26
|
Eschwège V, Darnige L, Piette JC, Boffa MC. European Forum on Antiphospholipid Antibodies: report on the first meeting, 10-11 October 1997, Hôpital Saint-Louis, Paris. Lupus 1998; 7:439-44. [PMID: 9796845 DOI: 10.1191/096120398678920415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
27
|
Boffa MC, Valsecchi L, Fausto A, Gozin D, Vigano' D'Angelo S, Safa O, Castiglioni MT, Amiral J, D'Angelo A. Predictive value of plasma thrombomodulin in preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. Thromb Haemost 1998; 79:1092-5. [PMID: 9657429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In a prospective longitudinal study, 130 primigravidae at risk for preeclampsia were examined and plasma sampling performed in 45 of them. Plasma thrombomodulin (pTM) was sequentially measured at weeks 12, 24 and 32 of gestation and after delivery in 20 primigravidae who developed either mild preeclampsia (n = 8) or gestational hypertension (n = 12) between weeks 32 and 39 of gestation and in 25 (age-matched) primigravidae who had uneventful pregnancies. pTM elevations were not observed until week 32 in uneventful pregnancies, but were present by week 24 (p = 0.002) in patients who later developed hypertensive complications. A net individual pTM increase > or = 4.2 ng/ml between weeks 12 and 24 (more than 8 times that of normotensive primigravidae) and/or pTM level > or = 47.5 ng/ml at week 32 predicted the development of hypertensive complications with 80% accuracy. Serial pTM determinations can be useful to select pregnancies who may benefit from early pharmacological intervention.
Collapse
|
28
|
Généreau T, Peyri N, Berard M, Chérin P, Cabane J, Lehoang P, Guillevin L, Herson S, Boffa MC. Human neutrophil elastase in temporal (giant cell) arteritis: plasma and immunohistochemical studies. J Rheumatol 1998; 25:710-3. [PMID: 9558173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Few enzymes are able to attack the internal elastic lamina, which is destroyed in temporal arteritis (TA). Because human neutrophil elastase (HNE) is one of these, its role in the pathogenesis of TA was examined in patients undergoing temporal artery biopsy for suspected TA. METHODS Over a 6 month period, 33 patients undergoing temporal artery biopsy were prospectively included in the study. TA was diagnosed in 15 patients; 9 of them had positive temporal artery biopsy. The other 18 patients made up the non-TA group. Nineteen healthy age matched subjects (mean age 74 +/- 9 yrs) served as controls. Levels of plasma HNE bound to alpha1-antitrypsin (pHNE-alpha1AT) were measured by ELISA. The presence of HNE in the temporal artery wall of 7 TA and 7 non-TA patients was evaluated immunohistochemically. RESULTS Age, neutrophil counts, and erythrocyte sedimentation rates were similar in TA and non-TA patients. The mean pHNE-alpha1AT concentration in the TA group (84 +/- 20 microg/l) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than in the non-TA group (51 +/- 26 microg/l) or in healthy controls (52 +/- 23 microg/l). The diagnostic sensitivity of pHNE-alpha1AT > 50 microg/l was 100%. Immunohistochemistry detected no HNE within the temporal artery wall of any patient. CONCLUSION High levels of pHNE-alpha1AT were associated with TA. Our preliminary results indicate this could be a diagnostic marker for TA. Further studies are needed to confirm its reliability. Because HNE was not detected locally, no conclusions can be drawn as to its pathogenic role in TA.
Collapse
|
29
|
Gysin J, Pouvelle B, Le Tonquèze M, Edelman L, Boffa MC. Chondroitin sulfate of thrombomodulin is an adhesion receptor for Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1997; 88:267-71. [PMID: 9274889 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00082-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
30
|
Pruna A, Peyri N, Berard M, Boffa MC. Thrombomodulin is synthesized by human mesangial cells. Kidney Int 1997; 51:687-93. [PMID: 9067900 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1997.99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Thrombomodulin (TM), an endothelial receptor for thrombin, endowed with a powerful anticoagulant activity, plays an important role in the antithrombogenicity of the vascular endothelium. Its presence within the human renal glomerulus is already known but was thought to be only endothelial. We looked for TM expression in human mesangial cells (MC), both in situ, in freshly prepared glomeruli, and in primary culture. Both fresh and cultured MC were strongly reactive for TM by immunocytochemical methods. Total TM antigen measured on MC lysates and surface TM activity on MC were 0.292 +/- 0.075 ng/mg of cellular proteins and 1.20 +/- 0.02 pmole of activated protein C/min/mg of cellular proteins, respectively. As shown by the presence of numerous transcripts detected by in situ hybridization, TM was shown to be synthesized by MC in vivo and in culture. The synthesis of active TM by both endothelial and mesangial cells within the renal glomerulus stresses the importance of its role in maintaining renal hemostatic equilibrium, and sheds some light on the conflicting reports of TM over- and underexpression in glomerulopathies to open a new field for investigation.
