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Fuller-Thomson E, West K. FLOURISHING DESPITE A CANCER DIAGNOSIS: FINDINGS FROM A NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE STUDY. Innov Aging 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igx004.1158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Dawson G, West K, Niruban A, May H. 18IS THERE A NEED FOR ‘SPECIALISTS’ TO BECOME ‘GENERALISTS’? A SURVEY COMPARING HOSPITAL OUTCOMES IN OLDER PATIENTS AGED OVER 75 YEARS WHO ARE MANAGED BY GENERAL PHYSICIANS VERSUS THOSE AGED OVER 80 YEARS MANAGED BY OLDER PEOPLE'S MEDICINE PHYSICIANS (OPM). Age Ageing 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afx055.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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West K, Coburn N, Beldham-Collins R, Tiver K, Stuart K, Gebski V. EP-1147: Radiation induced oesophagitis in breast cancer patients. Radiother Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(17)31583-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Sun Y, Wen P, Yoon Y, Liu G, Steger M, Pfeiffer LN, West K, Snoke DW, Nelson KA. Erratum: Bose-Einstein Condensation of Long-Lifetime Polaritons in Thermal Equilibrium [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 016602 (2017)]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:149901. [PMID: 28430509 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.149901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.016602.
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Steger M, Fluegel B, Alberi K, Snoke DW, Pfeiffer LN, West K, Mascarenhas A. Ultra-low threshold polariton condensation. OPTICS LETTERS 2017; 42:1165-1168. [PMID: 28295074 DOI: 10.1364/ol.42.001165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the condensation of microcavity polaritons with a very sharp threshold occurring at a two orders of magnitude pump intensity lower than previous demonstrations of condensation. The long cavity lifetime and trapping and pumping geometries are crucial to the realization of this low threshold. Polariton condensation, or "polariton lasing" has long been proposed as a promising source of coherent light at a lower threshold than traditional lasing, and these results indicate some considerations for optimizing designs for lower thresholds.
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Sun Y, Wen P, Yoon Y, Liu G, Steger M, Pfeiffer LN, West K, Snoke DW, Nelson KA. Bose-Einstein Condensation of Long-Lifetime Polaritons in Thermal Equilibrium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:016602. [PMID: 28106443 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.016602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The experimental realization of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) with atoms and quasiparticles has triggered wide exploration of macroscopic quantum effects. Microcavity polaritons are of particular interest because quantum phenomena such as BEC and superfluidity can be observed at elevated temperatures. However, polariton lifetimes are typically too short to permit thermal equilibration. This has led to debate about whether polariton condensation is intrinsically a nonequilibrium effect. Here we report the first unambiguous observation of BEC of optically trapped polaritons in thermal equilibrium in a high-Q microcavity, evidenced by equilibrium Bose-Einstein distributions over broad ranges of polariton densities and bath temperatures. With thermal equilibrium established, we verify that polariton condensation is a phase transition with a well-defined density-temperature phase diagram. The measured phase boundary agrees well with the predictions of basic quantum gas theory.
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Silva B, Sánchez Muñoz C, Ballarini D, González-Tudela A, de Giorgi M, Gigli G, West K, Pfeiffer L, Del Valle E, Sanvitto D, Laussy FP. The colored Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect. Sci Rep 2016; 6:37980. [PMID: 27922021 PMCID: PMC5138626 DOI: 10.1038/srep37980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect is one of the celebrated phenomenologies of modern physics that accommodates equally well classical (interferences of waves) and quantum (correlations between indistinguishable particles) interpretations. The effect was discovered in the late thirties with a basic observation of Hanbury Brown that radio-pulses from two distinct antennas generate signals on the oscilloscope that wiggle similarly to the naked eye. When Hanbury Brown and his mathematician colleague Twiss took the obvious step to propose bringing the effect in the optical range, they met with considerable opposition as single-photon interferences were deemed impossible. The Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect is nowadays universally accepted and, being so fundamental, embodies many subtleties of our understanding of the wave/particle dual nature of light. Thanks to a novel experimental technique, we report here a generalized version of the Hanbury Brown-Twiss effect to include the frequency of the detected light, or, from the particle point of view, the energy of the detected photons. Our source of light is a polariton condensate, that allows high-resolution filtering of a spectrally broad source with a high degree of coherence. In addition to the known tendencies of indistinguishable photons to arrive together on the detector, we find that photons of different colors present the opposite characteristic of avoiding each others. We postulate that fermions can be similarly brought to exhibit positive (boson-like) correlations by frequency filtering.
