley E. Living longer and feeling better: healthy lifestyle, self-rated health, obesity and depression in Ireland. Eur J Public Health 2009; 20:91-5. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckp102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Perry IJ, Whelton H, Harrington J, Cousins B. The heights and weights of Irish children from the post-war era to the Celtic tiger. J Epidemiol Community Health 2009; 63:262-4. [PMID: 19208691 DOI: 10.1136/jech.2008.079236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood obesity is a significant global health issue. National level data on long-term secular trends are relatively sparse. METHODS Data were obtained from three large-scale surveys of school-aged children in Ireland involving measurements of height and weight in 1948, the 1970s and 2002. RESULTS Significant increases in height and weight were observed in both boys and girls and in all age groups across the decades. The increases in weight were disproportionate to the trends in height. While boys aged 14 years were 23 cm taller 2002 than in 1948, their average weight was 61 kg, compared with 37 kg in 1948, an increase of 24 kg. A substantial proportion of the increase in weight is seen between the 1970s and 2002. CONCLUSIONS The data provide stark and compelling evidence on the evolution of the obesity epidemic in Irish children in tandem with the increase in economic prosperity.
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