Collapse
|
31
|
Berard M, Boffa MC. Influence of the phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and bovine serum origins on anti-PE antibody detection by ELISA. Thromb Res 1997; 85:439-42. [PMID: 9076901 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(97)00032-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
32
|
Senet P, Peyri N, Berard M, Dubertret L, Boffa MC. Thrombomodulin, a functional surface protein on human keratinocytes, is regulated by retinoic acid. Arch Dermatol Res 1997; 289:151-7. [PMID: 9128763 DOI: 10.1007/s004030050171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thrombomodulin, a major anticoagulant proteoglycan of the endothelial cell membrane, is a thrombin receptor that acts as a cofactor for protein C activation. It has previously been shown that thrombomodulin, present in human epidermis and in lysates of cultured keratinocytes, is implicated in cellular differentiation during mouse fetal development. The role of retinoic acid in keratinocyte differentiation prompted us to study retinoic acid regulation of thrombomodulin expression in primary cultures of keratinocytes isolated from adult human skin, grown at low (undifferentiated keratinocytes) and normal calcium levels (differentiated keratinocytes). Thrombomodulin antigen levels and total and surface activities were measured in cultures without and with retinoic acid. Thrombomodulin mRNA visualized by in situ hybridization was quantified by computer-based image analysis. Functional thrombomodulin was expressed on the surface and in the cytoplasm of cultured human keratinocytes regardless of the calcium concentration. In contrast, retinoic acid induced significant increases in the total antigen level and in surface and intracellular thrombomodulin activities only in keratinocytes grown in a low-calcium medium. In these undifferentiated keratinocytes, quantification of mRNA transcripts showed a threefold increase after retinoic acid stimulation. Thus, functional thrombomodulin is a human keratinocyte surface protein whose expression is controlled through the keratinocyte differentiation program and is modulated in vitro by retinoic acid.
Collapse
|
33
|
Karmochkine M, Boffa MC. [Thrombomodulin: physiology and clinical applications (excluding systemic diseases)]. Rev Med Interne 1997; 18:119-25. [PMID: 9092030 DOI: 10.1016/s0248-8663(97)84677-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Thrombomodulin (TM) is a proteoglycan present on the surface of endothelial and mesothelial cells where it acts as a strong anticoagulant. TM is also located in other cells (keratinocytes, osteoblasts, mononuclear phagocytes...) where it might be involved in cell differentiation or inflammatory processes. The damage of endothelial cells releases cleavage fragments. Plasma TM appears to be a marker of endothelium damage. Plasma TM has been investigated in several disorders: it is usually increased in the case of diffuse endothelial damage.
Collapse
|
34
|
Laroche P, Berard M, Rouquette AM, Desgruelle C, Boffa MC. Advantage of using both anionic and zwitterionic phospholipid antigens for the detection of antiphospholipid antibodies. Am J Clin Pathol 1996; 106:549-54. [PMID: 8853046 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/106.4.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
To investigate the benefit of assaying for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPA) with different antigenic specificities, sera from 141 patients suspected of having aPA were tested by ELISA for IgG and IgM antibodies directed against the following phospholipids (PL) coated individually or together: cardiolipin, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Nonspecific background optical density (OD) was systematically subtracted from the test OD value. Positive reactions were defined as having an OD greater than the 97th percentile OD distribution obtained with sera from 100 healthy individuals. Although the majority of the 79 detected aPA (89% IgG and 77% IgM) were polyspecific, 11 reacted with a single PL and, moreover, belonged to only one isotype. Seven of these 11 patients presented recurrent fetal losses or thrombotic events. These results suggest that routine use of a mixture of both anionic and zwitterionic PL antigens to coat ELISA plates would better detect aPA involved in suggestive pathologies and enhance the ability to identify patients with these mono- or polyspecific antibodies directed or not against cardiolipin, the current standard.