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Salem M, Butt H, Choke E, Moore D, West K, Robinson T, Sayers R, Naylor A, Bown M. Gene and Protein Expression of Chemokine (C-C-Motif) Ligand 19 is Upregulated in Unstable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaques. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2016; 52:427-436. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2016.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Smith PR, Cole R, Hamilton S, West K, Morley SR, Maskell PD. Reporting Two Fatalities Associated with the Use of 4-Methylethcathinone (4-MEC) and a Review of the Literature. J Anal Toxicol 2016; 40:553-60. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkw061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Mueller RS, West K, Bettenay SV. Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Mononuclear Infiltrates in Canine Lupoid Onychodystrophy. Vet Pathol 2016; 41:37-43. [PMID: 14715966 DOI: 10.1354/vp.41-1-37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Claw biopsy samples of 11 dogs with lupoid onychodystrophy were evaluated. They were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and with antibodies against CD 3 as a T-cell marker, BLA 36 and HM 57 (CD 79α) as B-cell markers, and lysozyme, Mac 387, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II as a marker for histiocytes using an immunoperoxidase and avidin-biotin technique. Inflammatory cells were counted in five high-power fields. The inflammatory infiltrate comprised predominantly B cells and T cells. Macrophages were typically only present in small numbers. CD 3, BLA 36, lysozyme, and MHC class II preserved significant antigenicity during formalin fixation and short decalcification for 24–48 hours, whereas CD 79α and particularly Mac 387 seemed to be more susceptible to denaturation by the decalcification process.
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Cohen K, Shilo Y, West K, Pfeiffer L, Rapaport R. Dark High Density Dipolar Liquid of Excitons. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:3726-3731. [PMID: 27183418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The possible phases and the nanoscale particle correlations of two-dimensional interacting dipolar particles is a long-sought problem in many-body physics. Here we observe a spontaneous condensation of trapped two-dimensional dipolar excitons with internal spin degrees of freedom from an interacting gas into a high density, closely packed liquid state made mostly of dark dipoles. Another phase transition, into a bright, highly repulsive plasma, is observed at even higher excitation powers. The dark liquid state is formed below a critical temperature Tc ≈ 4.8 K, and it is manifested by a clear spontaneous spatial condensation to a smaller and denser cloud, suggesting an attractive part to the interaction which goes beyond the purely repulsive dipole-dipole forces. Contributions from quantum mechanical fluctuations are expected to be significant in this strongly correlated, long living dark liquid. This is a new example of a two-dimensional atomic-like interacting dipolar liquid, but where the coupling of light to its internal spin degrees of freedom plays a crucial role in the dynamical formation and the nature of resulting condensed dark ground state.
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Cisneros-Montemayor AM, West K, Boiro IS, Vincent ACJ. An assessment of West African seahorses in fisheries catch and trade. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2016; 88:751-759. [PMID: 26676971 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study provides the first assessment of a heavily traded West African seahorse species, Hippocampus algiricus, and the first information on short-snouted seahorse Hippocampus hippocampus biology in Africa. A total of 219 seahorses were sampled from fisher catch in Senegal and The Gambia, with estimated height at reproductive activity for H. algiricus (161 mm) larger than mean ± S.D. catch height (150 ± 31 mm). Catch composition, height at reproductive activity and potential biases in fishery retention are discussed with regard to the current Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES) guidelines.