Collapse
|
35
|
Boffa MC. Considering cellular thrombomodulin distribution and its modulating factors can facilitate the use of plasma thrombomodulin as a reliable endothelial marker? HAEMOSTASIS 1996; 26 Suppl 4:233-43. [PMID: 8979129 DOI: 10.1159/000217304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
36
|
Goudemand J, Boffa MC. Monitoring oral anticoagulation in patients with "strong" lupus anticoagulant. Present situation in France. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1996; 147 Suppl 1:36-7. [PMID: 8952759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
37
|
Boffa MC, Piette JC. Questions-answers about antiphospholipid-protein antibodies and the "antiphospholipid antibody syndrome". ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1996; 147 Suppl 1:54-6. [PMID: 8952766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
38
|
Boffa MC, Berard M, Sugi T, McIntyre JA. Antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies as the only antiphospholipid antibodies detected by ELISA. II. Kininogen reactivity. J Rheumatol Suppl 1996; 23:1375-9. [PMID: 8856616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the requirement for serum and for low (LMWK) and high molecular weight kininogen (HMWK) and/or HMWK binding proteins to detect antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (aPE) in ELISA. METHODS Eighteen patients with aPE (9 IgG and 13 IgM) as the only antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) detected by ELISA were assigned to 4 groups: thromboembolic episodes (TEE) (Group I, n = 6); livedo reticularis (LR) without TEE, (Group II, n = 4); both LR and thrombosis (Group III, n = 4); and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) (Group IV, n = 4). All sera were analyzed in ELISA with and without bovine serum and with a purified chromatographic fraction containing LMWK, HMWK, and HMWK binding proteins. RESULTS Eleven aPE were serum dependent: mostly IgG (7/9) and some IgM (4/13). Among the 11 serum dependent aPE, all the 7 IgG and 2 IgM were kininogen reactive. Some serum independent IgM were better detected in the absence than in the presence of serum in the ELISA. CONCLUSION In the 18 patients, kininogens and/or HMWK binding proteins served as a "cofactor" significantly more often for aPE IgG than for aPE IgM (p = 0.007). Kininogen dependent aPE Ig were observed more often in patients with LR with or without TEE (6/8) than in those with SLE or primary APS (0/4) but this difference merely tended to significance (p = 0.06). In 2 patients, one with TEE, the other with primary APS, the IgM aPE was dependent on a serum "cofactor" that was not kininogen.
Collapse
|
39
|
Cacoub P, Karmochkine M, Dorent R, Nataf P, Piette JC, Godeau P, Gandjbakhch I, Boffa MC. Plasma levels of thrombomodulin in pulmonary hypertension. Am J Med 1996; 101:160-4. [PMID: 8757355 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(96)80070-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long-standing pulmonary hypertension (PH) leads to structural alterations of the pulmonary vasculature and its endothelium, and occlusion of small vessels by microthrombi. In patients with PH, the search for factors inducing or worsening endothelium damage and in situ thrombi is still ongoing. Thrombomodulin (TM), an endothelial cell membrane protein, is a receptor for thrombin and a major anticoagulant proteoglycan. PURPOSE To analyze plasma TM levels in patients with different forms of severe PH. PATIENTS We prospectively studied 32 consecutive patients with PH referred for heart, lung, or heart-lung transplantation: 11 patients with primary PH (group 1), 11 patients with secondary precapillary PH (Eisenmenger's syndrome, group 2) and 10 patients with secondary postcapillary PH due to congestive heart failure (group 3). Thirty-eight healthy subjects were also studied as a control group. METHODS Plasma concentrations of TM were measured by an immunoenzymatic technique that uses two anti-TM monoclonal antibodies that have a strong avidity and react with different epitopes of the molecule. RESULTS Thrombomodulin plasma levels decreased in all patients with precapillary PH, and this decrease was highly significant compared with controls (26 +/- 2 versus 44 +/- 2 ng/mL, P = 0.0001). In primary PH, the TM decrease was only significant in males whereas in the Eisenmenger's syndrome TM values were the lowest of all the patients studied, with mean values twice as low as controls (22 +/- 2 versus 44 +/- 2 ng/mL, P = 0.0001). In contrast, in postcapillary PH, studied only in males, TM levels were increased (85 +/- 17 versus 54 +/- 3 ng/mL, P = 0.02). Patients with precapillary PH had more severe disease than patients with postcapillary PH, with higher pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance (P < 0.001). There was no correlation between TM plasma levels and all hemodynamic variables. CONCLUSION We found low levels of plasma TM in patients with precapillary PH but not in postcapillary PH compared with healthy controls. This may be related to the severity of PH and may contribute to the initiation or worsening of in situ thromboses frequently found in pulmonary hypertension. Further studies should analyze whether other markers of endothelial cell damage are correlated with plasma TM levels in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension.
Collapse
|
40
|
Berard M, Chantome R, Marcelli A, Boffa MC. Antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies as the only antiphospholipid antibodies. I. Association with thrombosis and vascular cutaneous diseases. J Rheumatol 1996; 23:1369-74. [PMID: 8856615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies (aPE) as the only antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in 122 patients we investigated for aPL and to correlate the presence of aPL with clinical manifestations. METHODS Patients with autoimmune diseases (n = 41), thromboembolic episodes (TEE) (n = 34), livedo reticularis (LR) without (n = 17) or with (n = 14) thrombosis or recurrent fetal losses (RFL), systemic vasculitides (n = 10), and miscellaneous disorders (n = 6) were investigated for antibodies directed against 4 anionic phospholipids (PL) (cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, inositol, phosphatidic acid) and lupus anticoagulant (LAC) and then for aPE by modified ELISA. RESULTS 15 patients had aPE and no antibodies to anionic PL including LAC. 7 had IgM, 4 had IgG plus IgM, and 4 had IgG. These aPE were significantly more often associated with TEE alone, with TEE and LR, or with LR alone (p = 0.004) than with autoimmune diseases. CONCLUSION The detection of aPE as the sole aPL in one patient with mesenteric infarcts and RFL led to the diagnosis of primary antiphospholipid syndrome. Followup of 3 patients showed that aPE cannot be considered as transient autoantibodies. Therefore, patients whose clinical symptoms suggest antiphospholipid syndrome but whose sera are negative for antibodies to cardiolipin or another anionic PL should be screened for aPE, particularly patients with thrombosis, RFL, and/or LR.
Collapse
|
41
|
Karmochkine M, Mazoyer E, Marcelli A, Boffa MC, Piette JC. High prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in disseminated intravascular coagulation. Thromb Haemost 1996; 75:971. [PMID: 8822595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
42
|
Boffa MC. [In situ hybridization]. Rev Med Interne 1996; 17:505-7. [PMID: 8758546 DOI: 10.1016/0248-8663(96)86452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
43
|
Karmochkine M, Cacoub P, Dorent R, Laroche P, Nataf P, Piette JC, Boffa MC, Gandjbakhch I. High prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in precapillary pulmonary hypertension. J Rheumatol 1996; 23:286-90. [PMID: 8882033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess prevalence and clinical associations of various antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in patients with primary and secondary pulmonary hypertension. METHODS A prospective trial of aPL in 38 consecutive patients with pulmonary hypertension. Nine patients had primary pulmonary hypertension. Twenty-nine patients had pulmonary hypertension secondary to different etiologies: left heart failure, 8; congenital heart defect, 11; various lung diseases, 10. The search for aPL directed against 4 phospholipids (cardiolipin, phosphatidylserine, inositol, ethanolamine) was by ELISA. RESULTS Eleven patients (29%) had aPL, with various phospholipid specificities. Mean pulmonary artery pressure and mean pulmonary vascular resistance of aPL positive patients were not different from those of aPL negative patients. Mean pulmonary wedge pressure was significantly lower in aPL positive patients than those without aPL. Positive aPL were detected only in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertension (11/30; 36.6%). The prevalence of aPL in primary (4/9; 44%) was not significantly different from aPL in secondary (7/29; 24%) pulmonary hypertension. There was no association between the presence of aPL and prior thrombosis or recurrent fetal losses. CONCLUSION The frequent positivity of aPL in precapillary pulmonary hypertension, irrespective of its cause and severity, suggests the existence of an associated endothelial disease. These antibodies might play a role in the initiation and/or progression of in situ thromboses frequently observed in precapillary pulmonary hypertension. Our results reinforce the necessity of longterm anticoagulant treatment in these patients.