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Aslam MI, Venkatesh J, Jameson JS, West K, Pringle JH, Singh B. Identification of high-risk Dukes B colorectal cancer by microRNA expression profiling: a preliminary study. Colorectal Dis 2015; 17:578-88. [PMID: 25557290 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM MicroRNAs (miRNAs) from tumour tissue and common gene mutations were studied to determine whether they predict the development of metastasis in patients with Dukes B colorectal cancer. METHOD Patients who underwent curative resection for Dukes B colorectal cancer who subsequently developed distant metastatic disease at some stage in the following 5 years ('high-risk B') were compared with case-matched controls of Dukes A, Dukes B (no metastases, 'low-risk B') and Dukes C patients without any detectable metastasis at 5 years of follow-up. MiRNAs from tumour and adjacent normal tissue and common gene mutations (KRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA) in primary cancer tissue were analysed to identify prognostic tissue markers for the development of metastasis in patients with Dukes B colorectal cancer. RESULTS Expression of miR-15b and miR-135b was significantly downregulated (P < 0.001) in 'high-risk B' tumours compared with Dukes A, 'low-risk B' and C without metastasis. No significant differences were noted for mutation status and the development of metastasis. CONCLUSION The study suggests that the development of metastasis in Dukes B tumours may be predictable based on the miRNA expression of miR-15b and miR-135b. This requires further study on a much larger cohort.
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Ruel‐Bergeron J, Christian P, Hurley K, Bou Monclus M, Phuka J, Wu L, Klemm R, West K. Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and Breastfeeding Contribute to Child Stunting in Rural Malawi. FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.579.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fitch C, Manohar S, Shrestha R, Klemm R, West K. Is Diversity in Agricultural Production Linked to Dietary Diversity Among Nepalese Women? FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.585.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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41
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Biehl E, Manohar S, Rajbhandary R, Shrestha R, Klemm R, West K. Does Amount and Kind of Food Bought by a Household Vary by Indices of Wealth in Nepal? FASEB J 2015. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.29.1_supplement.585.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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42
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Hansen CR, Sykes JR, Barber J, West K, Bromley R, Szymura K, Fisher S, Sim J, Bailey M, Chrystal D, Deshpande S, Franji I, Nielsen TB, Brink C, Thwaites DI. Multicentre knowledge sharing and planning/dose audit on flattening filter free beams for SBRT lung. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/573/1/012018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hegi-Johnson F, Kipritidis J, Barber J, West K, Unicomb K, Bui C, Yegiaian-Alvandi R, Keall P. Can 4D-CT Ventilation Imaging Replace Technegas V-SPECT for Functionally Adaptive Radiation Therapy? First Results. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2014.05.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Salem M, Bown M, Sayers R, West K, Moore D, Nicolaides A, Robinson T, Naylor A. Identification of Patients with a Histologically Unstable Carotid Plaque Using Ultrasonic Plaque Image Analysis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2014; 48:118-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2014.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Salem M, Sayers R, Bown M, West K, Moore D, Robinson T, Naylor A. Features of Unstable Carotid Plaque During and After the Hyperacute Period Following TIA/Stroke. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2013; 45:114-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2012.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Salem M, Sayers R, Bown M, West K, Moore D, Robinson T, Naylor A. Features of Unstable Carotid Plaque During and After the Hyperacute Period Following TIA/Stroke. J Vasc Surg 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Evans-Lacko S, Malcolm E, West K, Rose D, London J, Japhet S, Little K, Henderson C, Thornicroft G. 3016 – How can we use social contact interventions to reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health problems? Eur Psychiatry 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(13)77522-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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48
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Henschke N, Hulsegge G, McKay D, Chaitow J, West K, Broderick C, Singh-Grewal D. Fundamental movement skills, physical fitness, and physical activity among Australian children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. J Sci Med Sport 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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49
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Buglione-Corbett R, Pouliot K, Marty-Roix R, West K, Wang S, Lien E, Lu S. Adjuvant-dependent cytokine profiles in the context of a DNA prime-protein boost HIV-1 vaccine. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441842 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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50
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Andress WF, Yoon H, Yeung KYM, Qin L, West K, Pfeiffer L, Ham D. Ultra-subwavelength two-dimensional plasmonic circuits. NANO LETTERS 2012; 12:2272-2277. [PMID: 22494364 DOI: 10.1021/nl300046g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We report electronics regime (GHz) two-dimensional (2D) plasmonic circuits, which locally and nonresonantly interface with electronics, and thus offer to electronics the benefits of their ultrasubwavelength confinement, with up to 440,000-fold mode-area reduction. By shaping the geometry of 2D plasmonic media 80 nm beneath an unpatterned metallic gate, plasmons are routed freely into various types of reflections and interferences, leading to a range of plasmonic circuits, e.g., plasmonic crystals and plasmonic-electromagnetic interferometers, offering new avenues for electronics.
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