Collapse
|
44
|
Piette JC, Papo T, Amoura Z, Boffa MC. [Antiphospholipid antibody/cofactors. What are they? Why, when and how to search for them? Is treatment justified?]. ANNALES DE MEDECINE INTERNE 1996; 147:492-7. [PMID: 9092360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies are a wide family of antibodies, dominated by lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCL), encountered in various circumstances. Unnecessary laboratory tests can be avoided by carefully weighing the indications, especially regarding patient age. Three steps are required to demonstrate LA: screening, mixing studies, then confirmation by neutralization tests. Two coagulation tests at least should be performed aCL are detected with ELISA kits using plates coated with cardiolipin. Due to the large number of kits available and to the lack of agreement on cut-off values, all laboratories must indicate their own standards. Other kits use plates coated with a mixture of phospholipids. Recent data suggest that pathogenic aPL are more specifically directed against phospholipid-associated proteins rather than towards phospholipids. In the future, tests for aCL might be replaced by tests for beta 2-glycoprotein I. The presence of aPL requires a specific treatment only in patients presenting clinical manifestations thought to be aPL-induced (thromboses, fetal losses). Long term warfarin aimed at an INR of 3-3.5 is effective for the secondary prevention of thrombosis. In primary APS, prevention of recurrent miscarriages is frequently achieved by a combination of subcutaneous heparin plus aspirin.
Collapse
|
45
|
Assier H, Chosidow O, Piette JC, Boffa MC, Youinou P, Thomas L, Caux F, Cribier B, Bonnet-Blanc JM, Guillet G. Absence of antiphospholipid and anti-endothelial cell antibodies in malignant atrophic papulosis: a study of 15 cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1995; 33:831-3. [PMID: 7593788 DOI: 10.1016/0190-9622(95)91843-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
46
|
Bessis D, Sotto A, Viard JP, Bérard M, Ciurana AJ, Boffa MC. Trousseau's syndrome with nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis: pathogenic role of antiphospholipid syndrome. Am J Med 1995; 98:511-3. [PMID: 7733133 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9343(99)80355-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
47
|
|
48
|
Boffa MC, Berard M, Karmochkine M. Heterogeneity of antiphospholipid antibodies and their cofactors. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 1995; 13:101-6. [PMID: 7648344 DOI: 10.1007/bf02772253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
|
49
|
Karmochkine M, Piette JC, Mazoyer E, Wechsler B, Chérin P, Herson S, Godeau P, Boffa MC. [Antiphospholipid antibodies: cause of thrombosis or an epiphenomenon?]. Presse Med 1995; 24:267-70. [PMID: 7899382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) present in systemic lupus erythematosus and the primary antiphospholipid syndrome are a well-known risk factor for thrombosis. Most of them require the presence of a cofactor, beta 2-glycoprotein I for anticardiolipin antibodies, prothrombin for lupus anticoagulant. These aPL are of the "immune" type. APL are also found in various non-immunological conditions, in which repeated endothelial or membranous damages appear to be frequent, but thromboses are rare. Most of these aPL are cofactor-independent, except those induced by chlorpromazine, and might belong to "natural" antibodies.
Collapse
|
50
|
Sotto A, Bérard M, Bessis D, Porneuf M, Jourdan J, Boffa MC. Antiphospholipid antibody production during Mediterranean spotted fever. Autoimmunity 1995; 21:123-6. [PMID: 8679900 DOI: 10.3109/08916939508993359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLA) were discovered during the course of Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) caused by Rickettsia conorii and characterized by endothelial cell (EC) damage resulting from this organism's tropism for EC. In two MSF patients, two types of aPLA were identified: antiphosphatidylethanolamine antibodies detected by immunological methods and lupus anticoagulant detected by clotting assays. The persistence of both aPLA for several months after the acute phase and clinical recovery might correspond to a durable immunological response to membrane damage of EC caused by R. conorii. Their possible role in the pathophysiology of microthrombi formation observed during MSF remains to be elucidated in a study on a larger number of patients.
Collapse
|